CN114504063A - Compound amino acid feed protected by agar coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Compound amino acid feed protected by agar coating and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114504063A
CN114504063A CN202111552829.9A CN202111552829A CN114504063A CN 114504063 A CN114504063 A CN 114504063A CN 202111552829 A CN202111552829 A CN 202111552829A CN 114504063 A CN114504063 A CN 114504063A
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China
Prior art keywords
amino acid
agar
compound amino
acid feed
drying
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CN202111552829.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张文宙
张松发
江静云
邱淑荣
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Chaozhou Dongrao Technology Co ltd
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Chaozhou Dongrao Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111552829.9A priority Critical patent/CN114504063A/en
Publication of CN114504063A publication Critical patent/CN114504063A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K50/00Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/142Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/163Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K30/00Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K40/00Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/30Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of feed processing, and discloses a compound amino acid feed protected by an agar coating and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing dilute hydrochloric acid and bean pulp, packaging the mixture by using a plastic container, sealing and standing the mixture to change protein in the material into amino acid, adding sodium hydroxide solution, uniformly mixing the mixture to perform a neutralization reaction, controlling the pH value of the material to be between 5.5 and 7, and drying and crushing the material to obtain composite amino acid; adding agar into water, heating and boiling to dissolve to obtain agar liquid, cooling, adding edible corn essence powder and antiseptic, and mixing to obtain coating liquid; and spraying the coating liquid on the surface of the compound amino acid, and drying to obtain the compound amino acid feed. The method has the advantages of low production cost and environmental protection. The yield increasing effect of the compound fertilizer for aquaculture such as prawn is obvious, and the compound fertilizer has good application prospect.

Description

Compound amino acid feed protected by agar coating and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of feed processing, and particularly relates to a compound amino acid feed protected by an agar coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the production practice, the bean pulp is directly thrown into a pond for feeding prawns after being crushed by 60 meshes, and the residual materials left after the prawns are not eaten can cause the water body to smell quickly, the pond water change is accelerated, the growth speed is flat, and the prawns are easy to get ill. How to break through and solve the problems, providing a cheap, efficient and safe prawn feed for farmers, and having obvious significance on the feed and the method for ensuring the prawn to grow at a high speed and not to pollute the water environment. According to the targeted research, the method for directly feeding the prawns as the soybean meal is traditional and has the problems.
The protein content in the soybean meal is generally between 41% and 43%, and the modification of the protein into amino acid is a good method. The traditional method for producing amino acid needs large complete equipment, generates a large amount of waste water to be discharged and pollutes the environment. Therefore, the development of a novel method for producing an amino acid is of great significance.
In our earlier patent CN 104222528A, a preparation method of a compound amino acid feed additive is disclosed, which uses bean pulp as raw material, and obtains the compound amino acid feed additive with amino acid content close to 50% through the first fermentation, the second fermentation, hydrolysis and drying. The price of the compound amino acid feed additive prepared by the method can be reduced by over 75 percent, and the additive can be directly mixed in the feed to feed animals, so that the weight of the fed animals can be increased by 5 to 10 percent.
Patent CN 111329069A discloses a preparation method of bean pulp source compound amino acid, which takes bean pulp residues in the processing process of common bean products as raw materials, and adopts hydrochloric acid hydrolysis method to prepare bean pulp hydrolysate, then the hydrolysate is neutralized by NaOH solution to obtain neutralization solution, the neutralization solution is decolored and adsorbed by active carbon, then is adsorbed by cation resin column, and is eluted by ammonia water, concentrated and precipitated to obtain the bean pulp amino acid finished product. The obtained product is mainly applied to the fields of food, medicine and the like. In the field of breeding feed, for example, in the process of breeding prawns, amino acid can be dissolved in water when the feed is put into water, and the prawns have a certain time period in the process of eating the feed, and the amino acid can be lost in the time period. Therefore, how to prepare the compound amino acid feed suitable for aquaculture has obvious economic and social benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a compound amino acid feed protected by an agar envelope. The preparation method of the invention firstly adopts dilute hydrochloric acid to carry out acidolysis on the soybean meal protein at normal temperature and normal pressure to generate amino acid, and then adopts agar liquid to carry out envelope protection on the amino acid, so that the prepared feed is very suitable for aquaculture of aquatic products such as prawns, and the yield increase effect is obvious.
The invention also aims to provide the compound amino acid feed protected by the agar coating prepared by the method.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of compound amino acid feed protected by agar coating comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) uniformly mixing dilute hydrochloric acid and bean pulp, packaging the mixture by using a plastic container, sealing and standing the mixture to change protein in the material into amino acid, adding sodium hydroxide solution, uniformly mixing the mixture to perform a neutralization reaction, controlling the pH value of the material to be between 5.5 and 7, and drying and crushing the material to obtain composite amino acid;
(2) adding agar into water, heating and boiling to dissolve to obtain agar liquid, cooling, adding edible corn essence powder and antiseptic, and mixing to obtain coating liquid;
(3) and (3) spraying the coating liquid obtained in the step (2) on the surface of the compound amino acid obtained in the step (1), and drying to obtain the compound amino acid feed.
Further, the mass concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid in the step (1) is 5-10%; more preferably 8.5%.
Further, the mass ratio of the diluted hydrochloric acid to the soybean meal in the step (1) is 20-30: 100; more preferably 25: 100.
Further, the standing temperature in the step (1) is 15-30 ℃, and the preferred standing time is 240 hours.
Further, the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution in the step (1) is 4-8%; more preferably 5%.
Further, the drying in the step (1) refers to drying in the shade for 8 hours in a shade drying room with air convection control and at the temperature of 45 ℃.
Further, the pulverization in the step (1) means pulverization to 60 mesh.
Further, the mass ratio of the agar to the water added in the step (2) is 1: 11.
Further, the adding amount of the edible corn flavor powder in the step (2) is 0.3 to 0.5 percent of the mass of the agar liquid. The edible corn flavor powder can be used as a phagostimulant for fishes and shrimps, so that the fishes and shrimps prefer to eat the feed.
Further, the preservative in the step (2) is food-grade sodium benzoate, and the adding amount of the preservative is 2% of the mass of the agar liquid. The food-grade sodium benzoate has the function of preserving the agar.
Further, the spraying amount of the coating liquid in the step (3) is 1.5-3% of the mass of the composite amino acid.
Further, the drying in the step (3) refers to air drying in an air drying room with air speed of 5m/s for 1 h.
A compound amino acid feed protected by an agar coating is prepared by the method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method of the invention adopts dilute hydrochloric acid to carry out acidolysis on the soybean meal protein at normal temperature and normal pressure to generate amino acid, does not need high-temperature and high-pressure equipment, and does not discharge waste water. Has the advantages of low production cost and environmental protection.
(2) The method further adopts agar envelope protection for the compound amino acid, can reduce the dissolving speed of the amino acid in water, prevents the loss of the amino acid, is very suitable for the culture of aquatic products such as prawns, and has obvious yield increasing effect.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
The preparation method of the compound amino acid feed protected by the agar coating comprises the following preparation steps:
firstly, preparing compound amino acid:
1. the method is characterized in that dilute hydrochloric acid is uniformly mixed with bean pulp, the dilution amount of the hydrochloric acid is well controlled in the process, the bean pulp can absorb enough water of the dilute hydrochloric acid, and the water can not generate a dripping phenomenon, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the diluted hydrochloric acid has the dilution ratio: 100kg of water, 8.5kg of hydrochloric acid to obtain dilute hydrochloric acid liquid.
(2) The proportion of the soybean meal to the dilute hydrochloric acid is as follows: 100kg of soybean meal, 25kg of dilute hydrochloric acid.
(3) The invention is characterized in that the process is convenient for work and easy to carry, the volume of the container is preferably 0.087 cubic meter, and the plastic container has the function of being protected from humus.
(4) Standing: and standing the uniformly mixed soybean meal for 240 hours at the temperature of between 15 and 30 ℃.
(5) After the process material is kept stand for 240 hours, the protein in the material is changed into amino acid, and the crude fiber and the ash content are not influenced by chemical reaction and still keep original properties.
2. Neutralizing and drying
(1) After the material is kept stand for a long time, the material is deacidified, a neutralization method is adopted, sodium hydroxide (the content is more than 95 percent) is used for dissolving water to obtain a diluted saline water solution, and the specific proportion is as follows: 5kg of sodium hydroxide and 100kg of water. And uniformly mixing the static substance and the sodium hydroxide diluted solution in a specific ratio of 100kg of the static substance to 21kg of the sodium hydroxide diluted solution to generate a neutralization reaction, and adjusting the pH of the static substance to be about 6.
(2) And (3) conveying the neutralized materials to a shade drying room for drying in the shade, preparing air convection control in the shade drying room, controlling the shade drying temperature at 45 ℃, and drying in the shade for 8 hours to obtain the dry compound amino acid.
Secondly, preparing feed particles:
and (2) processing the dried compound amino acid material into 60-mesh particles, putting the particles into water at the moment, dissolving the amino acid in the water, and allowing the prawns to have a time period in the eating process, wherein the amino acid is lost in the time period. In order to prevent the loss of amino acid, the specific method is as follows:
coating with agar as granule
(1) And boiling the agar and water in a water-proof way until the agar and water are dissolved, wherein the ratio of the agar to the water is 10kg of dry agar to 110kg of water, and an agar solution is generated.
(2) Edible corn flavor powder is added into the cooled agar liquid, and the corn flavor is added to be used as a prawn phagostimulant, wherein the addition amount of the agar liquid is 100kg, and the addition amount of the corn flavor powder is 0.4 kg. Adding food grade sodium benzoate as antiseptic in 2%.
(3) The prepared agar liquid is adhered to the surface of 60-mesh amino acid, so that the amino acid material is coated with a thin protective layer. Specifically, a forward mixer is adopted, 100kg of agar liquid is fed each time, and under the condition of forward stirring, the agar liquid is sprayed on the surface of 60-mesh amino acid by a spraying method, wherein the spraying amount of the agar liquid is 1.8 kg.
(4) And (3) placing the processed amino acid material in an air drying room with air speed of 5m per second for air drying for 1 hour to obtain the compound amino acid feed.
The feeding effect test of the compound amino acid feed obtained in the embodiment is carried out. The test pool is a paint pool with an area of about 3300 square meters (5 mu), and the time for starting breeding is 4 months and 21 days in 2021 years. The test method is to feed the 60-mesh compound amino acid feed and the 60-mesh common bean pulp feed prepared by the embodiment to the prawns, the variety of the tested prawns is penaeus vannamei boone, the tested prawns are respectively used as a test group and a control group, the seedling of the tested prawns is 0.5 cm seedling, the feeding time is 55 days, and the total amount of the result is 100 tails and the weight value. The breeding mode is carried out in a common breeding mode at ordinary times. The results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 feeding effect test results
Test items Test group ControlGroup of
Mantissa (random sampling) 100 100
Weight value (g) 974 553
The test result shows that the yield of the test group is increased by 76 percent compared with the control group. The compound amino acid feed has obvious yield increasing effect compared with the common bean pulp feed. The product is being popularized and tested in a large area.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of compound amino acid feed protected by agar coating is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
(1) uniformly mixing dilute hydrochloric acid and bean pulp, packaging the mixture by using a plastic container, sealing and standing the mixture to change protein in the material into amino acid, adding sodium hydroxide solution, uniformly mixing the mixture to perform a neutralization reaction, controlling the pH value of the material to be between 5.5 and 7, and drying and crushing the material to obtain composite amino acid;
(2) adding agar into water, heating and boiling to dissolve to obtain agar liquid, cooling, adding edible corn essence powder and antiseptic, and mixing to obtain coating liquid;
(3) and (3) spraying the coating liquid obtained in the step (2) on the surface of the compound amino acid obtained in the step (1), and drying to obtain the compound amino acid feed.
2. The method for preparing the compound amino acid feed protected by the agar coating according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid in the step (1) is 5-10%; the mass ratio of the diluted hydrochloric acid to the soybean meal is 20-30: 100.
3. The method for preparing the compound amino acid feed protected by the agar coating according to claim 2, wherein the standing temperature in the step (1) is 15-30 ℃, and the standing time is 240 hours.
4. The method for preparing the compound amino acid feed protected by the agar coating according to claim 3, wherein the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution in the step (1) is 4-8%.
5. The method for preparing the compound amino acid feed with the agar coating protection function according to the claim 4, wherein the drying in the step (1) is carried out in a drying room with air convection control at the temperature of 45 ℃ for 8 hours; the pulverization is to 60 meshes.
6. The method for preparing the compound amino acid feed protected by the agar coating according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the agar to the water added in the step (2) is 1: 11; the adding amount of the edible corn flavor powder is 0.3 to 0.5 percent of the mass of the agar liquid.
7. The method for preparing the compound amino acid feed protected by the agar coating according to claim 6, wherein the preservative in the step (2) is food-grade sodium benzoate, and the preservative is added in an amount of 2% of the mass of the agar liquid.
8. The method for preparing the compound amino acid feed protected by the agar coating according to claim 1, wherein the spraying amount of the coating liquid in the step (3) is 1.5 to 3 percent of the mass of the compound amino acid.
9. The method for preparing the compound amino acid feed protected by the agar coating according to claim 8, wherein the drying in the step (3) is air drying in an air drying room with air speed of 5m/s for 1 h.
10. An agar-coated compound amino acid feed prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202111552829.9A 2021-12-17 2021-12-17 Compound amino acid feed protected by agar coating and preparation method thereof Pending CN114504063A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103478505A (en) * 2013-10-15 2014-01-01 南京市水产科学研究所 Soft granulated feed and preparation method thereof
CN104222528A (en) * 2014-10-09 2014-12-24 张义盼 Compound amino acid feed additive and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103478505A (en) * 2013-10-15 2014-01-01 南京市水产科学研究所 Soft granulated feed and preparation method thereof
CN104222528A (en) * 2014-10-09 2014-12-24 张义盼 Compound amino acid feed additive and preparation method thereof

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