CN114477639A - Slope ecological ditch system for efficiently intercepting and dissolving runoff nitrogen and phosphorus - Google Patents
Slope ecological ditch system for efficiently intercepting and dissolving runoff nitrogen and phosphorus Download PDFInfo
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- CN114477639A CN114477639A CN202210105375.9A CN202210105375A CN114477639A CN 114477639 A CN114477639 A CN 114477639A CN 202210105375 A CN202210105375 A CN 202210105375A CN 114477639 A CN114477639 A CN 114477639A
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- Prior art keywords
- runoff
- phosphorus
- nitrogen
- area
- ditch
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
- E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
- E02B15/06—Barriers therefor construed for applying processing agents or for collecting pollutants, e.g. absorbent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/16—Total nitrogen (tkN-N)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/18—PO4-P
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/24—Separation of coarse particles, e.g. by using sieves or screens
Abstract
The invention discloses a sloping field ecological ditch system for efficiently intercepting and absorbing runoff nitrogen and phosphorus, which comprises a main drainage ditch and an absorption area, wherein a water inlet is arranged at the high position of the absorption area, a water outlet is arranged at the low position of the absorption area, the ditch bottom of the main drainage ditch connected with the front end of the water inlet gradually sinks to the bottom of the water inlet to form a settlement surface, the rear wall of the water inlet vertically extends upwards until the bottom of the main drainage ditch to form a water retaining surface, a filtering device is arranged at the water outlet and used for intercepting runoff particle pollutants and garbage, aquatic plants for absorbing the runoff nitrogen and phosphorus are planted in the absorption area, a pebble layer for fixing roots and adsorbing suspended particles is paved at the bottom of the absorption area, the absorption capacity of the runoff nitrogen and phosphorus can be maintained by periodically replacing the aquatic plants, the runoff nitrogen and phosphorus can be effectively intercepted and absorbed in the middle-dribble runoff, the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants can be intercepted and avoided from surface pollution, and the system has the advantages of preventing flood soil loss and good flood discharge effect, Obvious effect of intercepting and dissolving nitrogen and phosphorus, beautifying the environment and protecting the biological diversification of the farmland.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural non-point source pollution control, in particular to a sloping field ecological ditch system for efficiently intercepting and dissolving runoff nitrogen and phosphorus.
Background
Common ditches are divided into soil ditches and hardened ditches, green plants can be generally planted when the ditches are built, the effects of beautifying the environment, preventing water and soil loss and preventing nitrogen and phosphorus loss are achieved, and about 80% of nitrogen and phosphorus loss can be carried away by about 30% of front-section runoff.
The main function of the dry slope trench is flood drainage, the planting plants can reduce the water passing area of the trench, so that the flood drainage is influenced, and the aquatic plants in the trench can be flushed away from the trench by strong water power during the flood drainage to block a downstream trench; the dry slope trench is in a drought state in non-rainy seasons for a long time, and aquatic vegetation planted in the trench is easy to wither at high temperature in drought, so that the ecological trench loses the functions of intercepting and dissolving runoff nitrogen and phosphorus and the ecological beautifying function, and nitrogen and phosphorus released by rotting and decomposing withered plant bodies even aggravate the surface source pollution risk.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sloping field ecological ditch system for efficiently intercepting and dissolving runoff nitrogen and phosphorus, which has the advantages of good flood drainage effect, ecological beautification and remarkable effect of intercepting and dissolving runoff nitrogen and phosphorus, and solves a series of problems of flood discharge caused by blockage of a downstream channel by green plant impact ditches, surface source pollution caused by incapability of dissolving runoff nitrogen and phosphorus by plants and the like.
Therefore, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a sloping field ecological ditch system for efficiently intercepting and absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus of runoff comprises a main drainage ditch with terrain height difference and an absorption area positioned beside the wall of the main drainage ditch, wherein a water inlet is arranged at the high position of the absorption area, a water outlet is arranged at the low position of the absorption area, the water inlet and the water outlet are both communicated with the main drainage ditch, the bottom of a section of the main drainage ditch connected with the front end of the water inlet gradually sinks to the bottom of the water inlet to form a settlement surface, the rear wall of the water inlet vertically extends upwards to the bottom of the main drainage ditch to form a water retaining surface, so that the runoff of medium and small rainfall or the rainfall front runoff from the main drainage ditch is conveniently intercepted and poured into the absorption area, a filtering device is arranged at the water outlet to intercept runoff particle pollutants and garbage in the absorption area, aquatic plants for absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus of the runoff are planted in the absorption area, a pebble layer for fixing roots and adsorbing suspended particles is laid at the bottom of the absorption area, and the absorption capacity of the nitrogen and phosphorus of the runoff can be maintained by periodically replacing the aquatic plants, planting slope fixing plants on the bank slope of the digestion area, wherein the area calculation formula of the digestion area is as follows:
the calculation formula of the maximum drainage flow within 24h is as follows: q24h＝Ka*P24hmax*F*103，KaRepresenting flow parameters, and taking 0.4-0.5; p24hmaxRepresents the 24h maximum rainfall, unit: mm; f denotes catchment area, unit: km2。
Preferably, the filtering device comprises coarse pebbles, quartz sand, fine river sand and a filtering screen which are sequentially paved from bottom to top along the overflowing direction, wherein the filtering screen is used for intercepting dry branches and fallen leaves, and the fine river sand, the quartz sand and the coarse pebble layer can effectively intercept particle pollutants and avoid entering the main drainage ditch to influence the flood discharge effect of the main drainage ditch.
Further preferably, the bank slope of the digestion area is a slope, so that slope-fixing plants can be planted conveniently, and the ecology is greened.
Further preferably, the bank slope in the digestion area is a hardened vertical ridge, so that the structure is stable, and the slope collapse is effectively prevented.
Further preferably, the junction of the water inlet and the main drainage ditch is in a smooth inclined transition state, smooth inflow of medium and small rainfall runoff or storm rainfall front-section runoff is guaranteed, and runoff inflow absorption areas are prevented from being blocked due to rugged junctions.
Further preferably, the height of the pebble layer is 10-15 cm, the situation that the height of the pebble layer is not enough to stabilize the root hairs of the aquatic plants is avoided, and the situation that the growth of the root hairs of the aquatic plants is influenced and the accumulation of runoff in an absorption area is influenced by too much pebble layer is avoided.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) aquatic plants for absorbing the nitrogen and phosphorus in the runoff are planted in the absorption area, the absorption capacity of the nitrogen and phosphorus in the runoff can be maintained by periodically replacing the aquatic plants, the nitrogen and phosphorus absorption effect is obvious, slope fixing plants are planted on the side slope of the absorption area, the soil layer can be stabilized while the ecological environment is beautified by the slope fixing plants, and water and soil loss is effectively prevented; meanwhile, the aquatic plants have ornamental value, can green and beautify the environment, and endow the slope ecological ditch system with the landscape function; in addition, the fertilizer and pesticide application period of the farmland can provide a pest-avoiding rest-breeding and reproduction harbor for beneficial animals, microorganisms and the like, and the effect of protecting the biological diversity of the farmland is achieved.
(2) The absorption area is located beside the main drainage ditch wall, the inlet and the outlet are communicated with the absorption area and the main drainage ditch, the ditch bottom of the front end connecting section of the main drainage ditch and the water inlet gradually sinks to the bottom of the water inlet to form a sedimentation surface, the rear wall of the water inlet vertically extends upwards until the bottom surface of the main drainage ditch to form a water retaining surface, so that medium and small rainfall runoff or rainfall storm front runoff from the main drainage ditch can be conveniently intercepted and poured into the absorption area, the water outlet is provided with a filtering device for intercepting runoff particle pollutants and waste energy overflowing the absorption area, the absorption area can intercept 30% of runoff of the front runoff, about 80% of nitrogen and phosphorus runoff loss can be carried away by the front runoff of the storm rain storm of about 30%, and aquatic plants are planted in the absorption area for nitrogen and phosphorus interception and reduction, so that the effect is very good.
(3) The delivery port is equipped with filter equipment for interception runoff particle pollutant and rubbish, prevent simultaneously that the aquatic plant in the district of taking up from being washed into main drainage ditch, lead to the condition emergence of main drainage ditch low reaches jam.
In conclusion, the invention has the characteristics of preventing water and soil loss, having good flood discharge effect, having obvious effect of intercepting and dissolving nitrogen and phosphorus, beautifying the environment and protecting the biological diversification of the farmland.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side sectional view of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
with reference to fig. 1-2, a slope ecological ditch system for efficiently intercepting and absorbing runoff nitrogen and phosphorus comprises a main drainage ditch 1 with terrain height difference and absorption areas 2 located beside the ditch wall of the main drainage ditch 1, wherein the number of the absorption areas 2 is not limited to one, and can be N.
A water inlet 21 is arranged at the high position of the absorption area 2, a water outlet 22 is arranged at the low position of the absorption area, the water inlet 21 and the water outlet 22 are both communicated with the main drainage ditch 1, and the ditch bottom of the connection section of the main drainage ditch 1 and the front end of the water inlet 21 gradually sinks until the bottom of the water inlet 21 to form a settlement surface A; the rear wall of the water inlet 21 extends vertically upward to the bottom surface of the main drainage ditch 1 to form a water retaining surface B. Through the combined action of the settlement surface and the water retaining surface, the medium and small rain runoff or storm front-stage runoff from the main drainage ditch 1 can be intercepted and poured into the digestion area 2. When medium and small rainfall runoff or torrential rainfall anterior segment runoff flows in main gutter 1, once through the area of dissolving 2, then flow into at first and dissolve area 2 and carry out nitrogen phosphorus and dissolve.
The water outlet 22 is provided with a filtering device for intercepting runoff particle pollutants and garbage overflowing the digestion area 2. The filtering device comprises coarse pebbles 223, quartz sand 222, fine river sand 221 and a filter screen, wherein the coarse pebble layers, the quartz sand and the fine river sand are sequentially paved from bottom to top along the overflow direction, and the filter screen is used for intercepting dead branches and fallen leaves and can effectively intercept particle pollutants. However, the arrangement of the filter device is not limited to this.
And a fixed slope plant is planted on the bank slope 24 of the digestion area. The bank slope 24 of the absorption area can be a slope, so that slope-fixing plants can be planted conveniently and the ecology can be afforested; the vertical ridge can be hardened, so that the structure is stable, and the slope collapse is effectively prevented.
When the runoff of the medium and small rain or the runoff of the front section of the torrential rain enters the main drainage ditch 1, the runoff enters the digestion area 2 from the water inlet 21. After the runoff is fully accumulated in the digestion area 2, redundant runoff enters the main drainage ditch 1 through the water outlet 22, and the aquatic plants 23 in the digestion area 2 digest nitrogen and phosphorus in the main drainage ditch, so that the nitrogen and phosphorus loss is reduced. When the plant digestion capacity is insufficient, the new aquatic plant 23 is replaced in time.
The filter device at the water outlet 22 can intercept particulate pollutants and dry branches and fallen leaves in runoff overflowing from the digestion area 2, so that the situation that garbage flows into the downstream of the main drainage ditch 1 to be blocked and the flood discharge effect of the main drainage ditch 1 is influenced is prevented.
Along with the rainfall increase, torrential rain back end runoff gets into main gutter 1, because the torrential rain velocity of flow is fast and the district 2 of taking up has filled up the unable back end runoff that holds of anterior segment runoff, so the back end runoff can be directly along the smooth flood discharge of main gutter 1.
The area calculation formula of the absorption region 2 is as follows:
wherein, A represents the area of the absorption region, and the unit is: square meter; 0.3 represents that the digestion zone retains 30 percent of the runoff at the front section; h represents the average depth of the absorption region, unit: m; n represents the number of ecological absorption areas arranged according to actual landforms in the catchment area, and the unit is as follows: a plurality of; q24hRepresents the maximum drainage flow rate within 24h, and the unit is as follows: m is3。
Meanwhile, a ═ L × W, where L denotes the length of the absorbing region in the trench direction and W denotes the width of the absorbing region in the vertical trench direction, was measured based on actual topographic conditions.
The calculation formula of the maximum drainage flow within 24h is as follows: q24h＝Ka*P24hmax*F*103，KaExpressing flow parameters according to technical Specifications for Farmland drainage engineering (SL/T4-2020) in hill region KaTaking 0.4-0.5; p24hmaxRepresents the 24h maximum rainfall, unit: mm; f denotes catchment area, unit: km2。
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a high-efficient interception dissolves sloping field ecological ditch system of runoff nitrogen phosphorus which characterized in that: comprises a main drainage ditch (1) with a terrain height difference and a digestion area (2) positioned beside the ditch wall of the main drainage ditch (1), wherein a water inlet (21) is arranged at the high position of the digestion area (2), a water outlet (22) is arranged at the lower position of the digestion area, the water inlet (21) and the water outlet (22) are both communicated with the main drainage ditch (1), the ditch bottom of the front end connecting section of the main drainage ditch (1) and the water inlet (21) gradually sinks to the bottom of the water inlet (21) to form a sedimentation surface (A), the rear wall of the water inlet (21) vertically extends upwards until the bottom of the main drainage ditch (1) to form a water retaining surface (B) so as to conveniently intercept runoff particles and pollutants of runoff from the main drainage ditch (1) and pour into the digestion area (2), the water outlet (22) is provided with a filtering device for intercepting the runoff particles and garbage overflowing from the digestion area (2), and aquatic plants (23) for digesting runoff nitrogen and phosphorus are planted in the digestion area (2), eggs for fixing roots and adsorbing suspended particles are laid at the bottom of the digestion area (2)The stone layer (25) to can keep runoff nitrogen phosphorus's ability of dissolving through regularly changing aquatic plant (23), solid slope plant has been planted in the district bank slope (24) of dissolving, the area computational formula in the district of dissolving (2) is:
wherein, A represents the area of the absorption region, and the unit is: square meter; 0.3 represents that the digestion zone retains 30 percent of the runoff at the front section; h represents the mean depth of the digestion zone, unit: m; n represents the number of ecological digestion areas in the catchment area, and the unit is as follows: a plurality of; q24hRepresents the maximum drainage flow rate within 24h, and the unit is as follows: m is3(ii) a Meanwhile, A is L W, wherein L represents the length of the absorption region along the direction of the trench, and W represents the width of the absorption region vertical to the direction of the trench;
the calculation formula of the maximum drainage flow within 24h is as follows: q24h＝Ka*P24hmax*F*103，KaRepresenting flow parameters, and taking 0.4-0.5; p24hmaxRepresents the 24h maximum rainfall, unit: mm; f denotes catchment area, unit: km2。
2. The sloping field ecological ditch system for efficiently intercepting and eliminating runoff nitrogen and phosphorus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the filtering device comprises coarse pebbles (223), quartz sand (222), fine river sand (221) and a filter screen which are sequentially paved from bottom to top along the overflow direction, wherein the filter screen is used for intercepting dry branches and fallen leaves.
3. The sloping field ecological ditch system for efficiently intercepting and eliminating runoff nitrogen and phosphorus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the absorption region bank slope (24) is a slope.
4. The sloping field ecological ditch system for efficiently intercepting and eliminating runoff nitrogen and phosphorus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the absorption area bank slope (24) is a hardened vertical ridge.
5. The slope ecological ditch system for efficiently intercepting and absorbing runoff nitrogen and phosphorus according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the height of the pebble layer (25) is 10-15 cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210105375.9A CN114477639A (en) | 2022-01-28 | 2022-01-28 | Slope ecological ditch system for efficiently intercepting and dissolving runoff nitrogen and phosphorus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210105375.9A CN114477639A (en) | 2022-01-28 | 2022-01-28 | Slope ecological ditch system for efficiently intercepting and dissolving runoff nitrogen and phosphorus |
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| CN114477639A true CN114477639A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
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| CN202210105375.9A Pending CN114477639A (en) | 2022-01-28 | 2022-01-28 | Slope ecological ditch system for efficiently intercepting and dissolving runoff nitrogen and phosphorus |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN204529468U (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-08-05 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | A kind ofly do not affect the ecological canal structure of flood passage for collection and treatment early-stage rainwater |
| CN106192938A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-12-07 | 山东省分析测试中心 | A kind of ecological canal system for farmland water-break pollution prevention and construction method |
| CN108729426A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-11-02 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of sewerage and control method for agricultural run-off draining isolation of purified |
| CN109250859A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-01-22 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of resident living area initial rainwater runoff intercepts, purification equipment |
| WO2019137149A1 (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2019-07-18 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Engineering system for collecting and utilizing regional rainwater and allocation method |
-
2022
- 2022-01-28 CN CN202210105375.9A patent/CN114477639A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102285719A (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2011-12-21 | 北京锡兰石环境工程技术开发有限公司 | Multifunctional purification system of side artificial channel |
| CN204529468U (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-08-05 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | A kind ofly do not affect the ecological canal structure of flood passage for collection and treatment early-stage rainwater |
| CN106192938A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-12-07 | 山东省分析测试中心 | A kind of ecological canal system for farmland water-break pollution prevention and construction method |
| CN109250859A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-01-22 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of resident living area initial rainwater runoff intercepts, purification equipment |
| WO2019137149A1 (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2019-07-18 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Engineering system for collecting and utilizing regional rainwater and allocation method |
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