CN104702308A - Micro structure MiMo radio frequency front end assembly - Google Patents
Micro structure MiMo radio frequency front end assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN104702308A CN104702308A CN201410768677.XA CN201410768677A CN104702308A CN 104702308 A CN104702308 A CN 104702308A CN 201410768677 A CN201410768677 A CN 201410768677A CN 104702308 A CN104702308 A CN 104702308A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a micro structure MiMo radio frequency front end assembly. The micro structure MiMo radio frequency front end assembly comprises even groups of radio frequency front end transceiver assemblies including a micro transceiver antenna, a polarization transformer, a first channel filter, a second channel filter, an AGC (automatic gain control) receiving module and an ALC (adaptive logic circuit) emitting module, wherein the micro transceiver antenna is connected with an input end of the AGC receiving module through the polarization converter, the first channel filter and the AGC receiving module in sequence; an output end of the ALC emitting module is connected with the micro transceiver antenna through the second channel filter and the polarization transformer in sequence; the AGC receiving module comprises a first balance amplifier, a first electrically controlled attenuator, a second balance amplifier, a first coupler and a first direct-current processing circuit; the ALC emitting module comprises a second electrically controlled attenuator, a third balance amplifier, a fourth balance amplifier, a second coupler and a second direct-current processing circuit. The micro structure MiMo radio frequency front end assembly is high in integration degree and capable of greatly reducing the size of the MiMo radio frequency front end assembly, and has the advantages of being high in linearity, high in gain and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radio-frequency front-end component technology field in moving communicating field, particularly, relate to a kind of miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly.
Background technology
Multiple-input and multiple-output (Multi-input Multi-output; MIMO) be that a kind of being used for describes the abstract mathematical model of multi-aerial radio communication system, multiple antennas of transmitting terminal can be utilized independently to send signal separately, to receive with multiple antenna at receiving terminal simultaneously and recover prime information.This technology is proposed in 1908 by Marconi the earliest, and he utilizes multiple antennas to suppress channel fading (fading).According to transmitting-receiving two-end antenna amount, relative to common single-input single-output system (Single-Input Single-Output, SISO), this type of multi-antenna technology of MIMO still comprises so-called " intelligent antenna " in early days, that is single-input multiple output (Single-Input Multi-Output, and MISO system (Multiple-InputSingle-Output, MISO) SIMO).
Because MIMO can, when not needing the data throughout (throughput) and the transmission range that increase system when increasing bandwidth or total transmitted power consume (transmit powerexpenditure) significantly, make this technology in being subject to many attracting attention in recent years.The key concept of MIMO effectively promotes the spectrum efficiency of wireless communication system by the spatial degrees of freedom utilizing many transmit antennas and many reception antennas and provided, and improves communication quality with promoting transmission rate.
In order to improve power system capacity, follow-on WiMAX mobile communication system will adopt MIMO technology, namely places multiple antenna in base station end, also places multiple antenna at travelling carriage, forms MIMO communication link between base station and travelling carriage.The WiMAX mobile communication system of using MIMO technique can be divided into two large classes from the multiple antennas laying method of base station end: a class is that multiple antenna for base station concentrates arrangement to form aerial array, and be positioned over coverage cell, this class can be called centralized MIMO; Another kind of is that the multiple antennas dispersion of base station is placed on coverage cell, can be called distributed MIMO.
Existing MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly all adopts common antenna, and adopts general amplifier and low noise amplifier, and when ensureing front end assemblies performance, radio-frequency front-end assembly volume is large and cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to overcome the defect that in prior art, radio-frequency front-end volume is large, cost is high, according to an aspect of the present invention, proposes a kind of miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly.
A kind of miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly that the embodiment of the present invention provides, comprising: the radio-frequency front-end transmitting-receiving subassembly of even number set; Radio-frequency front-end transmitting-receiving subassembly comprises: miniaturized dual-mode antenna, polarization converter, first passage filter, second channel filter, AGC receive module, ALC emitting mould train; The input that miniaturized dual-mode antenna receives module by polarization converter, first passage filter with AGC is successively connected; The output of ALC emitting mould train is connected with miniaturized dual-mode antenna by second channel filter, polarization converter successively; AGC receives module and comprises the first balance amplifier, the first electrically controlled attenuator, the second balance amplifier, the first coupler and the first direct current treatment circuit; The input of the first balance amplifier is the input that AGC receives module, and output is connected with the input of the first electrically controlled attenuator; The output of the first electrically controlled attenuator is connected with the input of the first coupler by the second balance amplifier; The coupled output of the first coupler is connected with the control end of the first electrically controlled attenuator by the first direct current treatment circuit; The main output of the first coupler is the output that AGC receives module; ALC emitting mould train comprises the second electrically controlled attenuator, the 3rd balance amplifier, the 4th balance amplifier, the second coupler and the second direct current treatment circuit; The input of the second electrically controlled attenuator is the input of ALC emitting mould train, and the output of the second electrically controlled attenuator is connected with the input of the 3rd balance amplifier; The output of the 3rd balance amplifier is connected with the input of the second coupler by the 4th balance amplifier; The coupled output of the second coupler is connected with the control end of the second electrically controlled attenuator by the second direct current treatment circuit, and the main output of the second coupling circuit is the output of ALC emitting mould train.
In technique scheme, the first electrically controlled attenuator and the second electrically controlled attenuator are matching type PIN diode electrically-tuned attenuator; Electrically controlled attenuator comprises: offset line, N number of PIN diode and two series resistances that transmission line and transmission line are drawn; The quarter-wave N number of Nodes in interval connects the positive pole of a PIN diode respectively in the same way on the transmission line, and the minus earth of PIN diode; Wherein, two PIN diode of both sides are connected ground connection after a series resistance respectively; Wherein, 2≤N≤6, and N number of PIN diode is identical PIN diode.
In technique scheme, first balance amplifier, the second balance amplifier, the 3rd balance amplifier, the 4th balance amplifier are the balance amplifier that structure is identical, comprising: a 3dB quadrature bridge, the 2nd 3dB quadrature bridge, IC amplifying device, the first resistance and the second resistance; The coupled end of the one 3dB quadrature bridge is connected with two inputs of IC amplifying device respectively with straight-through end; The coupled end of the 2nd 3dB quadrature bridge is connected with two outputs of IC amplifying device respectively with straight-through end; The isolation end of the one 3dB quadrature bridge is by ground connection after the first resistance, and the isolation end of the 2nd 3dB quadrature bridge is by ground connection after the second resistance; The input of the one 3dB quadrature bridge is the input of balance amplifier, and the output of the 2nd 3dB quadrature bridge is the output of balance amplifier.
In technique scheme, described miniaturized dual-mode antenna comprises: radiation fin, dielectric layer, slot antenna substrate and reflection cavity; Described dielectric layer is arranged between the front of described radiation fin and described slot antenna substrate, and the dielectric constant of described dielectric layer is greater than the dielectric constant of air; Described slot antenna substrate adopts high dielectric constant substrate, and the dielectric constant of described high dielectric constant substrate is greater than 3.5; Described reflection cavity is arranged at the reverse side of described slot antenna substrate.
In technique scheme, described slot antenna substrate comprises high dielectric constant substrate, microflute gap and transmission line; Described microflute gap is arranged at the front of described high dielectric constant substrate, and described transmission line is arranged at the reverse side of described high dielectric constant substrate;
Described transmission line comprises microstrip line, complanar line, strip line, the line of rabbet joint; Described transmission line is as the transmission line of the crossed linear polarization antenna of two-way polarization orthogonal, the outer end of the transmission line of the crossed linear polarization antenna of described two-way polarization orthogonal is connected with two inputs of phase shift 90 degree of constant power distributors respectively, the two-way output of described phase shift 90 degree of constant power distributors outwards exports two-way crossed-circle poliarizing antenna signal, and two-way crossed-circle poliarizing antenna is respectively as the receiving terminal of described miniaturized dual-mode antenna and transmitting terminal; The transmission line excitation microflute gap of described crossed linear polarization antenna.
In technique scheme, the transmission line of described two-way crossed linear polarization antenna is divided into four tunnel line branches respectively by decile power splitter, and described line branches encourages each section of gap in described excitation gap respectively; Two inputs of described phase shift 90 degree of constant power distributors are connected across the output of the crossed linear polarization antenna transmission line of described two-way polarization orthogonal.
In technique scheme, the span of the dielectric constant of described dielectric layer and described high dielectric constant substrate is: 3.5 < E < 10; 1 < F < 10; Wherein, E is the dielectric constant of high dielectric constant substrate, and F is the dielectric constant of dielectric layer.
In technique scheme, described first passage filter and described second channel filter are the low loss high selectivity multicavity filter that structure is identical; Described low loss high selectivity multicavity filter is distributed couplings filter, comprising: resonant cavity main body, cover plate, inner wire, resonance frequency adjustment screw, input/output interface device; Described main body is the rectangular cavity of parallel integral, and cover plate is positioned at rectangular cavity two ends, has even number resonant cavity in main body, and its resonant cavity is the distributed couplings chamber of comb shape symmetry; Or
Described low loss high selectivity multicavity filter is the filter that distributed couplings combines with centralized coupling, comprising: resonant cavity main body, cover plate, inner wire, resonance frequency adjustment screw, input/output interface device; Described main body is the even column rectangular cavity of parallel integral, cover plate is positioned at rectangular cavity two ends, have even number resonant cavity in main body, the resonant cavity on its both sides is the distributed couplings chamber of comb shape symmetry, and two resonant cavitys of middle part are the coaxial resonant cavity of centralized coupling.
In technique scheme. all described path filters column distribution, composition integral structure multi-channel filter; The two ends of described integral structure multi-channel filter are provided with fixed support, and described support bracket fastened surface uniform is laid with conducting strip.
In technique scheme, AGC receives module and ALC emitting mould train is the distributed circuit using thick-film technique to realize.
In technique scheme, AGC receives module and ALC emitting mould train is arranged in PCB substrate, and the dielectric constant of PCB substrate is greater than 3.5.
A kind of miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly that the embodiment of the present invention provides, utilizes miniaturized dual-mode antenna, AGC reception module and ALC emitting mould train etc. to realize reception and the transmitting of radio frequency signal.Wherein, AGC reception module has the advantages such as low noise, High Linear, high-gain; ALC emitting mould train has the advantages such as power output is high, High Linear, high-gain; Adopt electrically controlled attenuator to be conducive to protection IC device, avoid large-signal to the impact of device; Balance amplifying circuit is easy to and miscellaneous part cascade.Modular circuit in radio-frequency front-end assembly adopts thick-film technique to be arranged in PCB substrate, device can be integrated on circuit with the form of distributed constant, reduces using peripheral components as far as possible, makes whole transmitting-receiving subassembly more concentrated, integrated level is high, greatly reduces the volume of MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly.Adopting miniaturized dual-mode antenna, by increasing dielectric layer and the dielectric constant by improving substrate, the beamwidth of antenna being broadened; Thus by changing the dielectric constant of antenna element dielectric layer and high dielectric constant substrate, control wave beam width can be realized.Meanwhile, after increasing dielectric layer, antenna volume is much less than traditional antenna unit.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and, partly become apparent from specification, or understand by implementing the present invention.Object of the present invention and other advantages realize by structure specifically noted in write specification, claims and accompanying drawing and obtain.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for specification, together with embodiments of the present invention for explaining the present invention, is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 four enters the structure chart that four go out radio frequency front end assemblies in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure chart that in the embodiment of the present invention, AGC receives module and ALC emitting mould train;
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of electrically controlled attenuator in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of balance amplifier in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention miniaturization dual-mode antenna;
Fig. 6 is the structure schematic diagram of embodiment of the present invention miniaturization dual-mode antenna substrate, substrate back erodes away in the mapping position of cross excitation gap in substrate front to this substrate back and encourages with this cross the cross gap that seam shape is identical, this cross gap is connected with each line branches, the central authorities of this cross gap are provided with circular metal face, and the surrounding in circular metal face is transmitted line and surrounds;
Fig. 7 is the Facad structure schematic diagram of embodiment of the present invention miniaturization dual-mode antenna substrate;
Fig. 8 is multichannel four cavity filter of integral structure in the embodiment of the present invention and the front perspective view of multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly;
Fig. 9 is multichannel four cavity filter of integral structure in the embodiment of the present invention and the back side perspective view of multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly;
Figure 10 is the sectional view of multichannel four cavity filter in the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the vertical view of multichannel four cavity filter in the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the front view (there is shown fixed support 60) of multichannel four cavity filter in the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the left view of multichannel four cavity filter in the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the perspective view of the U-shaped six chamber cavity filters of the multichannel of integral structure in the embodiment of the present invention and multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly;
The sectional view of U-shaped six cavity filters of multichannel in Figure 15 embodiment of the present invention.
Main Reference Numerals illustrates:
9-first transmission line, 11-second transmission line, 12-encourages gap, 13-circular metal face, 14-metallic vias, 15-decile two power splitter, 16-phase shift 90 degree of constant power distributors, 17-circular polarized antenna, 18-complanar line branch road, 19-cross gap, 21-plated-through hole.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, but is to be understood that protection scope of the present invention not by the restriction of embodiment.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly, comprising: the radio-frequency front-end transmitting-receiving subassembly of even number set.Enter four for four in the embodiment of the present invention and go out the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function that radio frequency front end assemblies illustrates (namely comprising 4 groups of radio-frequency front-end transmitting-receiving subassemblies) this microminiaturized MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly, this four enters four to go out the structure of radio frequency front end assemblies shown in Figure 1.
Concrete, this radio-frequency front-end transmitting-receiving subassembly comprises: miniaturized dual-mode antenna 10, polarization converter 20, first passage filter BPF1, second channel filter BPF2, AGC receive module and ALC emitting mould train.
The input that miniaturized dual-mode antenna 10 receives module by polarization converter 20, first passage filter BPF1 and AGC is successively connected; The output of ALC emitting mould train is connected with miniaturized dual-mode antenna 10 by second channel filter BPF2, polarization converter 20 successively.AGC receives the output of module and the input of ALC emitting mould train is connected with the frequency changer circuit of outside respectively, is respectively used to externally emitting radio frequency signal and received RF signal.
Wherein, the structure chart of AGC reception module and ALC emitting mould train is shown in Figure 2.Concrete, AGC receives module and comprises the first balance amplifier BP1, the first electrically controlled attenuator EAT1, the second balance amplifier BP2, the first coupler CP1 and the first direct current treatment circuit 101.Concrete, as shown in Figure 2, the input of the first balance amplifier BP1 is the input that AGC receives module, and the output of the first balance amplifier BP1 is connected with the input of the first electrically controlled attenuator EAT1; The output of the first electrically controlled attenuator EAT1 is connected with the input of the first coupler CP1 by the second balance amplifier BP2; The coupled output of the first coupler CP1 is connected with the control end of the first electrically controlled attenuator EAT1 by the first direct current treatment circuit 101; The main output of the first coupler CP1 is the output that AGC receives module, for the radiofrequency signal after output processing.
ALC emitting mould train comprises the second electrically controlled attenuator EAT2, the 3rd balance amplifier BP3, the 4th balance amplifier BP4, the second coupler CP2 and the second direct current treatment circuit 201.Concrete, the input of the second electrically controlled attenuator EAT2 is the input of ALC emitting mould train, and the output of the second electrically controlled attenuator EAT2 is connected with the input of the 3rd balance amplifier BP3; The output of the 3rd balance amplifier BP3 is connected with the input of the second coupler CP2 by the 4th balance amplifier BP4; The coupled output of the second coupler CP2 is connected by the control end of the second direct current treatment circuit 201 with the second electrically controlled attenuator EAT2, and the main output of the second coupling circuit is the output of ALC emitting mould train, for the radiofrequency signal after output processing.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the main output of coupler is the terminal for exporting main path signal, and coupled output is the terminal for exporting coupled signal.Polarization converter 20 is for being converted to line polarization wave by circularly polarised wave, and polarization converter technology is comparatively ripe, does not describe in detail herein.
Preferably, in embodiments of the present invention, the first electrically controlled attenuator EAT1 is identical with the second electrically controlled attenuator EAT2 structure, is matching type PIN diode electrically-tuned attenuator.This electrically controlled attenuator comprises: offset line, N number of PIN diode and two series resistances that transmission line and transmission line are drawn; The quarter-wave N number of Nodes in interval connects the positive pole of a PIN diode respectively in the same way on the transmission line, and the minus earth of PIN diode; Wherein, two PIN diode of both sides are connected ground connection after a series resistance respectively; Wherein, 2≤N≤6, and N number of PIN diode is identical PIN diode.
Concrete, shown in Figure 3, for N=3 in the embodiment of the present invention, electrically controlled attenuator comprises 3 PIN diode D1, D2, D3,3 PIN diode are connected with transmission line MS respectively at three node J1, J2, J3 places, and two the PIN diode D1 and D3 being positioned at both sides connect with series resistance R1 and R2.Wherein, the terminal A in Fig. 3 is the input of electrically controlled attenuator, and terminal B is output, and end points C is control end.Electrically controlled attenuator often pipe attenuation is about 7dB, and overall attenuation is about 20dB, and uplink downlink overall attenuation is about 40dB.Adopt the matching type PIN diode electrically-tuned attenuator be made up of 3 diodes, only need to adopt small voltage, small area analysis just can control this electrically controlled attenuator, 40dB high attenuation needs can be met, realize digital control needs, and then can system stability be ensured.
Preferably, in embodiments of the present invention, the first balance amplifier BP1, the second balance amplifier BP2, the 3rd balance amplifier BP3, the 4th balance amplifier BP4 are the balance amplifier that structure is identical.Shown in Figure 4, this balance amplifier comprises: a 3dB quadrature bridge B1, the 2nd 3dB quadrature bridge B2, IC amplifying device PA, the first resistance R1 and the second resistance R2.
Concrete, the coupled end OH of a 3dB quadrature bridge B1 is connected with two input S1 with S2 of IC amplifying device PA respectively with straight-through end ZT; The coupled end OH of the 2nd 3dB quadrature bridge B2 is connected with two output C1 with C2 of IC amplifying device PA respectively with straight-through end ZT; The isolation end ISO of the one 3dB quadrature bridge B1 is by ground connection after the first resistance R1, and the isolation end ISO of the 2nd 3dB quadrature bridge B2 is by ground connection after the second resistance R2; The input in of the one 3dB quadrature bridge B1 is the input of balance amplifier, and the output out of the 2nd 3dB quadrature bridge B2 is the output of balance amplifier.
As shown in Figure 1, the miniaturized dual-mode antenna that the embodiment of the present invention provides comprises reception antenna ANT1 and transmitting antenna ANT2.Reception antenna ANT1 and transmitting antenna ANT2 can be two independently antennas, also reception antenna and transmitting antenna can be integrated on one piece of substrate.Be integrated on one piece of substrate for reception antenna and transmitting antenna in the embodiment of the present invention, introduce the structure of this miniaturized dual-mode antenna in detail.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, this miniaturized dual-mode antenna comprises: radiation fin 310, dielectric layer 320, slot antenna substrate 330 and reflection cavity 340.
Wherein, as shown in Figure 5, dielectric layer 320 is arranged between the front of radiation fin 310 and slot antenna substrate 330, and the dielectric constant of dielectric layer 320 is greater than the dielectric constant of air; Slot antenna substrate 330 adopts high dielectric constant substrate, and the dielectric constant of high dielectric constant substrate is greater than 3.5; Meanwhile, reflection cavity 340 is arranged at the reverse side of slot antenna substrate 330.The reflecting surface 341 of reflection cavity 340, for reflecting the signal of slot antenna transmitting, ensures that miniaturized dual-mode antenna only transmits in one direction.
Concrete, slot antenna substrate 330 comprises high dielectric constant substrate 331, microflute gap 332 and transmission line 333.Wherein, microflute gap 332 is arranged at the front of high dielectric constant substrate 331, and transmission line 333 is arranged at the reverse side of high dielectric constant substrate 331; The front of slot antenna substrate 330 and the front of high dielectric constant substrate 331 are the same face, and the reverse side of slot antenna substrate 330 and the reverse side of high dielectric constant substrate 331 are the same face.
Wherein, as shown in Figure 6, the transmission line 333 being arranged on high dielectric constant substrate 331 back side comprises microstrip line, complanar line, strip line, the line of rabbet joint; Transmission line is as the transmission line of the crossed linear polarization antenna of two-way polarization orthogonal, i.e. the first transmission line 9 and the second transmission line 11, signal in the transmission line of this two-way crossed linear polarization antenna is with frequently and polarization difference 90 degree, transmission line one end (i.e. outer end) of this two-way crossed linear polarization antenna is connected to two inputs of phase shift 90 degree of constant power distributors 16, the output outside output cross circular polarized antenna signal of phase shift 90 degree of constant power distributors.And two-way circular polarized antenna 17 is respectively as the receiving terminal of miniaturized dual-mode antenna 10 and transmitting terminal.The transmission line excitation microflute gap 332 of crossed linear polarization antenna.
High dielectric constant substrate 331 front is provided with excitation gap 12 (in the embodiment of the present invention, excitation gap 12 is microflute gap 332), cross is arranged in this excitation gap 12, the front of substrate is except this cross excitation gap 12, all the other equal large area cover copper, it covers the front metal face that copper face forms substrate, i.e. metal ground plane.The back side of substrate is except the transmission line of the crossed linear polarization antenna of two-way polarization orthogonal, the excitation gap 12 in substrate front are except the mapping area and cross gap 19 of this substrate reverse side, and all the other equal large area cover copper, and it covers the reverse side metal covering that copper face forms substrate.
The mapping position in the cross excitation gap 12 of the back side in substrate front of high dielectric constant substrate 331 erodes away and encourages with this cross the cross gap 19 that seam shape is identical, this cross gap 19 is connected with each complanar line branch road 18, the central authorities of this cross gap 19 are provided with and form capacity coupled circular metal face 13 with encouraging gap 12, the surrounding in circular metal face 13 surround by cross gap 19, namely this circular metal face 13 is not communicated with the reverse side metal covering of above-mentioned substrate 2.The length in excitation gap 12 can be reduced in circular metal face 13, is conducive to the miniaturization realizing antenna.
The other end (inner, i.e. the first transmission line 9 and the second transmission line 11) of the transmission line of two-way crossed linear polarization antenna is divided into four tunnel line branches respectively by decile two power splitter.
At the periphery of transmission line and line branches around being provided with plated-through hole 21, substrate obverse and reverse is connected by plated-through hole 21, transmission line and line branches is changed into respectively complanar line and the complanar line branch road 18 in front metal face.
Adopt complanar line and complanar line branch road 18, be connected in the front metal face of above-mentioned substrate with reverse side metal covering, make the two become common ground, the plane wave decreasing transmission line generation, in the interference of elect magnetic field, makes antenna performance more stable.
Article four, complanar line branch road 18 encourages above-mentioned cross to encourage gap 12, and adopt cross excitation gap, and utilize decile two power splitter to form multiple feedback point, the radiation field that antenna can be made to be formed is evenly symmetry.
Metallized metallic vias 14 is respectively equipped with at the end of complanar line branch road 18, the end of four road complanar line branch roads 18 is communicated with the front metal face of substrate respectively by metallic vias 14, by end (output) ground connection of complanar line branch road 18, i.e. short circuit, decrease complanar line branch road 18 and excitation gap 12 phase feed four present a little between be coupled.
In this miniaturized dual-mode antenna, the two-way signal transmission of 90 degree is differed by the first transmission line 9 and the second transmission line 11 difference transmission polarization, by decile two power splitter 15, every road signal is divided into two-way tributary signal, these four complanar line branch roads encourage cross to encourage gap simultaneously, form four feeds, the excitation of electromagnetic wave cambered surface radiation fin produced, the standing wave type electromagnetic field of multiple different frequency is formed in lamella space, and secondary excitation cambered surface radiation fin, thus high efficiency forms required electromagnetic wave, to spatial radiation.
This miniaturized dual-mode antenna is on the basis of the crossed linear polarization antenna of polarization difference 90 degree, by adding phase shift 90 degree of constant power distributors, makes the crossed linear polarization ripple exported form crossed-circle polarized wave in space.Miniaturized dual-mode antenna adopts crossed-circle poliarizing antenna to replace crossed linear polarization antenna, because base station and terminal are crossed linear polarization antennas, when two orthogonal linear polarized antennas receive a crossed-circle polarized wave, its polarization match factor is 1, namely optimal polarization matching status is reached, and received signal power and dual-mode antenna position have nothing to do, and do not depend on the direction of antenna, the energy of the circularly polarised wave that two crossed linear polarization antennas of receiving terminal receive is equal all the time.Same, be also like this when crossed-circle poliarizing antenna receives crossed linear polarization ripple.Crossed-circle poliarizing antenna replaces crossed linear polarization antenna, makes antenna become a joint from two joints, improves channel utilization index, reduce volume, provide cost savings.
Miniaturized dual-mode antenna in the miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly that the embodiment of the present invention provides, by improving the dielectric constant of substrate, the frequency signal wavelength encouraging out is in the substrate shortened, like this in order to reach resonance radiation, microflute gap just needs to shorten accordingly, thus can substantially reduce the size of antenna substrate.In addition, the signal gone out when aerial radiation passes through the dielectric layer with more high-k, reduces the wavelength of signal, to the size also corresponding reduction of the radiation fin of its generation resonance; Meanwhile, because the dielectric constant of dielectric layer uprises, its loss strains greatly mutually, the signal gone out when aerial radiation passes through the dielectric layer with more high-k, the radiation efficiency of antenna just can reduce, and namely antenna gain reduces, thus the beamwidth of antenna is broadened.So the dielectric constant of dielectric layer is higher, and beamwidth is wider, namely the miniaturized dual-mode antenna that provides of the embodiment of the present invention is by changing the material (namely changing the dielectric constant of dielectric layer) of dielectric layer, can the beamwidth of control antenna.
This miniaturized dual-mode antenna, the element antenna structure of employing has the feature of high-gain: when dielectric layer is air, and the gain of miniaturized dual-mode antenna can reach 8.3dB, and the gain of traditional antenna unit is generally at about 6dB.After improving dielectric layer dielectric constant, although element antenna gain drops to the same situation of traditional antenna unit, volume is much less than traditional antenna unit.
Below for LTE antenna, adopt the test result when substrate of differing dielectric constant and dielectric layer as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
Can be drawn by table 1.The dielectric constant of antenna substrate is generally from 3.5 ~ 10, and when the dielectric constant of dielectric layer reaches about 10, antenna element is cisco unity malfunction.Therefore, the span of the dielectric constant of dielectric layer and high dielectric constant substrate is:
3.5＜E＜10；1＜F＜10；
Wherein, E is the dielectric constant of high dielectric constant substrate, and F is the dielectric constant of dielectric layer.Accordingly, antenna beamwidth approximately can be controlled between 60 ° to 110 °.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, first passage filter and second channel filter are the low loss high selectivity multicavity filter that structure is identical.The embodiment of the present invention receives 4 MiMo radio-frequency front-end assemblies for 4, and it comprises eight path filters, all path filters column distribution, composition multi-channel filter; Meanwhile, AGC receives module and described ALC emitting mould train replaces and column distribution, composition multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly.In the embodiment of the present invention, the MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly that miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly is integrated, multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly is arranged between the described miniaturized dual-mode antenna back side and described multi-channel filter front.Shown in Figure 8, in fig. 8, be followed successively by miniature antenna, multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly, multi-channel filter from top to bottom, wherein, miniature antenna is positioned at the top of multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly, not shown in Fig. 8.In fig. 8, mark 7 is the input/output terminal of multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly, and namely mark 7 is input or the output that AGC receives module, or is input or the output of ALC emitting mould train.
The MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly of integral structure also comprises fixed support 60.Fixed support 60 is arranged on the two ends of multi-channel filter and multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly, and the surface uniform of this fixed support 60 is laid with conducting strip 61.This fixed support not only can fixed support multi-channel filter and multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly, and meanwhile, during the component workings such as the amplifier in multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly, heat dissipation capacity is large, also can be beneficial to the heat radiation of multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly by conducting strip 61.
Shown in Fig. 9-Figure 13, four cavity filters of be coupled in a distributed manner in the embodiment of the present invention (array) are example, and the present invention can also be the even number multicavity filters such as six chambeies, eight chambeies, ten chambeies, 12 chambeies, and differ a citing herein.This low loss high selectivity multicavity filter has resonant cavity main body 1, cover plate 2, inner wire 3, resonance frequency adjustment screw 4, input/output interface device 5.Resonant cavity main body is the rectangular cavity of parallel integral, and cover plate is positioned at rectangular cavity two ends, and have even number resonant cavity (being four chambeies in Figure 10, Q1-Q4) in main body, its resonant cavity is the distributed couplings chamber of comb shape symmetry.As shown in Figure 9, resonance frequency adjustment screw 4 is all arranged on the back side of multi-channel filter, conveniently regulates resonance frequency.Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 is the perspective view of the MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly of this integral structure viewed from two rightabouts.Figure 11 is the vertical view of multichannel four cavity filter, and in the embodiment of the present invention, being the direction overlooked by the direction from the back side of multi-channel filter to front, in the perspective view shown in corresponding diagram 9, is the direction overlooked from the bottom-right direction of upper left.Figure 12 is multichannel four cavity filter and support bracket fastened front view, does not wherein mark multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly.
Concrete, in the embodiment of the present invention, the structural parameters of the MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly of integral structure are: and the wide * of long * is high=and 203*142*56mm (it should be noted that, these structural parameters do not comprise miniaturized dual-mode antenna antenna, namely these structural parameters are the structural parameters of the additional multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly of multichannel four cavity filter), the rectangular cavity wall thickness 5mm of filter, the thick 3mm of cover plate.The physical parameter of filter is: centre frequency fo 2605MHz, passband width Δ F3db 60MHz, selectivity Δ F40db/ Δ F3db 2.6, and insertion loss L is less than or equal to 0.35db, and input standing wave is less than or equal to 1.2db.
Preferably, this multicavity filter distributed couplings can also be adopted to be coupled with centralized mode that (U-shaped S type) organically combine.Shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14, for the six U-shaped filters in chamber in the embodiment of the present invention, it can also be the even number multicavity filters such as eight chambeies, ten chambeies, 12 chambeies, and differ a citing herein.This low loss high selectivity multicavity filter has resonant cavity main body 1, cover plate 2, inner wire 3, resonance frequency adjustment screw 4, input/output interface device 5, there are in main body six resonant cavity Q1-6, its both sides resonant cavity Q1-Q2 and Q5-Q6 is the distributed couplings chamber of comb shape symmetry, two, middle part resonant cavity Q3, Q4 are the coaxial resonant cavity of centralized coupling, the breach of 6 signal Q3, Q4 chamber space bars in figure, 41 is compensated regulation screw between chamber.
Concrete, in Figure 13 and Figure 14, the structural parameters of integral structure multi-channel filter are: and the wide * of the long * of filter is high=and 203*251*56mm (it should be noted that, these structural parameters do not comprise miniaturized dual-mode antenna antenna, namely these structural parameters are the structural parameters of the additional multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly of U-shaped six cavity filter of multichannel), rectangular cavity wall thickness 5mm, the thick 3mm of cover plate.Physical parameter is: centre frequency fo 2605MHz, passband width Δ F3db 70MHz, selectivity Δ F40db/ Δ F3db 1.7, and insertion loss L is less than or equal to 0.9db, and input standing wave is less than or equal to 1.2db.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the input of output and ALC emitting mould train that AGC receives module is used for being connected with the concentrated chip of outside, and this concentrated chip comprises Up/Down Conversion frequency mixer, digital-to-analogue/analog-to-digital conversion and fpga chip etc.Because the size (width) of U-shaped six cavity filters of multichannel is greater than multichannel four cavity filter, after the upper front placement multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly of U-shaped six cavity filters of multichannel, part is also had not utilize space, this does not utilize space to can be used for placing above-mentioned concentrated chip, thus this MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly can integrated above-mentioned concentrated chip, improve the space availability ratio of front end assemblies.
In the embodiment of the present invention, these multicavity filter coupled modes adopt distributed couplings (array) or distributed couplings to be coupled with centralized mode that (U-shaped S type) organically combine, learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, overcome the deficiency of respective mode, between the chamber on both sides, coupling is full symmetric, low-loss distributed couplings mode is adopted between each chamber, and the coupling in Liang Ge chamber, middle part is independently single, adopt centralized coupling can realize cavity configuration to turn round in middle part, reduce the length of filter, in addition even number cavity configuration before and after being divided into adjacent two turn round, reduce the length of filter, in addition two same sections that even number cavity configuration is adjacent before and after being divided into, centre only separates one deck thin plate, there is coupling path between multiple chamber, be convenient to carry out separate space coupling, thus the selectivity of filter can be improved to a great extent, therefore, the structure of this filter has taken into account the requirement of low-loss and high selectivity.Performance of filter is superior, reliability is high, of many uses, serial multicavity filter can be designed, mobile communication, microwave radio relay communication, digital cluster communication and the duplexer of wireless access base station, the tower amplifier improving mobile communication base station performance and base station power can be designed amplify conjunction road splitter based on it, and the combiner of Digital Clustering duplexer and frequency diversity preselection filter etc., for wireless communication engineering provides a kind of desirable kernel filter device.
In addition, this filter construction is simple, compact, ingenious, and volume is little; debugging work load reduces, and processing technology simplifies greatly, and its main body is by the aluminum extrusion process one-shot forming of maturation; the filter of same type only needs out a kind of mould, and number of molds is few, thoroughly changes the processing technology of traditional centralized coupling filter; and product repetition consistency is good; do not need coating surface, consumptive material is few, and production efficiency is high; production cost can reduce by 80%, is easy to the large-scale production realizing multi items.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, AGC receives module and ALC emitting mould train is the distributed circuit using thick-film technique to realize.AGC receives the circuit such as balance amplifier, electrically controlled attenuator and coupler in module and ALC emitting mould train, and except 3dB quadrature bridge, other circuit are all set directly on thick film circuit.By thick-film technique AGC received module and ALC emitting mould train is on one substrate integrated, be conducive to realizing miniaturized, thus reduce the volume of this high-gain active circuit component.
In addition, AGC receives module and ALC emitting mould train is arranged in PCB substrate, and this PCB substrate is high-k substrate.The dielectric constant of general PCB substrate is about 3.5, and the dielectric constant of PCB substrate adopted in embodiments of the present invention is greater than 3.5.
A kind of miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly that the embodiment of the present invention provides, utilizes miniaturized dual-mode antenna, AGC reception module and ALC emitting mould train etc. to realize reception and the transmitting of radio frequency signal.Wherein, AGC reception module has the advantages such as low noise, High Linear, high-gain; ALC emitting mould train has the advantages such as power output is high, High Linear, high-gain; Adopt electrically controlled attenuator to be conducive to protection IC device, avoid large-signal to the impact of device; Balance amplifying circuit is easy to and miscellaneous part cascade.Modular circuit in radio-frequency front-end assembly adopts thick-film technique to be arranged in PCB substrate, device can be integrated on circuit with the form of distributed constant, reduces using peripheral components as far as possible, makes whole transmitting-receiving subassembly more concentrated, integrated level is high, greatly reduces the volume of MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly.Adopting miniaturized dual-mode antenna, by increasing dielectric layer and the dielectric constant by improving substrate, the beamwidth of antenna being broadened; Thus by changing the dielectric constant of antenna element dielectric layer and high dielectric constant substrate, control wave beam width can be realized.Meanwhile, after increasing dielectric layer, antenna volume is much less than traditional antenna unit.
The present invention can have multiple multi-form embodiment; above for Fig. 1-Figure 14 by reference to the accompanying drawings to technical scheme of the present invention explanation for example; this does not also mean that the instantiation that the present invention applies can only be confined in specific flow process or example structure; those of ordinary skill in the art should understand; specific embodiments provided above is some examples in multiple its preferred usage, and the execution mode of any embodiment the claims in the present invention all should within technical solution of the present invention scope required for protection.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly, is characterized in that, comprising: the radio-frequency front-end transmitting-receiving subassembly of even number set;
Described radio-frequency front-end transmitting-receiving subassembly comprises: miniaturized dual-mode antenna, polarization converter, first passage filter, second channel filter, AGC receive module, ALC emitting mould train;
Described miniaturized dual-mode antenna is connected with the input that described AGC receives module by described polarization converter, described first passage filter successively; The output of described ALC emitting mould train is connected with described miniaturized dual-mode antenna by described second channel filter, described polarization converter successively;
Described AGC receives module and comprises the first balance amplifier, the first electrically controlled attenuator, the second balance amplifier, the first coupler and the first direct current treatment circuit;
The input of described first balance amplifier is the input that described AGC receives module, and output is connected with the input of described first electrically controlled attenuator; The output of described first electrically controlled attenuator is connected with the input of described first coupler by described second balance amplifier; The coupled output of described first coupler is connected with the control end of described first electrically controlled attenuator by described first direct current treatment circuit; The main output of described first coupler is the output that described AGC receives module;
Described ALC emitting mould train comprises the second electrically controlled attenuator, the 3rd balance amplifier, the 4th balance amplifier, the second coupler and the second direct current treatment circuit;
The input of described second electrically controlled attenuator is the input of described ALC emitting mould train, and the output of described second electrically controlled attenuator is connected with the input of described 3rd balance amplifier; The output of described 3rd balance amplifier is connected with the input of described second coupler by described 4th balance amplifier; The coupled output of described second coupler is connected with the control end of described second electrically controlled attenuator by described second direct current treatment circuit, and the main output of described second coupling circuit is the output of described ALC emitting mould train.
2. miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first electrically controlled attenuator and described second electrically controlled attenuator are matching type PIN diode electrically-tuned attenuator;
Described electrically controlled attenuator comprises: offset line, N number of PIN diode and two series resistances that transmission line and described transmission line are drawn; On described transmission line, the quarter-wave N number of Nodes in interval connects the positive pole of a PIN diode respectively in the same way, and the minus earth of PIN diode; Wherein, two PIN diode of both sides are connected ground connection after a described series resistance respectively;
Wherein, 2≤N≤6, and N number of described PIN diode is identical PIN diode.
3. miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first balance amplifier, the second balance amplifier, the 3rd balance amplifier, the 4th balance amplifier are the balance amplifier that structure is identical, comprising: a 3dB quadrature bridge, the 2nd 3dB quadrature bridge, IC amplifying device, the first resistance and the second resistance;
The coupled end of a described 3dB quadrature bridge is connected with two inputs of described IC amplifying device respectively with straight-through end; The coupled end of described 2nd 3dB quadrature bridge is connected with two outputs of described IC amplifying device respectively with straight-through end;
The isolation end of a described 3dB quadrature bridge is by ground connection after the first resistance, and the isolation end of described 2nd 3dB quadrature bridge is by ground connection after the second resistance;
The input of a described 3dB quadrature bridge is the input of described balance amplifier, and the output of described 2nd 3dB quadrature bridge is the output of described balance amplifier.
4. miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described miniaturized dual-mode antenna comprises: radiation fin, dielectric layer, slot antenna substrate and reflection cavity;
Described dielectric layer is arranged between the front of described radiation fin and described slot antenna substrate, and the dielectric constant of described dielectric layer is greater than the dielectric constant of air;
Described slot antenna substrate adopts high dielectric constant substrate, and the dielectric constant of described high dielectric constant substrate is greater than 3.5;
Described reflection cavity is arranged at the reverse side of described slot antenna substrate.
5. miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described slot antenna substrate comprises high dielectric constant substrate, microflute gap and transmission line;
Described microflute gap is arranged at the front of described high dielectric constant substrate, and described transmission line is arranged at the reverse side of described high dielectric constant substrate;
Described transmission line comprises microstrip line, complanar line, strip line, the line of rabbet joint; Described transmission line is as the transmission line of the crossed linear polarization antenna of two-way polarization orthogonal, the outer end of the transmission line of the crossed linear polarization antenna of described two-way polarization orthogonal is connected with two inputs of phase shift 90 degree of constant power distributors respectively, the two-way output of described phase shift 90 degree of constant power distributors outwards exports two-way crossed-circle poliarizing antenna signal, and two-way crossed-circle poliarizing antenna is respectively as the receiving terminal of described miniaturized dual-mode antenna and transmitting terminal; The transmission line excitation microflute gap of described crossed linear polarization antenna.
6. miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the transmission line of described two-way crossed linear polarization antenna is divided into four tunnel line branches respectively by decile power splitter, and described line branches encourages each section of gap in described excitation gap respectively;
Two inputs of described phase shift 90 degree of constant power distributors are connected across the output of the crossed linear polarization antenna transmission line of described two-way polarization orthogonal.
7. miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the span of the dielectric constant of described dielectric layer and described high dielectric constant substrate is:
3.5＜E＜10；1＜F＜10；
Wherein, E is the dielectric constant of high dielectric constant substrate, and F is the dielectric constant of dielectric layer.
8. miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first passage filter and described second channel filter are the low loss high selectivity multicavity filter that structure is identical;
Described low loss high selectivity multicavity filter is distributed couplings filter, comprising: resonant cavity main body, cover plate, inner wire, resonance frequency adjustment screw, input/output interface device; Described main body is the rectangular cavity of parallel integral, and cover plate is positioned at rectangular cavity two ends, has even number resonant cavity in main body, and its resonant cavity is the distributed couplings chamber of comb shape symmetry, and described resonance frequency adjustment screw is arranged on the back side of filter; Or
Described low loss high selectivity multicavity filter is the filter that distributed couplings combines with centralized coupling, comprising: resonant cavity main body, cover plate, inner wire, resonance frequency adjustment screw, input/output interface device; Described main body is the even column rectangular cavity of parallel integral, cover plate is positioned at rectangular cavity two ends, there is in main body even number resonant cavity, the resonant cavity on its both sides is the distributed couplings chamber of comb shape symmetry, two resonant cavitys of middle part are the coaxial resonant cavity of centralized coupling, and described resonance frequency adjustment screw is arranged on the back side of filter.
9. miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly according to claim 8, is characterized in that, all described path filters column distribution, composition multi-channel filter; Described AGC receives module and described ALC emitting mould train replaces and column distribution, composition multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly;
The MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly that described miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly is integrated, described multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly is arranged between the described miniaturized dual-mode antenna back side and described multi-channel filter front;
The MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly of described integral structure also comprises fixed support; Described fixed support is arranged on the two ends of described multi-channel filter and described multi-channel active transmitting-receiving subassembly, and described support bracket fastened surface uniform is laid with conducting strip.
10. according to the arbitrary described miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assembly of claim 1-9, it is characterized in that, described AGC receives module and described ALC emitting mould train is the distributed circuit using thick-film technique to realize.
11. miniaturization structure MiMo radio-frequency front-end assemblies according to claim 10, is characterized in that, described AGC receives module and described ALC emitting mould train is arranged in PCB substrate, and the dielectric constant of described PCB substrate is greater than 3.5.
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| CN201410768677.XA CN104702308A (en) | 2014-12-12 | 2014-12-12 | Micro structure MiMo radio frequency front end assembly |
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Application publication date: 20150610 |