CN102662000A - Ultrasonic flaw detection method for computer-assisted examination - Google Patents
Ultrasonic flaw detection method for computer-assisted examination Download PDFInfo
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- CN102662000A CN102662000A CN201210161884XA CN201210161884A CN102662000A CN 102662000 A CN102662000 A CN 102662000A CN 201210161884X A CN201210161884X A CN 201210161884XA CN 201210161884 A CN201210161884 A CN 201210161884A CN 102662000 A CN102662000 A CN 102662000A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic flaw detection method for computer-assisted examination. The ultrasonic flaw detection method comprises the following steps of: 1, modeling through a computer; 2, primarily selecting and scanning parameters; 3, carrying out direct wave scanning simulation; 4, carrying out primary reflected wave scanning simulation; 5, checking an area coverage condition and dynamically adjusting the parameters; and 6, carrying out actual ultrasonic flaw detection. According to the ultrasonic flaw detection method provided by the invention, the simulation states of direct waves and primary reflected wave scanning on a cross section of a welding joint can be directly emerged by using computer simulation; and meanwhile, the simulation conditions can be directly, conveniently and rapidly adjusted through dynamic real-time adjustment of a region, so that the examination and parameter adjustment efficiencies can be effectively improved. The ultrasonic flaw detection method provided by the invention can scan based on an optimal K value and flexibly adjust other parameters, so that an optimal ultrasonic image is obtained, and the flaw detection quality is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the UT (Ultrasonic Testing) technical field, the defect detection on ultrasonic basis that especially a kind of area of computer aided is checked.
Background technology
At present; The UT (Ultrasonic Testing) of butt plates welding joint; The basic skills that is adopted is to utilize K value probe directly to contact the refracted shear that the back is produced in the weld seam both sides with steel plate; To whole welding joints scanning twice, i.e. direct wave scanning and primary reflection scanning are to survey the weld defects that exists in the welding joint.Existing way is the thickness t according to tested welding joint steel plate in the engineering; Select the probe of suitable K value by standard " JB/T4730.3-2005 bearing device Non-Destructive Testing the 3rd part: ultrasound detection "; And the probe displacement D2 of the probe displacement D1 of definite direct wave scanning and primary reflection scanning, carry out scanning according to above-mentioned parameter then and detect.
But in fact, owing to receive the influence of difference and the tolerance and the welding joint face of weld reinforcement shape of thickness of slab, the probe K value has a scope simultaneously, so the value of being interrupted that form provided can not the interval requirement of entirely accurate covering successive value.In some cases, though in strict accordance with the form value in the standard, the overlap-add region in twice scanning district can not 100% covers welding joint during actual carrying out flaw detection, thereby the omission weld defects can take place.And because material object can not be destroyed and sound wave is not visual, ultrasonic inspection can not be observed direct wave and primary reflection scanning covering situation on the welding joint xsect intuitively, thereby is difficult for identification omission zone.Especially the industry that relates to personal safety for boiler manufacturing, pressure vessel manufacturing, pressure pipeline installation etc., there is very big potential safety hazard in this omission.Moreover employed K value probe majority can not carry out operation at best effort β angle, has also influenced ultrasonic imaging and scanning quality.
Summary of the invention
The applicant is to pressing the table value in the above-mentioned existing UT (Ultrasonic Testing); Possibly there is the omission that is difficult for identification; And shortcoming such as second-rate, the defect detection on ultrasonic basis that provides a kind of area of computer aided to check, thus can test and optimize predetermined value; And instruct the flaw detection operation, avoid taking place the omission situation.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is following:
The defect detection on ultrasonic basis that a kind of area of computer aided is checked may further comprise the steps: the first step: microcomputer modelling: in mapping software, draw out the figure of welding joint xsect with equal proportion in kind, set up two dimensional model; Second step: primary election scanning parameter: said scanning parameter comprises K value, direct wave scanning distance B 1 and primary reflection scanning distance B 2; The 3rd step: carry out direct wave scanning simulation, obtain first area A1; The 4th step: carry out primary reflection scanning simulation, obtain second area A2; The 5th step: check regional coverage condition; And do dynamically adjustment: with said direct wave scanning district A1 and primary reflection scanning district A2 stack; Promptly do the logical operation, observe overlap-add region and whether cover welded seam area A0 fully, if do not cover fully; Exist omission zone A3, then need adjust said scanning parameter; The 6th step: carry out real UT (Ultrasonic Testing) and detect: if the 5th step checked successfully, the scanning parameter that then obtains according to simulation adopts ultrasonic probe that welding joint is carried out actual flaw detection scanning.
Further improvement as technique scheme: from direct wave scanning starting point to terminal, become the β angle to make the incident oblique line with vertical curve downwards in said the 3rd step, between the upper and lower surfaces of two parallel incident oblique lines and sheet material, be direct wave scanning district A1 at these 2.
From primary reflection scanning Origin And Destination, become the β angle to make the incident oblique line with vertical curve downwards in said the 4th step, and on the intersection point that the lower surface with sheet material intersects, make reflected ray at these 2; Between the upper and lower surfaces of two reflected in parallel oblique lines and sheet material, be primary reflection scanning district A2.
Utilize the order of mapping software to carry out the dynamic adjustment of incident ray or reflected ray in said the 5th step, thereby realize the dynamic real-time adjustment in face territory, carry out the rapid adjustment of scanning parameter.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is following:
The method that utilization of the present invention is mapped on computers, the probe in the actual flaw detection of simulation can represent on the xsect of welding joint the simulated conditions of direct wave and primary reflection scanning, intuitive and convenient intuitively on the indicator screen.And utilize the order of mapping software, realize the dynamic adjustment of incident ray and reflected ray, thereby the dynamic real-time in the face of realization territory is adjusted; More intuitively and easily carry out rapid adjustment; Thereby improved the efficient of checking effectively, solved in the prior art, owing to can not intuitively observe the ultrasonic scanning situation on the welding joint xsect with the adjustment parameter; Thereby be easy to generate the omission district, have the technical matters of product safety hidden danger.The present invention can carry out scanning based on the K value of optimum, other parameters of flexible, thus guaranteed to obtain optimum ultrasonoscopy, guaranteed the carrying out flaw detection quality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a workflow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is direct wave scanning simulation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is primary reflection scanning simulation of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that stack of the present invention detects synoptic diagram.
Among the figure: 1, sheet material; 2, welding joint; 3, direct wave scanning starting point; 4, direct wave scanning terminal point; 5, primary reflection scanning starting point; 6, primary reflection scanning terminal point; A0, welded seam area; A1, direct wave scanning district; A2, primary reflection scanning district; A3, omission zone; D1, direct wave scanning distance; D2, primary reflection scanning distance; T, thickness of slab; β, probe refraction angle.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present invention is described.
As shown in Figure 1, the defect detection on ultrasonic basis that area of computer aided of the present invention is checked is divided into following steps:
The first step: microcomputer modelling.Adopt mapping software on computers; AutoCAD for example; Physical sizes such as the thickness of slab t of the butt-welded sheet material 1 that detects according to need, the pattern (comprising groove angle, root face, counterpart gap etc.) of welding joint 2, weld width, weld reinforcement; By drawing out the figure of welding joint xsect, set up two dimensional model with equal proportion in kind.
Second step: primary election scanning parameter from form.From " table 18 " of " JB/T4730.3-2005 " standard, select K value probe according to thickness of slab value t; Confirm scanning parameters such as direct wave scanning distance B 1 and calculating primary reflection scanning distance B 2 by the method for " JB/T4730.3-2005 " standard " 5.1.4.1 clause ".
The 3rd step: carry out direct wave scanning simulation, obtain first area A1.Because K=tg β is according to the anti-probe refraction angle β value of releasing of K value.On two dimensional model, as shown in Figure 2, confirm direct wave scanning starting point 3 and terminal point 4; Become the β angle to make the incident oblique line with vertical curve downwards at these 2; According to ultrasonic direct wave scanning principle, between the upper and lower surfaces of two parallel incident oblique lines and sheet material 1, be direct wave scanning district A1.
The 4th step: carry out primary reflection scanning simulation, obtain second area A2.On two dimensional model, as shown in Figure 3, confirm primary reflection scanning starting point 5 and terminal point 6, become the β angle to make the incident oblique line with vertical curve downwards at these 2, and on the intersection point that the lower surface with sheet material 1 intersects, make reflected ray.According to ultrasonic primary reflection scanning principle, between the upper and lower surfaces of two reflected in parallel oblique lines and sheet material 1, be primary reflection scanning district A2.
The 5th step: check regional coverage condition, and do dynamically adjustment.As shown in Figure 4, with above-mentioned direct wave scanning district A1 and primary reflection scanning district A2 stack, promptly do the logical operation, and compare with welded seam area A0, observe overlap-add region and whether cover welded seam area A0 fully.If do not cover fully; Exist omission zone A3 as shown in Figure 4; So then need carry out the scanning parameter adjustment, comprise changing direct wave scanning distance B 1 or primary reflection scanning distance B 2, perhaps the K value of adjustment probe is perhaps changed the probe of suitable K value.At this moment; Can utilize the order of mapping software, for example use " moving " order among the AutoCAD, realize the dynamic adjustment of incident ray or reflected ray; Thereby realize the dynamic real-time adjustment in face territory, therefore can be very intuitively and carry out the rapid adjustment of each parameter easily.
The 6th step: carry out real UT (Ultrasonic Testing) and detect.If in the 5th step, overlap-add region has covered welded seam area A0 fully, there is not omission zone A3, then representative is checked successfully.At this moment, can select suitable K value probe according to the β angle of confirming in the simulation, and direct wave scanning distance B 1, primary reflection scanning distance B 2 and starting point and end point, adopt ultrasonic probe that welding joint 2 is carried out actual flaw detection scanning.
More than describing is to explanation of the present invention, is not that institute of the present invention restricted portion is referring to claim to the qualification of invention, and under the situation of spirit of the present invention, the present invention can do any type of modification; For example conversion slightly also can be applied in other supersonic sounding technology, and is for example medical ultrasonic.
Claims (4)
1. the area of computer aided defect detection on ultrasonic basis of checking is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
The first step: microcomputer modelling: in mapping software, draw out the figure of welding joint xsect, set up two dimensional model with equal proportion in kind;
Second step: primary election scanning parameter: said scanning parameter comprises K value, direct wave scanning distance (D1) and primary reflection scanning distance (D2);
The 3rd step: carry out direct wave scanning simulation, obtain first area (A1);
The 4th step: carry out primary reflection scanning simulation, obtain second area (A2);
The 5th step: check regional coverage condition; And do dynamically adjustment: with said direct wave scanning district (A1) and primary reflection scanning district (A2) stack; Promptly do the logical operation, observe overlap-add region and whether cover welded seam area (A0) fully, if do not cover fully; Exist omission zone (A3), then need adjust said scanning parameter;
The 6th step: carry out real UT (Ultrasonic Testing) and detect: if the 5th step checked successfully, the scanning parameter that then obtains according to simulation adopts ultrasonic probe that welding joint (2) is carried out actual flaw detection scanning.
2. the defect detection on ultrasonic basis of checking according to the described area of computer aided of claim 1; It is characterized in that: in said the 3rd step from direct wave scanning starting point (3) (4) to terminal; Become the β angle to make the incident oblique line with vertical curve downwards at these 2; Article two, between the upper and lower surfaces of parallel incident oblique line and sheet material (1), be direct wave scanning district (A1).
3. the defect detection on ultrasonic basis of checking according to the described area of computer aided of claim 1; It is characterized in that: in said the 4th step from primary reflection scanning starting point (5) and terminal point (6); Become the β angle to make the incident oblique line with vertical curve downwards at these 2, and on the intersection point that the lower surface with sheet material (1) intersects, make reflected ray; Between the upper and lower surfaces of two reflected in parallel oblique lines and sheet material (1), be primary reflection scanning district (A2).
4. the defect detection on ultrasonic basis of checking according to the described area of computer aided of claim 1; It is characterized in that: utilize the order of mapping software to carry out the dynamic adjustment of incident ray or reflected ray in said the 5th step; Thereby the dynamic real-time in the face of realization territory is adjusted, and carries out the rapid adjustment of scanning parameter.
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| CN103323528A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-09-25 | 武汉大学 | Method for ultrasonic detection on effective coverage area of welding line with complex structure |
| CN104854450A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2015-08-19 | 阿海珐 | Ultrasound method and device for inspecting the bulk of a weld for the presence of defects |
| CN105067702A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-18 | 天津市特种设备监督检验技术研究院 | Plugged T-junction weld non-destructive detection method by using ultrasonic phased array |
| CN109682891B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2021-02-19 | 江苏方天电力技术有限公司 | Method for judging defect detection property of small-diameter pipe by simulation assistance |
| CN112712740A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-27 | 中国铁路北京局集团有限公司唐山工务段 | Steel rail ultrasonic flaw detection simulation method and device |
| CN114487102A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-13 | 北京航天特种设备检测研究发展有限公司 | Weld phased array ultrasonic detection method with extra height |
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| CN105067702A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-18 | 天津市特种设备监督检验技术研究院 | Plugged T-junction weld non-destructive detection method by using ultrasonic phased array |
| CN109682891B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2021-02-19 | 江苏方天电力技术有限公司 | Method for judging defect detection property of small-diameter pipe by simulation assistance |
| CN112712740A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-27 | 中国铁路北京局集团有限公司唐山工务段 | Steel rail ultrasonic flaw detection simulation method and device |
| CN114487102A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-13 | 北京航天特种设备检测研究发展有限公司 | Weld phased array ultrasonic detection method with extra height |
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