CN108231508A - The compound cathode tube and its manufacturing method of a kind of long-life hollow cathode - Google Patents
The compound cathode tube and its manufacturing method of a kind of long-life hollow cathode Download PDFInfo
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- CN108231508A CN108231508A CN201711402797.8A CN201711402797A CN108231508A CN 108231508 A CN108231508 A CN 108231508A CN 201711402797 A CN201711402797 A CN 201711402797A CN 108231508 A CN108231508 A CN 108231508A
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- cathode tube
- separation layer
- compound
- cathode
- high temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/24—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases
- H01J9/244—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases specially adapted for cathode ray tubes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of compound cathode tube of long-life hollow cathode, cathode inside pipe wall covering separation layers；Separation layer is all higher than 1800 degrees Celsius, material of the release gas flow less than 10ppm using fusing point and decomposition temperature；Separation layer is provided with working gas channel, and working gas flows through the channel and reaches transmitting body region.The present invention also provides a kind of manufacturing methods of compound cathode tube.It can inhibit erosion of the foreign gas to cathode tube when hollow cathode works using the present invention, improve the working life of cathode tube.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the propulsion systems of spacecraft, more particularly to spacecraft electricity push system hollow cathode
In compound cathode tube and its manufacturing method.
Background technology
With the progress and development of science and technology, the mankind are more deep to space probation, and electric propulsion system is referred to as green
Push Technology has obtained more and more applications in space technology, is mainly used for the Orbit Transformation of spacecraft, track is protected
It holds, gesture stability, control of Electric potentials etc., long-life high reliability is basic demand of the spacecraft to electric propulsion system.
Core component of the hollow cathode as electric propulsion system, service life determine the operation on orbit of electric propulsion system and spacecraft
Service life.Therefore, service life and the functional reliability for improving hollow cathode are very heavy to having in orbit for a long time for spacecraft
The meaning wanted.
Hollow cathode work when need to be passed through certain flow high-purity xenon or other kinds of inert gas as work
Gas, emitter is in the condition of high temperature during work, and emitter is mounted in cathode tube, while is the channel of working gas again,
State in high temperature.Therefore, cathode tube is usually manufactured with refractory metal or alloy material.Tantalum material have fusing point it is high,
Processing performance is good, is easy to the advantages that welding, and commonly selected is cathode tube material.In addition to tantalum and its alloy material, tungsten and its alloy
Material, molybdenum and its alloy material are also the cathode tube material of common hollow cathode.During the use of hollow cathode, work
Gas is directly contacted with the cathode tube of high temperature, therefore, high requirement is proposed to the purity of working gas, this will improve space
The operating cost of aircraft.
Although the purity of current space xenon has been up to more than 99.999%, still there is a small amount of impurity gas in gas
Body, these foreign gas ingredients include hydrogen, carbon monoxide, argon gas, vapor etc..It is long although content only has the concentration of ppm
Phase contacts with the cathode tube of high temperature, still results in the destruction of cathode tube, and cathode inside pipe wall is caused to generate dust, cathode tube intensity
The even significantly damages such as rupture are greatly lowered.
Invention content
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of composite cathode pipe structure of long-life hollow cathode, inhibit in hollow the moon
Erosion of the foreign gas to cathode tube when pole works improves the working life of cathode tube.
A kind of compound cathode tube of long-life hollow cathode, cathode inside pipe wall are not launched the region that body is covered and cover
Lid separation layer；Separation layer is all higher than 1800 degrees Celsius, material of the release gas flow less than 10ppm using fusing point and decomposition temperature；
Separation layer is provided with working gas channel, and working gas flows through the channel and reaches transmitting body region.
Preferably, separation layer (7) is tubular structure.
Preferably, the tubular structure inner wall of separation layer (7) is equipped with rib.
Preferably, separation layer (7) is connect by high temperature filler (8) with cathode tube (1) inner wall.
Preferably, the high temperature filler (8) is using silver-copper brazing alloy, molybdenum ruthenium solder, ramet or tungsten carbide.
Preferably, the cathode tube (1) is more than 1800 degrees Celsius of metal or alloy material manufacture using high-melting-point.
Preferably, cathode tube (1) material uses tantalum, tantalum alloy, tungsten, tungsten alloy, molybdenum or molybdenum alloy.
Preferably, separation layer (7) material is compound using graphite, ceramics or carbon carbon.
Preferably, the ceramics use beryllium oxide ceramics, aluminium oxide ceramics, zirconia ceramics or boron nitride ceramics.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of the compound cathode tube of long-life hollow cathode, using cotton solution
Powdered high temperature filler is tuned into paste, is coated to the separation layer outer wall of cathode inside pipe wall and tubular, then by separation layer plug
Enter cathode tube；Extra high temperature filler is removed after drying, then is heated to that high temperature filler powder is made to be sintered to be formed in a vacuum, is realized
The secured connection of separation layer and cathode tube.
Advantageous effect：
(1) present invention proposes a kind of compound cathode tube structure, and working gas and cathode tube metal material is isolated, reaches
The purpose that cathode tube is protected to be corroded from foreign gas.
(2) it is fixed between separation layer and cathode tube using high temperature filler, connection is indeformable under the high temperature conditions.
(3) preferred technical solution is that separation layer 7 only covers and is not launched the cathode tube inner wall area that body 2 is covered,
So as not to influence the efficiency of heating surface of heater.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 show the traditional structure schematic diagram of hollow cathode；
Fig. 2 show the composite cathode pipe structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 show the composite cathode tube section structure diagram of the present invention；
Illustrate all parts title below：
1- cathode tubes；2- emitters；3- heaters；4- heat shieldings；5- cathodes top；6-, which is touched, holds pole；7- separation layers；8- high temperature is filled out
Material.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The present invention proposes a kind of compound cathode tube structure, and working gas and cathode tube metal material is isolated, reaches guarantor
The purpose that shield cathode tube is corroded from foreign gas.
Fig. 1 show the principle schematic diagram of conventional hollow cathode.One hollow cathode by cathode tube 1, be installed on the moon
Emitter 2 inside pole pipe 1, the heater 3 being installed on outside cathode tube 1 and heat shielding 4, the moon for being installed on 1 top of cathode tube
It pole top 5 and touches and holds pole 6 and formed.Working gas (Xe gas) flow through cathode tube 1, emitter 2, cathode top 6 and touch hold pole 6.It is empty
When the heart-yin pole works, the temperature of emitter is up to 1000 DEG C or more, and the cathode tube contacted also has quite high temperature.Xenon
Gas is inert gas, will not be interacted with the cathode tube metal material of high temperature, but foreign gas therein, is had certain
Chemism, once gas componant such as oxygen, carbon monoxide and steam with oxidisability can gradually aoxidize cathode under high temperature
Tube material forms oxide layer.With tantalum metal material hydrogenation occurs for the hydrogen in foreign gas, generates hydride powder.And
And hydrogen atoms are small, and tantalum metal material can also be made to generate " hydrogen embrittlement " phenomenon, the structural strength of material is greatly lowered.Cause
This, under the erosion of foreign gas, with the extension of working time, not only will appear a large amount of powder in the cathode tube of hollow cathode
Dirt in addition working gas pressure effect under will appear cathode tracheal rupture the phenomenon that.Cathode tracheal rupture will directly be declared hollow
The failure of cathode.And the dust fifth wheel generated enters under the carrying of working gas in emitter, and emitter will be caused to escape
The variation of work(, and then change the running parameter of hollow cathode and electric propulsion system.
Can the erosion problem of cathode tube be solved, but significantly low will carry by the approach for the purity for improving working gas
The cost of high working gas.At present, the purity of xenon is to be increased to more than 99.999%, it is difficult to further improve purity.This
Quarantine measures are taken in invention, stop the direct effect of working gas and cathode tube, can not only improve the service life of cathode tube,
It also is able to reduce the purity requirement to working gas to a certain extent, reduces spacecraft operating cost.
The composite cathode pipe structure of the present invention is as shown in Figure 2.The use of cathode tube 1 high-melting-point (>1800 DEG C) metal or alloy
Material manufacture, these materials include but not limited to tantalum and its alloy, tungsten and its alloy, molybdenum and its alloy.
In order to which working gas and cathode tube metal is isolated, separation layer 7 is covered in cathode inside pipe wall.Separation layer 7 should should also have
Have fusing point it is high (>1800 DEG C), decomposition temperature it is high (>1800 DEG C), release gas few (be less than 10ppm) the features such as, stone can be selected
Ink, ceramics (including but not limited to beryllium oxide ceramics, aluminium oxide ceramics, zirconia ceramics, boron nitride ceramics), carbon carbon composite wood
Material.Separation layer 7 is provided with working gas channel, and working gas flows through the channel and reaches transmitting body region.Separation layer 7 is simplest
Shape is tubular structure, and cylinder internal cavity is exactly working gas channel, it is preferable that rib can be equipped in tubular structure inner wall, from
And increase gas interface.Preferred technical solution is that separation layer 7 only covers and is not launched the cathode inside pipe wall that body 2 is covered
Region, so as not to influence the efficiency of heating surface of heater.
The cathode tube 1 and separation layer 7 of the present invention can both be assembled with tight fit and can also be linked together with high temperature filler, excellent
First select the technical solution (as shown in Figure 3) of high temperature filler connection.Cathode tube 1 and separation layer 7 are connected into one with high temperature filler 8
A entirety.Selected high temperature filler includes but not limited to silver-copper brazing alloy, molybdenum ruthenium solder, ramet, tungsten carbide etc..High-temperature solder
It can be selected according to specific cathode tube material and insolated layer materials.
A specific example is given below：
As shown in Fig. 2, cathode tube 1 is manufactured using tantalum material, emitter 2 is LaB6 cathode material.The hollow cathode
During work, the temperature of emitter 2 is up to 1500 DEG C.In order to which working gas and cathode tube is isolated；Using high purity graphite as isolation
Layer material, separation layer are the cylinder of wall thickness 1mm；High temperature filler material selection tantalum carbide powder material.During assembling, cotton solution is used
Tantalum carbide powder is tuned into paste, cathode inside pipe wall and graphite isolation drum outer wall is coated to, graphite isolating cylinder is then filled in into the moon
Pole pipe；Extra carbonization tantalum material is removed after drying, then be heated to high temperature (1000 DEG C or more) in a vacuum to make tantalum carbide powder
Sintering forms firm filling connection.
In conclusion the foregoing is merely a prefered embodiment of the invention, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. compound cathode tube of long-life hollow cathode, which is characterized in that cathode tube (1) inner wall covering separation layer (7)； Separation layer (7) is all higher than 1800 degrees Celsius, material of the release gas flow less than 10ppm using fusing point and decomposition temperature；Separation layer (7) working gas channel is provided with, working gas flows through the channel and reaches transmitting body region.
- 2. compound cathode tube as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that cathode tube (1) inner wall is not launched body (2) institute The region overlay separation layer (7) of covering.
- 3. compound cathode tube as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that separation layer (7) is tubular structure.
- 4. compound cathode tube as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the tubular structure inner wall of separation layer (7) is equipped with rib Muscle.
- 5. compound cathode tube as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, which is characterized in that separation layer (7) passes through high temperature filler (8) it is connect with cathode tube (1) inner wall.
- 6. compound cathode tube as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the high temperature filler (8) is using silver-copper brazing alloy, molybdenum Ruthenium solder, ramet or tungsten carbide.
- 7. compound cathode tube as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the cathode tube (1) using tantalum, tantalum alloy, tungsten, Tungsten alloy, molybdenum or molybdenum alloy.
- 8. compound cathode tube as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that separation layer (7) material uses graphite, ceramics or carbon Carbon is compound.
- 9. compound cathode tube as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the ceramics are using beryllium oxide ceramics, aluminium oxide Ceramics, zirconia ceramics or boron nitride ceramics.
- 10. a kind of preparation method of the compound cathode tube of long-life hollow cathode, which is characterized in that using cotton solution by powder The high temperature filler of last shape is tuned into paste, separation layer (7) outer wall of cathode tube (1) inner wall and tubular is coated to, then by separation layer (7) cathode tube is filled in；Extra high temperature filler is removed after drying, then is heated to that high temperature filler powder is made to be sintered shape in a vacuum Into realization separation layer (7) and the secured connection of cathode tube (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711402797.8A CN108231508A (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2017-12-22 | The compound cathode tube and its manufacturing method of a kind of long-life hollow cathode |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711402797.8A CN108231508A (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2017-12-22 | The compound cathode tube and its manufacturing method of a kind of long-life hollow cathode |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108231508A true CN108231508A (en) | 2018-06-29 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711402797.8A Pending CN108231508A (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2017-12-22 | The compound cathode tube and its manufacturing method of a kind of long-life hollow cathode |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110137056A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-08-16 | 南华大学 | Suspension heating electronic source component |
| CN111038741A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hectowatt-level aerospace electric propulsion hollow cathode structure |
| CN111911379A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-10 | 成都创元电子有限公司 | Hollow cathode |
| CN114513868A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electric heater assembly of electric propulsion hollow cathode |
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| CN101599400A (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2009-12-09 | 中国航天科技集团公司第五研究院第五一○研究所 | A kind of assembly type hollow cathode heater |
| US20140354138A1 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-12-04 | Colorado State University Research Foundation | 12CaO-7Al2O3 ELECTRIDE HOLLOW CATHODE |
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2017
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101599400A (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2009-12-09 | 中国航天科技集团公司第五研究院第五一○研究所 | A kind of assembly type hollow cathode heater |
| US20140354138A1 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-12-04 | Colorado State University Research Foundation | 12CaO-7Al2O3 ELECTRIDE HOLLOW CATHODE |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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|---|
| EMILY CHU, ET AL: "Reduction of Energetic Ion Production in Hollow Cathodes by External Gas Injection", 《JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER》 * |
| LAUREN P. RAND, ET AL: "A Calcium Aluminate Electride Hollow Cathode", 《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110137056A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-08-16 | 南华大学 | Suspension heating electronic source component |
| CN110137056B (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2023-12-19 | 南华大学 | Suspension heating type electron source assembly |
| CN111038741A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hectowatt-level aerospace electric propulsion hollow cathode structure |
| CN111911379A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-10 | 成都创元电子有限公司 | Hollow cathode |
| CN114513868A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electric heater assembly of electric propulsion hollow cathode |
| CN114513868B (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-09-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Electric heater assembly of electric propulsion hollow cathode |
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Application publication date: 20180629 |
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