CN114487102A - Weld phased array ultrasonic detection method with extra height - Google Patents
Weld phased array ultrasonic detection method with extra height Download PDFInfo
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- CN114487102A CN114487102A CN202111670613.2A CN202111670613A CN114487102A CN 114487102 A CN114487102 A CN 114487102A CN 202111670613 A CN202111670613 A CN 202111670613A CN 114487102 A CN114487102 A CN 114487102A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of weld joint detection, in particular to a phased array ultrasonic detection method for a weld joint of medium-thick-wall austenitic stainless steel with extra height, which comprises the following steps: respectively detecting the middle lower part in the thickness direction of the welding seam on the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the welding seam through a phased array ultrasonic detection device by adopting a direct-wave method, and acquiring first detection data; and respectively detecting the middle and upper parts in the thickness direction of the welding seam on the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the welding seam through a phased array ultrasonic detection device by adopting a secondary wave method, and acquiring second detection data. According to the welding seam phased array ultrasonic detection method with the extra height, based on the method, when the welding seam is detected, the extra height of the welding seam does not need to be polished, detection data can be accurately and quickly obtained under the conditions that the structural form of the welding seam is not changed and the original structural strength is not influenced, the detection efficiency can be improved, and the detection cost is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of weld joint detection, in particular to a phased array ultrasonic detection method for a weld joint of medium-thick-wall austenitic stainless steel with extra height.
Background
The ultrasonic detection of the austenitic stainless steel welding seam is required to implement direct wave (primary wave) detection on two sides of a welding joint in principle according to relevant detection standard requirements. If the conditions are limited, there may be no detection space, and therefore, the detection personnel cannot perform detection on the inner wall of the welded joint. For example, when the diameter of the pipe is small or when there is a structural obstruction inside the container, the inspection personnel cannot perform the inspection inside, and can perform the inspection only on one side or one side of the welded joint. As shown in fig. 1, when the inspection is performed on one side or one side of the welded joint, the welded joint should be polished to be flush with the adjacent base material, and then the direct wave (primary wave) inspection is performed.
However, the austenitic stainless steel welding seam has large wall thickness and large residual height, and the number of the welding seams is large, so that the labor cost and the time cost are high and the workload is great if the residual height of the welding seam is polished; in addition, even if the weld reinforcement is polished, the flatness and the roughness after polishing cannot meet the standard requirements; moreover, the austenitic stainless steel at the weld line is large in deformation and shrinkage, so that the weld after polishing the excess height is difficult to be flush with the adjacent base material. The ultrasonic coupling effect is poor due to the fact that the ultrasonic coupling effect is poor, the ultrasonic direct wave can only detect the lower portion of the welding line and cannot detect the middle upper portion of the welding line, and the structural strength is affected to a certain extent after the welding line is polished.
As shown in fig. 2, if the ultrasonic detection is performed in consideration of the weld reinforcement height, the detection of the entire detection area of the entire volume of the weld can be completed only by covering the middle-upper portion of the weld with an ultrasonic secondary wave (primary reflected wave). However, the austenitic stainless steel weld has a columnar crystal structure, coarse grains and anisotropic elastic anisotropy, and when ultrasonic waves are transmitted in the weld, problems such as sound velocity change, scattering attenuation, beam deflection, wave mode conversion and the like can be caused; moreover, because the ultrasonic secondary wave needs to be reflected on the bottom surface of the inner wall of the welding seam, the acoustic energy bottom surface reflection loss is caused, and the interface absorption attenuation is caused; meanwhile, the propagation path is increased, the sound wave diffusion is increased, and the sound beam diffusion attenuation is increased; the ultrasonic reflection wave propagates in the coarse grain anisotropic weld joint, and the scattering attenuation of the material is caused. The problem increases the difficulty of secondary wave detection of the welding seam of the austenitic stainless steel with the medium-thick wall.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least the above technical problems in the prior art, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a weld phased array ultrasonic detection method with extra height.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a welding seam phased array ultrasonic testing method with extra height on one hand, the welding seam with extra height is formed by welding the edges of two metal structures, one metal structure is positioned on the first side of the welding seam, the other metal structure is positioned on the second side of the welding seam, and the method comprises the following steps: respectively detecting the middle lower part in the thickness direction of the welding seam on the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the welding seam through a phased array ultrasonic detection device by adopting a direct-wave method, and acquiring first detection data; and respectively detecting the middle and upper parts in the thickness direction of the welding seam on the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the welding seam through a phased array ultrasonic detection device by adopting a secondary wave method, and acquiring second detection data.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises: respectively detecting the first surface of the welding seam on the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the welding seam through the phased array ultrasonic detection equipment by adopting a direct-wave method, and acquiring third detection data; the first surface of the weld is the surface on the same side as the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the weld.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises: respectively detecting the second surface of the welding seam on the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the welding seam through the phased array ultrasonic detection equipment by adopting a secondary wave method, and acquiring fourth detection data; the second surface of the weld is a face opposite the upper surface of the first and second sides of the weld.
In some embodiments, the number of channels of a single simultaneous excitation of the phased array ultrasound inspection apparatus is not less than a first set point, and the number of array elements of a single phased array ultrasound array probe is not less than a second set point.
In some embodiments, the number of channels of a single simultaneous excitation of the phased array ultrasound inspection apparatus is not less than 32, and the number of array elements of a single phased array ultrasound array probe is not less than 32.
In some embodiments, when the phased array ultrasonic detection device detects the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the welding seam, the first end of the welding seam along the length direction of the welding seam is a detection starting point of the phased array ultrasonic detection device, and the second end of the welding seam is a detection end point of the phased array ultrasonic detection device.
In some embodiments, the detecting, by the phased array ultrasonic inspection apparatus, the middle-lower portion of the thickness direction of the weld using the direct wave method on the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the weld, respectively, includes: the step deflection of the phased array ultrasonic detection equipment is half of the width of the first surface of the welding seam, the minimum sector scanning angle and the maximum sector scanning angle at least cover the middle lower part of the welding seam in the thickness direction, and the focusing depth is larger than or equal to the thickness of the welding seam.
In some embodiments, detecting the middle-upper portion in the thickness direction of the weld using a secondary wave method by the phased array ultrasonic detection apparatus on the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the weld, respectively, includes: the stepping bias, the minimum sector scanning angle and the maximum sector scanning angle of the phased array ultrasonic detection equipment at least cover the middle-upper part in the thickness direction of the welding seam, and the focusing depth is more than or equal to 2 times of the thickness of the welding seam.
In some embodiments, when the phased array ultrasonic detection device detects the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the welding seam by adopting a direct wave method or a secondary wave method: the encoders of the phased array ultrasonic inspection apparatus are oppositely polarized on the first and second sides of the weld.
In some embodiments, the acoustic wave transmission and reception mode of the phased array ultrasonic detection apparatus is self-transmission and self-reception, and the waveform of the acoustic wave is longitudinal wave.
According to the welding seam phased array ultrasonic detection method with the extra height, based on the method, when the welding seam is detected, the extra height of the welding seam does not need to be polished, detection data can be accurately and quickly obtained under the conditions that the structural form of the welding seam is not changed and the original structural strength is not influenced, the detection efficiency can be improved, and the detection cost is saved.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will become readily apparent from the following detailed description read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in which:
in the drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of ultrasonic detection after polishing of weld reinforcement in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of ultrasonic testing without polishing of weld reinforcement in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a first flowchart of a weld phased array ultrasonic testing method with extra height according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a second flowchart of a weld phased array ultrasonic testing method with extra height according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the size of a V-shaped groove, the position and the size of a half through hole of a test piece of a butt joint of a welding seam in the embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a bottom open groove, a surface open groove, and a detection start position and direction, a first side and a second side of a test piece of a butt joint of a weld joint according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating secondary wave imaging with a probe array element number of 32 or a single simultaneous excitation channel number of 32 by a phased array ultrasonic detector in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a secondary wave imaging of a probe array element number of 16 or a single simultaneous excitation channel number of 16 of a phased array ultrasonic detector in the embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 9 is a sector scan image of the half-through holes 502, 503, 504 on the first side of the test piece in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 10 is a sector scan image of the half-through holes 502, 503, 504 on the second side of the test piece in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 11 is a B-scan imaging of a first side of a test piece against an open slot 601, 602 in an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 12 is a B-scan imaging of a second side of a test piece against a bottom opening slot 601, 602 in an embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 13 is a sector scan image of the half-through holes 501, 502 on the first side of the test piece in the embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 14 is a sector scan image of the half-through holes 501 and 502 on the second side of the test piece in the embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 15 is a B-scan imaging of a second side of a test piece against a surface opening slot 603 in an embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 16 is a B-scan imaging of a first side of a test piece against a surface opening slot 603 in an embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a relative position relationship between sector scanning imaging and a weld model of a first side surface opening groove 603 of a test piece in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
The utility model provides a welding seam phased array ultrasonic testing method with extra height, the edge welding of two metal structure forms the welding seam with extra height, one the metal structure place side is the first side of welding seam, another the metal structure place side is the second side of welding seam, as shown in figure 3, the method includes:
step S102: respectively detecting the middle lower part in the thickness direction of the welding seam on the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the welding seam through a phased array ultrasonic detection device by adopting a direct-wave method, and acquiring first detection data;
step S104: and respectively detecting the middle and upper parts in the thickness direction of the welding seam on the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the welding seam through a phased array ultrasonic detection device by adopting a secondary wave method, and acquiring second detection data.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the method further comprises:
step S102-1: respectively detecting the first surface of the welding seam on the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the welding seam through the phased array ultrasonic detection equipment by adopting a direct-wave method, and acquiring third detection data; the first surface of the weld is the surface on the same side as the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the weld.
Step S104-1: respectively detecting the second surface of the welding seam on the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the welding seam through the phased array ultrasonic detection equipment by adopting a secondary wave method, and acquiring fourth detection data; the second surface of the weld is a face opposite the upper surface of the first and second sides of the weld.
In the embodiment of the disclosure, when the welding seam is detected, the surplus height of the welding seam does not need to be polished, and the phased array ultrasonic detection is performed on the welding seam with the surplus height. Specifically, the phased array ultrasonic detector is used for carrying out single-side and double-side detection on the welding line with the surplus height, and an image display interface of the phased array ultrasonic detector presents a welding line form to assist in interpreting defects.
For example, the number of channels of a single simultaneous excitation of the phased array ultrasonic detection device is not less than a first set value, and the number of array elements of a single phased array ultrasonic array probe is not less than a second set value. For example, the phased array ultrasonic detector of the phased array ultrasonic detection equipment with the array element number of at least 32 channels for single simultaneous excitation has the central frequency of a phased array ultrasonic linear array probe not more than 5MHz, the array element number of at least 32, the array element width of at least 1mm and the driven shaft aperture of at least 20mm, and a corresponding wedge block, wherein the emergent wave mode of the wedge block is longitudinal wave, the wedge block angle is 16.5 degrees, the emergent angle is 45 degrees, the wedge block is arranged on the probe, and the probe is connected to the detector.
In some embodiments, before the weld seam detection is performed by using the phased array ultrasonic detection equipment, relevant parameters of the metal structure and the weld seam need to be acquired in advance. For example, relevant parameters include the shape, size, material, type of weld, etc. of the metal structure. For example, the relevant parameters include whether the metal structure is a flat plate or an arc plate, the dimensions include length, width and thickness, the material is austenitic stainless steel, and the weld is V-shaped.
In some embodiments, when the welding seam phased array ultrasonic detection is carried out, a first group of subarea detection parameters are set, and a direct-wave method is adopted for detecting the welding seam of the middle lower part in the thickness direction; and setting a second group of subarea detection parameters, and adopting a secondary wave method for detecting the welding seam of the upper part in the thickness direction. The lower middle part of the weld is explained as: the middle position of the welding seam along the thickness direction or the part between the middle position and the bottom of the welding seam; the upper part of the weld is interpreted as: the middle position or a portion toward the middle position in the thickness direction of the weld to the top of the weld.
For example, the two sets of partition detection parameters respectively include a focusing rule parameter, a calibration, an ultrasound parameter, a scanning, and the like.
For example, the first set of zone focus parameters: the acoustic wave transmitting and receiving mode is self-transmitting and self-receiving, basic parameters of an array probe and basic parameters of a longitudinal wave wedge block are input, a sector scanning mode is selected, a wave mode is a longitudinal wave, the number of excitable array elements is set to be at least 32, the serial number of an excited first array element is 1, step offset (the distance from the front edge of the wedge block to the center line of a welding seam) is set to be half of the width of the welding seam on the upper surface, the minimum sector scanning angle and the maximum sector scanning angle can at least cover the middle half part and the lower half part of the thickness direction of the welding seam, the angle step pitch is not more than 1 degree, the focusing mode is real depth focusing, the focusing depth is more than or equal to the thickness of the welding seam, and therefore a focusing rule is generated.
For example, calibration: and performing sound velocity calibration, if the sound velocity of the workpiece material is known, not performing sound velocity calibration, performing wedge block delay calibration, and performing sensitivity calibration (ACG) and time gain correction (TCG) on the first group of subareas.
For example, setting ultrasound parameters; the starting depth and depth range of the display are set mainly so as to cover the thickness direction range of the first group of detection sections, and the display gain.
For example, set the scan parameters: the scanning starting 0 point is one end in the length direction of the welding seam, the polarities of the encoders at the two sides of the welding seam during scanning are opposite, the range of a scanning area at least comprises the length range of the defect to be detected, the pulse repetition frequency is at least 50Hz and not more than 500Hz, the scanning step is not more than 1mm, and the comprehensive setting of the maximum scanning speed and the resolution of the encoders does not lead the scanned image to be interrupted.
For example, the second set of zonal focus parameters: the acoustic wave transmitting and receiving mode is self-transmitting and self-receiving, basic parameters of an array probe and basic parameters of a longitudinal wave wedge block are input, a sector scanning mode is selected, the wave mode is a longitudinal wave, the number of excitable array elements is set to be at least 32, the serial number of an excited first array element is 1, step bias, the minimum sector scanning angle and the maximum sector scanning angle are set to cover at least the middle upper part in the thickness direction of a welding seam, the angle step distance is not more than 1 degree, the focusing mode is real depth focusing, the focusing depth is more than or equal to 2 times the thickness of the welding seam, and therefore a focusing rule is generated.
For example, calibration: and performing sound velocity calibration, if the sound velocity of the workpiece material is known, not performing sound velocity calibration, then performing wedge block delay calibration, and performing sensitivity calibration (ACG) and time gain correction (TCG) on the second group of subareas.
For example, set the ultrasound parameters: the starting depth and the depth range of the display are set mainly so as to cover the thickness direction range of the second group of component detection sections, and the gain is displayed.
For example, set the scan parameters: the scanning starting 0 position is one end in the length direction of the welding seam (the end is the same as the scanning starting 0 position in the first group of subarea detection parameters), the polarities of the encoders at the two sides of the welding seam during scanning are opposite, the range of a scanning area at least comprises the length range of a defect to be detected, the pulse repetition frequency is at least 50Hz and not more than 500Hz, the scanning step is not more than 1mm, and the comprehensive setting of the maximum scanning speed and the resolution of the encoders does not lead to the discontinuity of the scanned image.
In some embodiments, in the phased array ultrasonic inspection operation, after the couplant is coated on the weld joint, two sets of partitioned single-sided and double-sided scanning are respectively performed on the outer surface of the weld joint, inspection data (including first inspection data, second inspection data, third inspection data and fourth inspection data) are collected, and the inspection data are stored for analysis.
Based on the method provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, when the welding seam is detected, the welding seam surplus height is not required to be polished, and under the conditions that the structural form of the welding seam is not changed and the original structural strength is not influenced, the detection data can be accurately and quickly obtained, so that the detection efficiency can be improved, and the detection cost can be saved.
The following is a description of a feasibility of the weld phased array ultrasonic inspection method with extra height provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.
Firstly, a welding joint test piece is manufactured, the test piece simulates a real welding seam structure with extra height, and the phased array ultrasonic detection method is utilized to detect the welding joint test piece.
And manufacturing flat plate butt-joint welding joint test pieces with the middle-thick-wall austenitic stainless steel groove type and the V-shaped welding line type. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the specific parameters of the test piece for welding the joint are as follows: the blunt edge height of V type groove is 2mm, and the blunt edge skew is 2mm, and the groove depth 43, groove angle 64, the welding seam width is 59.57 mm. The thickness of the test piece is 45mm, the width of the test piece in the direction perpendicular to the welding line is 300mm, the length of the test piece in the direction parallel to the welding line is 300mm, and artificial defects of circular half through holes with the diameter of 2mm, the length of 50mm and the depths of 5mm, 15mm, 25mm and 35mm are processed in one end in the length direction of the welding joint, such as a half through hole 501, a half through hole 502, a half through hole 503 and a half through hole 504 in fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 6, a bottom open slot with the length of 10mm, the height of 2mm and the width of 1mm is processed on the central line of a welding seam at the position 105mm away from the same end of the artificial defect of the semi-through hole; processing a bottom open slot with the length of 15mm, the height of the bottom open slot of 4mm and the width of 1mm at a position 205mm away from the same end of the artificial defect of the half through hole, such as an open slot 601 and an open slot 602 in the figure 6; and processing an outer surface opening groove with the length of 25mm, the height of the outer surface opening groove of 2mm and the width of 1mm at the position 240mm away from the same end of the artificial defect of the half through hole, such as an opening groove 603 in fig. 6.
The method comprises the steps of selecting a phased array ultrasonic detector with the maximum array element number of 32 channels, wherein the central frequency is 2.25MHz, the array element number is 32, the array element width is 1mm, the array element gap is 0.2mm, the driven shaft aperture is 20mm, and the phased array ultrasonic linear array probe is a corresponding wedge block, the emergent wave pattern of the wedge block is longitudinal wave, the wedge block angle is 16.5 degrees, the emergent angle is 45 degrees, the height of a first wafer is 46.5mm, the main shaft deflection is 52.6mm, the wedge block driven shaft width is 20mm, the minor shaft deflection is 20mm, the wedge block is installed on the probe, and the probe is connected to the phased array ultrasonic detector.
Aiming at a medium-thickness wall austenitic stainless steel welding seam with a certain thickness, the channel number simultaneously excited by a single phased array ultrasonic detector and the array element number of a single phased array ultrasonic array probe have great influence on the secondary wave detection method. For example, when other conditions are the same and the probe array elements are all excited respectively, the contrast probe array elements are 32 and 16 respectively (or the channels excited by the phased array ultrasonic detector at a time are 32 and 16 respectively), the contrast probe array elements are used for detecting the difference of the two-wave imaging of the half through hole 501 and the half through hole 502 in fig. 5. As shown in fig. 7, an image 701 in a dotted line frame is an image of the half through hole 501 in fig. 5, an image 702 is an image of the half through hole 502 in fig. 5, an image 801 in a dotted line frame in fig. 8 is an image of the half through hole 501 in fig. 5, and an image 802 is an image of the half through hole 502 in fig. 5. As can be seen from the comparison between fig. 7 and fig. 8, the imaging resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of fig. 7 are significantly better than those of fig. 8, the imaging of the half-through hole of fig. 8 is distorted, and the non-correlation shows that the imaging is more and significantly stronger than that of the half-through hole. Therefore, a phased array ultrasonic detector with 16 array elements or 16 channels is not suitable for secondary wave detection.
The method comprises the steps of setting the actual workpiece thickness to be 45mm in an operation interface of the phased array ultrasonic detector, selecting austenitic stainless steel as a material, setting the sound velocity to be 5800m/s, setting the workpiece type to be a flat butt weld, setting the groove type of a weld to be V-shaped, setting the blunt edge height of a groove to be 2mm, setting the blunt edge offset to be 2mm, setting the groove depth to be 43, setting the groove angle to be 64 degrees, and setting the width of the weld to be 59.57mm, so that the image display interface of the phased array ultrasonic detector presents the weld type to assist in interpretation defects.
Setting a first group of subarea detection parameters, and adopting a direct wave method for detecting the defects of the welding joints of the middle and lower parts in the thickness direction:
(1) first set of zonal focus parameters: the acoustic wave transmitting and receiving mode is self-transmitting and self-receiving, basic parameters of the array probe and basic parameters of a longitudinal wave wedge block are input, a sector scanning mode is selected, the wave mode is longitudinal wave, the number of excitable array elements is set to be 32, the number of the excited first array elements is 1, the step deflection is set to be 30mm, the minimum sector scanning angle is set to be 40 degrees and the maximum sector scanning angle is set to be 85 degrees, the parameters at least can cover the depth range of 15mm to 45mm in the thickness direction of the welding joint, the angle step pitch is 1 degree, the focusing mode is real depth focusing, the focusing depth is 45mm, and therefore the focusing rule is generated.
(2) Calibration: the material sound velocity is 5800m/s, no sound velocity calibration is necessary, then wedge delay calibration is performed, and sensitivity calibration (ACG) and time gain correction (TCG) are performed.
(3) Setting ultrasonic parameters; the initial depth of the display is set to 0mm and the depth range is 60.6mm, the depth range in the thickness direction that can cover the first group of test sections is 15mm to 45mm, and the display gain is set to 35 dB.
(4) Setting scanning parameters: the scanning starting point 0 position is one end of the artificial defect side of the circular semi-through hole in the length direction of the welding seam, and the distance between the scanning starting point 0 position and one end of the test piece is half of the width of the wedge block driven shaft, namely 20 mm. The polarity of the encoder is positive when scanning on the side A (namely the first side, hereinafter referred to as side A), the polarity of the encoder is negative when scanning on the side B (namely the second side, hereinafter referred to as side B), the scanning area range is 220mm, the pulse repetition frequency is 70Hz, the scanning step is 1mm, the maximum scanning speed is 120mm/s, and the resolution of the encoder is 48 Steps/mm.
(5) After a test piece is coated with a coupling agent, single-sided and double-sided scanning of a first group of partitions is carried out on the outer surface of a welding seam, fan-shaped scanning imaging of the half through hole 502, the half through hole 503 and the half through hole 504 and B-scanning imaging of the open groove 601 and the open groove 602 on the bottom surface are collected, and detection data are obtained.
By adopting the first group of partition detection parameters, fan-shaped scanning imaging collected by the half-and-half through hole 502, the half-and-half through hole 503 and the half-and-half through hole 504 on the test piece A side is shown as imaging 901, imaging 902 and imaging 903 in fig. 9, the half-and-half through hole 502, the half-and-half through hole 503 and the half-and-half through hole 504 are imaged clearly, the imaging 901 of the half-and-half through hole 502 with the weakest imaging is 44% of the echo height, the signal-to-noise ratio reaches 20.83dB, and the detection requirements are met.
By adopting the first group of partition detection parameters, fan-shaped scanning imaging collected by the half-through hole 502, the half-through hole 503 and the half-through hole 504 on the side of the test piece B is shown as imaging 1001, imaging 1002 and imaging 1003 in FIG. 10, the half-through hole 502, the through hole 503 and the through hole 504 are imaged clearly, the imaging 1001 of the half-through hole 502 with the weakest imaging is the imaging half-through hole 502 with the echo height of 45%, the signal-to-noise ratio reaches 19.08dB, and the detection requirement is met.
A first group of subarea detection parameters is adopted, B scanning imaging (imaging sound beam angle is 51 degrees) is acquired by an open groove 601 and an open groove 602 on the bottom surface of a test piece A side, as shown in imaging 1101 and imaging 1102 in FIG. 11, the length of the imaging 1101 is 11.6mm, the length error is 1.6mm, the signal-to-noise ratio reaches 28.30, the measured length of the imaging 1102 is 15.5, the error is 0.5mm, and the signal-to-noise ratio reaches 28.30, so that the detection requirement is met.
A first group of subarea detection parameters is adopted, B scanning imaging (imaging sound beam angle is 51 degrees) is acquired by an open groove 601 and an open groove 602 on the bottom surface of a test piece B side, as shown in imaging 1201 and imaging 1202 in FIG. 12, the measured length of the imaging 1201 is 11.7mm, the error is 1.7mm, the signal-to-noise ratio reaches 26.02dB, the measured length of the imaging 1202 is 15.9mm, the error is 0.9mm, and the signal-to-noise ratio reaches 27.04dB, so that the detection requirement is met.
And setting a second group of partition detection parameters, and adopting a secondary wave method for detecting the defects of the welding joint at the middle upper part in the thickness direction:
(1) second set of zonal focus parameters: the acoustic wave transmitting and receiving mode is self-transmitting and self-receiving, basic parameters of the array probe and basic parameters of a longitudinal wave wedge block are input, a sector scanning mode is selected, the wave mode is longitudinal wave, the number of excitable array elements is set to be 32, the number of the excited first array elements is 1, the step bias is set to be 45mm, the minimum sector scanning angle is set to be 23 degrees and the maximum sector scanning angle is set to be 56 degrees, the parameters at least can cover the depth range from the surface to 15mm in the thickness direction of the welding joint, the angle step pitch is 1 degree, the focusing mode is real depth focusing, the focusing depth is 90mm, and therefore the focusing rule is generated.
(2) Calibration: the material sound velocity is 5800m/s, no sound velocity calibration is necessary, then wedge delay calibration is performed, followed by sensitivity calibration (ACG) and time gain correction (TCG).
(3) Setting ultrasonic parameters; the starting depth of the display was set to 56.4mm and the depth range was set to 60.9mm, the thickness direction surface of the second group of test sections was covered to a depth range of 15mm, and the display gain was set to 42 dB.
(4) Setting scanning parameters: the scanning starting 0 point is arranged at one end of the artificial defect side of the circular semi-through hole in the length direction of the welding seam, the polarity of the encoder is positive when the side of the test piece A is scanned, the polarity of the encoder is negative when the side of the test piece B is scanned, the scanning area range is 250mm, the pulse repetition frequency is 70Hz, the scanning stepping is 1mm, the maximum scanning speed is 120mm/s, and the encoder resolution is 48 Steps/mm.
(5) And after a test piece is coated with a coupling agent, single-sided and double-sided scanning of a second group of partitions is carried out on the outer surface of the welding seam, fan-shaped scanning imaging of the half through hole 501 and the half through hole 502 and B scanning imaging of the surface open slot 603 are collected, and detection data are obtained.
By adopting the second group of subarea detection parameters, fan-shaped scanning imaging collected by the half-through hole 501 and the half-through hole 502 on the side of the test piece A is shown as imaging 1301 and imaging 1302 in FIG. 13, the half-through hole 501 and the half-through hole 502 are imaged clearly, the imaging 1301 of the half-through hole 501 and the half-through hole 502 with the weakest imaging is realized, the echo height is 72%, the signal-to-noise ratio reaches 21.58dB, and the detection requirement is met.
By adopting the second group of subarea detection parameters, fan-shaped scanning imaging collected by the half-and-half through hole 501 and the half-and-half through hole 502 on the side of the test piece B is shown as imaging 1401 and imaging 1402 in FIG. 14, the half-and-half through hole 501 and the half-and-half through hole 502 are imaged clearly, the imaging 1302 of the half-and-half through hole 502 with the weakest imaging has the echo height of 66 percent, the signal-to-noise ratio reaches 16.39dB, and the detection requirement is met.
A second group of subarea detection parameters is adopted, B scanning imaging (imaging sound beam angle is 25 degrees) collected by the surface open slot 603 is carried out on the side of the test piece B, as shown in an imaging 1501 in FIG. 15, the length of the imaging 1501 is 20.8mm, the error is 0.8mm, and the imaging 1501 has higher imaging signal-to-noise ratio which reaches 23.90dB because a secondary wave sound beam images the surface open slot 603 through the side of a parent material, so that the detection requirement is met.
By adopting the second group of subarea detection parameters, B scanning imaging (imaging sound beam angle 47 degrees) collected by the surface open slot 603 is carried out on the side of the test piece A, as shown in an image 1601 in FIG. 16, the length of the image 1601 is 26.8mm, and the error is 6.8mm, because the secondary wave sound beam images the surface open slot 603 through the side of the weld joint, the weld joint is coarse-grained tissue, grains are larger, and more grain noise is imaged, but according to the relative position relationship between the secondary wave imaging range and the weld joint model, the image on the side of the B slope can be easily judged as the image of the surface open slot 603, and non-relevant display outside the weld joint model and outside the secondary wave imaging range can be easily judged, as shown in an image 1701 in FIG. 17. Although the imaging signal-to-noise ratio of the surface open slot 603 is low and reaches 13.20dB, the detection requirement is still met.
Through the test on the welding joint test piece, the feasibility of the welding line phased array ultrasonic detection method can be determined.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present disclosure, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure, and shall be covered by the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a welding seam phased array ultrasonic testing method with extra height, wherein, the edge welding of two block metal construction forms the welding seam that has the extra height, one the metal construction place side is the first side of welding seam, another the metal construction place side is the second side of welding seam, the method includes:
respectively detecting the middle lower part of the welding seam in the thickness direction by using a direct-wave method on the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the welding seam through phased array ultrasonic detection equipment, and acquiring first detection data;
and respectively detecting the middle and upper parts in the thickness direction of the welding seam on the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the welding seam through a phased array ultrasonic detection device by adopting a secondary wave method, and acquiring second detection data.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: respectively detecting the first surface of the welding seam on the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the welding seam through the phased array ultrasonic detection equipment by adopting a direct-wave method, and acquiring third detection data;
the first surface of the weld is the surface on the same side as the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the weld.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method further comprises: respectively detecting the second surface of the welding seam on the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the welding seam through the phased array ultrasonic detection equipment by adopting a secondary wave method, and acquiring fourth detection data;
the second surface of the weld is a face opposite the upper surface of the first and second sides of the weld.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the number of channels of a single simultaneous excitation of the phased array ultrasound inspection apparatus is no less than a first set point and the number of array elements of a single phased array ultrasound array probe is no less than a second set point.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the number of channels of a single simultaneous excitation of the phased array ultrasound inspection apparatus is no less than 32 and the number of array elements of a single phased array ultrasound array probe is no less than 32.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein when the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the weld are inspected by the phased array ultrasonic inspection apparatus, the first end of the weld in the length direction is an inspection starting point of the phased array ultrasonic inspection apparatus, and the second end is an inspection end point of the phased array ultrasonic inspection apparatus.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein detecting, by the phased array ultrasonic inspection apparatus, a lower-middle portion in a thickness direction of the weld using a direct wave method on upper surfaces of first and second sides of the weld, respectively, comprises:
the step deflection of the phased array ultrasonic detection equipment is half of the width of the first surface of the welding seam, the minimum sector scanning angle and the maximum sector scanning angle at least cover the middle lower part of the welding seam in the thickness direction, and the focusing depth is larger than or equal to the thickness of the welding seam.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein detecting the middle-upper portion in the thickness direction of the weld using a secondary wave method by the phased array ultrasonic detection apparatus on the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the weld, respectively, comprises:
the stepping bias, the minimum sector scanning angle and the maximum sector scanning angle of the phased array ultrasonic detection equipment at least cover the middle-upper part in the thickness direction of the welding seam, and the focusing depth is more than or equal to 2 times of the thickness of the welding seam.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, when the upper surfaces of the first side and the second side of the weld joint are detected by a phased array ultrasonic detection device by adopting a direct wave method or a secondary wave method:
the encoders of the phased array ultrasonic inspection apparatus are oppositely polarized on the first and second sides of the weld.
10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the acoustic wave transmission and reception mode of the phased array ultrasonic detection apparatus is self-transmitting and self-receiving, and the waveform of the acoustic wave is longitudinal wave.
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