CN114499603A - Radio frequency link system based on digital switch matrix and beam forming method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a radio frequency link system based on a digital switch matrix and a beam forming method thereof, relating to the technical field of radar engineering, wherein the system comprises a radio frequency link system transmitting end and a radio frequency link system receiving end; the transmitting/receiving end of the radio frequency link system comprises Q₁/Q₂Digital signal forming device for transmitting/receiving end, signal processing module for transmitting/receiving end and P₁/P₂A transmitting/receiving antenna satisfying Q₁<P₁，Q₂<P₂. By introducing the digital switch matrix unit, the number of radio frequency link elements between the digital switch matrix unit of the transmitting/receiving end and the digital signal former of the transmitting/receiving end is far less than that of transmitting antennas/receiving antennas, so that the manufacturing cost and the running power consumption of the system are reduced; is provided withThe gating parameters of the digital switch matrix unit are set, so that the precision of the system is ensured; and the number of the input ends and the output ends of the digital switch matrix units keeps the degree of freedom, and the system performance requirements of different accuracies are met.

Description

Radio frequency link system based on digital switch matrix and beam forming method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of radar engineering, in particular to a radio frequency link system based on a digital switch matrix and a beam forming method thereof.

Background

With the large-scale application of the 5G technology, there is a strong demand for ultra-high speed data transmission in different scenes, which greatly promotes the research and development of millimeter wave communication. Millimeter wave communication has serious path loss and penetration loss, and needs to provide a sufficient beam gain and a high-precision beam direction in combination with a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) system. Due to the strict limitations on hardware manufacturing cost and system operating power, the hardware structure of the conventional small-scale all-digital MIMO system is difficult to implement in the large-scale MIMO system, and hybrid beamforming as an alternative technique of all-digital beamforming becomes a main research direction for solving the problem faced by the large-scale MIMO system. In the field of radar, phased array radars are being widely used in almost all civil and military fields, such as land-based and sea-based, and are in a growing situation; the phased array system has the general characteristics of large volume, heavy weight, high requirement on the repetition precision of the antenna, high system integration level and higher requirement on the reliability of the system. The main elements in an active phased array system are T/R components, which typically cost 50% to 60% of the total radar, with the remainder being mainly digital back-end processors and the like. The T/R component mainly comprises: the device comprises a local oscillator, an up-down frequency conversion, a filter, a power amplifier, a low noise amplifier, a phase shifter and an attenuator. The T/R components and the digital-to-analog converter, analog-to-digital converter, the rest of the modules of a single link are collectively referred to as a radio frequency link. With the scale of the phased array becoming larger and larger, more and more radio frequency links become main factors for limiting the development of the phased array system, and for solving the problems of hardware manufacturing cost and operation power consumption of the phased array system, the related technology of hybrid beam forming can also be used for reference. There are two typical configurations of hybrid beamforming, including fully-connected configurations and partially-connected configurations. In the fully connected structure, under the condition that the radio frequency link is reduced, in order to fully utilize the beam forming freedom degree provided by the radio frequency link, the radio frequency link is connected to each array element antenna, and each link formed by the radio frequency and the antenna contains 1 analog phase shifter. Existing optimization algorithms can take full advantage of this structure to approximate the corresponding all-digital beamforming vectors, most typically an alternating iterative Algorithm (MO-AltMin Algorithm) based on popular optimization. Compared with a full-digital structure, although the number of radio frequency links is greatly reduced, a large number of analog phase shifters are additionally introduced into the system, and particularly under the condition that the number of antenna array elements is large, the existing structure is not only required to be greatly changed, but also the problem of accuracy caused by too many analog devices exists, and the engineering implementation is difficult. In a partial connection structure, one radio frequency chain is connected with a fixed antenna subarray, the structure can well reduce the cost of hardware manufacturing of large-scale MIMO and active phased arrays, but because the radio frequency chain is connected with the fixed antenna subarray, a radio frequency chain and the connected subarray analog phase shifter thereof are difficult to accurately replace the vector effect of a plurality of radio frequency chains in all-digital beam forming, the larger performance loss exists, and the more the radio frequency chains are reduced, the more the performance loss is serious. In addition, most of the research on hybrid beamforming aims at maximizing the spectrum utilization efficiency, and in the radar field, the beamforming accuracy and the system gain are mainly aimed at. To a certain extent, an algorithm developed by considering a certain performance index alone has application limitation, and the proposed solution cannot guarantee good performance for other performances, so the existing solution cannot effectively balance the requirements of hardware cost and system performance.

The prior art discloses a full-duplex active phased array antenna radio frequency link system and a method for determining transmit-receive isolation. The radio frequency link of the transmitting phased array system consists of a transmitting antenna array surface, a receiving and blocking filter, a power amplifier, a phase shifter, a power divider, a driving power amplifier and a power divider; the radio frequency link of the receiving phased array system consists of a receiving antenna array surface, a transmitting-blocking filter, a low noise amplifier, a phase shifter, an integrated synthesizer, a driving low noise amplifier and a synthesizer. According to the scheme, firstly, a voltage scattering vector is extracted, the power coupled into a radio frequency link of a receiving phased array system is calculated, and the isolation degree of a transmit-stop filter is determined. And simultaneously extracting a voltage reflection vector, calculating the total thermal noise coupled from a radio frequency link of the transmitting phased array system to a receiving antenna array surface, and determining the isolation of the receiving and blocking filter. In the radio frequency link system structure provided by the comparison file, in order to maintain the system performance requirement, each array element antenna corresponds to one radio frequency link, and the number of the radio frequency links is huge, so that the hardware cost and the operation power consumption of the phased array system are higher and higher, and the daily operation and maintenance are not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defect that the hardware cost and the system performance of the radio frequency link system cannot be effectively balanced in the prior art, the invention provides the radio frequency link system based on the digital switch matrix and the beam forming method thereof, which can greatly reduce the manufacturing cost and the operation power consumption of the system on the premise of meeting the requirement of the system performance precision.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the invention provides a radio frequency link system based on a digital switch matrix, which comprises a radio frequency link system transmitting end and a radio frequency link system receiving end;

the transmitting end of the radio frequency link system comprises Q₁Digital signal former of transmitting terminal, signal processing module of transmitting terminal and P₁A plurality of transmitting antennas; q₁The output end of the transmitter digital signal former is respectively connected with the input end of the transmitter signal processing module, and the output end of the transmitter signal processing module is respectively connected with the P₁The input ends of the transmitting antennas are connected, and the transmitting antennas generate transmitting signals;

the transmitting end signal processing module comprises a plurality of transmitting end radio frequency link units and transmitting end digital switch matrix units; each transmitting end radio frequency link unit comprises a plurality of radio frequency link elements which are connected in series, and the connection sequence of the radio frequency link elements in each transmitting end radio frequency link unit is the same; the transmitting end digital switch matrix unit is arranged between any adjacent radio frequency link elements in the transmitting end radio frequency link unit, and the positions in each transmitting end radio frequency link unit are the same;

the number of each radio frequency link element between the output end of the transmitting end digital signal former and the input end of the transmitting end digital switch matrix unit is Q₁The number of each radio frequency link element between the output end of the transmitting end digital switch matrix unit and the input end of the transmitting antenna is P₁A plurality of;

the receiving end of the radio frequency link system comprises P₂Receiving antenna, receiving end signal processing module and Q₂A receiving end digital signal former; p₂A receiving antenna for receiving the transmitted signal, P₂The output end of each receiving antenna is respectively connected with the input end of a receiving end signal processing module, and the output end of the receiving end signal processing module is respectively connected with the Q₂The input end of each receiving end digital signal former is connected with the other receiving end digital signal former, and the receiving end digital signal former generates a final receiving signal;

the receiving end signal processing module comprises a plurality of receiving end radio frequency link units and receiving end digital switch matrix units; each receiving end radio frequency link unit comprises a plurality of radio frequency link elements which are connected in series, and the connection sequence of the radio frequency link elements in each receiving end radio frequency link unit is the same; the receiving end digital switch matrix unit is arranged between any adjacent radio frequency link elements in the receiving end radio frequency link unit, and the positions in each receiving end radio frequency link unit are the same;

the number of each radio frequency link element between the output end of the receiving antenna and the input end of the receiving end digital switch matrix unit is P₂The number of each radio frequency link element between the output end of the receiving end digital switch matrix unit and the input end of the receiving end digital signal former is Q₂A plurality of;

P₁、Q₁、P₂、Q₂are all positive integers satisfying Q₁<P₁，Q₂<P₂。

In the existing full-connection structure, a radio frequency link needs to be connected to each array element antenna, and 1 analog phase shifter is arranged between each radio frequency link and each array element antenna, that is, the number of the array element antennas is equal to that of the radio frequency links, so that the manufacturing cost and the operation power consumption are both large, and the accuracy performance of the system is reduced due to too many analog phase shifters; in the existing partial connection structure, one radio frequency link is simultaneously connected with a fixed antenna subarray, although the number of the radio frequency links is reduced, the vector effect of a plurality of radio frequency links is difficult to accurately and approximately replace by one radio frequency link and the connected subarray simulation phase shifter thereof, so that great performance loss exists, and the more the radio frequency links are reduced, the more the performance loss is serious; according to the invention, the digital switch matrix unit is added in the transmitting end radio frequency link unit and the receiving end radio frequency link unit, and the number of radio frequency link elements between the transmitting end/receiving end digital switch matrix unit and the transmitting end/receiving end digital signal former is far less than that of transmitting antennas/receiving antennas, so that the manufacturing cost and the operation power consumption of the system are greatly reduced; by setting the gating parameters of the digital switch matrix unit, the transmitting terminal/receiving terminal radio frequency link unit and the transmitting antenna/receiving antenna which need to be communicated are selected, so that the precision of the system is ensured; meanwhile, the number of the input ends and the output ends of the digital switch matrix units keeps the degree of freedom, and the system performance requirements of different precisions are met.

The invention also provides a beam forming method of the radio frequency link system based on the digital switch matrix, which comprises the following steps:

s1: the original signal is subjected to amplitude modulation by a transmitting terminal digital signal generator, and a digital signal is output;

s2: the digital signals are input into a transmitting end signal processing module, and a plurality of transmitting end radio frequency link units carry out parameter processing on the digital signals to generate transmitting signals; the transmitting terminal digital switch matrix unit selects transmitting antennas to be communicated and outputs transmitting signals to a transmission channel through the transmitting antennas;

s3: the receiving antenna receives the transmitting signal in the transmission channel and transmits the transmitting signal to the receiving end signal processing module;

s4: the receiving end digital switch matrix unit selects a receiving end radio frequency link unit which needs to be communicated, and the received transmitting signal is subjected to parameter processing by the receiving end radio frequency link unit to generate an initial receiving signal and is output to a receiving end digital signal former;

s5: the initial receiving signal is amplitude modulated by the receiving end digital signal former to generate the final receiving signal.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, the digital switch matrix unit is added in the transmitting end radio frequency link unit and the receiving end radio frequency link unit, and the number of radio frequency link elements between the transmitting end/receiving end digital switch matrix unit and the transmitting end/receiving end digital signal former is far less than that of transmitting antennas/receiving antennas, so that the manufacturing cost and the operation power consumption of the system are greatly reduced; by setting the gating parameters of the digital switch matrix unit, the transmitting terminal/receiving terminal radio frequency link unit and the transmitting antenna/receiving antenna which need to be communicated are selected, so that the precision of the system is ensured; meanwhile, the number of the input ends and the output ends of the digital switch matrix units keeps the degree of freedom, and the system performance requirements of different precisions are met.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency link system based on a digital switch matrix according to embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency link system based on a digital switch matrix according to embodiment 2.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a 23 × 12 digital switch matrix unit according to embodiment 2;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of relative errors of 64 × 64 square antenna arrays under the condition of no insertion loss according to embodiment 2 when the number of radio frequency link units is 1, 6, 11, and 16;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of relative errors of a 64 × 64 square antenna array in the absence of insertion loss according to embodiment 2 when the number of radio frequency link units is 2, 7, 12, and 17;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of relative errors of 64 × 64 square antenna arrays in the absence of insertion loss according to embodiment 2 when the number of radio frequency link units is 3, 8, 13, and 18;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of relative errors of 64 × 64 square antenna arrays in the absence of insertion loss according to embodiment 2 when the number of radio frequency link units is 4, 9, 14, and 19;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of relative errors of 64 × 64 square antenna arrays in the absence of insertion loss according to embodiment 2 when the number of radio frequency link units is 5, 10, 15, and 20;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating relative error amplification when the number of the rf link units of the 64 × 64 square antenna array is 12 under the condition of no insertion loss according to embodiment 2;

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating relative error amplification when the number of the rf link units of the 64 × 64 square antenna array is 13 under the condition of no insertion loss according to embodiment 2;

fig. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating relative error amplification when the number of the rf link units of the 64 × 64 square antenna array is 14 respectively under the condition of no insertion loss according to embodiment 2;

fig. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison of relative errors when the number of the rf link units of the system of this embodiment is 13 and the number of the rf links of the fixed subarray structure is 32 in a 64 × 64 square antenna array under the condition of no insertion loss according to embodiment 2;

fig. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison of spectrum efficiencies under different signal-to-noise ratios when the number of radio frequency link units of the system of this embodiment is 13 and the number of radio frequency links of the fixed subarray structure is 32 in a 64 × 64 square antenna array under the condition of no insertion loss described in embodiment 2;

fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a local amplification of the spectrum efficiency under different signal-to-noise ratios when the number of the radio frequency link units of the system is 13 and the number of the radio frequency links of the fixed subarray structure is 32 in the 64 × 64 square antenna array under the condition of no insertion loss described in embodiment 2;

fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a comparison of relative errors when the number of the radio frequency link units of the system of this embodiment is 16 and the number of the radio frequency links of the fixed subarray structure is 16 in a 64 × 64 square antenna array under the condition of no insertion loss described in embodiment 2;

fig. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison of spectrum efficiencies under different signal-to-noise ratios when the number of radio frequency link units of the system of this embodiment is 16 and the number of radio frequency links of the fixed subarray structure is 16 in a 64 × 64 square antenna array under the condition of no insertion loss described in embodiment 2;

fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a local amplification of the spectrum efficiency under different signal-to-noise ratios when the number of the radio frequency link units of the system is 16 and the number of the radio frequency links of the fixed subarray structure is 16 in the 64 × 64 square antenna array under the condition of no insertion loss described in embodiment 2;

fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of relative errors of the 144 × 144 square antenna array in the non-insertion condition according to embodiment 2 when the number of radio frequency link units is 1, 6, 11, and 16;

fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of relative errors of the 144 × 144 square antenna array in the non-insertion condition according to embodiment 2 when the number of radio frequency link units is 2, 7, 12, and 17;

fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of relative errors of the 144 × 144 square antenna array in the non-insertion condition according to embodiment 2 when the number of radio frequency link units is 3, 8, 13, and 18;

fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of relative errors of the 144 × 144 square antenna array in the non-insertion condition according to embodiment 2 when the number of radio frequency link units is 4, 9, 14, and 19;

fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of relative errors of the 144 × 144 square antenna array in the non-insertion condition according to embodiment 2 when the number of radio frequency link units is 5, 10, 15, and 20;

fig. 23 is a schematic diagram illustrating relative error amplification when the number of rf link units of the 144 × 144 square antenna array is 19 respectively under the condition of no insertion loss according to embodiment 2;

fig. 24 is a schematic diagram illustrating relative error amplification when the number of rf link units of the 144 × 144 square antenna array is 20 respectively under the condition of no insertion loss according to embodiment 2;

fig. 25 is a schematic diagram illustrating relative error amplification when the number of rf link units of the 144 × 144 square antenna array is 21 respectively under the condition of no insertion loss according to embodiment 2;

fig. 26 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison of relative errors when the number of rf link units of the system is 21 and the number of rf links of the fixed subarray structure is 36 in a 144 × 144 square antenna array in the absence of insertion loss according to embodiment 2;

fig. 27 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison of spectral efficiencies under different signal-to-noise ratios when the number of rf link units of the system is 21 and the number of rf links of the fixed subarray structure is 36 in a 144 × 144 square antenna array in the absence of insertion loss according to embodiment 2;

fig. 28 is a schematic view of a 144 × 144 square antenna array under the condition of no insertion loss in embodiment 2, where the number of radio frequency link units of the system is 21 and the number of radio frequency links of the fixed subarray structure is 36, and the local amplification of the spectrum efficiency under different signal-to-noise ratios is illustrated;

fig. 29 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison of relative errors when the number of rf link units of the system is 24 and the number of rf links of the fixed subarray structure is 24 in a 144 × 144 square antenna array in the absence of insertion loss according to embodiment 2;

fig. 30 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison of spectral efficiencies under different signal-to-noise ratios when the number of rf link units of the system is 24 and the number of rf links of the fixed subarray structure is 24 in a 144 × 144 square antenna array in the absence of insertion loss according to embodiment 2;

fig. 31 is a schematic diagram of a local amplification of spectral efficiency under different signal-to-noise ratios when the number of rf link units of the system is 24 and the number of rf links of the fixed subarray structure is 24 in a 144 × 144 square antenna array in the absence of insertion loss according to embodiment 2;

fig. 32 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency link system based on a digital switch matrix according to embodiment 3;

fig. 33 is a flowchart of a beam forming method of the rf link system based on the digital switch matrix according to embodiment 4.

Detailed Description

The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;

for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product;

it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Example 1

The present embodiment provides a radio frequency link system based on a digital switch matrix, as shown in fig. 1, including a radio frequency link system transmitting end and a radio frequency link system receiving end;

the transmitting end of the radio frequency link system comprises Q₁Digital signal former of transmitting terminal, signal processing module of transmitting terminal and P₁A plurality of transmitting antennas; q₁The output end of the transmitter digital signal former is respectively connected with the input end of the transmitter signal processing module, and the output end of the transmitter signal processing module is respectively connected with the P₁The input ends of the transmitting antennas are connected, and the transmitting antennas generate transmitting signals;

the transmitting terminal signal processing module comprises a plurality of transmitting terminal radio frequency link units and transmitting terminal digital switch matrix units; each transmitting end radio frequency link unit comprises a plurality of radio frequency link elements which are connected in series, and the connection sequence of the radio frequency link elements in each transmitting end radio frequency link unit is the same; the transmitting end digital switch matrix unit is arranged between any adjacent radio frequency link elements in the transmitting end radio frequency link unit, and the positions in each transmitting end radio frequency link unit are the same;

the number of each radio frequency link element between the output end of the transmitting end digital signal former and the input end of the transmitting end digital switch matrix unit is Q₁The number of each radio frequency link element between the output end of the transmitting end digital switch matrix unit and the input end of the transmitting antenna is P₁A plurality of;

the receiving end of the radio frequency link system comprises P₂Receiving antenna, receiving end signal processing module and Q₂A receiving end digital signal former; p₂A receiving antenna for receiving the transmitted signal, P₂The output end of each receiving antenna is respectively connected with the input end of a receiving end signal processing module, and the output end of the receiving end signal processing module is respectively connected with the Q₂The input ends of the receiving end digital signal formers are connected, and the receiving end digital signal formers generate final receiving signals;

the receiving end signal processing module comprises a plurality of receiving end radio frequency link units and receiving end digital switch matrix units; each receiving end radio frequency link unit comprises a plurality of radio frequency link elements which are connected in series, and the connection sequence of the radio frequency link elements in each receiving end radio frequency link unit is the same; the receiving end digital switch matrix unit is arranged between any adjacent radio frequency link elements in the receiving end radio frequency link unit, and the positions in each receiving end radio frequency link unit are the same;

the number of each radio frequency link element between the output end of the receiving antenna and the input end of the receiving end digital switch matrix unit is P₂The number of each radio frequency link element between the output end of the receiving end digital switch matrix unit and the input end of the receiving end digital signal former is Q₂A plurality of;

P₁、Q₁、P₂、Q₂are all positive integers satisfying Q₁<P₁，Q₂<P₂。

In the specific implementation, P₁And P₂The number of the active carbon particles can be set according to actual requirements, and can be equal or unequal; q₁And Q₂The number of the groups is also set according to the requirement, and the groups can be equal or unequal; in the embodiment, the digital switch matrix unit is added in the transmitting end radio frequency link unit and the receiving end radio frequency link unit, and the number of radio frequency link elements between the transmitting end/receiving end digital switch matrix unit and the transmitting end/receiving end digital signal former is far less than that of transmitting antennas/receiving antennas, so that the manufacturing cost and the running power consumption of the system are greatly reduced; by setting the gating parameters of the digital switch matrix unit, the transmitting terminal/receiving terminal radio frequency link unit and the transmitting antenna/receiving antenna which need to be communicated are selected, so that the precision of the system is ensured; meanwhile, the number of the input ends and the output ends of the digital switch matrix units keeps the degree of freedom, and the system performance requirements of different precisions are met.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a radio frequency link system based on a digital switch matrix, which comprises a radio frequency link system transmitting end and a radio frequency link system receiving end;

the transmitting end of the radio frequency link system comprises Q₁Digital signal former of transmitting terminal, signal processing module of transmitting terminal and P₁A plurality of transmitting antennas; q₁The output end of the transmitter digital signal former is respectively connected with the input end of the transmitter signal processing module, and the output end of the transmitter signal processing module is respectively connected with the P₁The input ends of the transmitting antennas are connected, and the transmitting antennas generate transmitting signals;

the transmitting terminal signal processing module comprises a plurality of transmitting terminal radio frequency link units and transmitting terminal digital switch matrix units; each transmitting end radio frequency link unit comprises a plurality of radio frequency link elements which are connected in series, and the connection sequence of the radio frequency link elements in each transmitting end radio frequency link unit is the same; the transmitting end digital switch matrix unit is arranged between any adjacent radio frequency link elements in the transmitting end radio frequency link unit, and the positions in each transmitting end radio frequency link unit are the same;

the number of each radio frequency link element between the output end of the transmitting end digital signal former and the input end of the transmitting end digital switch matrix unit is Q₁The number of each radio frequency link element between the output end of the transmitting end digital switch matrix unit and the input end of the transmitting antenna is P₁A plurality of;

the receiving end of the radio frequency link system comprises P₂Receiving antenna, receiving end signal processing module and Q₂A receiving end digital signal former; p₂A receiving antenna for receiving the transmitted signal, P₂The output end of each receiving antenna is respectively connected with the input end of a receiving end signal processing module, and the output end of the receiving end signal processing module is respectively connected with the Q₂The input end of each receiving end digital signal former is connected with the other receiving end digital signal former, and the receiving end digital signal former generates a final receiving signal;

the receiving end signal processing module comprises a plurality of receiving end radio frequency link units and receiving end digital switch matrix units; each receiving end radio frequency link unit comprises a plurality of radio frequency link elements which are connected in series, and the connection sequence of the radio frequency link elements in each receiving end radio frequency link unit is the same; the receiving end digital switch matrix unit is arranged between any adjacent radio frequency link elements in the receiving end radio frequency link unit, and the positions in each receiving end radio frequency link unit are the same;

the number of each radio frequency link element between the output end of the receiving antenna and the input end of the receiving end digital switch matrix unit is P₂The number of each radio frequency link element between the output end of the receiving end digital switch matrix unit and the input end of the receiving end digital signal former is Q₂A plurality of;

P₁、Q₁、P₂、Q₂are all positive integers satisfying Q₁<P₁，Q₂<P₂。

A plurality of radio frequency link elements connected in series in each transmitting end radio frequency link unit comprise a digital-to-analog converter, a first mixer, a power amplifier and a first phase shifter; the connection sequence is that the digital-to-analog converter, the first mixer, the power amplifier and the first phase shifter are connected in sequence; the input end of the digital-to-analog converter is used as the input end of the transmitting end signal processing module and Q₁The output end of the transmitter digital signal former is connected with the output end of the first phase shifter as the output end of the transmitter signal processing module and P₁The input ends of the transmitting antennas are connected.

The plurality of radio frequency link elements connected in series in each receiving end radio frequency link unit comprise a second phase shifter, a low noise amplifier, a second frequency mixer and an analog-to-digital converter; the second phase shifter, the low noise amplifier, the second frequency mixer and the analog-to-digital converter are connected in sequence; the input end of the second phase shifter is used as the input end of the receiving end signal processing module and P₂The output end of each receiving antenna is connected with the output end of the analog-to-digital converter, and the output ends of the analog-to-digital converters are used as the output ends of the receiving end signal processing modules and are respectively connected with the Q₂The input ends of the receiving end digital signal generators are connected.

The first phase shifter is a high power phase shifter.

The second phase shifter is a low power phase shifter.

The radio frequency link elements in each transmitting end radio frequency link unit and each receiving end radio frequency link unit also comprise local oscillators;

in each transmitting end radio frequency link unit or receiving end radio frequency link unit, a local oscillator is connected with a first mixer or a second mixer, and the local oscillator generates an oscillating signal to be injected into the first mixer or the second mixer.

As shown in fig. 2, taking the example of accessing the digital switch matrix unit at the transmitting end between the power amplifier and the first phase shifter and the digital switch matrix unit at the receiving end between the second phase shifter and the low noise amplifier, the original signal X is input to the transmitting end of the radio frequency link system, and the digital signal former at the transmitting end performs amplitude modulation on the original signal X to generate a digital signal F_BBX; the function of the D/A converter is to convert the digital signal F_BBConverting X into analog signal, converting to corresponding high frequency and power level by adding a first mixer and a power amplifier of a local oscillator, selecting and connecting a transmitting antenna to be connected by a transmitting terminal digital switch matrix unit, and finally performing phase modulation by a high-power phase shifter to form a transmitting signal F_RFF_BBX and transmitted to the transmission channel through the transmit antenna. The transmission channel matrix is marked as H, and the transmission signal propagated in the transmission channel is HF_RFF_BBX; the signal received by the receiving antenna comprises a transmitted signal propagating in the transmission channel and noise HF_RFF_BBX + n, phase-modulating by low-power phase shifter, and outputting

The receiving end radio frequency link unit which needs to be communicated is selected and communicated through a receiving end digital switch matrix unit, the receiving end radio frequency link unit is transmitted to a low noise amplifier and a second mixer which is connected to a local oscillator for noise reduction and frequency modulation, an analog signal is converted into an initial receiving signal in a digital signal format through an analog-to-digital converter, finally amplitude modulation is carried out through a receiving end digital signal former, and a final receiving signal is output

In this embodiment, the transmitting end is digitally turned onThe digital-to-analog converter, the first mixer, the local oscillator and the power amplifier between the correlation matrix unit and the transmitting end digital signal former are all Q₁The number of first phase shifters between the digital switch matrix unit at the transmitting end and the transmitting antenna is P₁A plurality of; the number of the second phase shifters between the receiving end digital switch matrix unit and the receiving antenna is P₂The number of the low noise amplifier, the second mixer, the local oscillator and the analog-to-digital converter between the receiving end digital switch matrix unit and the transmitting end digital signal former is Q₂A plurality of; q₁Is much less than P₁Value of (A), Q₂Is much less than P₂The present embodiment greatly reduces the manufacturing cost and the operation power consumption of the system, and meanwhile, the number of the input ends and the output ends of the digital switch matrix units remains the degree of freedom to meet the system performance requirements of different precisions.

As shown in fig. 3, the schematic structure of the digital switch matrix unit 23 × 12, in actual industrial production, the digital switch matrix unit manufactured by the high-performance relay can reach the performance indexes in the following table:

frequency (MHz)	Insertion loss (dB)
		500	＜0.3
2500	＜0.7
		4000	＜1.0
8000	＜1.5
		10000	＜2.0

For the insertion loss of the digital switch matrix unit under different frequencies, the corresponding amplitude compensation coefficient and power compensation coefficient can be obtained from the following table:

frequency (MHz)	Insertion loss (dB)	Amplitude loss	Amplitude compensation coefficient	Coefficient of power compensation
					500	0.3	0.9661	1.0351	1.0714
2500	0.7	0.9226	1.0839	1.1748
					4000	1.0	0.8913	1.1220	1.2588
8000	1.5	0.8414	1.1885	1.4125
					10000	2.0	0.7943	1.2590	1.5850

Amplitude compensation coefficient: under the condition of insertion loss caused by different frequencies, the performance loss caused by introducing a digital switch matrix into a system can be counteracted by increasing the voltage (amplitude) value of an amplitude compensation coefficient by multiple times.

Power compensation coefficient: under the condition of insertion loss caused by different frequencies, the performance loss caused by introducing a digital switch matrix into a system can be offset by increasing the power value of a power compensation coefficient by multiple times.

Experiments are set to verify that the performance of the radio frequency link system based on the digital switch matrix provided by the embodiment is respectively set with two scenes, wherein one scene comprises 64 transmitting antennas and 64 receiving antennas, namely 64 × 64 square antenna arrays; another scenario is 144 transmitting antennas and 144 receiving antennas, i.e. 128 × 128 square antenna array, i.e. setting P₁＝P₂，Q₁＝Q₂In the illustration of the experimental results, Q is₁、Q₂Recording as Q; obtaining an optimal transmitting all-digital beam forming vector F by performing singular value decomposition on a channel matrix modeled by a Saleh-Vallenzuela (S-V) channel model_optAnd an optimum jointReceive digital beamforming vector W_optWherein the number of scattering clusters of the channel is 5, and each scattering cluster comprises 10 propagation paths; each experimental scene is subjected to 1000 Monte Carlo experiments to obtain an average result, and the spectrum efficiency and the optimal transmitting all-digital beam forming vector F of the system provided by the embodiment are compared with the full-digital structure and the fixed sub-array structure_optBeamforming vector F obtained in the present embodiment_pcsThe relative error of the modulus value of (d); the method comprises the following specific steps:

ST 1: performing singular value decomposition on the channel matrix H: h ═ U ∑ V^HThe first column of the V, U matrix is the optimal transmit all-digital beamforming vector F_optAnd optimal receive all-digital beamforming vector W_opt；

ST 2: extracting phase information of the target vector, and assigning the phase value to the phase shifter to obtain a transmission analog beam forming vector F_RF；

ST 3: finding optimal transmit full-digital beamforming vector F_optA maximum value M and a minimum value M of the amplitude of (d);

ST 4: grouping the number of the radio frequency link units according to the interval [ M, M ] to obtain a grouping subinterval, and grouping amplitude values of all target vectors according to the grouping subinterval to generate switching data of a digital switching matrix unit;

ST 5: selecting an optimal amplitude value in each grouping subinterval to approximately substitute all amplitude values in the grouping subinterval, wherein the optimal amplitude value is

Namely, the transmitting digital beam forming vector F is obtained_BB(ii) a i represents that i target vector amplitude values exist in the grouping subinterval;

repeating steps ST1-ST5 to obtain a received digital beamforming vector W_BBAnd receiving the analog beamforming vector W_RF；

ST 6: calculating the frequency spectrum efficiency of the all-digital structure, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:

ST 7: calculating the spectral efficiency of the system provided by the embodiment, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:

ST 8: computing optimal transmit all-digital beamforming vector F_optBeamforming vector F obtained in the present embodiment_pcsThe calculation method of the relative error of the modulus value is as follows:

where ε represents the relative error, ρ represents the transmit power, n is the independent and identically distributed Gaussian noise, the mean is 0, and the variance is

The original signal satisfies Ee [ XX^H]＝1；

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing relative errors of 64 × 64 square antenna arrays under the condition of no insertion loss when the number of radio frequency link units is 1, 6, 11, and 16; fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing relative errors of 64 × 64 square antenna arrays under the condition of no insertion loss when the number of radio frequency link units is 2, 7, 12, and 17; fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing relative errors of 64 × 64 square antenna arrays under the condition of no insertion loss when the number of radio frequency link units is 3, 8, 13, and 18; fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing relative errors of 64 × 64 square antenna arrays under the condition of no insertion loss when the number of radio frequency link units is 4, 9, 14, and 19; fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing relative errors of 64 × 64 square antenna arrays under the condition of no insertion loss when the number of radio frequency link units is 5, 10, 15, and 20; fig. 9-11 are schematic diagrams illustrating relative error amplification when the number of rf link units is 12, 13, and 14 for a 64 × 64 square antenna array without insertion loss. In fig. 4-8, the relative errors when the number of the radio frequency link units is 1-20 are compared, and it can be seen from the figures that the relative errors are smaller and smaller as the number of the radio frequency link units increases, and it can be seen from fig. 9-11 that the descending amplitude values are also gradually reduced; therefore, the minimum number of radio frequency link units is selected as the final result on the premise of meeting the system performance requirement. As shown in fig. 12, the schematic diagram shows a comparison of relative errors when the number of the system radio frequency link units is 13 and the number of the fixed subarray radio frequency links is 32, for a 64 × 64 square antenna array under the condition of no insertion loss; as can be seen from the figure, the relative error of the fixed subarray structure is about 5 times that of the system provided by the present embodiment; as shown in fig. 13, the schematic diagram shows a comparison of spectrum efficiencies under different signal-to-noise ratios when the number of radio frequency link units of the system is 13 and the number of radio frequency links of the fixed subarray structure is 32, for a 64 × 64 square antenna array under the condition of no insertion loss; fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a local amplification of spectrum efficiency under different signal-to-noise ratios when the number of radio frequency link units of the system is 13 and the number of radio frequency links of the fixed subarray structure is 32, where the number of the radio frequency link units is 64 × 64 square antenna arrays under the condition of no insertion loss; as can be seen from fig. 13-14, the spectral efficiency of the system provided by the present embodiment is substantially equal to the full digital approximation, while the spectral efficiency of the fixed subarray structure is poor; as shown in fig. 15, the schematic diagram is a 64 × 64 square antenna array under the condition of no insertion loss, when the number of the system radio frequency link units is 16 and the number of the fixed subarray structure radio frequency links is 16, the relative error comparison is performed; as can be seen from the figure, the relative error of the fixed subarray structure is about 10 times that of the system provided by the present embodiment; as shown in fig. 16, the schematic diagram illustrates a comparison of spectrum efficiencies under different signal-to-noise ratios when the number of radio frequency link units of the system is 16 and the number of radio frequency links of the fixed subarray structure is 16, where the number of the radio frequency links is 64 × 64 square antenna arrays under the condition of no insertion loss; fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a local amplification of spectrum efficiency under different signal-to-noise ratios when the number of radio frequency link units of the system is 16 and the number of radio frequency links of the fixed subarray structure is 16, where the number of the radio frequency links is 64 × 64 square antenna arrays under the condition of no insertion loss; as can be seen from fig. 16-17, the spectral efficiency of the system provided by this embodiment is approximately equal to full digital, while the spectral efficiency of the fixed subarray structure is poor.

Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of relative errors of 144 × 144 square antenna arrays under the condition of no insertion loss, when the number of radio frequency link units is 1, 6, 11, and 16; fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of relative errors of 144 × 144 square antenna arrays under the condition of no insertion loss, when the number of radio frequency link units is 2, 7, 12, and 17; fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of relative errors of 144 × 144 square antenna arrays under the condition of no insertion loss, when the number of radio frequency link units is 3, 8, 13, and 18; fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of relative errors of 144 × 144 square antenna arrays under the condition of no insertion loss, when the number of radio frequency link units is 4, 9, 14, and 19; fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of relative errors of 144 × 144 square antenna arrays under the condition of no insertion loss, when the number of radio frequency link units is 5, 10, 15, and 20; fig. 23-25 are schematic diagrams illustrating relative error amplification when the number of rf link elements is 19, 20, and 21 for a 144 × 144 square antenna array without insertion loss. In fig. 18-22, the relative errors of the number of the rf link units from 1 to 20 are compared, and it can be seen from the figure that the relative errors become smaller as the number of the rf link units increases, and it can be seen from fig. 23-25 that the descending amplitude values also gradually decrease; therefore, the minimum number of radio frequency link units is selected as the final result on the premise of meeting the system performance requirement. As shown in fig. 26, the schematic diagram shows a comparison of relative errors when the number of rf link units of the system is 21 and the number of rf links of the fixed subarray structure is 36 in a 144 × 144 square antenna array under the condition of no insertion loss; as can be seen from the figure, the relative error of the fixed subarray structure is about 7 times that of the system provided by the present embodiment; as shown in fig. 27, the schematic diagram illustrates a comparison of spectrum efficiencies under different signal-to-noise ratios when the number of system radio frequency link units is 21 and the number of fixed subarray structure radio frequency links is 36 in a 144 × 144 square antenna array under the condition of no insertion loss; fig. 28 shows a schematic diagram of a local amplification of spectral efficiency under different signal-to-noise ratios when the number of rf link units of the system is 21 and the number of rf links of the fixed subarray structure is 36 in a 144 × 144 square antenna array under the condition of no insertion loss; as can be seen from fig. 27-28, the spectral efficiency of the system provided by the present embodiment is substantially equal to the full digital approximation, while the spectral efficiency of the fixed subarray structure is poor; as shown in fig. 29, the schematic diagram is a comparison diagram of relative errors when the number of the system radio frequency link units is 24 and the number of the fixed subarray structure radio frequency links is 24, for a 144 × 144 square antenna array under the condition of no insertion loss; as can be seen from the figure, the relative error of the fixed subarray structure is about 10 times that of the system provided by the present embodiment; as shown in fig. 30, the schematic diagram is a comparison diagram of spectral efficiencies under different signal-to-noise ratios when the number of rf link units of the system is 24 and the number of rf links of the fixed subarray structure is 24 in a 144 × 144 square antenna array under the condition of no insertion loss; fig. 31 is a schematic diagram of a local amplification of spectral efficiency under different signal-to-noise ratios when the number of rf link units of the system is 24 and the number of rf links of the fixed subarray structure is 24, where 144 × 144 square antenna arrays are under the condition of no insertion loss; as can be seen from fig. 30-31, the spectral efficiency of the system provided by this embodiment is approximately equal to full digital, while the spectral efficiency of the fixed subarray structure is poor. As can be seen from fig. 12, 15, 26 and 29, when the number of radio frequency links of both structures is the same or the number of radio frequency links of the fixed subarray structure is larger, the relative error is 5 to 10 times larger than that of the system provided by the present embodiment.

In the experimental result, the optimal transmitting all-digital beam forming vector F is selected_optBeamforming vector F obtained in the present embodiment_pcsThe average value of the relative error of the modulus of (a) is lower than 0.05 (which can be selected according to the actual system performance requirement) is used as the optimal approximate solution. From the experimental results, it can be seen that, for a 64 × 64 square antenna array, the number of the minimum radio frequency link units when the approximately optimal beamforming vector is reached is 13; for a 144 x 144 square antenna array, the minimum number of radio link elements to achieve an approximately optimal beamforming vector is 21. When the insertion loss caused by the digital switch matrix unit is not considered, the number of the radio frequency link units of the 64 × 64 square antenna array is 13 in the embodiment, and the number of the radio frequency links of the conventional fixed subarray is 32, the spectrum utilization efficiency of the full digital structure is 6.2992(bits/s/Hz) at-12.5 dB, the spectrum utilization efficiency of the embodiment is 6.29526(bits/s/Hz), and the fixed subarray is fixedThe frequency spectrum utilization efficiency of the subarray structure is 6.17973(bits/s/Hz), and even if 19 radio frequency links are additionally arranged under the traditional structure, the frequency spectrum efficiency is still lower than that of the system provided by the embodiment. For a 64 x 64 square antenna array, the system provided by the present embodiment reduces the number of rf links by 79.7% relative to the full digital architecture. When the insertion loss caused by the digital switch matrix unit is not considered, 144 × 144 square antenna array, the tree number of the radio frequency link unit of the embodiment is 21, and the number of the radio frequency links of the conventional fixed subarray structure is 36, the spectrum utilization efficiency of the full digital structure is 8.27943(bits/s/Hz) at-12.5 dB, the spectrum utilization efficiency of the embodiment is 8.27785(bits/s/Hz), the spectrum utilization efficiency of the fixed subarray structure is 8.0948(bits/s/Hz), and even if 15 additional radio frequency links are added under the conventional structure, the spectrum efficiency is still lower than that of the system provided by the embodiment. For a 144 x 144 square antenna array, the system provided by this embodiment is reduced by 85.4% relative to the number of rf links in the all-digital architecture.

In this embodiment, by adding the digital switch matrix unit, the number of radio frequency link elements between the transmitting end/receiving end digital switch matrix unit and the transmitting end/receiving end digital signal former is far smaller than the number of transmitting antennas/receiving antennas, so that the manufacturing cost and the operating power consumption of the system are greatly reduced, but the performance index of the power amplifier needs to be increased, and the phase shifter also needs to have higher power tolerance; the optimal target vector is directly and approximately replaced, and the method has universality for different system performance requirements; meanwhile, the number of the input ends and the output ends of the digital switch matrix units keeps the degree of freedom, and the system performance requirements of different precisions are met.

Example 3

The present embodiment provides a radio frequency link system based on a digital switch matrix, as shown in fig. 32; compared with the embodiment 2, the difference is that:

a plurality of radio frequency link elements connected in series in each transmitting end radio frequency link unit comprise a digital-to-analog converter, a first mixer, a power amplifier and a first phase shifter; the connection sequence is digital-to-analog converter, first mixer, first phase shifter and workThe rate amplifiers are connected in sequence; the input end of the digital-to-analog converter is used as the input end of the transmitting end signal processing module and Q₁The output end of the digital signal former of the transmitting end is connected, and the output end of the power amplifier is used as the output end of the signal processing module of the transmitting end and is connected with the P₁The input ends of the transmitting antennas are connected.

The plurality of radio frequency link elements connected in series in each receiving end radio frequency link unit comprise a second phase shifter, a low noise amplifier, a second frequency mixer and an analog-to-digital converter; the low noise amplifier, the second phase shifter, the second frequency mixer and the analog-to-digital converter are connected in sequence; the input end of the low noise amplifier is used as the input end of the receiving end signal processing module and P₂The output end of each receiving antenna is connected with the output end of the analog-to-digital converter, and the output ends of the analog-to-digital converters are used as the output ends of the receiving end signal processing modules and are respectively connected with the Q₂The input ends of the receiving end digital signal generators are connected.

The first phase shifter and the second phase shifter are both low-power phase shifters.

In the embodiment, by adding the digital switch matrix unit, the number of radio frequency link elements between the transmitting end/receiving end digital switch matrix unit and the transmitting end/receiving end digital signal former is far less than that of transmitting antennas/receiving antennas, so that the manufacturing cost and the running power consumption of the system are greatly reduced; although the number of the radio frequency link elements is reduced compared with that of the embodiment 2, the insertion loss of the digital switch matrix unit is smaller under the low-frequency condition, and the rest radio frequency link elements do not need to be changed greatly, so that the improvement of the existing MIMO system and the phased array system is facilitated, and the method multiple of the power amplifier is smaller than that of the power amplifier in the embodiment 2. The optimal target vector is directly and approximately replaced, and the method has universality for different system performance requirements; meanwhile, the number of the input ends and the output ends of the digital switch matrix units keeps the degree of freedom, and the system performance requirements of different precisions are met.

Example 4

The embodiment provides a beam forming method of a radio frequency link system based on a digital switch matrix, as shown in fig. 33, including:

s1: the original signal is subjected to amplitude modulation by a transmitting terminal digital signal generator, and a digital signal is output;

s2: the digital signals are input into a transmitting end signal processing module, and a plurality of transmitting end radio frequency link units carry out parameter processing on the digital signals to generate transmitting signals; the transmitting terminal digital switch matrix unit selects transmitting antennas to be communicated and outputs transmitting signals to a transmission channel through the transmitting antennas;

s3: the receiving antenna receives the transmitting signal in the transmission channel and transmits the transmitting signal to the receiving end signal processing module;

s4: the receiving end digital switch matrix unit selects a receiving end radio frequency link unit which needs to be communicated, and the received transmitting signal is subjected to parameter processing by the receiving end radio frequency link unit to generate an initial receiving signal and is output to a receiving end digital signal former;

s5: the initial receiving signal is amplitude modulated by the receiving end digital signal former to generate the final receiving signal.

The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar parts;

the terms describing positional relationships in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;

it should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A radio frequency link system based on a digital switch matrix is characterized by comprising a radio frequency link system transmitting end and a radio frequency link system receiving end;

the transmitting end of the radio frequency link system comprises Q₁Digital signal form of individual transmitting terminalSynthesizer, transmitting end signal processing module and P₁A plurality of transmitting antennas; q₁The output end of the transmitter digital signal former is respectively connected with the input end of the transmitter signal processing module, and the output end of the transmitter signal processing module is respectively connected with the P₁The input ends of the transmitting antennas are connected, and the transmitting antennas generate transmitting signals;

the transmitting end signal processing module comprises a plurality of transmitting end radio frequency link units and transmitting end digital switch matrix units; each transmitting end radio frequency link unit comprises a plurality of radio frequency link elements which are connected in series, and the connection sequence of the radio frequency link elements in each transmitting end radio frequency link unit is the same; the transmitting end digital switch matrix unit is arranged between any adjacent radio frequency link elements in the transmitting end radio frequency link unit, and the positions in each transmitting end radio frequency link unit are the same;

the number of each radio frequency link element between the output end of the transmitting end digital signal former and the input end of the transmitting end digital switch matrix unit is Q₁The number of each radio frequency link element between the output end of the transmitting end digital switch matrix unit and the input end of the transmitting antenna is P₁A plurality of;

the receiving end of the radio frequency link system comprises P₂Receiving antenna, receiving end signal processing module and Q₂A receiving end digital signal former; p₂A receiving antenna for receiving the transmitted signal, P₂The output end of each receiving antenna is respectively connected with the input end of a receiving end signal processing module, and the output end of the receiving end signal processing module is respectively connected with the Q₂The input end of each receiving end digital signal former is connected with the other receiving end digital signal former, and the receiving end digital signal former generates a final receiving signal;

the receiving end signal processing module comprises a plurality of receiving end radio frequency link units and receiving end digital switch matrix units; each receiving end radio frequency link unit comprises a plurality of radio frequency link elements which are connected in series, and the connection sequence of the radio frequency link elements in each receiving end radio frequency link unit is the same; the receiving end digital switch matrix unit is arranged between any adjacent radio frequency link elements in the receiving end radio frequency link unit, and the positions in each receiving end radio frequency link unit are the same;

the number of each radio frequency link element between the output end of the receiving antenna and the input end of the receiving end digital switch matrix unit is P₂The number of each radio frequency link element between the output end of the receiving end digital switch matrix unit and the input end of the receiving end digital signal former is Q₂A plurality of;

P₁、Q₁、P₂、Q₂are all positive integers satisfying Q₁<P₁，Q₂<P₂。

2. The digital switch matrix based radio frequency link system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of series connected radio frequency link elements in each transmitting end radio frequency link unit comprises a digital-to-analog converter, a first mixer, a power amplifier and a first phase shifter; the connection sequence is that the digital-to-analog converter, the first mixer, the power amplifier and the first phase shifter are connected in sequence; the input end of the digital-to-analog converter is used as the input end of the transmitting end signal processing module and Q₁The output end of the transmitter digital signal former is connected with the output end of the first phase shifter as the output end of the transmitter signal processing module and P₁The input ends of the transmitting antennas are connected.

3. The digital switch matrix based rf link system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of rf link elements connected in series in each receiving-side rf link unit comprises a second phase shifter, a low noise amplifier, a second mixer, and an analog-to-digital converter; the second phase shifter, the low noise amplifier, the second frequency mixer and the analog-to-digital converter are connected in sequence; the input end of the second phase shifter is used as the input end of the receiving end signal processing module and P₂The output end of each receiving antenna is connected with the output end of the analog-to-digital converter, and the output ends of the analog-to-digital converters are used as the output ends of the receiving end signal processing modules and are respectively connected with the Q₂The input ends of the receiving end digital signal generators are connected.

4. The digital switch matrix based rf link system of claim 2, wherein the first phase shifter is a high power phase shifter.

5. The digital switch matrix based radio frequency link system of claim 3, wherein the second phase shifter is a low power phase shifter.

6. The digital switch matrix-based radio frequency link system of claim 2 or 3, wherein the radio frequency link elements in each of the transmitting side radio frequency link units and the receiving side radio frequency link units further comprise a local oscillator;

in each transmitting end radio frequency link unit or receiving end radio frequency link unit, a local oscillator is connected with a first mixer or a second mixer, and the local oscillator generates an oscillating signal to be injected into the first mixer or the second mixer.

7. The digital switch matrix based radio frequency link system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of series connected radio frequency link elements in each transmitting end radio frequency link unit comprises a digital-to-analog converter, a first mixer, a power amplifier and a first phase shifter; the connection sequence is that the digital-to-analog converter, the first mixer, the first phase shifter and the power amplifier are connected in sequence; the input end of the digital-to-analog converter is used as the input end of the transmitting end signal processing module and Q₁The output end of the digital signal former of the transmitting end is connected, and the output end of the power amplifier is used as the output end of the signal processing module of the transmitting end and is connected with the P₁The input ends of the transmitting antennas are connected.

8. The digital switch matrix based rf link system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of rf link elements connected in series in each receiving-side rf link unit comprises a second phase shifter, a low noise amplifier, a second mixer, and an analog-to-digital converter; the low noise amplifier, the second phase shifter, the second frequency mixer and the analog-to-digital converter are connected in sequence;the input end of the low noise amplifier is used as the input end of the receiving end signal processing module and P₂The output end of each receiving antenna is connected with the output end of the analog-to-digital converter, and the output ends of the analog-to-digital converters are used as the output ends of the receiving end signal processing modules and are respectively connected with the Q₂The input ends of the receiving end digital signal generators are connected.

9. The digital switch matrix based radio frequency link system according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter are both low power phase shifters.

10. A method for beamforming in a radio frequency link system based on a digital switch matrix, comprising:

s1: the original signal is subjected to amplitude modulation by a transmitting terminal digital signal generator, and a digital signal is output;

s2: the digital signals are input into a transmitting end signal processing module, and a plurality of transmitting end radio frequency link units carry out parameter processing on the digital signals to generate transmitting signals; the transmitting terminal digital switch matrix unit selects transmitting antennas to be communicated and outputs transmitting signals to a transmission channel through the transmitting antennas;

s3: the receiving antenna receives the transmitting signal in the transmission channel and transmits the transmitting signal to the receiving end signal processing module;

s4: the receiving end digital switch matrix unit selects a receiving end radio frequency link unit which needs to be communicated, and the received transmitting signal is subjected to parameter processing by the receiving end radio frequency link unit to generate an initial receiving signal and is output to a receiving end digital signal former;

s5: the initial receiving signal is amplitude modulated by the receiving end digital signal former to generate the final receiving signal.

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