CN114479941A - Medium-low temperature gasification equipment for treating carbon-containing solid waste - Google Patents
Medium-low temperature gasification equipment for treating carbon-containing solid waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN114479941A CN114479941A CN202111631422.5A CN202111631422A CN114479941A CN 114479941 A CN114479941 A CN 114479941A CN 202111631422 A CN202111631422 A CN 202111631422A CN 114479941 A CN114479941 A CN 114479941A
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- oxygen ion
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
- C10J2300/1606—Combustion processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The application relates to the field of environment-friendly technology for treating solid wastes, in particular to medium-low temperature gasification equipment for treating carbon-containing solid wastes, which comprises a gasification reactor, an incinerator and a negative oxygen ion generator; the gasification reactor is communicated with the incinerator, and the negative oxygen ion generator is used for generating negative oxygen ions and introducing the negative oxygen ions into the gasification reactor. The method has the advantages of greatly shortening the treatment period of the carbon-containing solid waste, reducing the production energy consumption, thoroughly realizing the harmless and recycling of the carbon-containing solid waste, realizing the long-term stable operation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of environment-friendly technology for treating solid wastes, in particular to medium and low temperature gasification equipment for treating carbon-containing solid wastes.
Background
The carbon-containing solid waste is solid waste which contains a certain amount of carbon elements and has a certain heat productivity, and mainly comprises domestic waste, municipal sludge, medical waste, waste tires, crop straws, wood chips, branches, livestock and poultry excrement and the like generated in agricultural and forestry production; such solid waste is complicated in appearance characteristics and composition, has a small energy density per unit volume, occupies a large amount of space in the stacking process, and is likely to cause environmental pollution. Therefore, the reduction, harmless and recycling treatment of the carbon-containing solid waste has important significance for promoting the improvement of living environment and the construction of ecological civilization.
The current treatment method for carbon-containing solid waste mainly comprises the thermochemical treatment technologies of landfill, biological fermentation, incineration, gasification, pyrolysis and the like. The landfill and biological fermentation technology has a very long treatment period, needs to occupy a large amount of land resources, is low in efficiency, generates residual liquid in the treatment process, easily causes secondary pollution to soil, and cannot treat plastic and other hard-to-degrade solid wastes; the incineration treatment efficiency is high, partial energy in the incineration treatment efficiency can be recycled, but the problem of secondary pollution of heavy metal, dioxin and the like cannot be solved; the gasification technology utilizes the generated reducing atmosphere to solve the problem of dioxin.
However, the traditional gasification technology has higher requirements on the types, particle sizes, shapes, heat values and the like of raw materials entering the furnace, and the application range of solid waste treatment is limited; the pyrolysis treatment technology has the problems that tar is difficult to treat and the equipment operation period is short, and solid residues are difficult to achieve harmless treatment, so that the secondary pollution risk exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of unstable device operation and incomplete solid waste treatment caused by long treatment period, secondary pollution caused by emissions, narrow raw material applicability range, difficult tar treatment and the like in the conventional carbon-containing solid waste treatment technology, the application provides the medium-low temperature gasification equipment for treating the carbon-containing solid waste.
The application provides a handle medium and low temperature gasification equipment of carbonaceous solid waste, adopts following technical scheme:
a middle-low temperature gasification device for treating carbon-containing solid waste comprises a gasification reactor, an incinerator and a negative oxygen ion generator; the gasification reactor is communicated with the incinerator, and the negative oxygen ion generator is used for generating negative oxygen ions and introducing the negative oxygen ions into the gasification reactor.
By adopting the technical scheme, the negative oxygen ions generated by the negative oxygen ion generator are introduced into the gasification reactor, and when the carbon-containing solid waste is gasified, the negative oxygen ions are used as a gasifying agent, so that compared with the traditional gasification technology, the gasification reaction activity is enhanced, the gasification temperature and the production energy consumption are reduced, and the treatment period of the carbon-containing solid waste is greatly shortened. The gasification tail gas is introduced into the incinerator for further treatment, no tar is generated in the crude synthesis gas, and the operation stability of the equipment can be improved. In addition, the gasification reactor and the incinerator are combined for use, so that the treatment efficiency of solid waste can be greatly improved, and the emission of waste gas is reduced.
Optionally, the gasification reactor includes a gasification housing and a negative oxygen ion nozzle, the negative oxygen ion nozzle is communicated with the inside of the gasification housing, and the negative oxygen ion generator is communicated with the negative oxygen ion nozzle.
Optionally, at least one layer of nozzle group is arranged on the side and/or the bottom of the gasification shell, and each layer of nozzle group is provided with at least one negative oxygen ion nozzle.
By adopting the technical scheme, a multi-section multi-point negative oxygen ion supplementing technology can be formed by arranging the multiple layers of nozzle groups and the multiple negative oxygen ion nozzles, so that the accurate control of a reaction field and a temperature field in equipment is realized, gasified ash is discharged in a molten state, and heavy metals in the carbon-containing solid waste are solidified; by utilizing the non-catalytic partial oxidation reaction, a reductive oxygen-free atmosphere is provided for the conversion of the carbon-containing solid waste, the generation of harmful components such as dioxin is avoided, and the harmless conversion of the carbon-containing solid waste is realized.
Optionally, the negative oxygen ion nozzle and the gasification shell form an included angle of 0-180 °.
Optionally, the gasification reactor further comprises a negative oxygen ion enhancer connected to the periphery of the gasification shell.
By adopting the technical scheme, the concentration of negative oxygen ions can be further enhanced, so that the gasification reaction activity is further enhanced.
Optionally, the negative oxygen ion generator includes a negative oxygen ion excitation chamber, a gasifying agent inlet and a negative oxygen ion outlet, the gasifying agent inlet and the negative oxygen ion outlet are provided in the negative oxygen ion excitation chamber, and the negative oxygen ion outlet is communicated with the negative oxygen ion nozzle.
By adopting the technical scheme, the gasifying agent enters the negative oxygen ion excitation chamber through the gasifying agent inlet to generate negative oxygen ions, the negative oxygen ion outlet can be used for discharging the negative oxygen ions, and the negative oxygen ion outlet is communicated with the gasification reactor, so that the negative oxygen ions finally enter the gasification reactor.
Optionally, the concentration of the negative oxygen ions generated by the negative oxygen ion excitation chamber is at least 20 ten thousand/cm 3.
By adopting the technical scheme, the negative oxygen ions with sufficient concentration are provided, and the gasification reaction activity can be fully enhanced when the carbon-containing solid waste is gasified.
Optionally, the incinerator comprises an incineration chamber, a waste heat recovery chamber and a purification chamber which are sequentially distributed from bottom to top, and a combustor is arranged on one side of the incineration chamber; the gasification shell is provided with a gasification tail gas outlet, and the combustor is communicated with the gasification tail gas outlet.
Optionally, the gasification furnace further comprises a connecting piece, wherein one end of the connecting piece is communicated with the gasification tail gas outlet, and the other end of the connecting piece is communicated with the combustor.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the connecting piece is with gasification reactor and incinerator intercommunication for when gasification reactor and incinerator arrange according to the actual production condition, the flexibility that the connecting piece can strengthen arranging.
Optionally, the operating pressure of the gasification reactor is-0.1 to 13MpaG, and the operating temperature is 200 to 1500 ℃.
By adopting the technical scheme, the gasification reaction is more sufficient.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
negative oxygen ions generated by the negative oxygen ion generator are introduced into the gasification reactor, and when the carbon-containing solid waste is gasified, the negative oxygen ions are used as a gasifying agent, so that compared with the traditional gasification technology, the gasification reaction activity is enhanced, the gasification temperature and the production energy consumption are reduced, and the treatment period of the carbon-containing solid waste is greatly shortened;
the arrangement of multiple layers and multiple negative oxygen ion nozzles can form a multi-section multi-point negative oxygen ion supplementing technology, realize the accurate control of a reaction field and a temperature field in equipment, discharge gasified ash slag in a molten state, and solidify heavy metals in the carbon-containing solid waste; by utilizing the non-catalytic partial oxidation reaction, a reductive oxygen-free atmosphere is provided for the conversion of the carbon-containing solid waste, the generation of harmful components such as dioxin is avoided, and the harmless conversion of the carbon-containing solid waste is realized;
the high reactivity of the negative ions can effectively inhibit the generation of tar in the crude synthesis gas and improve the stability of the operation of equipment;
use gasification reactor and incinerator combination, gasification tail gas lets in the incinerator and further handles, can promote solid waste's treatment effect greatly, and the heat recovery who burns the flue gas simultaneously can realize the make full use of carbonaceous solid waste energy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of embodiment 1 of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of embodiment 2 of the present application.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a gasification reactor; 2. a negative oxygen ion generator; 3. an incinerator; 4. a connecting member; 10. a gasification shell; 11. a negative oxygen ion nozzle; 12. a negative oxygen ion intensifier; 13. a gasification reactor thermal insulation layer; 14. a feed inlet; 15. a gasification tail gas outlet; 16. an ash outlet; 20. a negative oxygen ion excitation chamber; 21. a gasification agent inlet; 22. a negative oxygen ion outlet; 100. an ash mineralization zone; 110. an oxidation zone; 120. a reduction zone; 130. a pyrolysis zone; 131. a cooling water inlet; 132. a cooling water outlet; 140. a drying and heating area; 150. a tail gas deodorization zone; 30. an incineration chamber; 31. a waste heat recovery chamber; 32. a clean room; 300. an incineration chamber housing; 301. a heat insulation layer of the incineration chamber; 302. a burner; 310. a waste heat recovery chamber housing; 311. a heat exchange pipe; 312. a heat insulation layer of the waste heat recovery chamber; 313. a cooling medium inlet; 314. a cooling medium outlet; 320. a flue gas cleaning chamber housing; 321. an inner support; 322. a heat insulation layer of the flue gas purification chamber; 323. and a flue gas outlet.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-2.
In the case of the example 1, the following examples are given,
the embodiment 1 of the application discloses a medium-low temperature gasification mechanism for treating carbon-containing solid waste.
Referring to fig. 1, the medium and low temperature gasification equipment for treating carbon-containing solid waste, referring to fig. 1, comprises a gasification reactor 1, an oxygen anion generator 2 and a connecting piece 4. In the present embodiment, the burner 3 and the gasification reactor 1 are integrally arranged up and down, and the gasification reactor 1 is located below the burner 3. The gasification reactor 1 and the incinerator 3 are communicated with each other through a connecting piece 4, the negative oxygen ion generator 2 is used for generating negative oxygen ions and introducing the negative oxygen ions into the gasification reactor 1, and the carbon-containing solid waste is gasified to generate gasification tail gas which enters the incinerator 3 for combustion.
The gasification reactor 1 comprises a gasification shell 10, a negative oxygen ion nozzle 11, a negative oxygen ion intensifier 12 and a gasification reactor thermal insulation layer 13. The gasification shell 10 adopts a vertical cylindrical structure, the inner diameter of the gasification shell 10 is 1500mm, and the height of the gasification shell 10 is 1500 mm; the gasification housing 10 has a feed inlet 14 and a gasification off-gas outlet 15 at the top or upper side of the side, and an ash outlet 16 at the bottom or lower side of the gasification housing 10.
The material of the gasification shell 10 is one or more of carbon steel, stainless steel and alloy steel, which are conventional technical means of those skilled in the art and will not be described herein again. In the embodiment of the present application, the gasification shell 10 is made of carbon steel. In addition, the gasification shell 10 has an operating pressure of-0.1 to 13MpaG and an operating temperature of 200 to 1500 ℃, and comprises an ash mineralization zone 100 (operating temperature of 1300 to 1500 ℃), an oxidation zone 110 (operating temperature of 800 to 1300 ℃), a reduction zone 120 (operating temperature of 500 to 800 ℃), a pyrolysis zone 130 (operating temperature of 400 to 500 ℃), a drying temperature rise zone 140 (operating temperature of 300 to 400 ℃) and a tail gas deodorization zone 150 (operating temperature of 200 to 300 ℃) from bottom to top according to physicochemical functions and chemical reactions.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the operating pressure in the gasification housing 10 is 0.1MpaG, the operating temperature of the ash mineralization zone 100 is 1250 ℃, the operating temperature of the oxidation zone 110 is 900 ℃, the operating temperature of the reduction zone 120 is 700 ℃, the operating temperature of the pyrolysis zone 130 is 410 ℃, the operating temperature of the drying and heating zone 140 is 320 ℃ and the operating temperature of the tail gas deodorization zone 150 is 240 ℃.
The negative oxygen ion nozzle 11 is connected to the gasification housing 10, and specifically, one end of the negative oxygen ion nozzle 11 is inserted into the gasification housing 10. The negative oxygen ion nozzles 11 are arranged on the side and/or bottom of the gasification shell 10 in a multi-layer manner, that is, at least one layer of nozzle group is arranged, each layer of nozzle group comprises at least one negative oxygen ion nozzle 11, and the included angle between each negative oxygen ion nozzle 11 and the gasification shell 10 is 0-180 degrees. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the negative oxygen ion nozzles 11 are disposed at the side of the gasification shell 10 and the bottom of the gasification shell 10, and the included angle with the gasification shell 10 is 90 °, wherein 6 negative oxygen ion nozzles 11 are disposed at the bottom of the gasification shell 10, and two layers of nozzle sets are surrounded at the side of the gasification shell 10, and each layer of nozzle set has 12 negative oxygen ion nozzles 11.
The negative oxygen ion enhancer 12 is connected to the outer periphery of the gasification shell 10, and the negative oxygen ion enhancer 12 may generate one or more combinations of electric field, magnetic field, and electromagnetic field for enhancing the negative oxygen ions. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the negative oxygen ion enhancer 12 generates an electromagnetic field.
The gasification reactor heat insulating layer 13 may be provided outside the gasification shell 10 or inside the gasification shell 10. When the gasification reactor heat-insulating layer 13 is arranged on the outer side of the gasification shell 10, the gasification reactor heat-insulating layer 13 can adopt heat-insulating products such as rock wool, magnesium aluminum silicate and the like; when the gasification reactor thermal insulation layer 13 is disposed inside the gasification shell 10, the gasification reactor thermal insulation layer 13 may be cooled by a jacket, insulated by a refractory lining, insulated by a water wall, or the like. Of course, the above-mentioned means may be used alone or in combination. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the gasification reactor thermal insulation layer 13 is a refractory lining structure disposed inside the gasification shell 10, and the thickness of the gasification reactor thermal insulation layer 13 is 300 mm.
The negative oxygen ion generator 2 comprises a negative oxygen ion excitation chamber 20, a gasifying agent inlet 21 and a negative oxygen ion outlet 22. The gasifying agent inlet 21 and the negative oxygen ion outlet 22 are opened in the negative oxygen ion excitation chamber 20, and the negative oxygen ion outlet 22 is communicated with the gasification shell 10 through the negative oxygen ion nozzle 11, more specifically, the negative oxygen ion outlet 22 is communicated with the plurality of negative oxygen ion nozzles 11 through a plurality of pipelines in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The concentration of the negative oxygen ions generated by the negative oxygen ion excitation chamber 20 is not less than 20 ten thousand/cm 3. In addition, the gasifying agent may be one or more of air, oxygen-enriched air or oxygen.
The incinerator 3 comprises an incineration chamber 30, a waste heat recovery chamber 31 and a purification chamber 32 which are sequentially distributed from bottom to top. The burner 3 is cylindrical as a whole, the height is 2000mm, and the inner diameter of the cylinder is 1500 mm.
The incineration chamber 30 comprises an incineration chamber housing 300, an incineration chamber insulation 301 and a burner 302. The incineration chamber shell 300 is a conventional material in the field, and can be one or more of carbon steel, stainless steel and alloy steel; in the embodiment of the present application, the incineration chamber casing 300 is made of carbon steel.
The incineration chamber heat insulation layer 301 can be arranged on the outer side or the inner side of the incineration chamber shell 300, and when the incineration chamber heat insulation layer is arranged on the outer side, heat insulation products such as rock wool and aluminum magnesium silicate can be adopted; when the heat exchanger is arranged on the inner side, the realization form can be a jacket cooling mode, a lining heat insulation mode, a water wall heat insulation mode and the like, and also can be a combination of the modes. In the examples of the present application, a refractory lining structure is used.
One end of the burner 302 is arranged in the incineration chamber 30, at least one burner 302 is arranged, and the included angle between the burner 302 and the equipment shell is 0-180 degrees. In the embodiment of the present application, the burner 302 is disposed at an angle of 90 ° with respect to the housing of the device.
The connecting piece 4 is of a U-shaped tubular structure and made of carbon steel, and aluminum magnesium silicate heat insulation materials are arranged on the periphery of the connecting piece. One end of the connecting piece 4 is connected with the burner 302, and the other end of the connecting piece 4 is connected with the gasification tail gas outlet 15. Thus, the gasification tail gas is introduced into the connector 4 from the gasification tail gas outlet 15 and then enters the combustor 302.
The waste heat recovery chamber 31 includes a waste heat recovery chamber housing 310, a heat exchange pipe 311, a waste heat recovery chamber insulating layer 312, a cooling medium inlet 313, and a cooling medium outlet 314. The material of the waste heat recovery chamber shell 310 is conventional in the art, and may be one or more of carbon steel, stainless steel and alloy steel. Like the incineration chamber casing 300, the waste heat recovery chamber casing 310 in the embodiment of the present application is made of carbon steel.
The waste heat recovery chamber heat insulation layer 312 may be disposed on the outer side or the inner side of the incineration chamber casing 300, and when disposed on the outer side, heat insulation products such as rock wool and magnesium aluminum silicate may be used; when the heat exchanger is arranged on the inner side, the realization form can be a jacket cooling mode, a lining heat insulation mode, a water wall heat insulation mode and the like, and also can be a combination of the modes. In the examples of the present application, a refractory lining structure is used.
The cooling medium of the waste heat recovery chamber 31 is not limited to gas or liquid, and is not limited to flow inside the heat exchange tube 311 or outside the heat exchange tube 311. The heat exchange tubes 311 may be in one or more groups, and may be in the form of tube array or coil tube, or in both forms. In the single group of heat exchange tubes 311, the flow direction of the cooling medium and the flue gas is not limited to co-current or counter-current. In the embodiment of the application, heat conduction oil flows in the heat exchange tube 311, the inlet temperature of the heat conduction oil is 180 ℃, the outlet temperature of the heat conduction oil is 200 ℃, and the heat exchange tube 311 adopts a coil structure.
The flue gas cleaning chamber 32 comprises a flue gas cleaning chamber housing 320, an inner support 321, a flue gas cleaning chamber insulation 322 and a flue gas outlet 323. The material of the flue gas cleaning chamber housing 320 is conventional in the art, and can be one or more of carbon steel, stainless steel and alloy steel. In the embodiment of the present application, the casing 320 of the flue gas cleaning chamber is made of carbon steel.
The flue gas purification chamber heat insulation layer 322 can be arranged on the outer side or the inner side of the incineration chamber shell 300, and when the flue gas purification chamber heat insulation layer is arranged on the outer side, heat insulation products such as rock wool and aluminum magnesium silicate can be adopted; when the heat exchanger is arranged on the inner side, the realization form can be a jacket cooling mode, a lining heat insulation mode, a water wall heat insulation mode and the like, and also can be a combination of the modes. In the examples of the present application, a refractory lining structure is used.
The supporting member is rod-shaped, and is fixed in the flue gas purification chamber housing 320, and is used for supporting and fixing a catalyst, an adsorbent and the like.
The application principle of the medium-low temperature gasification mechanism for treating the carbon-containing solid waste in the embodiment of the application is as follows: one or more of air, oxygen-enriched air or oxygen enters the negative oxygen ion excitation chamber 20 from the gasifying agent inlet 21 to obtain negative oxygen ion gas with the negative oxygen ion concentration of not less than 20 ten thousand/cm 3, and the negative oxygen ion gas enters the gasification shell 10 of the gasification reactor 1 from the negative oxygen ion outlet 22 through the negative oxygen ion nozzle 11 and is strengthened under the action of the negative oxygen ion strengthening device 12.
The carbon-containing solid waste enters the gasification reactor 1 from the feeding hole 14 and is subjected to gasification reaction with negative oxygen ions, high-temperature gas generated by the reaction sequentially penetrates through the material layer upwards from the lower part of the gasification reactor 1, is finally discharged from the gasification tail gas outlet 15 and then enters the incineration chamber 30 through the connecting piece 4, and reacts with air in the incineration chamber 30 for combustion to generate high-temperature flue gas at 1100 ℃. The high-temperature flue gas enters the waste heat recovery chamber 31, and exchanges heat with the heat conduction oil in the heat exchange tube 311 to recover heat, and the high-temperature flue gas is cooled to form flue gas. The flue gas enters the flue gas purification chamber 32 after exiting the waste heat recovery chamber 31, and the flue gas is discharged from the flue gas outlet 323 after being subjected to desulfurization, denitration and purification.
In the case of the example 2, the following examples are given,
the difference from example 1 is that the distribution pattern of the gasification reactor 1 and the burner 3 is different, the material of the gasification reactor 1 and the burner 3 is different, the heat insulation pattern is different, and the flue gas cleaning chamber 32 is the same as example 1.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the gasification reactor 1 and the incineration zone are arranged side by side to the left and right. The gasification section is of a vertical cylindrical structure, the inner diameter of the cylinder body is 800mm, and the height of the cylinder body is 1200 mm; the burning section adopts a vertical square structure, the inner ruler of the cylinder body is 1000mm multiplied by 1000mm, and the height is 1500 mm.
The gasification shell 10, the incineration chamber shell 300, the waste heat recovery chamber shell 310 and the flue gas purification chamber shell 320 are all made of stainless steel 304. The gasification reactor heat-insulating layer 13 is cooled by a water jacket, a cooling water inlet 131 and a cooling water outlet 132 are arranged, and the gap between the jackets is 50 mm. The thermal insulation layer 301 of the incineration chamber adopts a refractory lining structure, and the thickness is 300 mm. The waste heat recovery chamber 31 and the flue gas purification chamber 32 are externally insulated by magnesium aluminum silicate insulation materials, and the thickness of the insulation layer is 200 mm.
Air generates negative oxygen ions with the concentration of 50 ten thousand/cm 3 by the negative oxygen ion generator 2, then enters the gasification reactor 1 by the negative oxygen ion nozzle 11, and is generated by the negative oxygen ion intensifier 12, and the magnetic field is intensified. The negative oxygen ion nozzles 11 are provided at the side and bottom of the gasification reactor 1. The included angle between the bottom nozzle and the equipment shell is 90 degrees, and the included angle between the side nozzle and the equipment shell is 75 degrees horizontally and spirally arranged. Wherein, the bottom nozzle sets up 2, and the side sets up in two-layer, and the quantity is respectively 6 and 12.
The domestic garbage enters the gasification reactor 1 from the feeding hole 14 to react with negative oxygen ions, the operating pressure of the gasification reactor 1 is 1.0MpaG, the operating temperature of the ash mineralization area 100 is 1300 ℃, the operating temperature of the oxidation area 110 is 940 ℃, the operating temperature of the reduction area 120 is 720 ℃, the operating temperature of the pyrolysis area 130 is 400 ℃, the operating temperature of the drying and heating area 140 is 290 ℃ and the operating temperature of the tail gas deodorization area 150 is 260 ℃.
The gasification tail gas is discharged from the gasification tail gas outlet 15 and then enters the combustor 302 through the connecting piece 4, the connecting piece 4 is of a Z-shaped structure and is made of carbon steel, and an aluminum magnesium silicate heat insulation material is arranged outside the connecting piece. The gasified tail gas reacts with air in the incineration chamber 30 to burn, and high-temperature flue gas at 1050 ℃ is generated. The high-temperature flue gas enters the waste heat recovery chamber 31, the flue gas enters the heat exchange tube 311, and the heat exchange tube 311 is a vertical tube array and is made of stainless steel 316. Water enters the waste heat recovery chamber 31 through the cooling medium inlet 313, exchanges heat with high-temperature flue gas, and generated steam is discharged through the cooling medium outlet 314.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A middle and low temperature gasification equipment for treating carbon-containing solid waste is characterized in that: comprises a gasification reactor (1), an incinerator (3) and a negative oxygen ion generator (2); the gasification reactor (1) is communicated with the incinerator (3), and the negative oxygen ion generator (2) is used for generating negative oxygen ions and introducing the negative oxygen ions into the gasification reactor (1).
2. The medium and low temperature gasification facility for processing carbonaceous solid waste according to claim 1, wherein: the gasification reactor (1) comprises a gasification shell (10) and a negative oxygen ion nozzle (11), wherein the negative oxygen ion nozzle (11) is communicated with the inside of the gasification shell (10), and the negative oxygen ion generator (2) is communicated with the negative oxygen ion nozzle (11).
3. The medium and low temperature gasification facility for processing carbonaceous solid waste according to claim 2, wherein: at least one layer of nozzle group is arranged on the side surface and/or the bottom of the gasification shell (10), and each layer of nozzle group is provided with at least one negative oxygen ion nozzle (11).
4. The medium and low temperature gasification facility for processing carbonaceous solid waste according to claim 3, wherein: the negative oxygen ion nozzle (11) and the gasification shell (10) form an included angle of 0-180 degrees.
5. The medium and low temperature gasification facility for processing carbonaceous solid waste according to claim 2, wherein: the gasification reactor (1) further comprises a negative oxygen ion intensifier (12) connected to the periphery of the gasification shell (10).
6. The medium and low temperature gasification facility for processing carbonaceous solid waste according to claim 2, wherein: the negative oxygen ion generator (2) comprises a negative oxygen ion excitation chamber (20), a gasifying agent inlet (21) and a negative oxygen ion outlet (22), the gasifying agent inlet (21) and the negative oxygen ion outlet (22) are arranged in the negative oxygen ion excitation chamber (20), and the negative oxygen ion outlet (22) is communicated with the negative oxygen ion nozzle (11).
7. The medium and low temperature gasification facility for processing carbonaceous solid waste according to claim 6, wherein: the negative oxygen ion excitation chamber (20) generates negative oxygen ions with a concentration of at least 20 ten thousand/cm 3.
8. The medium and low temperature gasification facility for processing carbonaceous solid waste according to claim 2, wherein: the incinerator (3) comprises an incineration chamber (30), a waste heat recovery chamber (31) and a purification chamber (32) which are sequentially distributed from bottom to top, and a combustor (302) is arranged on one side of the incineration chamber (30); gasification tail gas export (15) have been seted up in gasification casing (10), combustor (302) with gasification tail gas export (15) intercommunication.
9. The medium and low temperature gasification facility for processing carbonaceous solid waste according to claim 8, wherein: the gasification furnace is characterized by further comprising a connecting piece (4), wherein one end of the connecting piece (4) is communicated with the gasification tail gas outlet (15), and the other end of the connecting piece (4) is communicated with the combustor (302).
10. The medium and low temperature gasification facility for processing carbonaceous solid waste according to claim 1, wherein: the operation pressure of the gasification reactor (1) is-0.1-13 MpaG, and the operation temperature is 200-1500 ℃.
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