CN114513868B - Electric heater assembly of electric propulsion hollow cathode - Google Patents
Electric heater assembly of electric propulsion hollow cathode Download PDFInfo
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- CN114513868B CN114513868B CN202210151593.6A CN202210151593A CN114513868B CN 114513868 B CN114513868 B CN 114513868B CN 202210151593 A CN202210151593 A CN 202210151593A CN 114513868 B CN114513868 B CN 114513868B
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/141—Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electric heater assembly of an electric propulsion hollow cathode, belongs to the technical field of electric propulsion systems, and aims to solve the problems of low efficiency and high power consumption caused by unreasonable design of an existing hollow cathode heater. It includes: the cathode tube is for being provided with flanging's cylindrical structure, flanging sets up regional at the cathode tube middle part, cathode tube top cover is equipped with thermal-insulated support, thermal-insulated support upper end and cathode tube upper end parallel and level, thermal-insulated support upper portion is equipped with circular recess, install the apron in the circular recess, apron upper end and cathode tube upper end parallel and level, the cover is equipped with heater pottery between flanging and the thermal-insulated support, it has the external screw thread to process on the ceramic outer wall of heater, the winding has the heater strip in the external screw thread recess, the heater strip is introduced from the ceramic lower extreme of heater, the upper end is drawn forth, compress tightly through the apron, the outside cover of heater pottery is equipped with the insulating layer. The invention is used for the electric propulsion system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electric heater assembly of an electric propulsion hollow cathode, belonging to the technical field of electric propulsion systems.
Background
The hollow cathode is a key core component of electric propulsion, and has the following main functions:
1) in order to successfully start the Hall thruster/the ion thruster, the hollow cathode needs to be used as an electron source to provide enough seed electrons;
2) in the operation process of the Hall thruster/ion thruster, the ejected plume contains a large amount of ions, and in order to reduce the damage of the ejected plume to the thruster, the hollow cathode needs to be used as a neutralizer to generate electrons and neutralize the plume;
3) an accelerating electric field is formed between the negative electrode and the thruster.
Therefore, the hollow cathode with good working performance is an essential component for normal operation of the Hall thruster/ion thruster.
The ignition and stable operation of the cathode require heating the emitter to enhance its electron emission capability, so how to improve the heating efficiency of the heating wire to the emitter to maintain the temperature of the emitter is crucial.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of low efficiency and high power consumption caused by unreasonable design of the conventional hollow cathode heater, and provides an electric heater assembly for electrically propelling a hollow cathode.
The invention relates to an electric heater assembly of an electric propulsion hollow cathode, which comprises a cover plate, a heat insulation support, heater ceramics, a heating wire and a heat insulation layer, wherein the cover plate is arranged on the heat insulation support;
the cathode tube is of a cylindrical structure provided with an outward flange, the outward flange is arranged in the middle area of the cathode tube,
the top of the cathode tube is sleeved with a heat insulation support, the upper end of the heat insulation support is flush with the upper end of the cathode tube, the upper part of the heat insulation support is provided with a circular groove, a cover plate is arranged in the circular groove, the upper end of the cover plate is flush with the upper end of the cathode tube,
a cylindrical heater ceramic is sleeved between the outward flanging and the heat insulation support, external threads are processed on the outer wall of the heater ceramic, heating wires are wound in grooves of the external threads, the heating wires are led in from the lower end of the heater ceramic, led out from the upper end of the heater ceramic and pressed tightly through a cover plate,
the outside of the heater ceramic is sleeved with a heat insulation layer.
Preferably, the heating wire insulator is further included, and the heating wire insulator is sleeved outside the heating wire at the lower end of the heater ceramic.
Preferably, the lower part of the heat insulation support is provided with a lower step, the upper part of the flanging is provided with an upper step, the diameter of the lower step is the same as that of the upper step, and a heat insulation layer is arranged between the lower step and the upper step.
Preferably, the lower step is a plurality of layers of steps, the upper step is a plurality of layers of steps corresponding to the lower step, and each layer of step is provided with a heat insulation layer.
Preferably, the thermal insulation layer is a tantalum foil thermal insulation layer.
Preferably, a lower notch is processed at the lower end of the heater ceramic, an upper notch is processed at the upper end of the heater ceramic, the depth of the upper notch is equal to two times of the thread pitch of the external thread, the angle is 180 degrees, and the heating wire is led in from the lower notch and led out from the upper notch.
Preferably, the bottom of the heat insulation support is provided with a round hole, the round hole is opposite to the upper notch, and the heating wire penetrates through the round hole and then is led out of the heater ceramic.
Preferably, the outward turning edge is provided with an introduction round hole, and the heater wire is introduced into the heater ceramic after passing through the introduction round hole.
Preferably, the cover plate and the heat insulation support are fixedly installed through electric welding, and the cover plate and the cathode tube are fixedly installed through electric welding.
Preferably, the depth of the external thread is greater than two times the diameter of the heating wire.
The invention has the advantages that: according to the electric heater assembly of the electric propulsion hollow cathode, the heater ceramic with threads is arranged outside the cathode tube, and the heating wire is wound, so that the heating power of a launching body is improved. Meanwhile, the multilayer heat insulation layer is arranged outside the heater ceramic, so that heat dissipation to the outside is reduced, stable work of the emitter is maintained, and discharging efficiency of the cathode is improved. The electric heater assembly of the electric propulsion hollow cathode can increase the heat transfer area of the heating wire to the heater ceramic, reduce the radiation heat dissipation capacity of the heater to the outside, improve the temperature of the emitter when the cathode works, help to maintain the stable work of the emitter and improve the working efficiency of the cathode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electric heater assembly for an electrically propelled hollow cathode of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cathode tube provided with a flanging according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the heat shield support of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the heat shield support of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a heater ceramic according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1:
the following describes the present embodiment with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and the present embodiment describes an electric heater assembly of an electrically propelled hollow cathode, which includes a cover plate 2, a heat insulation bracket 3, a heater ceramic 4, a heating wire 5 and a heat insulation layer 7;
the cathode tube 1 is a cylindrical structure provided with an outward flange 1-1, the outward flange 1-1 is arranged in the middle area of the cathode tube 1,
the top of the cathode tube 1 is sleeved with a heat insulation support 3, the upper end of the heat insulation support 3 is flush with the upper end of the cathode tube 1, the upper part of the heat insulation support 3 is provided with a circular groove 3-2, a cover plate 2 is arranged in the circular groove 3-2, the upper end of the cover plate 2 is flush with the upper end of the cathode tube 1,
a cylindrical heater ceramic 4 is sleeved between the outward flanging 1-1 and the heat insulation support 3, an external thread 4-2 is processed on the outer wall of the heater ceramic 4, a heating wire 5 is wound in a groove of the external thread 4-2, the heating wire 5 is led in from the lower end of the heater ceramic 4, is led out from the upper end of the heater ceramic 4 and is pressed by the cover plate 2,
the heater ceramic 4 is externally sheathed with a heat insulation layer 7.
Furthermore, the ceramic heater also comprises a heating wire insulator 6, and the outer side of a heating wire 5 at the lower end of the heater ceramic 4 is sleeved with the heating wire insulator 6.
Still further, fixed mounting is carried out through the electric welding between apron 2 and the thermal-insulated support 3, fixed mounting is carried out through the electric welding between apron 2 and the cathode tube 1.
In this embodiment, the flange 1-1 of the cathode tube 1 is used for positioning the cover plate 2, the heat insulating support 3, and the heater ceramic 4 in the axial direction.
In this embodiment, the inside of the heater ceramic 4 is the cathode tube and the emitter, and the outer wall surface is wound with the heater strip, which is led in from the lower end of the heater ceramic 4 and led out from the upper end, and is pressed tightly by the cover plate 2, and is loose-proof by spot welding, so as to form the cathode heating circuit. The heater ceramic 4 can fix the heating wire 5 and can also be used as a medium for the heating wire 5 to transfer heat to the emitter. The external thread 4-2 is processed on the outer wall of the heater ceramic 4, so that the heat transfer efficiency of the heating wire 5 to the cathode emitter is improved, the temperature of the emitter is maintained when the cathode works, and the working efficiency of the cathode is improved.
In the present embodiment, the heater wire insulator 6 can maintain insulation between the heater wire 5 and the cathode tube 1.
Example 2:
the following describes the present embodiment with reference to fig. 1-4, and the present embodiment describes another electric heater assembly of an electrically propelled hollow cathode, which includes a cover plate 2, a heat insulation bracket 3, a heater ceramic 4, a heating wire 5 and a heat insulation layer 7; the cathode tube 1 is of a cylindrical structure provided with an outward turned edge 1-1, the outward turned edge 1-1 is arranged in the middle area of the cathode tube 1, a heat insulation support 3 is sleeved on the top of the cathode tube 1, the upper end of the heat insulation support 3 is flush with the upper end of the cathode tube 1, a circular groove 3-2 is formed in the upper portion of the heat insulation support 3, a cover plate 2 is installed in the circular groove 3-2, the upper end of the cover plate 2 is flush with the upper end of the cathode tube 1, a cylindrical heater ceramic 4 is sleeved between the outward turned edge 1-1 and the heat insulation support 3, external threads 4-2 are processed on the outer wall of the heater ceramic 4, heating wires 5 are wound in the grooves of the external threads 4-2, the heating wires 5 are led in from the lower end of the heater ceramic 4 and are led out from the upper end of the heater ceramic 4 and are pressed through the cover plate 2, and a heat insulation layer 7 is sleeved outside the heater ceramic 4.
The lower part of the heat insulation support 3 is provided with a lower step 3-3, the upper part of the outward flanging 1-1 is provided with an upper step 1-3, the diameter of the lower step 3-3 is the same as that of the upper step 1-3, and a heat insulation layer 7 is arranged between the lower step 3-3 and the upper step 1-3.
The lower step 3-3 is a multilayer step, the upper step 1-3 is a multilayer step corresponding to the lower step 3-3, and each layer of step is provided with a heat insulation layer 7.
The heat insulation layer 7 is a tantalum foil heat insulation layer.
The outward flanging 1-1 is provided with an introducing round hole 1-2, and the heater ceramic 4 is introduced after the heater wire 5 passes through the introducing round hole 1-2.
Example 3:
the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 5, and the present embodiment describes another electric heater assembly for an electrically propelled hollow cathode, which comprises a cover plate 2, a heat insulation bracket 3, a heater ceramic 4, a heating wire 5 and a heat insulation layer 7; the cathode tube 1 is of a cylindrical structure provided with an outward turned edge 1-1, the outward turned edge 1-1 is arranged in the middle area of the cathode tube 1, a heat insulation support 3 is sleeved on the top of the cathode tube 1, the upper end of the heat insulation support 3 is flush with the upper end of the cathode tube 1, a circular groove 3-2 is formed in the upper portion of the heat insulation support 3, a cover plate 2 is installed in the circular groove 3-2, the upper end of the cover plate 2 is flush with the upper end of the cathode tube 1, a cylindrical heater ceramic 4 is sleeved between the outward turned edge 1-1 and the heat insulation support 3, external threads 4-2 are processed on the outer wall of the heater ceramic 4, heating wires 5 are wound in the grooves of the external threads 4-2, the heating wires 5 are led in from the lower end of the heater ceramic 4 and are led out from the upper end of the heater ceramic 4 and are pressed through the cover plate 2, and a heat insulation layer 7 is sleeved outside the heater ceramic 4.
The lower end of the heater ceramic 4 is provided with a lower notch 4-3, the upper end of the heater ceramic 4 is provided with an upper notch 4-1, the depth of the upper notch 4-1 is equal to the double pitch of the external thread 4-2, the angle is 180 degrees, and the heating wire 5 is led in from the lower notch 4-3 and led out from the upper notch 4-1.
Further, the depth of the external thread 4-2 is more than twice the diameter of the heating wire 5.
In the embodiment, the depth of the external thread 4-2 is greater than two times of the diameter of the heating wire 5, so that the heating wire 5 can have enough radiation heat transfer area for the heater ceramic 4, and the heat dissipation capacity of the heating wire 5 to the outside is reduced.
Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that features described in different dependent claims and herein may be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. An electric heater assembly for electrically propelling a hollow cathode, comprising: the heating device comprises a cover plate (2), a heat insulation support (3), heater ceramics (4), a heating wire (5) and a heat insulation layer (7);
the cathode tube (1) is a cylindrical structure provided with an outward flange (1-1), the outward flange (1-1) is arranged in the middle area of the cathode tube (1),
the top of the cathode tube (1) is sleeved with a heat insulation support (3), the upper end of the heat insulation support (3) is flush with the upper end of the cathode tube (1), the upper part of the heat insulation support (3) is provided with a circular groove (3-2), a cover plate (2) is arranged in the circular groove (3-2), the upper end of the cover plate (2) is flush with the upper end of the cathode tube (1),
a cylindrical heater ceramic (4) is sleeved between the outer flanging (1-1) and the heat insulation support (3), external threads (4-2) are processed on the outer wall of the heater ceramic (4), a heating wire (5) is wound in a groove of the external threads (4-2), the heating wire (5) is led in from the lower end of the heater ceramic (4) and led out from the upper end of the heater ceramic (4) and is pressed by the cover plate (2),
the external of the heater ceramic (4) is sheathed with a heat insulation layer (7).
2. An electric heater assembly for an electrically propelled hollow cathode according to claim 1, further comprising a heater wire insulator (6), wherein the heater wire insulator (6) is sleeved outside the heater wire (5) at the lower end of the heater ceramic (4).
3. The electric heater assembly of the electric propulsion hollow cathode according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the heat insulation support (3) is provided with a lower step (3-3), the upper part of the flanging (1-1) is provided with an upper step (1-3), the diameter of the lower step (3-3) is the same as that of the upper step (1-3), and a heat insulation layer (7) is arranged between the lower step (3-3) and the upper step (1-3).
4. An electric heater assembly for an electrically propelled hollow cathode according to claim 3, characterized in that the lower steps (3-3) are multi-layered steps and the upper steps (1-3) are multi-layered steps corresponding to the lower steps (3-3), each step being provided with a respective insulating layer (7).
5. An electric heater assembly of an electrically propelled hollow cathode according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the thermal insulation layer (7) is a tantalum foil thermal insulation layer.
6. An electric heater assembly for an electrically propelled hollow cathode according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end of the heater ceramic (4) is provided with a lower notch (4-3), the upper end of the heater ceramic (4) is provided with an upper notch (4-1), the depth of the upper notch (4-1) is equal to the double pitch of the external thread (4-2) and the angle is 180 °, and the heating wire (5) is led in from the lower notch (4-3) and led out from the upper notch (4-1).
7. The electric heater assembly of the electric propulsion hollow cathode as claimed in claim 6, wherein the bottom of the heat insulation support (3) is provided with a round hole (3-1), the round hole (3-1) is opposite to the upper notch (4-1), and the heating wire (5) passes through the round hole (3-1) and then is led out from the heater ceramic (4).
8. An electric heater assembly for an electrically propelled hollow cathode according to claim 6, characterized in that the flanging (1-1) is provided with a circular lead-in hole (1-2), and the heater wire (5) is led into the heater ceramic (4) after passing through the circular lead-in hole (1-2).
9. An electric heater assembly for hollow cathode with electric propulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover plate (2) and the heat insulation support (3) are fixedly mounted by electric welding, and the cover plate (2) and the cathode tube (1) are fixedly mounted by electric welding.
10. An electric heater assembly for an electrically propelled hollow cathode according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth of the external thread (4-2) is more than twice the diameter of the heating wire (5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210151593.6A CN114513868B (en) | 2022-02-18 | 2022-02-18 | Electric heater assembly of electric propulsion hollow cathode |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210151593.6A CN114513868B (en) | 2022-02-18 | 2022-02-18 | Electric heater assembly of electric propulsion hollow cathode |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114513868A CN114513868A (en) | 2022-05-17 |
| CN114513868B true CN114513868B (en) | 2022-09-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202210151593.6A Active CN114513868B (en) | 2022-02-18 | 2022-02-18 | Electric heater assembly of electric propulsion hollow cathode |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1027404A (en) * | 1963-03-27 | 1966-04-27 | Rca Corp | Indirectly heated cathode |
| CN101599400A (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2009-12-09 | 中国航天科技集团公司第五研究院第五一○研究所 | A kind of assembly type hollow cathode heater |
| CN102945778A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-02-27 | 电子科技大学 | Hollow cathode assembly |
| CN105006412A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-28 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Ceramic assembly of hollow cathode heater |
| CN108231508A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-29 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | The compound cathode tube and its manufacturing method of a kind of long-life hollow cathode |
| CN109585237A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-04-05 | 上海空间推进研究所 | A kind of novel hollow cathode heater structure |
| CN109599309A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-04-09 | 上海空间推进研究所 | Hollow cathode heater and hollow cathode structure |
| CN109767959A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-05-17 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | A kind of hollow cathode heater of included heat insulation function |
-
2022
- 2022-02-18 CN CN202210151593.6A patent/CN114513868B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1027404A (en) * | 1963-03-27 | 1966-04-27 | Rca Corp | Indirectly heated cathode |
| CN101599400A (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2009-12-09 | 中国航天科技集团公司第五研究院第五一○研究所 | A kind of assembly type hollow cathode heater |
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| CN105006412A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-28 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Ceramic assembly of hollow cathode heater |
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