CN114497622A

CN114497622A - Fuel cell system

Info

Publication number: CN114497622A
Application number: CN202111173476.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋文彬; 覃博文; 张迪; 沈巍; 王慧
Original assignee: Dongfeng Motor Corp
Current assignee: Dongfeng Motor Corp
Priority date: 2021-10-08
Filing date: 2021-10-08
Publication date: 2022-05-13
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-08
Also published as: CN114497622B

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell system, which comprises a shell, a distribution manifold and two electric stacks, wherein the shell is provided with a plurality of first fuel cells; the shell is internally provided with an installation cavity, and the two galvanic piles are symmetrically distributed in the installation cavity; the distribution manifold is arranged between the two electric piles and is connected with the air inlet end plates of the two electric piles; the distribution manifold and two the pile sets up along first direction, the distribution manifold has more than 2 butt joint pipes along the interval setting of second direction, the axial of butt joint pipe the first direction with the second direction is the angle setting each other. The application integrates 2 galvanic piles together through the gas distribution manifold, can realize high-power galvanic pile power output for power promotion through two small-power galvanic piles, and especially aims at power promotion of mirror-symmetrical medium and small-power galvanic piles. The fuel cell system can have larger pipe distribution space after being installed on a vehicle, is convenient for pipeline pipe distribution when the system is matched and integrated, and reduces the integration difficulty of the system.

Description

Fuel cell system

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a fuel cell system.

Background

The fuel cell electric automobile is considered to be one of the most important development technical routes of new energy automobiles due to the advantages of long driving range, convenient fuel filling, performance similar to that of the traditional automobile and the like.

The electric pile is a place where electrochemical reaction occurs, is also a core part of a fuel cell power system, and is formed by stacking and combining a plurality of single cells in series. And alternately superposing the bipolar plates and the membrane electrode, embedding a sealing element between each monomer, and tightly pressing the monomers by an air inlet end plate and a blind end plate and then fastening and fastening the monomers by a fastening piece to form the fuel cell stack. When the electric pile works, hydrogen and oxygen are respectively introduced from the inlet, distributed to the bipolar plates of the monocells through the main gas channel of the electric pile, uniformly distributed to the membrane electrode through the diversion of the bipolar plates, and contacted with the catalyst through the membrane electrode support body to carry out electrochemical reaction.

The number of individual cells connected in series by a single stack is limited, because when stacking, once a certain number is exceeded, the following problems arise: 1) the air distribution is uneven, so that the last batteries are not fully utilized; 2) the single battery is inconsistent, so that the voltage deviation of the single battery is overlarge; 3) uneven heat dissipation results in overheating of the middle single cell.

In order to solve the above problems, the fuel cell adopts a scheme of integrating a plurality of electric piles. That is, a fuel cell of higher power is composed of a plurality of electric stacks of lower power. In order to ensure the effective output power of the fuel cells with larger power, the internal reaction of each electric pile needs to be ensured, the uniform distribution of air is required for each electric pile, and therefore, the distribution manifold needs to be configured for the fuel cells integrated by a plurality of piles. The increase of the pipelines causes difficult pipe distribution, and the assembly and sealing of the pipelines and the shell also bring great challenges, thereby restricting the development and application of the multi-stack integrated fuel cell.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a fuel cell system, which simplifies the structure of a fluid distribution pipeline of a fuel cell, reduces the complexity of system integration and improves the reliability of subsequent system integration.

The technical scheme adopted for realizing the aim of the invention is that the fuel cell system comprises a shell, a distribution manifold and two electric piles; the shell is internally provided with an installation cavity, and the two galvanic piles are symmetrically distributed in the installation cavity; the distribution manifold is arranged between the two electric piles and is connected with the air inlet end plates of the two electric piles; the distribution manifold and two the pile sets up along first direction, the distribution manifold has more than 2 butt joint pipes along the interval setting of second direction, the axial of butt joint pipe the first direction with the second direction is the angle setting each other.

Optionally, the distribution manifold comprises an intake adaptation module and an exhaust adaptation module; three distribution channels are arranged in the air inlet adaptation module and the air outlet adaptation module;

the distribution channel comprises a butt joint flow channel, a main flow channel and two symmetrically distributed branch flow channels, the butt joint flow channel is formed by the tube cavities of the butt joint tubes, and the electric pile butt joint ports of the branch flow channels are used for being communicated with a fluid port of an electric pile of the fuel cell;

the inlet adapter module and the outlet adapter module are respectively provided with a first butt joint surface and a second butt joint surface which are arranged oppositely, and the stack butt joint interfaces of the distribution channel are distributed on the first butt joint surface and the second butt joint surface.

Optionally, the intake adapter module and the exhaust adapter module are both fan-shaped, the butt joint runner and the sub-runners are both linear runners, and the main runner is a curved runner;

from the branch flow channel to the butt joint flow channel, the cross-sectional area of the main flow channel is kept unchanged or increases;

the cross section area of the butt joint flow channel is equal to the sum of the areas of the pile butt joint ports of the sub-flow channels communicated with the butt joint flow channel.

Optionally, the air inlet adapter module and the air outlet adapter module both include two half shells distributed in mirror symmetry, each of the two half shells is provided with a through hole and a cavity with an outward opening, the openings of the two cavities are opposite to form three distribution channels, and the through holes form the stack butt joint.

Optionally, the intake adapter module and the exhaust adapter module are respectively provided with three sensor modules, and probes of the three sensor modules respectively extend into the three distribution channels.

Optionally, a flow dividing structure is arranged at a transition position between the main runner and the two sub-runners; the flow dividing structure is a flow dividing protrusion protruding towards the main flow channel; the probe of at least one sensor module is mounted in the shunt protrusion.

Optionally, the first and second mating surfaces are parallel and symmetrically distributed; a first sealing ring and/or a first sealing groove are/is arranged at the galvanic pile butt joint of the first butt joint surface and the second butt joint surface; more than one second sealing ring and/or second sealing groove are/is arranged on the outer pipe wall of the butt joint pipe.

Optionally, the two galvanic piles are distributed in mirror symmetry; the gas inlet end plates of the two electric piles are respectively provided with 6 fluid through holes, and the 6 fluid through holes are distributed on two sides of the gas inlet end plate and are distributed in a centrosymmetric manner; be located 3 of one side the fluid port is from last to being down in proper order: air inlet, coolant liquid row mouth, hydrogen row mouth are located 3 of opposite side the fluid port is from last to being down in proper order: a hydrogen inlet, a cooling liquid inlet and an air outlet;

the distribution manifold is provided with 12 electric pile butt-joint ports, and the 12 electric pile butt-joint ports are respectively communicated with 6 fluid ports of the two electric piles in a one-to-one correspondence mode.

Optionally, at least 4 supporting seats are arranged in the shell, and the air inlet end plate and the blind end plate of the two galvanic piles are arranged on the supporting seats; and the air inlet end plate and/or the dead end plate are/is fixedly connected with the supporting seat.

Optionally, at least 2 groups of positioning structures are arranged on the air distribution manifold and the air inlet end plate; the gas distribution manifold and the gas inlet end plate are positioned by the positioning structure and are fixedly connected by screws.

According to the technical scheme, the fuel cell system comprises a shell, a distribution manifold and two electric piles, wherein the shell is internally provided with an installation cavity, and the two electric piles are symmetrically distributed in the installation cavity. The utility model provides a fuel cell system adopts the built-in scheme of manifold, distribution manifold sets up between two electric piles, and distribution manifold all is connected with the inlet end plate of two electric piles, the manifold is built-in on the one hand can make the inlet end plate direct intercommunication of distribution manifold and electric pile, the inside pipeline that need not set up of fuel cell system, on the other hand, distribution manifold passes through the inlet end plate of electric pile and in the casing indirect fixation, distribution manifold is not direct to be connected with the casing, the system assembly technology has been simplified, and improve distribution manifold and inlet end plate's equipment precision. 2 galvanic piles are integrated together through the gas distribution manifold, so that the power output of the high-power galvanic pile for power boost through two small-power galvanic piles can be realized, and particularly the power boost of the mirror-symmetrical medium-small power galvanic pile can be realized.

The utility model provides an among the fuel cell system, distribution manifold and two galvanic piles set up along the first direction, distribution manifold has the butt joint pipe that sets up along the second direction interval more than 2, the butt joint pipe is used for the outside hydrogen supply subsystem of butt joint, oxygen supply subsystem, supply coolant liquid subsystem, through the axial that will dock the pipe, first direction and second direction set up to be the angle setting each other, make the fuel cell system that this application provided can have bigger cloth pipe space after installing on the vehicle, the system matches, the pipeline cloth pipe of being convenient for during the integration, the integrated degree of difficulty of system is reduced, the hydrogen supply subsystem of being convenient for, oxygen supply subsystem, supply the pipeline design of coolant liquid subsystem.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell system in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a NN-direction cross-sectional view of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the fuel cell system of fig. 1 with a housing removed.

Fig. 5 is an assembly structural view of a distribution manifold and an intake end plate in the fuel cell system of fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a structure of a distribution manifold in the fuel cell system of fig. 1.

FIG. 7 is a front view of the distribution manifold of FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 is a rear view of the distribution manifold of FIG. 6.

FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the distribution manifold of FIG. 6.

FIG. 10 is a top view of the distribution manifold of FIG. 6.

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view along AA of fig. 7.

Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of fig. 7.

Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of fig. 7.

Fig. 14 is a sectional view taken along line DD of fig. 7.

Fig. 15 is a sectional view taken along EE direction of fig. 7.

Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of FF of fig. 7.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of GG of FIG. 10.

Description of reference numerals: 1000-a fuel cell; 100-a distribution manifold; 200-stack, 210-inlet end plate, 211-fluid port, 220-dead end plate; 300-shell, 310-mounting cavity, 320-support seat, 330-mounting portion, 340-screw.

100-distribution manifold, 101-first abutment, 102-second abutment, 103-central symmetry plane; 10-an intake air adaptation module; 20-an exhaust adaptation module; 30-distribution channel, 31-butt joint channel, 32-main channel, 33-branch channel and 34-electric pile butt joint port; 40-half shell, 41-threaded hole, 42-butt joint pipe; 50-a flow-splitting protrusion; 60-a first sealing ring; 70-a first seal groove; 80-sensor module, 81-air detection sensor, 82-cooling liquid detection sensor, 821-probe, 83-hydrogen detection sensor.

30 a-air inlet and distribution channel, 30 b-cooling liquid distribution channel, 30 c-hydrogen distribution channel, 30 d-hydrogen inlet and distribution channel, 30 e-cooling liquid distribution channel and 30 f-air distribution channel.

31 a-air inlet and air distribution butt joint flow channel, 31 b-distribution cooling liquid butt joint flow channel, 31 c-hydrogen distribution gas butt joint flow channel, 31 d-hydrogen inlet and air distribution butt joint flow channel, 31 e-distribution cooling liquid butt joint flow channel and 31 f-air distribution gas butt joint flow channel.

34 a-air inlet and distribution interface, 34 b-cooling liquid distribution interface, 34 c-hydrogen distribution interface, 34 d-hydrogen inlet and distribution interface, 34 e-cooling liquid inlet and distribution interface, and 34 f-air distribution interface.

Detailed Description

In order to make the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application pertains, the following detailed description of the present application is made with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of specific embodiments.

The present embodiment provides a fuel cell system 1000, and referring to fig. 1 to 4, the fuel cell system 1000 is a dual-stack integrated fuel cell system 1000, which includes a distribution manifold 100, two stacks 200, and a housing 300. A mounting cavity 310 is provided in the housing 300, the distribution manifold 100 and the two stacks 200 are both located in the housing 300, and the two stacks are symmetrically distributed in the mounting cavity 310. The fuel cell system 1000 of the application adopts the scheme of the manifold is built-in, on the one hand, the manifold is built-in, so that the distribution manifold is directly communicated with the air inlet end plate of the electric pile, a pipeline does not need to be arranged in the fuel cell system, on the other hand, the distribution manifold is indirectly fixed in the shell through the air inlet end plate of the electric pile, the distribution manifold is not directly connected with the shell, the system assembly process is simplified, and the assembly precision of the distribution manifold and the air inlet end plate is improved.

The distribution manifold 100 and the two stacks 200 are arranged in a first direction, i.e., in the stacking direction of the bipolar plates in the stack 200, and the fuel cell system 1000 is, in this order, a left stack 200, the distribution manifold 100, and a right stack 200. Distribution manifold 100 has the butt joint pipe 42 that sets up along the second direction interval more than 2, and the butt joint pipe is used for butt joint outside hydrogen supply subsystem, oxygen supply subsystem, cooling liquid supply subsystem, sets up to be angle setting each other through axial, first direction and the second direction that will dock the pipe for the fuel cell system that this application provided can have bigger cloth pipe space after installing on the vehicle, the pipeline design of the hydrogen supply subsystem of being convenient for, oxygen supply subsystem, cooling liquid supply subsystem.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the two stacks 200 are arranged in a mirror symmetry manner, the distribution manifold 100 is disposed between the two stacks 200, and the distribution manifold 100 is communicated with the air inlet end plates 210 of the two stacks 200. The inlet end plates 210 of the two stacks 200 are provided with 6 fluid through holes 211, and the 6 fluid through holes 211 are distributed on two sides of the inlet end plates 210 and are distributed in central symmetry. The 3 fluid ports 211 located on one side of the substrate are sequentially from top to bottom: air inlet, coolant liquid row mouth, hydrogen row mouth are located 3 fluid ports 211 of opposite side and are from last to being down in proper order: hydrogen inlet, coolant inlet, air outlet. Through setting up air intlet and hydrogen import at the both ends of inlet end plate 210 for the air forms the convection current with hydrogen, improves the self humidification performance of electric pile 200. In addition, through setting up air intlet at last, the air escape is under, hydrogen import is at last, the hydrogen escape is under, adopts the distribution mode of advancing from top to bottom, is convenient for improve reaction efficiency.

That is, in the present embodiment, the first direction is a stacking direction of the bipolar plates in the stack 200; the second direction is the length direction of the bipolar plate (parallel to the long sides of the bipolar plate), and is also the long side direction of the inlet end plate 210, end plate 220, and distribution manifold 100; the axial direction of the interface tube 42, referred to as the third direction, is the width direction of the bipolar plate (parallel to the short sides of the bipolar plate) and is also the short side direction of the inlet end plate 210, end plate 220 and distribution manifold 100. After the fuel cell system 1000 of the present embodiment is mounted on a vehicle, the first direction or the second direction may be set to be parallel to the length direction of the vehicle, the third direction is the height direction, and the fluid pipes are arranged in the height direction, which is not only convenient for operation, but also does not occupy the space in the length and width directions of the vehicle, and the integration level is higher.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, the housing 300 is provided with 6 assembling portions 330, the distribution manifold 100 is provided with 6 butt-joint pipes 42, and the 6 butt-joint pipes 42 extend out of the housing 300 through the assembling portions 330, and are used for communicating with the hydrogen supply subsystem, the oxygen supply subsystem, and the cooling liquid supply subsystem outside the housing 300. The gap between the butt joint pipe 42 and the fitting part 330 is sealed by a second seal ring, and in order to ensure the sealing effect, more than 2 second seal rings may be provided at intervals in the axial direction of the butt joint pipe 42.

The distribution manifold 100 is constructed as shown in fig. 6 to 10, and includes two module units, namely, an inlet adapter module 10 and an outlet adapter module 20, which are respectively connected to two ends of an inlet end plate 210 of the stack 200, that is, the inlet adapter module 10 is connected to three of fluid through holes 211 of the inlet end plate 210 of the stack 200, and the outlet adapter module 20 is connected to the other three fluid through holes 211 of the inlet end plate 210 of the stack 200. The six distribution channels 30 of the intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20 are respectively used for air to enter and exit the stack 200, coolant to enter and exit the stack 200, and hydrogen to enter and exit the stack 200. Specifically, in this embodiment, the three distribution channels 30 of the intake adapter module 10 are an air intake and distribution channel 30a, a distributed coolant channel 30b, and a hydrogen distributed channel 30c, respectively, and the three distribution channels 30 corresponding to the exhaust adapter module 20 are a hydrogen intake and distribution channel 30d, a distributed coolant channel 30e, and an air distributed channel 30f, respectively.

The intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20 are respectively provided with three sensor modules 80, probes of the three sensor modules 80 respectively extend into three distribution channels, so that the six sensor modules 80 can be used for collecting relevant fluid data of air entering and exiting the electric pile 200, cooling liquid entering and exiting the electric pile 200 and hydrogen entering and exiting the electric pile 200, the sensors are arranged in the distribution manifold, the space occupied by the distribution manifold is reasonably utilized, and the volume of the fuel cell is reduced. The sensor module 80 includes at least one of a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a flow sensor, and may employ a single sensor or integrate two or three sensors. Independent sensors and all-in-one integrated sensors are the prior art, and the specific structure is not explained here.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the three sensor modules 80 are an air detection sensor 81 for detecting air, a coolant detection sensor 82 for detecting coolant, and a hydrogen detection sensor 83 for detecting hydrogen, respectively. In order to further reduce the volume of the distribution manifold, in the embodiment, the air detection sensor 81 is installed at the inlet/outlet adapter module 10/20 near the air inlet, and the probe of the air detection sensor 81 extends into the branch channel; the cooling liquid detection sensor 82 is arranged in the middle of the air inlet adaptation module 10/the air outlet adaptation module 20, and a probe of the cooling liquid detection sensor 82 extends into the main flow channel; the hydrogen detection sensor 83 is installed at the inlet adapter module 10/outlet adapter module 20 near the outlet of the hydrogen inlet manifold, and the probe of the hydrogen detection sensor 83 extends into the butt-joint flow channel.

Referring to fig. 17, each of the six distribution channels 30 includes a docking channel 31, a main channel 32, and two or more branch channels 33, where the docking channel 31 is used to communicate with a gas distribution system and a coolant circulation system of the fuel cell system, the main channel 32 communicates the docking channel 31 with the branch channels 33, the branch channels 33 are used to dock with the gas inlet end plates 210 of the stacks 200 of the fuel cells, the outlets of the branch channels 33 are the docking ports 34 of the stacks 200, and the docking ports 34 of the stacks 200 are in one-to-one communication with the fluid ports 211 of the gas inlet end plates 210 of the respective stacks 200 of the fuel cells. The intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20 each have a first mating surface 101 and a second mating surface 102 disposed opposite to each other, and the respective stack 200 mating interfaces 34 of the distribution passage 30 are distributed on the first mating surface 101 and the second mating surface 102. Because the positions of the distribution channels 30 are different, the orientations of the sub-runners 33 are different, and the sub-runners 33 do not interfere with each other, so that the effective lengths of the sub-runners 33 are allowed to be consistent, the problem of uniformity of fluid distribution in the process of integrating the galvanic pile 200 is solved, and the integration consistency of the galvanic pile 200 is improved.

The overall shape and size of the intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20 can be completely the same, and the cost of the mold for producing the intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20 is reduced. In the present embodiment, the intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20 are both fan-shaped, the docking channel 31 and the branch channel 33 are both linear channels, the main channel 32 is a curved channel, such as an arc-shaped channel, which is curved from top to bottom from the horizontal step by step, and the main channels 32 of the three distribution channels 30 located in the same intake adapter module 10/exhaust adapter module 20 are distributed in sequence along the radial direction. Specifically, in this embodiment, the three main flow channels 32 of the intake adapter module 10 are respectively an air intake and distribution main flow channel, a coolant distribution main flow channel, and a hydrogen exhaust and distribution main flow channel, and the three main flow channels 32 corresponding to the exhaust adapter module 20 are respectively a hydrogen intake and distribution main flow channel, a coolant intake and distribution main flow channel, and an air exhaust and distribution main flow channel. The cross-sectional area of the main flow passage 32 is kept constant or increases in the flow direction from the sub-flow passages 33 to the docking flow passage 31, facilitating the intake and discharge of air, coolant, and hydrogen.

In this embodiment, the main body portions of the intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20 are both fan-shaped, and the intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20 are both symmetrical structures, that is, the intake adapter module and the exhaust adapter module 20 can be divided into two mirror-symmetrical structures by a plane, that is, the intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20 both have a central symmetrical plane 103, and the first butt-joint surface 101 and the second butt-joint surface 102 are distributed on both sides of the central symmetrical plane 103. Because the intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20 are internally provided with 3 branched distribution channels 30, in order to simplify the production process of the intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20, in this embodiment, the intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20 both include two half shells 40 distributed in mirror symmetry, each of the two half shells 40 is provided with a through hole and a cavity with an outward opening, the openings of the two cavities are opposite to form three distribution channels 30, and the through holes form a pair of interfaces 34 of the stack 200.

The four half shells 40 forming the intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20 may be independent shell structures or may be connected in pairs. For example, in the present embodiment, the four half shells 40 are independent from each other, so that the assembled intake adapter module 10 and exhaust adapter module 20 are not physically connected, and therefore, the distance between the intake adapter module 10 and exhaust adapter module 20 can be adjusted according to the size of the intake end plate 210 of the stack 200, so as to adapt to more types of stacks 200, and compared with the integral distribution manifold 100, the volume of a single module unit is smaller, and when the distribution manifold 100 is produced in a large scale, the cost of one-time mold investment is low because the intake adapter module 10 and exhaust adapter module 20 are smaller in size. In other embodiments, the half shells 40 of the intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20 located on the same side may be provided as an integral structure, that is, the two half shells 40 having the first butt surfaces 101 are fixedly connected into a whole, and the two half shells 40 having the second butt surfaces 102 are fixedly connected into a whole, so that the production process is simplified, and two production molds are saved. A plurality of screw holes for mounting screws are provided on the outer circumference of the distribution manifold 100, and the distribution manifold 100 is fixedly coupled to the intake end plate 210 by the screws.

In selecting the material of the distribution manifold 100, the metal material may precipitate ions, which may cause catalyst contamination, and the metal material may be a conductor, which may cause a risk of electrical leakage. The material of the distribution manifold 100 should be chosen to be non-metallic. Specifically, in this embodiment, the material of the intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20 is at least one of PPA (polyphthalamide), GF (glass fiber for short), PA (polyamide, commonly referred to as nylon), and PPS (polyphenylene sulfide), and the material of the intake adapter module 10 and the material of the exhaust adapter module 20 may be the same or different. For example, PPA + GF30(GF addition 30% by weight of the entire material), PPA + GF40(GF addition 40% by weight of the entire material), PA6+ GF15, PPS, and the like can be used as the material of the distribution manifold 100. The above materials may be integrally molded to produce the half shell 40 by an injection molding process.

The number of the branch channels 33 in the distribution channel 30 depends on the number of the fuel cell stacks 200 in the adapted fuel cell, and referring to fig. 6 to 12, in the present embodiment, two branch channels 33 are provided in each distribution channel 30, and the two branch channels 33 are symmetrically distributed, that is, the central symmetry plane 103 of the intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20 is also the symmetry plane of the distribution channel 30. By arranging the air inlet adapter module 10 and the air outlet adapter module 20 to be symmetrical structures, arranging the internal distribution channel 30 to be symmetrical structures, and arranging the symmetrical surfaces of the distribution channel 30, the air inlet adapter module 10 and the air outlet adapter module 20 to be coplanar, on one hand, the completely symmetrical structures can ensure that the effective lengths of the fluid channels entering the two galvanic piles 200 in the same distribution channel 30 are completely the same, and the problem of uniformity of fluid distribution in the process of integrating the galvanic piles 200 is solved, so that the integration consistency of the galvanic piles 200 is improved. On the other hand, the two stacks 200 to which the distribution manifold 100 is connected may be arranged in a symmetrical manner, facilitating the design of the high-voltage and low-voltage lines of the two stacks 200 and the design of the fuel cell housing.

In order to reduce the pressure loss, in the present embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the butt joint flow channel 31 in the same distribution channel 30 is equal to the sum of the areas of the butt joint ports 34 of the stacks 200 of the sub-channels 33, so as to ensure that the areas of the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet in the distribution manifold 100 are consistent.

In order to further reduce the pressure loss, referring to fig. 11 to 17, in the present embodiment, a flow dividing structure is provided at a transition between the main flow channel 32 and the two branch flow channels 33, the flow dividing structure is a flow dividing protrusion 50 protruding toward the main flow channel 32, since the distribution channel 30, the intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20 are all symmetrical structures, the corresponding flow dividing protrusion 50 is also symmetrical structures, and a symmetrical plane of the flow dividing protrusion 50 is also a central symmetrical plane 103. Through setting up reposition of redundant personnel arch 50 for fluid is in 32 main flow channel when the transition department that is divided into two with two subchannel 33 through main flow channel 32, and reposition of redundant personnel arch 50 can lead the fluid, and the fluid in 32 main flow channel of being convenient for is divided into two bundles of flow, the equal identical reposition of redundant personnel of velocity of flow, and gets into two subchannel 33 smoothly under the direction of reposition of redundant personnel arch 50.

Fig. 12 and 15 show cross-sectional views of the transition between the main flow channel 32 and the two branch flow channels 33 in the distribution channel 30, and it can be seen that the cross-section of the transition between the main flow channel 32 and the two branch flow channels 33 is "Y" shaped, and it is analyzed that the "Y" shaped fluid chamber provided with the branch flow protrusion 50 can reduce the pressure loss 18KPa compared to the "T" shaped fluid chamber without the branch flow protrusion 50.

To facilitate mounting of the sensor module 80, in the present embodiment, the probe of the coolant detection sensor 82 is mounted in the flow dividing protrusion. Specifically, both the half shells are provided with mounting grooves, and the probes of the coolant detection sensor 82 are mounted in the mounting grooves and are in contact with the coolant, and can detect at least one of the temperature, pressure, and flow rate of the coolant. And set up the sealing washer in the mounting groove, avoid the coolant liquid to reveal from the mounting groove.

Since the six fluid ports 211 in the inlet end plate 210 of the stack 200 are generally distributed in a central symmetry manner, referring to fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the three stack 200 pair ports 34 at the first docking surface 101 and the three stack 200 pair ports 34 at the second docking surface 102 in the inlet adapter module 10 are sequentially arranged along the second direction, and the three stack 200 pair ports 34 at the first docking surface 101 and the three stack 200 pair ports 34 at the second docking surface 102 in the outlet adapter module 20 are also sequentially arranged along the second direction. That is, the six stack 200 docking ports 34 of the intake adapter module 10 and the six stack 200 docking ports 34 of the exhaust adapter module 20 are distributed at both ends, and can be matched with the structure of the intake end plate 210 of the current stack 200.

And the six stack 200 pair interfaces 34 located at the first mating surface 101 are distributed in central symmetry, and are located in the six stack 200 pair interfaces 34 of the first mating surface 101: the three electric pile 200 butt-joint ports 34 corresponding to the air inlet adapter module 10 are respectively an air inlet and air distribution butt-joint port 34a, a cooling liquid discharge and distribution butt-joint port 34b and a hydrogen gas discharge and distribution butt-joint port 34c, and the three electric pile 200 butt-joint ports 34 corresponding to the air outlet adapter module 20 are respectively a hydrogen gas inlet and air distribution butt-joint port 34d, a cooling liquid inlet and distribution butt-joint port 34e and an air discharge and distribution butt-joint port 34 f. The six stack 200 pair interfaces 34 at the second interface 102 are also arranged as described above.

Referring to fig. 10, the butt joint flow channels 31 of the intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20 are sequentially arranged along a first direction, for example, from left to right, and three butt joint flow channels 31 of the intake adapter module 10 are a hydrogen discharge and distribution gas butt joint flow channel 31c, a discharge and distribution coolant butt joint flow channel 31b, and an air intake and distribution gas butt joint flow channel 31a, respectively; from left to right, the three docking runners 31 of the exhaust adapter module 20 are a hydrogen inlet and air distribution docking runner 31d, a cooling liquid inlet and distribution docking runner 31e, and an air exhaust and distribution docking runner 31f, respectively. The first direction and the second direction are arranged at an angle, so that the docking channel 31 and the docking port 34 of the stack 200 are located at different azimuth sides, and the stack 200 and an external hydrogen supply subsystem, an oxygen supply subsystem and a cooling liquid supply subsystem are conveniently arranged. In this embodiment, the first direction is parallel to the long side direction of the bipolar plate of the stack 200, and the second direction is parallel to the short side direction of the bipolar plate of the stack 200.

Since the first and second mating surfaces 101 and 102 of the intake and

exhaust adapter modules

10 and 20 are respectively mated with the intake end plates 210 of the two stacks 200, the first and second mating surfaces 101 and 102 are parallel and symmetrically distributed, and the first and second mating surfaces 101 and 102 are parallel to the central symmetry plane 103. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the first seal ring 60 and/or the first seal groove 70 are disposed at the stack 200 interface 34 of the first interface 101 and the second interface 102. That is, the first sealing ring 60 may be provided only at the stack 200 docking port 34 of the first docking surface 101 and the second docking surface 102, and the first sealing ring 60 may be adhered to the stack 200 docking port 34; in some embodiments, the first sealing groove 70 may be provided only at the stack 200 docking interface 34 of the first docking surface 101 and the second docking surface 102, and the first sealing ring 60 is installed in the first sealing groove 70 in the subsequent fuel cell assembly process; in other embodiments, a first seal groove 70 may be disposed at the stack 200 docking interface 34 of the first docking surface 101 and the second docking surface 102, and a first seal ring 60 may be installed in the first seal groove 70.

In order to facilitate the docking of the external hydrogen supply subsystem, oxygen supply subsystem, and cooling liquid supply subsystem, in this embodiment, the intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20 are respectively provided with more than one docking pipe 42, and the lumens of the docking pipes 42 form the docking flow channel 31. Specifically, in this embodiment, the adapter module and the exhaust adapter module 20 are respectively provided with three butt-joint pipes 42, and the lumens of the three butt-joint pipes 42 form three butt-joint flow passages 31. In other embodiments, only one or two butt-jointed pipes may be disposed on the intake adapter module 10 and the exhaust adapter module 20, and the partition plates are disposed in the butt-jointed pipes, so that the lumens of the butt-jointed pipes form two or three butt-jointed flow passages 31. More than one second sealing ring and/or second sealing groove are/is arranged on the outer pipe wall of the butt joint pipe 42, and are used for realizing the assembly and sealing of the butt joint pipe 42 and the shell of the fuel cell.

Referring to fig. 3 to 5, in the present embodiment, the 6 stack 200 pair ports 34 of the first butt-joint face 101 of the distribution manifold 100 are respectively butted against the 6 fluid port openings 211 on the inlet end plate 210 of the left stack 200, the 6 stack 200 pair ports 34 of the second butt-joint face 102 of the distribution manifold 100 are respectively butted against the 6 fluid port openings 211 on the inlet end plate 210 of the left stack 200, and the butt-joint portions are sealed by the first sealing ring 60. In order to fix the distribution manifold 100, a plurality of screw holes are provided on the outer circumference of the distribution manifold 100, and the distribution manifold 100 is fixedly coupled to the intake end plate 210 by screws. Specifically, in this embodiment, the cell stack 200 on the left side is fixedly connected to the two half shells 40 on the right side by screws, and the cell stack 200 on the right side is fixedly connected to the two half shells 40 on the left side by screws, so that the sealing effect of the first sealing ring 60 is further improved.

In order to fix the distribution manifold 100 and the stacks 200, referring to fig. 3 to 5, in the present embodiment, at least 4 support seats 320 are disposed in the casing 300, the inlet end plate 210 and the blind end plate 220 of two stacks 200 are disposed on the support seats 320, and the inlet end plate 210 and/or the blind end plate 220 are fixedly connected to the support seats 320. Specifically, 4 sets of support seats 320 are disposed in the casing 300, the 4 sets of support seats 320 respectively support the inlet end plate 210 and the dead end plate 220 of the two stacks 200, and the inlet end plate 210 is fixedly connected to the two corresponding sets of support seats 320 through screws 340.

In order to improve the assembly accuracy, in this embodiment, at least 2 sets of positioning structures are arranged on the distribution manifold 100 and the inlet end plate 210, and the distribution manifold and the inlet end plate are positioned by the positioning structures, so that the positioning accuracy of connection and fixation is ensured, and the position accuracy of the distribution manifold mounted on the inlet end plates of the two side stacks can be better ensured, so that 2 stacks are distributed by one distribution manifold simultaneously, and the positions and the adaptations of the distribution manifold and the two stacks are ensured. 2 galvanic piles are integrated together through the gas distribution manifold, so that the power output of the high-power galvanic pile for power boost through two small-power galvanic piles can be realized, and particularly the power boost of the mirror-symmetrical medium-small power galvanic pile can be realized.

With the above embodiment, the fuel cell system of the present application has the following advantages:

1. in the process of designing the high-power fuel cell stack, the power of the two stacks with smaller power can be increased, and particularly the power of the middle-power and small-power stacks with mirror symmetry can be increased.

2. According to the fuel cell system, the fluid inlet and outlet of the distribution manifold are arranged on the long side of the bipolar plate, so that the pipe distribution space is large, the pipe distribution of a pipeline is convenient during the matching and integration of the system, and the integration difficulty of the system is reduced;

3. the fuel cell system can solve the problem of uniformity of fluid distribution in the process of stack integration based on the structural design of the distribution manifold, thereby improving the consistency of stack integration.

4. The fuel cell system can solve the problems of difficult installation and easy air leakage of the interface of the external runner in the pile integration process, solves the problems of difficult installation and easy air leakage of the connection surface of the central adaptive manifold and the piles at two ends, reduces the integration difficulty of the system and reduces the investment of a disposable mould.

While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.

Claims

1. A fuel cell system characterized by: comprises a shell, a distribution manifold and two electric stacks; the shell is internally provided with an installation cavity, and the two galvanic piles are symmetrically distributed in the installation cavity; the distribution manifold is arranged between the two electric piles and is connected with the air inlet end plates of the two electric piles; the distribution manifold and two the pile sets up along first direction, the distribution manifold has more than 2 butt joint pipes along the interval setting of second direction, the axial of butt joint pipe the first direction with the second direction is the angle setting each other.

2. The fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein: the distribution manifold comprises an intake adaptation module and an exhaust adaptation module; three distribution channels are arranged in the air inlet adaptation module and the air outlet adaptation module;

3. The fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein: the air inlet adaptation module and the air outlet adaptation module are both in a fan shape, the butt joint flow channel and the sub-flow channels are both linear flow channels, and the main flow channel is a bent flow channel;

4. The fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein: the air inlet adaptation module and the air outlet adaptation module respectively comprise two half shells which are symmetrically distributed on a mirror surface, through holes and cavities with outward openings are formed in the two half shells, the openings of the two cavities are opposite to form three distribution channels, and the through holes form a galvanic pile butt joint.

5. The fuel cell system according to claim 4, wherein: the air inlet adaptation module and the air outlet adaptation module are respectively provided with three sensor modules, and probes of the three sensor modules respectively extend into the three distribution channels.

6. The fuel cell system according to claim 5, wherein: a flow distribution structure is arranged at the transition position of the main runner and the two sub-runners; the flow dividing structure is a flow dividing bulge protruding towards the main flow channel; the probe of at least one sensor module is mounted in the shunt protrusion.

7. The fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein: the first butt joint surface and the second butt joint surface are parallel and symmetrically distributed; a first sealing ring and/or a first sealing groove are/is arranged at the galvanic pile butt joint of the first butt joint surface and the second butt joint surface; more than one second sealing ring and/or second sealing groove are/is arranged on the outer pipe wall of the butt joint pipe.

8. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the two galvanic piles are symmetrically distributed in a mirror surface manner; the gas inlet end plates of the two electric piles are respectively provided with 6 fluid through holes, and the 6 fluid through holes are distributed on two sides of the gas inlet end plate and are distributed in a centrosymmetric manner; be located 3 of one side the fluid port is from last to being down in proper order: air inlet, coolant liquid row mouth, hydrogen row mouth are located 3 of opposite side the fluid port is from last to being down in proper order: a hydrogen inlet, a cooling liquid inlet and an air outlet;

9. The fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: at least 4 supporting seats are arranged in the shell, and the air inlet end plate and the blind end plate of the two galvanic piles are arranged on the supporting seats; and the air inlet end plate and/or the dead end plate are/is fixedly connected with the supporting seat.

10. The fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: at least 2 groups of positioning structures are arranged on the air distribution manifold and the air inlet end plate; the gas distribution manifold and the gas inlet end plate are positioned by the positioning structure and are fixedly connected by screws.