CN114517678A - Downward vertical stripe and sectional filling mining method based on orthogonal arrangement - Google Patents
Downward vertical stripe and sectional filling mining method based on orthogonal arrangement Download PDFInfo
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- CN114517678A CN114517678A CN202210167455.7A CN202210167455A CN114517678A CN 114517678 A CN114517678 A CN 114517678A CN 202210167455 A CN202210167455 A CN 202210167455A CN 114517678 A CN114517678 A CN 114517678A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F13/00—Transport specially adapted to underground conditions
- E21F13/06—Transport of mined material at or adjacent to the working face
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
Abstract
The invention provides a downward vertical stripe-division sublevel filling mining method based on orthogonal arrangement, which is characterized in that an ore deposit to be mined is divided into a plurality of middle-section stopes in height, each middle-section stope is divided into a plurality of sublevel stopes in height, and the sublevel stopes are used as units for mining sequentially from top to bottom; a plurality of vertical strip stopes are divided in the sectional stope and are used as stoping units for mining at intervals in steps, the mining directions of the vertical strip stopes between the upper sectional stope and the lower sectional stope are arranged in an orthogonal mode, and the mining safety of ore deposits is guaranteed. The invention adopts the mining mode of orthogonal arrangement of the downward vertical stripe stope, improves the integrity and the stability of the filling body, reduces the exposed area of the upper filling body and has high safety; the mining cost is reduced by taking measures such as structural parameters of a large-sized vertical strip mining stope, blasting ore falling in steps, ore removal by a remote control scraper and the like, the production efficiency is improved, the economic benefit is further improved, and the purposes of safe, efficient and low-cost economic mining of low-grade weak broken thick and large ore deposits are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining, in particular to a downward vertical stripe and sectional filling mining method based on orthogonal arrangement.
Background
In the process of mining weak and broken thick and large ore deposits, due to the action of high horizontal tectonic stress, the stability mining of a stope is affected extremely adversely; particularly, in a high stress environment, along with continuous excavation of an ore body, an internal stress field changes, stress concentration is obvious, normal mining of the ore body is seriously influenced, the exposed area and space are small in the mining process of a weak broken thick ore deposit, the exposure time is short, roof collapse and collapse phenomena of a roof are easily caused by excavation of raw rocks, and the problems and the phenomena seriously restrict the mining of the weak broken thick ore deposit.
In order to prevent the problems and phenomena and ensure the safety of stope operation, mining with smaller stope specifications is mostly adopted at present, and special reinforcing support is carried out on the stope structure. When a downward access filling mining method is adopted for mining, the rock mass is replaced by using a direct roof plate formed by high-strength cemented filling bodies after ore body recovery, so that the roof plate of the access can be effectively prevented from caving and collapsing, and the access specification is required to be controlled within 5m multiplied by 5 m; however, mining by the downward drift cut-and-fill method has the following disadvantages: the stope has small structural parameters, small production capacity and extremely high mining cost, and the survival and development of mines cannot be guaranteed. In the face of the problem, the low-cost caving mining method can be effectively solved, but the method also has the problem of great mining loss and dilution, and the key of mining of the method needs the upper ground surface to be allowed to be caved, and if the ground surface cannot be caved, the mining cannot be carried out by using the method; in addition, the method has huge hazards of surface collapse and collapse after the mining of the ore deposit, particularly under the large environment of national green mine construction, the collapse method mining of the mine cannot be applied, which brings huge limitation to the mining of low-grade, weak and broken thick and large ore deposits and seriously restricts the economy of similar ore deposit mining.
In view of the above, there is a need to design an improved downward vertical strip-divided sublevel filling mining method based on orthogonal arrangement, which is suitable for weak and broken thick and large ore deposits, so as to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a downward vertical stripe sublevel filling mining method based on orthogonal arrangement, which is characterized in that an ore deposit to be mined is divided into a plurality of middle-section stopes, and the middle-section stopes are divided into a plurality of sublevel stopes and are used as units to be mined sequentially from top to bottom; and vertical strip stopes are divided in the sectional stopes and used as stoping units for step-by-step interval mining, and the vertical strip stopes between the upper sectional stope and the lower sectional stope are arranged orthogonally. The invention adopts the mining mode of orthogonal arrangement of the downward vertical stripe stope, so that the exposed area of the upper filling body is smaller, and the mining is safer; the mining cost is greatly reduced by taking measures such as large-scale vertical strip mining site structural parameters, step blasting ore breaking, ore removal by a remote control scraper and the like, and the production efficiency is improved; the purposes of safe, efficient, low-cost and economic exploitation of low-grade weak and broken thick and large ore deposits are achieved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a downward vertical stripe-dividing sublevel filling mining method based on orthogonal arrangement, which is characterized in that an ore deposit to be mined is divided into a plurality of middle-section stopes in height, each middle-section stope is divided into a plurality of sublevel stopes with the height of 10-15 m, and the sublevel stopes are used as units to be mined sequentially from top to bottom; and a plurality of vertical strip stopes with the width of 4-6 m are divided in the sublevel stope to be used as extraction units for step-by-step interval mining, and the mining directions of the vertical strip stopes between the upper and lower adjacent sublevel stopes are arranged in an orthogonal mode so as to ensure the safety of ore deposit mining.
As a further improvement of the invention, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing the height of an ore deposit to be mined into a plurality of middle-section stopes with the height of 100-150 m, dividing each middle-section stope into subsection stopes at intervals of 10-15 m, and dividing the subsection stopes into a plurality of vertical strip stopes with the width of 4-6 m;
s2, sequentially mining the middle-section stopes from top to bottom by taking the sublevel stopes as units, mining the sublevel stopes at intervals in steps by taking the vertical sublevel stopes as stoping units, wherein the heights of the vertical sublevel stopes are the same as those of the sublevel stopes, and the mining directions of the vertical sublevel stopes between the upper and lower adjacent sublevel stopes are arranged orthogonally;
s3, constructing a rock drilling roadway at the bottom of the vertical strip stope along the mining direction, arranging an upward medium-length hole from the rock drilling roadway, performing retreat type stoping on the vertical strip stope at one step at intervals in the subsection stope, and repeating blasting, ore falling and ore removal treatment;
s4, after the mining of the first-step vertical strip stope is finished and the filling is carried out, carrying out the stoping of the second-step vertical strip stope until the stoping of the subsection stope is finished, and stoping and filling the middle-section stope from top to bottom; and repeating the steps S1-S4 to mine other middle stopes.
As a further improvement of the invention, in step S3, the rock drilling roadways in the sublevel stopes are distributed in parallel, and the rock drilling roadways between the adjacent sublevel stopes are arranged vertically; the specification of the rock drilling roadway is 4-4.5 m multiplied by 4-4.5 m.
As a further improvement of the invention, in step S3, the upward medium-length hole includes upward vertical blast holes and side-inclined blast holes, and the number of the side-inclined blast holes is determined by the width difference between the vertical strip stope and the rock drilling roadway.
As a further improvement of the method, the hole array pitch of the upward medium-length hole is 1.0-1.5 m, the hole pitch is 1.0-1.5 m, and the ore caving step pitch is 2-3 m; and during stoping of the vertical strip stope, ore breaking and ore removal are carried out after rock drilling of each ore caving step is completed, and then blasting, ore breaking and ore removal of the next ore caving step are carried out repeatedly until 1-time filling is carried out after stoping of the vertical strip stope is completed.
As a further improvement of the invention, when the upward medium-length hole blasting stoping of the first row of the vertical strip stope is carried out, a cut hole is dug and a presplitting control blasting technology is adopted; and the hole spacing of the last row of upward medium-length holes is 0.5-0.8 m, and a smooth blasting technology is adopted to reduce the damage of blasting to the upper and lower surrounding rocks.
As a further improvement of the invention, the sublevel stope further comprises a vein-following haulage roadway horizontally arranged along an ore body, a sublevel roadway parallel to the vein-following haulage roadway, and a sublevel connecting roadway connecting the vein-following haulage roadway and the sublevel roadway; the segmented contact roadway is arranged every 60-100 m along the direction of the ore body; and the sectional roadway is also provided with a chute for ore removal.
As a further improvement of the invention, the vein-following haulage driftway is distributed at the edge of an ore body of the sublevel stope and is vertically communicated with the rock drilling roadway to assist the vertical sublevel stope in ore removal.
As a further improvement of the method, vein-penetrating roadways and horizontal roadways perpendicular to the vein-penetrating roadways are arranged at the bottom of the middle-section stope every 60-100 m along the trend of an ore body.
As a further improvement of the invention, after ore removal of the vertical strip stope is finished, filling pipelines are embedded in advance for filling; the compressive strength of the filling body adopted by filling is 4 MPa.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
1. the invention relates to a downward vertical stripe-division sublevel filling mining method based on orthogonal arrangement, which is characterized in that an ore deposit to be mined is divided into a plurality of middle-section stopes in height, each middle-section stope is divided into sublevel stopes at intervals of 10-15 m in height, and the sublevel stopes are used as units to be mined sequentially from top to bottom; a plurality of vertical strip stopes with the width of 4-6 m are divided in the sectional stope to be used as extraction units for mining at intervals in steps, and the mining directions of the vertical strip stopes between the upper sectional stope and the lower sectional stope are arranged in an orthogonal mode to guarantee the safety of mining of ore deposits. The invention adopts the mining mode of orthogonal arrangement of the downward vertical stripe stope, so that the exposed area of the upper filling body is smaller, and the mining is safer; the mining cost is greatly reduced by taking measures such as large-scale vertical strip mining site structural parameters, step blasting ore breaking, ore removal by a remote control scraper and the like, and the production efficiency is improved; the purposes of safe, efficient, low-cost and economic exploitation of low-grade weak and broken thick and large ore deposits are achieved.
2. According to the invention, the mining directions of the vertical sublevel stopes between the upper and lower adjacent sublevel stopes are orthogonally arranged, so that the mining directions of the middle stopes in the height direction are staggered, and unloading is achieved to relieve the damage of horizontal structural stress to the stope side wall; in addition, when the vertical stripe stope is mined, the filling body at the upper part forms a protective top with an integral structure, so that the bearing capacity is obviously improved, the exposed area of the filling body at the upper part can be reduced, and the mining safety of the stope is improved. And the height of the vertical stripe stope is doubled, the stope structural parameters are increased, the mining efficiency is effectively improved, the production capacity of the vertical stripe stope is improved, and the overall economic benefit is further improved.
3. The invention adopts step-by-step interval mining vertical and strip stopes, and the mining cost is greatly reduced by sectional medium-length hole drilling, blasting and ore breaking, so that the low-cost mining of low-grade weak broken thick and large ore deposits is realized, and the mining cost is reduced by more than 20%; under the high-strength cemented filling body, a remote control scraper is adopted to enter a vertical strip stope after blasting ore falling for ore removal, so that personnel are not exposed in a large space and under the side wall of the stope, and the safety and reliability of operation are ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a stope structure of a downward vertical stripe sublevel cut-and-fill mining method based on orthogonal arrangement.
Fig. 2 is a view in the direction ii-ii of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a view in the direction iii-iii of fig. 1.
Reference numerals
100-middle stope; 1-sectional stope; 2-vertical strip stope; 21-one-step vertical strip mining; 22-two-step vertical strip stope; 23-three steps of erecting and dividing the stope; 3-drilling a rock roadway; 4-upward medium-length hole; 5-a vein-following transportation roadway; 6-subsection roadway entry; 7-sectional communication roadway; 8-a vein-penetrating roadway; 9-horizontal roadway; 10-slipping in a mine; 11-filling body.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not closely related to the present invention are omitted.
In addition, it is also to be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in a downward vertical stripe sublevel filling mining method based on orthogonal arrangement, a mineral deposit to be mined is divided into a plurality of middle-section stopes 100 in height, each middle-section stope 100 is divided into a plurality of sublevel stopes 1 with the height of 10 to 15m, and the sublevel stopes 1 are used as units to be mined sequentially from top to bottom; a plurality of vertical sublevel stopes 2 with the width of 4-6 m are divided in the sublevel stope 1 to serve as stoping units to conduct mining at intervals in steps, and the mining directions of the vertical sublevel stopes 2 between the upper sublevel stope 1 and the lower sublevel stope 1 are arranged in an orthogonal mode to guarantee the safety of mining of ore deposits. The invention adopts the mining mode of orthogonal arrangement of the downward vertical stripe stope 2, so that the exposed area of the upper filling body 11 is reduced, the integrity and the stability of the filling body 11 are improved, and the mining is safer; the mining cost is greatly reduced and the production efficiency is improved by taking the structural parameters of the large-sized vertical strip mining site 2, blasting ore breaking in steps, ore removal by a remote control scraper and other measures; the purposes of safe, efficient, low-cost and economic exploitation of low-grade weak crushed thick and large ore deposits are achieved.
Specifically, the downward vertical stripe-dividing sublevel filling mining method based on orthogonal arrangement comprises the following steps:
S1, dividing the height of an ore deposit to be mined into middle-section stopes 100 with the height of 100-150 m, dividing panel areas every 60-100 m along the trend of an ore body, dividing the middle-section stopes 100 into subsection stopes 1 every 10-15 m in height, and dividing a plurality of vertical strip stopes 2 with the width of 4-6 m in the subsection stopes 1; the height of the vertical strip stope 2 is doubled, stope structure parameters are increased, the mining efficiency is effectively improved, the production capacity of the vertical strip stope 2 is improved, the mining capacity is increased by more than 100%, and the overall economic benefit of the panel area is further improved;
the division of the panel areas is influenced by production organization habits, in actual mining, in one panel area, equipment (a drill jumbo, a scraper and tunneling) of the panel area generally only serves the panel area, and time and cost can be saved.
S2, sequentially mining the middle-section stope 100 from top to bottom by taking the sublevel stope 1 as a unit, mining the sublevel stope 1 at intervals in steps by taking the vertical sublevel stope 2 as a mining unit, wherein the height of the vertical sublevel stope 2 is the same as that of the sublevel stope 1, and the mining directions of the vertical sublevel stopes 2 in the vertically adjacent sublevel stopes 1 are arranged orthogonally; by the arrangement, the mining directions of the middle-section stope 100 in the height direction are staggered, so that unloading is achieved to relieve the damage of horizontal structural stress to the stope side wall; in addition, when the vertical stripe stope 2 is used for mining, the filling body 11 at the upper part forms a protective roof with an integral structure, the bearing capacity is obviously improved, the exposed area of the filling body 11 at the upper part can be reduced, and the mining safety of the stope is improved;
S3, constructing a rock drilling roadway 3 at the bottom of the vertical strip stope 2 along the mining direction, arranging a medium-length hole 4 from the rock drilling roadway 3, performing retreat mining on the vertical strip stope 21 at one step at intervals in the sectional stope 1, and repeating blasting, ore breaking and ore removal; the rock drilling tunnels 3 in the sublevel stopes 1 are distributed in parallel, and the rock drilling tunnels 3 between the adjacent sublevel stopes 1 are vertically arranged; the specification of the rock drilling roadway 3 is 4-4.5 m multiplied by 4-4.5 m;
s4, after the mining of the one-step vertical strip stope 21 is finished and the filling is carried out, the stoping of the two-step vertical strip stope 22 is carried out until the stoping of the sublevel stope 1 is finished, and the stoping and the filling of the middle-section stope 100 are finished from top to bottom; and repeating the steps S1-S4 to mine other middle stopes 100.
In actual production, before mining in the vertical sublevel stope 21 in one step, advanced mining can be performed on the vertical sublevel stope 2 between panel areas so as to relieve the damage of horizontal tectonic stress to an ore deposit in the mining process, the horizontal ground stress around the ore deposit is transferred to a place far away from the normal stope sublevel stope 1 to be concentrated through the disturbance of advanced unloading mining, and the horizontal direction stress of the normal stope sublevel stope 1 is relatively reduced. The unloading is realized by firstly extracting and filling the vertical strips of the top and bottom plates of the ore deposit, so as to achieve the advanced unloading exploitation.
Specifically, in step S3, the upward medium-length hole 4 includes upward vertical blast holes and side-inclined blast holes, and the number of the side-inclined blast holes is determined by the width difference between the vertical strip mining site 2 and the rock drilling roadway 3: when the width difference between the vertical strip stope 2 and the rock drilling roadway 3 is 0-1.5 m, the number of side-edge inclined blast holes is 0, and the upward medium-length hole 4 is only an upward vertical blast hole; when the width difference between the vertical strip stope 2 and the rock drilling roadway 3 is 1.5-2 m, the number of the side-edge inclined blast holes is 1-2 blast holes on the left and the right respectively, and the middle part is still an upward vertical blast hole.
In some specific embodiments, the hole array pitch of the upward medium-length hole 4 is 1.0-1.5 m, the hole spacing is 1.0-1.5 m, and the ore caving step pitch is 2-3 m; when the vertical strip stope 2 is used for stoping, ore breaking and ore removal are carried out after rock drilling of each ore caving step is completed, then blasting, ore breaking and ore removal of the next ore caving step are carried out repeatedly until 1 time of filling is carried out after the stoping of the vertical strip stope 2 is completed. By the arrangement, the filling body 11 is formed by filling once, which is equivalent to forming a whole roof, and can play a more effective supporting role when the vertical stripe stope 2 of the lower subsection stope 1 is vertical to the mining direction of the upper vertical stripe stope 2, so that the roof caving and collapsing problems of the roof can be avoided.
When the upward medium-length hole 4 at the first row of the vertical strip stope 2 is blasted and stoped, a cut hole is drilled and a presplitting control blasting technology is adopted; the hole spacing of the last row of upward medium-length holes 4 is 0.5-0.8 m, the density of the row of upward medium-length holes is doubled compared with that of a common blast hole, and the smooth blasting technology is adopted, so that the damage of blasting to upper and lower surrounding rocks is reduced, and the safety of a stope is improved.
Specifically, the segmented stope 1 further comprises a vein-following transportation roadway 5 horizontally arranged along an ore body, a segmented roadway 6 parallel to the vein-following transportation roadway 5, and a segmented connecting roadway 7 arranged between panels and connecting the vein-following transportation roadway 5 and the segmented roadway 6; the sectional level 6 is also provided with a chute 10 for ore removal, and the number of the chutes 10 is one or more according to the inclination degree of an ore body or ore removal equipment. The vein-following transportation driftway 5 is distributed at the edge of an ore body of the sublevel stope 1, the rock drilling roadway 3 is formed by vertically tunneling the vein-following transportation driftway 5, and the vertical sublevel stope 2 is assisted to carry out mining and ore removal. The bottom of the middle stope 100 is provided with a vein-penetrating roadway 8 and a horizontal roadway 9 vertical to the vein-penetrating roadway 8.
It should be noted that the arrangement of the rock drilling roadway 3, the vein-following transportation roadway 5, the sublevel roadway 6, the sublevel communication roadway 7 and the chute 10 all use the sublevel stope 1 as a unit, and when the mining direction of the vertical sublevel stope 2 in the sublevel stope 1 changes, the mining direction changes accordingly.
In a specific embodiment, after ore removal of the vertical strip mining site 2 is finished, a remote control scraper is used for dragging a filling pipeline into the mining site to pre-embed the filling pipeline (the pipeline is provided with branch openings every 5-6 m), then a filling retaining wall is constructed at the position of 3 brows of a rock drilling roadway to perform high-strength cemented filling, the compression strength of a filling body 11 is 4MPa, and finally cemented filling treatment is performed. Under the high-strength cemented filling body 11, a remote control scraper is adopted to enter a vertical strip stope after blasting ore falling for ore removal, so that personnel are not exposed in a large space and under the side wall of the stope, and the safety and reliability of operation are ensured.
In a specific embodiment, the sublevel stope 1 mining at intervals in steps of the vertical sublevel stope 2 includes but is not limited to one-step mining and two-step mining, and mining of the three-step vertical sublevel stope 23 can also be performed according to actual conditions; moreover, a plurality of vertical sectional stopes 2 arranged at intervals can be mined simultaneously or mined for a plurality of times, but the principle of interval mining still needs to be observed so as to ensure the stability and the safety of the sectional stope 1.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a downward vertical stripe sublevel cut-and-fill mining method based on orthogonal arrangement, which comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing an ore deposit to be mined into middle-section stopes 100 with the height of 105m in height, dividing panel areas every 90m along the direction of an ore body, dividing the middle-section stopes 100 into subsection stopes 1 every 15m in height, and dividing 18 vertical strip stopes 2 with the width of 5m into the subsection stopes 1;
S2, sequentially mining the middle-section stope 100 from top to bottom by taking the sublevel stope 1 as a unit, mining the sublevel stope 1 at intervals in steps by taking the vertical sublevel stope 2 as a mining unit, wherein the height of the vertical sublevel stope 2 is the same as that of the sublevel stope 1, and the mining directions of the vertical sublevel stopes 2 in the vertically adjacent sublevel stopes 1 are arranged orthogonally;
s3, constructing a rock drilling roadway 3 with the specification of 4m multiplied by 4m at the bottom of the vertical strip stope 2 along the mining direction, performing retreat type stoping on the vertical strip stope 21 at a step of spacing the sectional stope 1 from the rock drilling roadway 3 to the medium-length hole 4, and repeating blasting, ore falling and ore removal; wherein the hole array pitch of the upward medium-length hole 4 is 1.5m, the hole pitch is 1m, and the ore caving step is 2.5 m;
s4, after the vertical strip stope 21 is mined in one step and filled, the compressive strength of the filling body 11 is 4 MPa; then carrying out stoping on the two-step vertical strip stope 22 and the three-step vertical strip stope 23 until the stoping of the sublevel stope 1 is finished, and stoping and filling the middle stope 100 from top to bottom; and repeating the steps S1-S4 to mine other middle stopes 100.
According to the method, the soft and weak broken thick and large ore bodies are mined, the sectional vertical strip stopes 2 between the upper sectional stope 1 and the lower sectional stope 1 are orthogonally arranged, the integrity and the stability of the filling body 11 are improved, the strength of the filling body 11 is reduced to 4MPa, and the filling cost is reduced; by adopting the structural parameters of the large-size vertical strip stope 2 with the size of 5m multiplied by 15m, the stoping height is increased by 1 time each time, the production capacity of the vertical strip stope 2 is improved, and the mining capacity is increased by more than 100%; the mining cost is greatly reduced by adopting the sectional upward medium-length hole 4 rock drilling blasting ore breaking, the low-cost mining of low-grade weak broken thick and large ore deposit is realized, and the direct mining cost is reduced by more than 20%.
In summary, in the downward vertical stripe sublevel filling mining method based on orthogonal arrangement, the ore deposit to be mined is divided into a plurality of middle-section stopes in height, each middle-section stope is divided into a plurality of sublevel stopes in height, and the sublevel stopes are used as units to mine sequentially from top to bottom; a plurality of vertical strip stopes are divided in the sublevel stope to be used as a stoping unit to perform sublevel interval mining, and the mining directions of the vertical strip stopes between the upper sublevel stope and the lower sublevel stope are arranged in an orthogonal mode to guarantee the safety of ore deposit mining. The mining method of the invention adopts the orthogonal arrangement of the downward vertical stripe stope, improves the integrity and the stability of the filling body, leads the exposed area of the upper filling body to be smaller, and leads the mining to be safer; the mining cost is greatly reduced and the production efficiency is improved through the measures of large-scale vertical strip stope structure parameters, step blasting ore breaking, ore removal of a remote control scraper and the like; the purposes of safe, efficient, low-cost and economic exploitation of low-grade weak crushed thick and large ore deposits are achieved.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The downward vertical stripe-dividing sublevel filling mining method based on orthogonal arrangement is characterized in that an ore deposit to be mined is divided into a plurality of middle-section stopes (100) in height, each middle-section stope (100) is divided into a plurality of sublevel stopes (1) with the height of 10-15 m, and the sublevel stopes (1) are used as units for mining sequentially from top to bottom; a plurality of vertical strip stopes (2) with the width of 4-6 m are divided in the sectional stopes (1) and are used as extraction units to conduct extraction at intervals in steps, and the extraction directions of the vertical strip stopes (2) between the upper sectional stope and the lower sectional stope (1) are arranged in an orthogonal mode to guarantee the safety of ore deposit extraction.
2. The method of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, dividing the ore deposit to be mined into a plurality of middle-section stopes (100) with the height of 100-150 m in height, dividing each middle-section stope (100) into subsection stopes (1) every 10-15 m in height, and dividing a plurality of vertical strip stopes (2) with the width of 4-6 m into the subsection stopes (1);
s2, sequentially mining the middle section stopes (100) from top to bottom by taking the subsection stope (1) as a unit, mining the interior of the subsection stope (1) by taking the vertical strip stope (2) as a mining unit at intervals in steps, wherein the height of the vertical strip stope (2) is the same as that of the subsection stope (1), and the mining directions of the vertical strip stope (2) between the upper and lower adjacent subsection stopes (1) are arranged orthogonally;
S3, constructing a rock drilling roadway (3) at the bottom of the vertical strip stope (2) along the mining direction, arranging upward medium-length holes (4) from the rock drilling roadway (3), performing backward mining on the vertical strip stope (21) at intervals in the subsection stope (1), and repeating blasting, ore falling and ore removal processing;
s4, after the mining of the first-step vertical strip stope (21) is finished and the filling is carried out, the stoping of the second-step vertical strip stope (22) is carried out until the stoping of the sublevel stope (1) is finished, and the stoping and the filling of the middle-section stope (100) are finished from top to bottom; and repeating the steps S1-S4 to mine other middle stopes (100).
3. The downward vertical strip cut and fill mining method based on orthogonal arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that, in step S3, the rock drilling tunnels (3) in the sublevel stope (1) are distributed in parallel, and the rock drilling tunnels (3) between adjacent sublevel stopes (1) are arranged vertically; the specification of the rock drilling roadway (3) is 4-4.5 m multiplied by 4-4.5 m.
4. The downward vertical strip sublevel cut-and-fill mining method based on the orthogonal arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that, in step S3, the upward medium-length hole (4) includes upward vertical blastholes and side-inclined blastholes, and the number of the side-inclined blastholes is determined by the width difference of the vertical strip stope (2) and the rock drilling roadway (3).
5. The downward vertical stripe sublevel cut-and-fill mining method based on orthogonal arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the hole array pitch of the upward medium-length hole (4) is 1.0-1.5 m, the hole pitch is 1.0-1.5 m, and the ore caving step pitch is 2-3 m; and during the stoping of the vertical strip stope (2), ore breaking and ore removal are carried out after the rock drilling of each ore caving step is finished, and then the blasting, ore breaking and ore removal of the next ore caving step are carried out repeatedly until the stoping of the vertical strip stope (2) is finished, and filling is carried out for 1 time.
6. The downward vertical sublevel filling mining method based on the orthogonal arrangement as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, when blasting and stoping the upward medium-length hole (4) at the head row of the vertical sublevel stope (2), cutting cut holes and adopting presplitting control blasting technology; the hole pitch of the last row of upward medium-length holes (4) is 0.5-0.8 m, and a smooth blasting technology is adopted to reduce the damage of blasting to upper and lower surrounding rocks.
7. The downward vertical strip-divided sublevel filling mining method based on orthogonal arrangement as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the sublevel stope (1) further comprises a vein-following haulage drift (5) horizontally arranged along the ore body, a sublevel drift (6) parallel to the vein-following haulage drift (5), a sublevel communication roadway (7) connecting the vein-following haulage drift (5) and the sublevel drift (6); the subsection connection roadway (7) is arranged every 60-100 m along the trend of the ore body; the subsection roadway (6) is also provided with a chute (10) for ore removal.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the vein-wise haulage driftway (5) is distributed at the edge of the ore body of the sublevel stope (1) and is vertically communicated with the rock drilling roadway (3) to assist the sublevel stope (2) in ore removal.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the bottom of the middle stope (100) is provided with drift holes (8) and horizontal holes (9) perpendicular to the drift holes (8) at intervals of 60-100 m along the strike of the ore body.
10. The downward vertical stripe sublevel filling mining method based on orthogonal arrangement as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the filling pipeline is embedded for filling after the ore removal of the vertical stripe stope (2) is finished; the compression strength of the filling body (11) adopted by filling is 4 MPa.
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| CN106014410A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-10-12 | 中南大学 | Filling mining method for downward access part |
| CN109083644A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-12-25 | 中南大学 | A kind of safe and efficient mining methods of gently inclined medium thick orebody |
| CN109339783A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-15 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | The route open stope afterwards filling mining method of gently inclined medium thick orebody |
| WO2019091048A1 (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2019-05-16 | 中国矿业大学 | "five maps-three zones-two sub-areas" water-preserved coal mining method |
| CN111520142A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-11 | 昆明理工大学 | Mining method for continuous mining |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106014410A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-10-12 | 中南大学 | Filling mining method for downward access part |
| WO2019091048A1 (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2019-05-16 | 中国矿业大学 | "five maps-three zones-two sub-areas" water-preserved coal mining method |
| CN109083644A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-12-25 | 中南大学 | A kind of safe and efficient mining methods of gently inclined medium thick orebody |
| CN109339783A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-15 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | The route open stope afterwards filling mining method of gently inclined medium thick orebody |
| CN111520142A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-11 | 昆明理工大学 | Mining method for continuous mining |
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