CN114475217B - Three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for heavy truck - Google Patents
Three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for heavy truck Download PDFInfo
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- CN114475217B CN114475217B CN202210300932.2A CN202210300932A CN114475217B CN 114475217 B CN114475217 B CN 114475217B CN 202210300932 A CN202210300932 A CN 202210300932A CN 114475217 B CN114475217 B CN 114475217B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
- B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
- B60K6/543—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a continuously variable transmission
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for a heavy truck, which belongs to the technical field of heavy truck transmission systems and comprises a shell, a generator, a driving motor, an engine and a double-planet-row power coupling mechanism; the engine is connected with the rear planet carrier through a central shaft; the rear sun gear is connected with an inner hollow shaft connected with a generator; the front sun gear is connected with an outer hollow shaft connected with a driving motor; the shell is provided with a sliding sleeve locking device. The three power is coupled under different conditions through a double-planet-row power coupling mechanism, the speed of the rear sun gear and the rear planet carrier is regulated through the generator and the engine respectively, stepless speed change, engine rotating speed and vehicle speed decoupling are realized, and flexible switching of various working modes is realized through adjusting the sliding sleeve locking device; the uninterrupted output power in the gear shifting process under each working mode is realized through the torque compensation of the generator and the engine; the power performance is ensured, and meanwhile, the comfort, the safety and the economical efficiency of the whole vehicle are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heavy truck transmission systems, and particularly relates to a three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for a heavy truck.
Background
The new energy automobile is an automobile which adopts unconventional automobile fuel as a power source (or adopts conventional automobile fuel and a novel automobile-mounted power device) and integrates the advanced technology in the aspects of power control and driving of the automobile, and the formed technical principle is advanced, and the automobile has a new technology and a new structure.
New energy vehicles include four large types of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV), pure electric vehicles (BEV, including solar vehicles), fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV), other new energy vehicles (e.g., super capacitors, efficient energy storage such as flywheels), and the like. Unconventional automotive fuels refer to fuels other than gasoline, diesel.
In the field of heavy trucks, hybrid systems have a large development space. At present, a P2 parallel connection structure is generally adopted in a heavy truck hybrid system, and a gearbox adopted in the structure is basically consistent with a traditional energy gearbox in structure, so that the problems of gear shifting power interruption, difficult axial arrangement, incapability of decoupling of engine speed and vehicle speed and the like exist. The power split type mixed-motion structure adopted in the field of passenger cars can realize stepless speed regulation and no power interruption during driving, but has the advantages of simple structure, small transmission torque and incapability of being well suitable for the field of heavy trucks with more complex working conditions.
At present, no complete heavy truck vehicle mixed system exists, and the requirements of uninterrupted gear shifting power, stepless speed change, engine speed and vehicle speed decoupling are met while the dynamic performance is maintained.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for a heavy truck, which can meet the requirements of uninterrupted gear shifting power, stepless speed change, engine speed, speed decoupling and the like, and can be better suitable for the field of heavy trucks.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for a heavy truck comprises a shell, a generator, a driving motor, an engine, an axle and a double-planet-row power coupling mechanism;
the double-planet-row power coupling mechanism comprises a front planet-row power coupling mechanism and a rear planet-row power coupling mechanism, wherein the outer rings of the planet gears of the front planet-row power coupling mechanism and the rear planet-row power coupling mechanism are meshed with a gear ring together, and the gear ring is in transmission connection with an axle;
the engine is connected with a rear planet carrier of the rear planet row power coupling mechanism through a central shaft; the rear sun gear of the rear planet row power coupling mechanism is connected with an inner hollow shaft, and the generator is in transmission connection with the inner hollow shaft; the front sun gear of the front planetary gear power coupling mechanism is connected with an outer hollow shaft, and the driving motor is in transmission connection with the outer hollow shaft through a driving motor gearbox system;
the central shaft, the inner hollow shaft and the outer hollow shaft are coaxially arranged from inside to outside;
the shell is provided with a sliding sleeve locking device which can respectively lock the central shaft and the inner hollow shaft.
The invention further improves that the driving motor gearbox system comprises a fifth transmission gear which is connected and installed with the output shaft of the driving motor, a sixth transmission gear, a seventh transmission gear and an eighth transmission gear which are connected and installed through a connecting shaft; the fifth transmission gear is meshed with the sixth transmission gear; the outer hollow shaft is rotatably provided with a second transmission gear and a first transmission gear which are respectively meshed with the seventh transmission gear and the eighth transmission gear; the outer hollow shaft is provided with a main box synchronizer which can be respectively connected with the second transmission gear and the first transmission gear; and a front planet carrier of the front planet row power coupling mechanism is provided with a secondary box synchronizer which can be respectively connected with the front sun gear and the shell.
The invention further improves that the sliding sleeve locking device comprises a central shaft gear hub connected and installed with the central shaft, an inner hollow shaft gear hub connected and installed with the inner hollow shaft and a sliding sleeve installed on the shell; the sliding sleeve is provided with three gears, namely, a gear hub connected with the central shaft, a gear hub connected with the inner hollow shaft and a neutral gear.
A further development of the invention provides that the main gearbox synchronizer has three gears, namely a second gear, a first gear and a neutral gear.
The invention further provides that the auxiliary box synchronizer has two gears, which are respectively connected with the front sun gear and the shell.
Further improvements of the invention are that a torque plate for connecting with the secondary box synchronizer is mounted on the housing.
A further development of the invention provides that the engine is in driving connection with the central shaft via a clutch.
The invention further improves that the generator is connected with the inner hollow shaft in a transmission way through a generator speed reducing system; the generator speed reducing system comprises a third transmission gear, a fourth transmission gear and a ninth transmission gear which are sequentially meshed; the third transmission gear is connected with an output shaft of the generator, and the ninth transmission gear is connected with the inner hollow shaft.
Further improvements of the present invention are provided in which the central shaft, the inner hollow shaft and the outer hollow shaft are rotatably mounted to the housing by bearings, respectively.
From the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the power of the driving motor is transmitted to the front sun wheel through a driving motor gearbox system; the power of the engine is transmitted to the rear planet carrier through the central shaft; the generator is in transmission connection with the rear sun wheel through the inner hollow shaft, so that the rotation speed of the rear sun wheel can be regulated and reversely charged, and the three power is coupled under different conditions through the double-planet-row power coupling mechanism. The whole structure is simple, the design is compact, and the practicality is good.
The speed of the rear sun gear and the rear planet carrier is respectively regulated by the generator and the engine, stepless speed change, engine rotating speed and vehicle speed decoupling are realized, the engine can continuously run in a high-efficiency interval at a constant speed, the fuel saving rate is improved, and the running economy of the whole vehicle is improved. The speed ratio range of the gearbox can be widened through the adjustment of the main box synchronizer and the auxiliary box synchronizer so as to enhance the dynamic property of the whole vehicle. The sliding sleeve locking device is adjusted to realize flexible switching of a pure electric mode, a hybrid mode and an engine direct-drive mode under complex working conditions. The uninterrupted output power in the gear shifting process under each working mode is realized through the torque compensation of the generator and the engine.
The novel energy commercial vehicle can be widely applied to the field of novel energy commercial vehicles, particularly for heavy trucks with complex working conditions and more ascending and descending slopes, the comfort, safety and economy of the whole vehicle are improved while the dynamic property of the whole vehicle is ensured, and the novel energy commercial vehicle has wide popularization and application prospects and good practicability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description will be briefly introduced below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a sliding sleeve locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the accompanying drawings: 1. central shaft, 2, shell, 3, front planet carrier, 4, front sun gear, 5, gear ring, 6, double planetary gear power coupling mechanism, 7, rear planet carrier, 8, output shaft, 9, rear sun gear, 10, inner hollow shaft, 11, torque transmission plate, 12, auxiliary box synchronizer, 13, first transmission gear, 14, main box synchronizer, 15, second transmission gear, 16, third transmission gear, 17, outer hollow shaft, 18, sliding sleeve locking device, 19, fourth transmission gear, 20, axle, 21, fifth transmission gear, 22, sixth transmission gear, 23, seventh transmission gear, 24, eighth transmission gear, 25, connecting shaft, 26, generator, 27, driving motor, 28, engine, 29, clutch, 30, inner hollow shaft gear hub, 31, sliding sleeve, 32, shifting fork, 33, central shaft gear hub, 34 and ninth transmission gear.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in this specific embodiment, and it is apparent that the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments in this patent, which would be within the purview of one of ordinary skill in the art without the particular effort to make the invention are intended to be within the scope of the patent protection.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses a three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for a heavy truck, which comprises a shell 2, a generator 26, a driving motor 27, an engine 28, an axle 20 and a double-planet-row power coupling mechanism 6;
the double planetary gear set power coupling mechanism 6 comprises a front planetary gear set power coupling mechanism and a rear planetary gear set power coupling mechanism; the front planet row power coupling mechanism comprises a front sun gear 4, a front planet carrier 3 and a plurality of planet gears arranged on the front planet carrier 3, and the rear planet row power coupling mechanism comprises a rear sun gear 9, a rear planet carrier 7 and a plurality of planet gears arranged on the rear planet carrier 7; the outer rings of a plurality of planetary gears of the front planetary gear power coupling mechanism and the rear planetary gear power coupling mechanism are meshed with a gear ring 5, the gear ring 5 is rotatably connected with the shell 2 through a bearing, and the gear ring 5 is in transmission connection with an axle 20 through an output shaft 8 so as to drive wheels and realize advancing;
the engine 28 is connected with the rear planet carrier 7 through the central shaft 1; the rear sun gear 9 is connected with an inner hollow shaft 10, and the generator 26 is in transmission connection with the inner hollow shaft 10; the front sun gear 4 is connected with an outer hollow shaft 17, and a driving motor 27 can be in transmission connection with the outer hollow shaft 17 through a driving motor gearbox system;
the central shaft 1, the inner hollow shaft 10 and the outer hollow shaft 17 are coaxially arranged in sequence from inside to outside; the space arrangement is more compact, and the higher integration level is ensured;
the housing 2 is fitted with a slide locking device 18 which is capable of locking the central shaft 1 and the inner hollow shaft 10, respectively. Flexible switching of the individual drive modes is achieved by means of the slide locking device 18.
As shown in fig. 1, the driving motor gearbox system comprises a fifth transmission gear 21 connected and installed with an output shaft of a driving motor 27, a sixth transmission gear 22, a seventh transmission gear 23 and an eighth transmission gear 24 which are sequentially connected and installed through a connecting shaft 25; the fifth transmission gear 21 is meshed with the sixth transmission gear 22; the outer hollow shaft 17 is rotatably provided with a second transmission gear 15 and a first transmission gear 13 which are respectively meshed with a seventh transmission gear 23 and an eighth transmission gear 24, and the second transmission gear 15 and the first transmission gear 13 are respectively sleeved on the outer hollow shaft 17 through bearings; the outer hollow shaft 17 is provided with a main box synchronizer 14 which can be respectively connected with the second transmission gear 15 and the first transmission gear 13; the front planet carrier 3 of the front planet row power coupling mechanism is provided with a secondary box synchronizer 12 which can be respectively connected with the front sun gear 4 and the shell 2, the front planet carrier 3 is connected with the secondary box synchronizer 12 through a sleeve, and the sleeve is rotationally sleeved outside the outer hollow shaft 17. Through the arrangement of the main box synchronizer 14 and the auxiliary box synchronizer 12, arrangement of a plurality of gears can be realized, the speed ratio range of the gearbox can be widened, and the dynamic property of the whole vehicle is enhanced.
The second transmission gear 15, the first transmission gear 13 and the front planetary power coupling mechanism are sequentially arranged from left to right, the main box synchronizer 14 is arranged between the second transmission gear 15 and the first transmission gear 13, and the auxiliary box synchronizer 12 is arranged between the first transmission gear 13 and the front planetary power coupling mechanism. The compactness and the rationality of the space arrangement are ensured.
Wherein, the transmission ratio of the seventh transmission gear 23 to the second transmission gear 15 is different from the transmission ratio of the eighth transmission gear 24 to the first transmission gear 13, so that a wider rotation speed output range can be ensured. The transmission ratio of the former is smaller than that of the latter, and can be respectively 1:4 and 1:8.
as shown in fig. 1-2, the sliding sleeve locking device 18 comprises a central shaft gear hub 33 connected and installed with the central shaft 1, an inner hollow shaft gear hub 30 connected and installed with the inner hollow shaft 10, and a sliding sleeve 31 installed on the shell 2; the sliding sleeve 31 has three gears, namely, a connection with the central shaft gear hub 33, a connection with the inner hollow shaft gear hub 30 and a neutral gear. A fork 32 for adjusting the slide bush 31 to the left and right is also mounted on the housing 2. The inner ring and the outer ring of the sliding sleeve 31 are respectively provided with an inner spline and an outer spline, the outer ring of the sliding sleeve 31 is provided with a radial groove, and a shifting fork 32 is inserted into the groove. The inner ring of the shell 2 is provided with an internal spline, two axial grooves are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the shell 2, and the shifting fork 32 is allowed to drive the sliding sleeve 31 to axially translate in the internal spline of the shell. The inner hollow shaft gear hub 30 is in spline connection with the inner hollow shaft 10, and when the sliding sleeve inner spline is in spline connection with the inner hollow shaft gear hub, the inner hollow shaft 10 cannot rotate. The central shaft gear hub 33 is connected with the central shaft 1 through a spline, and when the sliding sleeve internal spline is connected with the central shaft gear hub external spline, the central shaft 1 cannot rotate. Through the three gears of the sliding sleeve 31 of the sliding sleeve locking device 18 in the left, middle and right, the flexible switching among the pure electric mode, the direct engine driving mode and the hybrid mode can be realized.
By adjusting the main box synchronizer 14 and the auxiliary box synchronizer 12, the following four gear adjustments can be achieved:
when the auxiliary box synchronizer 12 moves rightwards, the front planet carrier 3 is connected with the shell 2 through a synchronizer spline, at the moment, the front planet carrier 3 is fixed, and the auxiliary box is in a low gear area; when the auxiliary box synchronizer 12 moves leftwards, the front planet carrier 3 is connected with the front sun gear 4 through a synchronizer spline, the rotating speed of the front sun gear 4 is consistent with that of the gear ring 5, and the auxiliary box is in a high gear area at the moment.
The main box synchronizer 14 moves left and right, so that the connection with the second transmission gear 15 and the first transmission gear 13 can be realized, and the gear positions are respectively a high gear and a low gear; so that the main tank has a high gear zone and a low gear zone.
The arrangement of four gears can be flexibly achieved by combining the high gear region and the low gear region of the main box with the high gear region and the low gear region of the auxiliary box (adjusting the respective left and right gears of the main box synchronizer 14 and the auxiliary box synchronizer 12), respectively: high, medium low and low.
By adjusting the position of the sliding sleeve 31 of the sliding sleeve locking device 18 (connected with the central shaft gear hub 33, connected with the inner hollow shaft gear hub 30 and neutral gear), flexible switching of the electric-only mode, the engine direct drive mode and the hybrid mode can be achieved. The method comprises the following steps:
pure electric mode: the sliding sleeve 31 moves leftwards through the operation of the shifting fork 32, the internal spline of the sliding sleeve 31 is connected with the external spline of the central shaft gear hub 33, the central shaft 1 is fixed, and the power of the driving motor 27 is transmitted to the front sun gear 4 through the external hollow shaft 17; and according to the actual power requirement of the whole vehicle, the generator 26 can be selectively participated in driving, the power of the generator 26 is transmitted to the rear sun gear 9 through the inner hollow shaft 10, and the power is transmitted to the output shaft 8 in a coupling way at the gear ring 5.
Engine direct drive mode: the sliding sleeve 31 moves rightwards through the operation of the shifting fork 32, the internal spline of the sliding sleeve 31 is connected with the external spline of the internal hollow shaft gear hub 30, the internal hollow shaft 10 is fixed with the rear sun gear 9, and the power of the engine 28 is transmitted to the rear planet carrier 7 through the central shaft 1 and is transmitted to the output shaft 8 through the gear ring 5.
Mixing mode: the sliding sleeve 31 is in a neutral position, the internal spline of the sliding sleeve 31 is not connected with any part, the power of the engine 28 is transmitted to the rear planet carrier 7 through the central shaft 1 for power split, the power is split to the gear ring 5 and the rear sun gear 9 respectively, and the rear sun gear 9 is transmitted to the generator 26 through the internal hollow shaft 10 for power generation. If the power is insufficient, the power of the driving motor 27 is transmitted to the front sun gear 4 through the outer hollow shaft 17, and the power of the driving motor 27 and the power of the engine 28 are coupled at the gear ring 5 for power coupling and output. During the speed-fixing high-efficiency interval of the engine 28, the rotation speed of the generator 26 is controlled, so that the rotation speed of the rear sun gear 9 can be adjusted to change the rotation speed of the output shaft 8, and at the moment, the rotation speed of the engine 28 and the vehicle speed are decoupled and infinitely variable.
When the pure electric mode gearbox is shifted, the sliding sleeve 31 is positioned at the left end of the locking central shaft 1, and the power of the generator 26 is transmitted to the gear ring 5 through the inner hollow shaft 10 and the rear sun gear 9 for torque compensation. When the transmission is shifted in the hybrid mode, the engine 28 transmits power to the ring gear 5 for torque compensation by driving the rear carrier 7. Uninterrupted output power during gear shifts in each operating mode is achieved by torque compensation of the generator 26 and the engine 28.
The main gear synchronizer 14 has three gears, namely, a second transmission gear 15, a first transmission gear 13 and a neutral gear. The auxiliary box synchronizer 12 has two gears, which are respectively connected with the front sun gear 4 and with the housing 2. The gear of the main box synchronizer 14 and the auxiliary box synchronizer 12 is adjusted, so that multiple working modes can be realized, and the device is simple in structure and easy to realize.
Wherein, the shell 2 is provided with a torque transmission plate 11 which is used for being connected with a secondary box synchronizer 12. The torque transmission plate 11 transmits torque, has higher structural strength, and ensures the reliability of positioning the front planet carrier 3 and prevents the front planet carrier 3 from rotating when the auxiliary box synchronizer 12 is connected with the torque transmission plate 11.
Wherein the engine 28 is in driving connection with the central shaft 1 via a clutch 29. Disconnection and connection of the power transmission can be flexibly achieved by the clutch 29.
Wherein, as shown in FIG. 1, the generator 26 is in driving connection with the inner hollow shaft 10 through a generator deceleration system; the generator deceleration system comprises a third transmission gear 16, a fourth transmission gear 19 and a ninth transmission gear 34 which are sequentially meshed; the third transfer gear 16 is mounted in connection with the output shaft of the generator 26 and the ninth transfer gear 34 is mounted in connection with the inner hollow shaft 10. The generator 26 is in transmission connection with the inner hollow shaft 10 through the third transmission gear 16, the fourth transmission gear 19 and the ninth transmission gear 34, so that the reliability of power transmission of the generator 26 and the stability of reverse charging of the generator 26 are ensured.
Wherein the central shaft 1, the inner hollow shaft 10 and the outer hollow shaft 17 are rotatably mounted with the housing 2 via bearings, respectively. The gear ring 5, the output shaft 8, the central shaft of the fourth transmission gear 19 and the connecting shaft 25 are all rotatably mounted with the shell 2 through bearings, and the generator 26, the driving motor 27 and the engine 28 are fixedly mounted on the shell 2. It should be noted that the housing 2 refers to a housing that seals the transmission member and is fixedly mounted to the vehicle frame; there may be a plurality of such as a transmission housing, etc. at the same time; or one, hermetically encloses all of the transmission components except the axle 20, generator 26, engine 28, and drive motor 27.
The three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for the heavy truck is provided with three power sources: a generator 26, a drive motor 27 and an engine 28, and the generator 26 can be charged in reverse; the power of the drive motor 27 is transmitted to the front sun gear 4 through a drive motor gearbox system; the power of the engine 28 is transmitted to the rear carrier 7 through the center shaft 1; the generator 26 is in transmission connection with the rear sun gear 9 through the inner hollow shaft 10, so that the rotation speed of the rear sun gear 9 can be regulated and reversely charged, and the three power is coupled in different conditions through the double planetary power coupling mechanism 6. The whole structure is simple, the design is compact, and the practicality is good.
The speed of the rear sun gear 9 and the rear planet carrier 7 is respectively regulated through the generator 26 and the engine 28, stepless speed change, and decoupling of the rotating speed and the vehicle speed of the engine 28 are realized, the engine 28 can continuously run in a high-efficiency interval at a constant speed, and the fuel saving rate and the running economy of the whole vehicle are improved. The speed ratio range of the gearbox can be widened by adjusting the main box synchronizer 14 and the auxiliary box synchronizer 12 so as to enhance the dynamic property of the whole vehicle. The position of the sliding sleeve 31 of the sliding sleeve locking device 18 is adjusted to realize flexible switching of a pure electric mode, a hybrid mode and an engine direct drive mode under complex working conditions. Uninterrupted output power during gear shifts in each operating mode is achieved by torque compensation of the generator 26 and the engine 28.
The three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for the heavy trucks can be widely applied to the field of new energy commercial vehicles, and particularly has wide popularization and application prospects and good practicability for heavy trucks with complex working conditions and more upward and downward slopes while ensuring the power performance of the whole truck.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments are only required to be referred to each other.
The terms "upper", "lower", "outside", "inside", and the like in the description and in the claims of the present invention and in the above drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between relative relationships in position and not necessarily for giving qualitative sense. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. The three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for the heavy truck is characterized by comprising a shell (2), a generator (26), a driving motor (27), an engine (28), an axle (20) and a double-planet-row power coupling mechanism (6); the double-planet-row power coupling mechanism (6) comprises a front planet-row power coupling mechanism and a rear planet-row power coupling mechanism, wherein the outer rings of the planet gears of the front planet-row power coupling mechanism and the rear planet-row power coupling mechanism are meshed with a gear ring (5) together, and the gear ring (5) is in transmission connection with an axle (20); the engine (28) is connected with a rear planet carrier (7) of the rear planet row power coupling mechanism through a central shaft (1); the rear sun gear (9) of the rear planet row power coupling mechanism is connected with an inner hollow shaft (10), and the generator (26) is in transmission connection with the inner hollow shaft (10); the front sun gear (4) of the front planetary gear power coupling mechanism is connected with an outer hollow shaft (17), and a driving motor (27) is in transmission connection with the outer hollow shaft (17) through a driving motor gearbox system; the central shaft (1), the inner hollow shaft (10) and the outer hollow shaft (17) are coaxially arranged from inside to outside; a sliding sleeve locking device (18) capable of locking the central shaft (1) and the inner hollow shaft (10) respectively is arranged on the shell (2); the driving motor gearbox system comprises a fifth transmission gear (21) which is connected and installed with an output shaft of a driving motor (27), a sixth transmission gear (22) which is connected and installed through a connecting shaft (25), a seventh transmission gear (23) and an eighth transmission gear (24); the fifth transmission gear (21) is meshed with the sixth transmission gear (22); a second transmission gear (15) and a first transmission gear (13) which are respectively meshed with the seventh transmission gear (23) and the eighth transmission gear (24) are rotatably arranged on the outer hollow shaft (17); a main box synchronizer (14) which can be respectively connected with the second transmission gear (15) and the first transmission gear (13) is arranged on the outer hollow shaft (17); a front planet carrier (3) of the front planet row power coupling mechanism is provided with a secondary box synchronizer (12) which can be respectively connected with a front sun gear (4) and a shell (2); the main box synchronizer (14) is provided with three gears, namely a first gear (13) connected with the second transmission gear (15) and a neutral gear; the auxiliary box synchronizer (12) is provided with two gears, which are respectively connected with the front sun gear (4) and the shell (2).
2. The three power source coupling hybrid system for heavy trucks of claim 1, wherein the sliding sleeve locking device (18) comprises a central shaft gear hub (33) connected and installed with the central shaft (1), an inner hollow shaft gear hub (30) connected and installed with the inner hollow shaft (10), and a sliding sleeve (31) installed on the shell (2); the sliding sleeve (31) is provided with three gears, namely, a gear connected with the central shaft gear hub (33), a gear connected with the inner hollow shaft gear hub (30) and a neutral gear.
3. The three power source coupling hybrid system for a heavy truck according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing (2) is mounted with a torque plate (11) for connection with a secondary tank synchronizer (12).
4. The three power source coupling hybrid system for heavy trucks of claim 1, wherein the engine (28) is drivingly connected to the central axle (1) through a clutch (29).
5. The three power source coupling hybrid system for a heavy truck according to claim 1, characterized in that the generator (26) is in driving connection with the inner hollow shaft (10) through a generator reduction system; the generator deceleration system comprises a third transmission gear (16), a fourth transmission gear (19) and a ninth transmission gear (34) which are sequentially meshed; the third transmission gear (16) is connected with an output shaft of the generator (26), and the ninth transmission gear (34) is connected with the inner hollow shaft (10).
6. The three power source coupling hybrid system for a heavy truck according to claim 1, characterized in that the central shaft (1), the inner hollow shaft (10) and the outer hollow shaft (17) are rotatably mounted with the housing (2) by means of bearings, respectively.
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| CN202210300932.2A CN114475217B (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2022-03-25 | Three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for heavy truck |
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| CN202210300932.2A CN114475217B (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2022-03-25 | Three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for heavy truck |
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| CN114475217B true CN114475217B (en) | 2023-10-10 |
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| CN115008997B (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-11-11 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | Dual-motor multi-gear series-parallel hybrid system suitable for heavy truck |
| CN118030822B (en) * | 2024-04-12 | 2024-06-18 | 无锡明恒混合动力技术有限公司 | Commercial vehicle power split-flow speed regulating device with generator locking function |
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