CN114477951B - 一种高强度高白度陶瓷制品及其加工工艺 - Google Patents
一种高强度高白度陶瓷制品及其加工工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 24
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 24
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
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- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxozirconium;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.[Zr]=O CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical group [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000006058 strengthened glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
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- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种高强度高白度陶瓷制品及其加工工艺,所述高强度高白度陶瓷制品包括以下重量份的组分:强化玻璃20‑30份、纳米前驱体30‑40份、石英5‑8份、氧化镁6‑8份、粘结剂10‑12份、膨润土10‑15份和高岭土18‑20份;所述高强度高白度陶瓷制品的加工工艺,包括以下步骤:S1:将强化玻璃、石英、氧化镁、膨润土和高岭土搅拌混合,球磨过200目筛,得混合料;S2:将粘结剂和纳米前驱体加入到步骤S1的混合料中,继续搅拌,得成型料;S3:对步骤S2所得成型料进行成型、脱胶、烧成,得高强度高白度陶瓷制品。本发明制得的高强度高白度陶瓷制品白度高,且具有优异的强度和良好的机械性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷技术领域,具体涉及一种高强度高白度陶瓷制品及其加工工艺。
背景技术
现有技术中也有关于陶瓷制品的配方和制备方法,虽然根据这些配方和方法制备出来的陶瓷制品具有一定的光泽性,但存在陶瓷产品白度低、强度低或韧性较差的问题,很难实现高白度和高强度的特点。如现有的一些陶瓷制品强度低,陶瓷承重力低。随着经济的发展和人们生活水平的提高,人们对生活的质量要求越来越高。消费者对于陶瓷工艺品的性能要求不断提高,不但要求产品美观,还要求具有致密性、强度、实用和耐磨。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种高强度高白度陶瓷制品及其加工工艺,制得的陶瓷制品白度高,且具有优异的强度和良好的机械性能。
为了达到上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种高强度高白度陶瓷制品,包括以下重量份的组分:强化玻璃20-30份、纳米前驱体30-40份、石英5-8份、氧化镁6-8份、粘结剂10-12份、膨润土10-15份和高岭土18-20份。
优选地,所述粘结剂为羟甲基纤维素钠。
本发明还提供一种高强度高白度陶瓷制品的加工工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:将强化玻璃、石英、氧化镁、膨润土和高岭土搅拌混合,球磨过200目筛,得混合料;
S2:将粘结剂和纳米前驱体加入到步骤S1的混合料中,继续搅拌,得成型料;
S3:对步骤S2所得成型料进行成型、脱胶、烧成,得高强度高白度陶瓷制品。
优选地,步骤S1中所述强化玻璃的制备方法包括:
将二氧化硅、氧化锌、氧化铝、碳酸钙和碳酸钠混合加热至1300℃,持续加热保温6h,然后将熔融液倒入常温去离子水中,得玻璃单体;再进行球磨24h,干燥过筛,即得强化玻璃。
优选地,所述二氧化硅、氧化锌、氧化铝、碳酸钙和碳酸钠的重量份比为1:1:1:2:2。
优选地,步骤S2中所述纳米前驱体的制备方法包括:
S21:制备二氧化钛纳米颗粒;
S22:将质量分数为50%的氧氯化锆溶液和步骤S21所得二氧化钛纳米颗粒加入到去离子水,pH值调节为1-2,得混合溶液;
S23:将体积分数为75%的氨水加入到步骤S22所得混合溶液中,搅拌24h后抽滤,将滤饼在80℃下干燥24h,得凝胶;
S24:将步骤S23所得凝胶于1200℃下煅烧,保温12h,球磨,得纳米前驱体。
优选地,所述氧氯化锆溶液和二氧化钛纳米颗粒的重量份比为1:1;所述氨水和混合溶液的重量份比为2:1。
优选地,步骤S21中所述二氧化钛纳米颗粒的制备方法包括:将钛酸丁酯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵加入到无水乙醇中,得还原溶液,将体积分数为75%的氨水加入到上述还原溶液中,搅拌2h,于80℃下干燥24h,600℃下煅烧3h,得二氧化钛纳米颗粒。
优选地,所述钛酸丁酯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、无水乙醇和氨水的重量份比为1:0.6:5:5。
优选地,所述步骤S3中成型料进行成型、脱胶、烧成的工艺具体包括:
所述成型的温度为300-400℃,成型压力为5-6Mpa,成型时间为8-10s;
所述脱胶的温度为600-700℃;
所述烧成工艺为:以5℃/min的升温速率,温度升到1000-1200℃,保温1-2h,再以10℃/min升温至1500-1540℃,常温冷却至1400-1450℃,保温10-12h。
本发明采用的纳米前驱体分散性良好,使无机粉体间均匀分开,形成一个稳定的骨架结构,同时通过粘结剂紧紧包裹住强化玻璃颗粒等组分,在脱胶、成型过程中,粘结剂和纳米前驱体能均匀地从内部降低和填补骨架结构的空隙,同时降低组分间隙,提高陶瓷结合力,使得陶瓷表面载荷卸除的过程中,表面以下的中位裂纹逐渐闭合,以提高陶瓷的致密性,并消除组分之间的缺陷,降低应力集中点,提高机械性能。
本发明采用升降温法烧成工艺,随着温度的升高,伴随着烧结能量的增高,坯体内部的物理化学反应将进行地更加彻底,随着晶界扩散和晶界迁移加快进行,收缩变化更大,升温的过程中通过保温,提供给烧结系统内的能量也在增加,反应也同样的进行更加彻底,以提高收缩率、相对体积密度和机械性能,再通过适当降温,使得扩散和迁移已经彻底完成的晶界进行稳定,坯体内部以更加致密。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明的实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。另,特别说明,本发明原料和设备均可从市售所得,不再一一列举,其中,本发明原材料均可从市售获得,为本领域技术人员所熟知的。
实施例1:
一种高强度高白度陶瓷制品,包括以下重量份的组分:强化玻璃30份、纳米前驱体40份、石英8份、氧化镁8份、羟甲基纤维素钠12份、膨润土15份和高岭土20份。
一种高强度高白度陶瓷制品的加工工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:将上述强化玻璃、石英、氧化镁、膨润土和高岭土搅拌混合,球磨过200目筛,得混合料;
S2:将上述羟甲基纤维素钠和纳米前驱体加入到步骤S1的混合料中,继续搅拌,得成型料;
S3:对步骤S2所得成型料以400℃,注塑成型压力为6Mpa,成型时间为10s成型,以700℃脱胶,以5℃/min的升温速率,温度升到1200℃,保温2h,再以10℃/min升温至1540℃,常温冷却至1450℃,保温12h烧成,得高强度高白度陶瓷制品。
其中,步骤S1中所述强化玻璃的制备方法包括:
将二氧化硅、氧化锌、氧化铝、碳酸钙和碳酸钠混合加热至1300℃,持续加热保温6h,然后将熔融液倒入常温去离子水中,得玻璃单体;再进行球磨24h,干燥过筛,即得强化玻璃,其中,二氧化硅、氧化锌、氧化铝、碳酸钙和碳酸钠的重量份比为1:1:1:2:2。
其中,步骤S2中所述纳米前驱体的制备方法包括:
S21:将钛酸丁酯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵加入到无水乙醇中,得还原溶液,将体积分数为75%的氨水加入到上述还原溶液中,搅拌2h,于80℃下干燥24h,600℃下煅烧3h,得二氧化钛纳米颗粒,其中,钛酸丁酯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、无水乙醇和氨水的重量份比为1:0.6:5:5;
S22:将质量分数为50%的氧氯化锆溶液和步骤S21所得二氧化钛纳米颗粒加入到去离子水,pH值调节为1-2,得混合溶液;将体积分数为75%的氨水加入到步骤S22所得混合溶液中,搅拌24h后抽滤,将滤饼在80℃下干燥24h,得凝胶;其中,氧氯化锆溶液和二氧化钛纳米颗粒的重量份比为1:1;所述氨水和混合溶液的重量份比为2:1;
S23:将步骤S22所得凝胶于1200℃下煅烧,保温12h,球磨,得纳米前驱体。
实施例2:
一种高强度高白度陶瓷制品,包括以下重量份的组分:强化玻璃20份、纳米前驱体30份、石英5份、氧化镁6份、羟甲基纤维素钠10份、膨润土10份和高岭土18份。
一种高强度高白度陶瓷制品的加工工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:将上述强化玻璃、石英、氧化镁、膨润土和高岭土搅拌混合,球磨过200目筛,得混合料;
S2:将上述羟甲基纤维素钠和纳米前驱体加入到步骤S1的混合料中,继续搅拌,得成型料;
S3:对步骤S2所得成型料以300℃,注塑成型压力为5Mpa,成型时间为8s成型,以600℃脱胶,以5℃/min的升温速率,温度升到1000℃,保温1h,再以10℃/min升温至1500℃,常温冷却至1400℃,保温10h烧成,得高强度高白度陶瓷制品。
其中,步骤S1中所述强化玻璃的制备方法包括:
将二氧化硅、氧化锌、氧化铝、碳酸钙和碳酸钠混合加热至1300℃,持续加热保温6h,然后将熔融液倒入常温去离子水中,得玻璃单体;再进行球磨24h,干燥过筛,即得强化玻璃,其中,二氧化硅、氧化锌、氧化铝、碳酸钙和碳酸钠的重量份比为1:1:1:2:2。
其中,步骤S2中所述纳米前驱体的制备方法包括:
S21:将钛酸丁酯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵加入到无水乙醇中,得还原溶液,将体积分数为75%的氨水加入到上述还原溶液中,搅拌2h,于80℃下干燥24h,600℃下煅烧3h,得二氧化钛纳米颗粒,其中,钛酸丁酯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、无水乙醇和氨水的重量份比为1:0.6:5:5;
S22:将质量分数为50%的氧氯化锆溶液和步骤S21所得二氧化钛纳米颗粒加入到去离子水,pH值调节为1-2,得混合溶液;将体积分数为75%的氨水加入到步骤S22所得混合溶液中,搅拌24h后抽滤,将滤饼在80℃下干燥24h,得凝胶;其中,氧氯化锆溶液和二氧化钛纳米颗粒的重量份比为1:1;所述氨水和混合溶液的重量份比为2:1;
S23:将步骤S22所得凝胶于1200℃下煅烧,保温12h,球磨,得纳米前驱体。
实施例3:
一种高强度高白度陶瓷制品,包括以下重量份的组分:强化玻璃25份、纳米前驱体35份、石英6份、氧化镁7份、羟甲基纤维素钠11份、膨润土12份和高岭土19份。
一种高强度高白度陶瓷制品的加工工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:将上述强化玻璃、石英、氧化镁、膨润土和高岭土搅拌混合,球磨过200目筛,得混合料;
S2:将上述羟甲基纤维素钠和纳米前驱体加入到步骤S1的混合料中,继续搅拌,得成型料;
S3:对步骤S2所得成型料以350℃,注塑成型压力为5.5Mpa,成型时间为9s成型,以650℃脱胶,以5℃/min的升温速率,温度升到1100℃,保温1.5h,再以10℃/min升温至1520℃,常温冷却至1420℃,保温11h烧成,得高强度高白度陶瓷制品。
其中,步骤S1中所述强化玻璃的制备方法包括:
将二氧化硅、氧化锌、氧化铝、碳酸钙和碳酸钠混合加热至1300℃,持续加热保温6h,然后将熔融液倒入常温去离子水中,得玻璃单体;再进行球磨24h,干燥过筛,即得强化玻璃,其中,二氧化硅、氧化锌、氧化铝、碳酸钙和碳酸钠的重量份比为1:1:1:2:2。
其中,步骤S2中所述纳米前驱体的制备方法包括:
S21:将钛酸丁酯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵加入到无水乙醇中,得还原溶液,将体积分数为75%的氨水加入到上述还原溶液中,搅拌2h,于80℃下干燥24h,600℃下煅烧3h,得二氧化钛纳米颗粒,其中,钛酸丁酯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、无水乙醇和氨水的重量份比为1:0.6:5:5;
S22:将质量分数为50%的氧氯化锆溶液和步骤S21所得二氧化钛纳米颗粒加入到去离子水,pH值调节为1-2,得混合溶液;将体积分数为75%的氨水加入到步骤S22所得混合溶液中,搅拌24h后抽滤,将滤饼在80℃下干燥24h,得凝胶;其中,氧氯化锆溶液和二氧化钛纳米颗粒的重量份比为1:1;所述氨水和混合溶液的重量份比为2:1;
S23:将步骤S22所得凝胶于1200℃下煅烧,保温12h,球磨,得纳米前驱体。
对比例1:
对比例1与实施例1的加工工艺基本相同,不同的是,不用强化玻璃和纳米前驱体,具体为:
一种陶瓷制品,包括以下重量份的组分:石英8份、氧化镁8份、羟甲基纤维素钠12份、膨润土15份和高岭土20份。
一种陶瓷制品的加工工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:将上述石英、氧化镁、膨润土和高岭土搅拌混合,球磨过200目筛,得混合料;
S2:将上述羟甲基纤维素钠加入到步骤S1的混合料中,继续搅拌,得成型料;
S3:对步骤S2所得成型料以400℃,注塑成型压力为6Mpa,成型时间为10s成型,以700℃脱胶,以5℃/min的升温速率,温度升到1200℃,保温2h,再以10℃/min升温至1540℃,常温冷却至1450℃,保温12h烧成,得高强度高白度陶瓷制品。
对比例2:
对比例1与实施例1的加工工艺基本相同,不同的是,不采用升温降温法烧成工艺,具体为:
一种陶瓷制品,包括以下重量份的组分:强化玻璃30份、纳米前驱体40份、石英8份、氧化镁8份、羟甲基纤维素钠12份、膨润土15份和高岭土20份。
一种陶瓷制品的加工工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:将上述强化玻璃、石英、氧化镁、膨润土和高岭土搅拌混合,球磨过200目筛,得混合料;
S2:将上述羟甲基纤维素钠和纳米前驱体加入到步骤S1的混合料中,继续搅拌,得成型料;
S3:对步骤S2所得成型料以400℃,注塑成型压力为6Mpa,成型时间为10s成型,以700℃脱胶,以1540℃,保温12h烧成,得高强度高白度陶瓷制品。
其中,步骤S1中所述强化玻璃的制备方法包括:
将二氧化硅、氧化锌、氧化铝、碳酸钙和碳酸钠混合加热至1300℃,持续加热保温6h,然后将熔融液倒入常温去离子水中,得玻璃单体;再进行球磨24h,干燥过筛,即得强化玻璃,其中,二氧化硅、氧化锌、氧化铝、碳酸钙和碳酸钠的重量份比为1:1:1:2:2。
其中,步骤S2中所述纳米前驱体的制备方法包括:
S21:将钛酸丁酯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵加入到无水乙醇中,得还原溶液,将体积分数为75%的氨水加入到上述还原溶液中,搅拌2h,于80℃下干燥24h,600℃下煅烧3h,得二氧化钛纳米颗粒,其中,钛酸丁酯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、无水乙醇和氨水的重量份比为1:0.6:5:5;
S22:将质量分数为50%的氧氯化锆溶液和步骤S21所得二氧化钛纳米颗粒加入到去离子水,pH值调节为1-2,得混合溶液;将体积分数为75%的氨水加入到步骤S22所得混合溶液中,搅拌24h后抽滤,将滤饼在80℃下干燥24h,得凝胶;其中,氧氯化锆溶液和二氧化钛纳米颗粒的重量份比为1:1;所述氨水和混合溶液的重量份比为2:1;
S23:将步骤S22所得凝胶于1200℃下煅烧,保温12h,球磨,得纳米前驱体。
下面对本发明实施例1至实施例3、对比例1至对比例2得到的陶瓷制品以及普通陶瓷制品(购于市售维乐耐磨白色陶瓷)进行性能测试,测试结果如表1所示。
本发明的陶瓷制品的白度,依照行业标准QB/T 1503-2011进行测试;陶瓷制品的机械强度,依照GB/T 4740-1999进行测试。
表1实施例1-3、市售陶瓷制品和对比例1-2的测试数据
测试项目 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 | 市售陶瓷 |
白度% | 90.7 | 87.8 | 88.5 | 69.1 | 74.9 | 87.5 |
抗压强度/MPa | 760 | 740 | 720 | 510 | 630 | 680 |
断裂韧性/MPa.m<sup>1/2</sup> | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.4 | 6.2 | 7.1 | 7.2 |
抗弯强度/MPa | 800 | 810 | 770 | 520 | 680 | 710 |
从上表可以看出,实施例1-3的白度较对比例1-2和市售陶瓷制品均有所提高,且抗压强度、断裂韧性和抗弯强度亦较好。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种高强度高白度陶瓷制品,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的组分:强化玻璃20-30份、纳米前驱体30-40份、石英5-8份、氧化镁6-8份、粘结剂10-12份、膨润土10-15份和高岭土18-20份;
所述粘结剂为羟甲基纤维素钠;
所述的高强度高白度陶瓷制品的加工工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:将强化玻璃、石英、氧化镁、膨润土和高岭土搅拌混合,球磨过200目筛,得混合料;
所述强化玻璃的制备方法包括:
将二氧化硅、氧化锌、氧化铝、碳酸钙和碳酸钠混合加热至1300℃,持续加热保温6h,然后将熔融液倒入常温去离子水中,得玻璃单体;再进行球磨24h,干燥过筛,即得强化玻璃;
S2:将粘结剂和纳米前驱体加入到步骤S1的混合料中,继续搅拌,得成型料;
S3:对步骤S2所得成型料进行成型、脱胶、烧成,得高强度高白度陶瓷制品;
所述烧成工艺为:以5℃/min的升温速率,温度升到1000-1200℃,保温1-2h,再以10℃/min升温至1500-1540℃,常温冷却至1400-1450℃,保温10-12h;
所述二氧化硅、氧化锌、氧化铝、碳酸钙和碳酸钠的重量份比为1:1:1:2:2;
所述纳米前驱体的制备方法包括:
S21:制备二氧化钛纳米颗粒;
S22:将质量分数为50%的氧氯化锆溶液和步骤S21所得二氧化钛纳米颗粒加入到去离子水,pH值调节为1-2,得混合溶液;
S23:将体积分数为75%的氨水加入到步骤S22所得混合溶液中,搅拌24h后抽滤,将滤饼在80℃下干燥24h,得凝胶;
S24:将步骤S23所得凝胶于1200℃下煅烧,保温12h,球磨,得纳米前驱体。
2.如权利要求1所述的高强度高白度陶瓷制品,其特征在于,所述氧氯化锆溶液和二氧化钛纳米颗粒的重量份比为1:1;所述氨水和混合溶液的重量份比为2:1。
3.如权利要求1所述的高强度高白度陶瓷制品,其特征在于,步骤S21中所述二氧化钛纳米颗粒的制备方法包括:将钛酸丁酯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵加入到无水乙醇中,得还原溶液,将体积分数为75%的氨水加入到上述还原溶液中,搅拌2h,于80℃下干燥24h,600℃下煅烧3h,得二氧化钛纳米颗粒。
4.如权利要求3所述的高强度高白度陶瓷制品,其特征在于,所述钛酸丁酯、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、无水乙醇和氨水的重量份比为1:0.6:5:5。
5.如权利要求1所述的高强度高白度陶瓷制品,其特征在于,所述步骤S3中成型料进行成型、脱胶、烧成的工艺具体包括:
所述成型的温度为300-400℃,成型压力为5-6MPa,成型时间为8-10s;
所述脱胶的温度为600-700℃。
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