CN216915509U - Hybrid coupling system with single planetary row - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hybrid power coupling system with a single planetary row, comprising: an engine, a planetary gear mechanism, a clutch, a brake, a generator, a fixed-axis gear, and a driving motor; connection; the drive motor is coupled with the power of the engine and the generator through the fixed shaft gear; the planetary gear mechanism includes a first part, a second part and a third part; the first part is the sun gear, and the second part is a ring gear or a planet carrier , the third part is the planet carrier or the ring gear; the clutch connects any two of the first part, the second part and the third part; the brake brakes the sun gear. The system can realize various working modes such as pure electric mode, power split mode, engine direct drive mode, parallel hybrid mode, braking energy recovery, and parking power generation.

Description

Hybrid coupling system with single planetary row

technical field

The utility model relates to a power system of a hybrid vehicle, in particular to a hybrid power coupling system with a single planetary row.

Background technique

The powertrain consists of an engine (internal combustion engine) and a drivetrain consisting of a transmission, a differential and a propeller shaft. Its role is to provide the vehicle with the driving power required to drive the wheels. The internal combustion engine has a certain speed and torque range, and within a small range of which it works optimally, either with the lowest fuel consumption, or with the lowest harmful emissions, or both. However, the actual road conditions are ever-changing, not only in the speed of the driving wheels, but also in the torque required by the driving wheels. Therefore, it is the primary task of the transmission to realize the optimal speed and torque of the internal combustion engine, that is, the optimal state of power, which is matched with the dynamic state of the driving wheels.

At present, there are two main types of transmissions on the market: stepped transmissions and continuously variable transmissions. Stepped transmissions are subdivided into manual and automatic. Most of them provide a limited number of discrete output to input speed ratios through different meshing arrangements of gear trains or planetary gear trains. The adjustment of the drive wheel speed between two adjacent speed ratios is achieved by the speed change of the internal combustion engine. A continuously variable transmission, whether mechanical, hydraulic, or electro-mechanical, can provide an infinite number of continuously selectable speed ratios within a certain speed range. In theory, the speed change of the driving wheel can be completely changed by the transmission. Finish. In this way, the internal combustion engine can work within the optimal speed range as much as possible. At the same time, compared with the stepped transmission, the continuously variable transmission has many advantages such as stable speed regulation and can make full use of the maximum power of the internal combustion engine. Therefore, the continuously variable transmission has been the research object of engineers from all over the world for many years.

In recent years, the birth of electric motor hybrid technology has opened up a new way to realize the complete matching of power between the internal combustion engine and the power wheel. Among the numerous powertrain designs, the most representative ones are the series hybrid system and the parallel hybrid system. In the motor series hybrid system, the internal combustion engine-generator-motor-shaft train-drive wheel forms a series power chain, and the powertrain structure is extremely simple. Among them, the generator-motor combination can be regarded as a transmission in the traditional sense. When used in combination with energy storage, such as batteries, capacitors, etc., the transmission can also be used as an energy adjustment device to complete the independent adjustment of speed and torque.

The motor parallel system has two parallel independent power chains. One consists of a conventional mechanical transmission and the other consists of a motor-battery system. The mechanical transmission is responsible for completing the adjustment of speed, while the motor-battery system completes the adjustment of power or torque. To realize the full potential of the entire system, the mechanical transmission also needs to be continuously variable.

The advantages of the series hybrid system are that the structure is simple and the layout is flexible, but all the power passes through the generator and the motor, so the motor has high power requirements, large volume and heavy weight; The efficiency of the system is low. In a parallel hybrid system, only part of the power passes through the motor system, so the power requirements for the motor are relatively low, and the overall system efficiency is high. However, this system requires two independent subsystems, which are expensive and usually only used for weak hybrids. system.

Patent CN102822566A discloses the electromechanical coupling scheme of Toyota Prius, the system has only two modes: pure electric mode and hybrid mode; this system is only suitable for urban working conditions and small and medium-sized models, for non-urban working conditions and larger models, the dynamic performance and economics are not ideal. Patent CN209320674U discloses a hybrid power coupling system, which includes a clutch and a first and a second brake, and has only one engine direct drive gear; the clutch and brake are to realize the functions of dual-motor pure electric mode and engine direct drive mode; Moreover, the second brake is arranged at the rear end of the motor and is not on the same side as the clutch and the first brake, so the oil circuit design of the system is difficult. Patent CN111993882A discloses a hybrid electromechanical coupling system, which includes two planetary gear structures, both of which are used to achieve a larger transmission ratio; the electromechanical coupling mechanism belongs to the series-parallel type, without stepless speed regulation function, and the system includes two planetary gear mechanisms, the structure is more complex. Patent CN108215767A discloses a single planetary row power coupling transmission system. The two motors of the electromechanical coupling system are coaxially arranged. The speed of the driving motor to the wheel end is relatively small, so the high speed and miniaturization of the motor cannot be achieved, and the torque of the driving motor will be difficult to reduce.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model provides a hybrid power coupling system with a single planetary row, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:

A hybrid coupling system with a single planetary row includes: an engine, a planetary gear mechanism, a clutch, a brake, a generator, a fixed shaft gear, and a drive motor; the engine and the generator are coaxially arranged and connected through the planetary gear mechanism ; The drive motor is coupled and outputted with the power of the engine and the generator through the fixed shaft gear; the planetary gear mechanism includes a first part, a second part and a third part; the first part is the sun wheel, the second part is a ring gear or a planet carrier, the third part is a planet carrier or a ring gear; the clutch connects any two of the first part, the second part and the third part each; the brake brakes the sun gear; the fixed-axis gear includes a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, and a fourth gear, the first gear is connected to the generator input shaft, the second gear The gear and the third gear are respectively connected to both ends of the intermediate shaft, the fourth gear is connected to the input shaft of the drive motor, the second gear is meshed with the first gear and the fourth gear respectively, and the The third gear outputs power.

Further, a vibration damping element is also included, and the vibration damping element adopts a torsional vibration damper or a dual-mass flywheel, and the torsional vibration damper or the dual-mass flywheel is connected to the engine output shaft.

Further, it also includes a differential gear, the differential gear is provided with a differential gear, and the third gear and the differential gear are meshed with each other.

Further, the hybrid power coupling system has a pure electric mode, a power split mode, a parallel hybrid mode, an engine direct drive mode, a parking power generation mode, and a braking energy recovery mode.

Further, in the pure electric mode, the clutch and the brake are disconnected, and the power is sequentially transmitted by the drive motor to the second gear, the intermediate shaft, the third gear, the differential gear through the fourth gear Gears, differentials;

In the engine direct drive mode, the clutch is engaged, the brake is disconnected, the planetary gear mechanism rotates as a whole, and it is the first gear in the engine direct drive mode; in the engine direct drive mode, the clutch is disconnected, the sun gear is braked, and the engine is in direct drive mode. Direct drive mode 2 gears;

In the parallel hybrid mode, the clutch is engaged, the brake is disconnected, and the planetary row rotates as a whole, which is the first gear of the parallel hybrid mode; in the parallel hybrid mode, the clutch is disconnected and the sun gear is braked, which is a parallel hybrid mode. Active mode 2 gears.

Further, in the power split mode, the clutch and the brake are disconnected, and the power is divided into two parts, one part is driven by the engine to drive the generator to generate electricity and drive, and the other part is driven by the drive motor, specifically: : The engine part: the engine drives the planet carrier, transmits the power to the sun gear, and then transmits it to the generator to generate electricity to the battery; the engine drives the planet carrier, transmits the power to the ring gear, and then transmits it to the second gear, intermediate shaft, The third gear, the differential gear, the differential; the drive motor part: the drive motor is transmitted to the second gear, the intermediate shaft, the third gear, the differential gear, and the differential through the fourth gear;

In the parking power generation mode, the engine drives the generator to generate electricity by braking the wheel end through the parking mechanism;

In the braking energy recovery mode, the energy at the wheel end is recovered by driving the motor and stored in the battery.

A hybrid coupling system with a single planetary row includes: an engine, a planetary gear mechanism, a clutch, a brake, a generator, a fixed shaft gear, and a drive motor; the engine and the generator are coaxially arranged and connected through the planetary gear mechanism ; The drive motor is coupled and outputted with the power of the engine and the generator through the fixed shaft gear; the planetary gear mechanism includes a first part, a second part and a third part; the first part is the sun wheel, the second part is a ring gear or a planet carrier, the third part is a planet carrier or a ring gear; the clutch connects any two of the first part, the second part and the third part each; the brake brakes the sun gear; the fixed-axis gear includes a first gear, a third gear, a fourth gear, a fifth gear, and a sixth gear, and the first gear is connected to the generator input shaft, The third gear, the fifth gear and the sixth gear are connected to the intermediate shaft in sequence, the fourth gear is connected to the input shaft of the drive motor, the fifth gear is meshed with the first gear for transmission, and the sixth gear Meshing with the fourth gear for transmission, the third gear outputs power.

The beneficial effects of the present utility model:

(1) The system can realize pure electric mode, power split mode, engine direct drive mode with two gears, two parallel hybrid drive modes, as well as braking energy recovery, parking power generation and other working modes.

(2) The engine and generator of the system are connected by planetary gears, the speed ratio is adjustable, and the speed ratio range is large, which can reduce the volume of the generator.

(3) During the mode switching process, the drive motor participates in the drive, and there is no power interruption in the power.

(4) The system can cover HEV models and PHEV models, and the platform is good.

(5) Compared with the patent CN209320674U in which the second brake is arranged at the rear end of the motor, the utility model designs the brake, the clutch and the planetary gear mechanism on the same side, which is convenient for the cooling and lubrication of the brake and the clutch and the cooling and lubrication of the planetary gear mechanism. Oil circuit design and arrangement can reduce the difficulty of oil circuit design and the development cost of cooling and lubricating structures.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the dynamic coupling system of the first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a mode switching control method.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the power coupling system working in pure electric mode.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the power coupling system operating in a power split mode.

5 and 6 are schematic diagrams of the power coupling system operating in a parallel hybrid mode.

7 and 8 are schematic diagrams of the power coupling system working in the engine direct drive mode.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the power coupling system operating in the parking power generation mode.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the power coupling system operating in the braking energy recovery mode.

11 is a schematic structural diagram of the dynamic coupling system of the second embodiment.

12 is a schematic structural diagram of the dynamic coupling system of the third embodiment.

In the figure: 1. Engine; 2. Torsional damper or dual mass flywheel; 3. Sun gear; 4. Planet carrier; 5. Ring gear; 6. Generator input shaft; 7. Clutch; 8. First gear; 9. Brake; 10. Generator; 11. Intermediate shaft; 12. Second gear; 13. Third gear; 14. Drive motor input shaft; 15. Drive motor; 16. Fourth gear; 17. Differential gear ; 18. Differential; 19. Fifth gear; 20. Sixth gear.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

Example 1

A hybrid power coupling system with a single planetary row, as shown in Figure 1, includes: an engine 1; a damping element 2; a planetary gear mechanism; a generator input shaft 6; a clutch 7; a first gear 8; a brake 9; a generator 10; intermediate shaft 11; second gear 12; third gear 13; drive motor input shaft 14; drive motor 15; fourth gear 16; differential gear 17; differential 18.

The engine 1 and the generator 10 are coaxially arranged and connected by a planetary gear mechanism. The planetary gear mechanism includes a first member, a second member and a third member. In this embodiment, the first component is the sun gear 3 , the second component is the planet carrier 4 , and the third component is the ring gear 5 . The engine 1 is connected to the planet carrier 4 , and the generator 10 is connected to the sun gear 3 .

The clutch 7 connects any two of the first component, the second component and the third component (such as the ring gear and the sun gear, or the ring gear and the planet carrier, or the planet carrier and the sun gear), and by controlling the combination of the clutch 7, the planet gear The mechanism rotates as a whole, and the speed ratio of the entire planetary gear mechanism is 1, which can realize the 1st gear of the parallel hybrid mode or the 1st gear of the engine direct drive. In this embodiment, the clutch 7 connects the sun gear 3 and the ring gear 5 .

The brake 9 brakes the sun gear 3 of the planetary gear mechanism. At this time, the power of the engine is transmitted to the ring gear 5 through the planet carrier 4, and then transmitted to the first gear 8 by the ring gear 5, and finally transmitted to the wheel end through the intermediate shaft. Braking the sun gear can realize parallel hybrid mode 2nd gear or engine direct drive 2nd gear.

The vibration damping element 2 adopts a torsional vibration damper (integrated with a single-mass flywheel) or a dual-mass flywheel, and the torsional vibration damper or the dual-mass flywheel is connected with the output shaft of the engine.

The drive motor 15 is coupled with the power of the engine 1 and the generator 10 through the fixed shaft gear. Specifically, the first gear 8 is connected to the generator input shaft 6, and the second gear 12 and the third gear 13 are respectively connected to the intermediate shaft 11. At the end, the fourth gear 16 is connected to the input shaft 14 of the drive motor, the second gear 12 is meshed with the first gear 8 and the fourth gear 16 for transmission, and the third gear 13 is meshed with the differential gear 17 for transmission.

The power coupling system of this embodiment has a pure electric mode, a power split mode, an engine direct drive mode with two gears, two parallel hybrid drive modes, and various working modes such as braking energy recovery and parking power generation. According to the battery SOC value and vehicle speed requirements, the switching of different modes is automatically realized. The control flow of this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, includes:

Step S1, judging the magnitude relationship between the battery SOC value and the first threshold value, or simultaneously judging the magnitude relationship between the battery SOC value and the first threshold value and the magnitude relationship between the vehicle speed and the second threshold value;

Step S2, according to the judgment result, switch the working mode of the power coupling system.

The first threshold is used to judge the SOC value of the battery, and the second threshold is used to judge the speed of the vehicle. This embodiment does not limit the value ranges of the first threshold and the second threshold, which can usually be freely set according to specific control strategies. , under different control strategies, the values of the first threshold and the second threshold are different. After the first threshold value and the second threshold value are set, it is automatically determined and automatically switched between various modes according to the determination result.

In addition, when the car is braking, the driving motor generates braking torque to brake the wheels, and at the same time, an induced current is generated in the motor windings to charge the battery to realize the recovery of braking energy. Therefore, the control method of this embodiment further includes:

Step S3, during braking, the driving motor is controlled to generate a braking torque and an induced current is generated in the winding to charge the battery.

The above various modes are shown in Table 1:

Table 1 The working mode of the hybrid coupling system with a single planetary row

The power transmission method and driving mode of the hybrid power coupling system of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 3 to 10 :

1. Pure electric mode: When the battery power is sufficient, the vehicle runs in pure electric mode, as shown in Figure 3. At this time, both the clutch 7 and the brake 9 are disconnected, and the power is transmitted from the drive motor 15 through the fourth gear 16 to the second gear 12, the intermediate shaft 11, the third gear 13, the differential gear 17, the differential gear 18, and finally to the end of the wheel.

2. Power split mode: As shown in Figure 4, the clutch 7 and the brake 9 are both disconnected at this time. The power is divided into two parts, one part is the engine driving the generator to generate electricity and drive; the other part is the drive motor drive. The specific process is as follows: Engine part: the engine 1 drives the planet carrier 4, transmits the power to the sun gear 3, and then transmits it to the generator 10 to generate electricity to the battery. The engine 1 drives the planet carrier 4, transmits the power to the ring gear 5, and then transmits it to the second gear 12, the intermediate shaft 11, the third gear 13, the differential gear 17, the differential 18, and finally to the wheel end. Drive motor part: The power is transmitted by the drive motor 15 through the fourth gear 16 to the second gear 12, the intermediate shaft 11, the third gear 13, the differential gear 17, the differential 18, and finally to the wheel end.

3. Parallel hybrid mode: The system includes two parallel hybrid modes. The clutch 7 is engaged, the brake 9 is disconnected, and the planetary row rotates as a whole. It is the first gear of the parallel hybrid mode, as shown in Figure 5; the clutch 7 is disconnected and the brake Moving the sun gear, it is the second gear in the parallel hybrid mode, as shown in Figure 6.

4. Engine direct drive mode: The system includes two engine direct drive gears, clutch 7 is engaged, brake 9 is disconnected, the planetary gear mechanism rotates as a whole, and it is the first gear of the engine direct drive gear, as shown in Figure 7; clutch 7 is disconnected. Open, brake the sun gear 3, it is the second gear of the engine direct drive gear, as shown in Figure 8.

5. Parking power generation mode: As shown in Figure 9, through the parking mechanism, the brake wheel end, the system realizes the parking power generation mode, and the engine drives the generator to generate power.

6. Braking energy recovery mode: As shown in Figure 10, the energy at the wheel end is recovered by driving the motor and stored in the battery.

Example 2

The structure of the hybrid coupling system of the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, and the difference lies in the connection relationship between the engine 1 and the planetary gear mechanism. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11 , in this embodiment, the engine 1 is connected to the ring gear 5 of the planetary gear mechanism.

It should be understood that the mode switching control method and the power transmission method in each driving mode in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

Example 3

The structure of the hybrid coupling system of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, the difference is that a gear is added to the intermediate shaft. Specifically: a hybrid power coupling system with a single planetary row, as shown in FIG. 12 , includes: an engine 1; a damping element 2; a planetary gear mechanism: a sun gear 3, a planet carrier 4, a ring gear 5; a generator input shaft 6; clutch 7; first gear 8; brake 9; generator 10; intermediate shaft 11; third gear 13; drive motor input shaft 14; drive motor 15; fourth gear 16; differential gear 17; differential 18; fifth gear 19; sixth gear 20.

The engine 1 and the generator 10 are coaxially arranged and connected by a planetary gear mechanism. The planetary gear mechanism includes a first member, a second member and a third member. In this embodiment, the first component is the sun gear 3 , the second component is the planet carrier 4 , and the third component is the ring gear 5 . The engine 1 is connected to the planet carrier 4 , and the generator 10 is connected to the sun gear 3 .

The clutch 7 connects any two of the first component, the second component and the third component (such as the ring gear and the sun gear, or the ring gear and the planet carrier, or the planet carrier and the sun gear), and by controlling the combination of the clutch 7, the planet gear The mechanism rotates as a whole, and the speed ratio of the entire planetary gear mechanism is 1, which can realize the 1st gear of the parallel hybrid mode or the 1st gear of the engine direct drive. In this embodiment, the clutch 7 connects the sun gear 3 and the ring gear 5 .

The brake 9 brakes the sun gear 3 of the planetary gear mechanism. At this time, the power of the engine is transmitted to the ring gear 5 through the planet carrier 4, and then transmitted to the first gear 8 by the ring gear 5, and finally transmitted to the wheel end through the intermediate shaft. Braking the sun gear can realize parallel hybrid mode 2nd gear or engine direct drive 2nd gear.

The vibration damping element 2 adopts a torsional vibration damper (integrated with a single-mass flywheel) or a dual-mass flywheel, and the torsional vibration damper or the dual-mass flywheel is connected with the output shaft of the engine.

The driving motor 15 is coupled with the power of the engine 1 and the generator 10 through the fixed shaft gear. Specifically, the first gear 8 is connected to the generator input shaft 6, and the third gear 13, the fifth gear 19 and the sixth gear 20 are connected to the generator input shaft 6 in sequence. The intermediate shaft 11 is connected, the fourth gear 16 is connected with the drive motor input shaft 14, the fifth gear 19 is meshed with the first gear 8, the sixth gear 20 is meshed with the fourth gear 16, and the third gear 13 is meshed with the differential gear 17 mesh transmission.

It should be understood that the mode switching control method and the power transmission method in each driving mode in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, the present utility model may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. Hybrid coupling system of single planet row, characterized in that includes: the system comprises an engine, a planetary gear mechanism, a clutch, a brake, a generator, a fixed shaft gear and a driving motor; the engine and the generator are coaxially arranged and are connected through the planetary gear mechanism; the driving motor is coupled with the power of the engine and the power of the generator through the fixed shaft gear;

the planetary gear mechanism includes a first member, a second member, and a third member; the first component is a sun gear, the second component is a gear ring or a planet carrier, and the third component is a planet carrier or a gear ring;

the clutch connects any two of the first, second and third components; the brake brakes the sun gear;

the fixed shaft gear comprises a first gear, a second gear, a third gear and a fourth gear, the first gear is connected with an input shaft of the generator, the second gear and the third gear are respectively connected to two ends of the middle shaft, the fourth gear is connected with an input shaft of the driving motor, the second gear is respectively in meshing transmission with the first gear and the fourth gear, and the third gear outputs power.

2. The hybrid coupling system of a single planet row of claim 1, further comprising a damping element, the damping element employing a torsional damper or a dual mass flywheel, the torsional damper or the dual mass flywheel coupled to the engine output shaft.

3. The hybrid coupling system of a single planetary row as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a differential having a differential gear thereon, wherein the third gear intermeshes with the differential gear.

4. The hybrid coupling system of a single planetary row as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hybrid coupling system has a pure electric mode, a power split mode, a parallel hybrid mode, an engine direct drive mode, a parking power generation mode, and a braking energy recovery mode.

5. The hybrid coupling system of a single planetary row as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the electric only mode, the clutch and the brake are disengaged and power is transmitted by the driving motor through the fourth gear to the second gear, the intermediate shaft, the third gear, the differential in sequence;

in the engine direct-drive mode, the clutch is connected, the brake is disconnected, and the planetary gear mechanism integrally rotates to be in the 1 st gear of the engine direct-drive mode; in the engine direct-drive mode, the clutch is disconnected, the sun gear is braked, and the engine direct-drive mode is 2 gear;

in the parallel hybrid mode, the clutch is connected, the brake is disconnected, the planetary gear set integrally rotates, and the parallel hybrid mode is 1 gear; in the parallel hybrid mode, the clutch is disconnected, the sun gear is braked, and the parallel hybrid mode is 2 gears.

6. The hybrid coupling system of a single planetary row as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the power splitting mode, the clutch and the brake are disconnected, power is split into two parts, one part is that the engine drives the generator to generate and drive power, and the other part is that the driving motor drives, specifically: the engine section: the engine drives the planet carrier to transmit power to the sun gear and then to the generator to generate electricity for the battery; the engine drives the planet carrier to transmit power to the gear ring and then to the second gear, the intermediate shaft, the third gear, the differential gear and the differential; the drive motor section: the driving motor is transmitted to the second gear, the intermediate shaft, the third gear, the differential gear and the differential through the fourth gear;

in the parking power generation mode, the engine drives the generator to generate power through the parking mechanism and the brake wheel end;

in the braking energy recovery mode, energy at the wheel end is recovered through the driving motor and stored in the battery.

7. Hybrid coupling system of single planet row, characterized in that includes: the system comprises an engine, a planetary gear mechanism, a clutch, a brake, a generator, a fixed shaft gear and a driving motor; the engine and the generator are coaxially arranged and are connected through the planetary gear mechanism; the driving motor is coupled with the power of the engine and the power of the generator through the fixed shaft gear;

the planetary gear mechanism includes a first member, a second member, and a third member; the first component is a sun gear, the second component is a gear ring or a planet carrier, and the third component is a planet carrier or a gear ring;

the clutch connects any two of the first, second and third components; the brake brakes the sun gear;

the fixed shaft gear comprises a first gear, a third gear, a fourth gear, a fifth gear and a sixth gear, the first gear is connected with the input shaft of the generator, the third gear, the fifth gear and the sixth gear are sequentially connected with the middle shaft, the fourth gear is connected with the input shaft of the driving motor, the fifth gear is in meshing transmission with the first gear, the sixth gear is in meshing transmission with the fourth gear, and the third gear outputs power.

Images