CN216915509U

CN216915509U - Hybrid power coupling system of single planet row

Info

Publication number: CN216915509U
Application number: CN202122887771.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐向阳; 赵江灵; 刘学武; 董鹏; 王书翰; 刘艳芳; 郭伟; 赖俊斌
Original assignee: Beihang University
Current assignee: Beihang University
Priority date: 2021-11-23
Filing date: 2021-11-23
Publication date: 2022-07-08
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-23

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hybrid power coupling system of a single planet row, which comprises: the system comprises an engine, a planetary gear mechanism, a clutch, a brake, a generator, a fixed shaft gear and a driving motor; the engine and the generator are coaxially arranged and are connected through a planetary gear mechanism; the driving motor is coupled with the power of the engine and the generator through a dead axle gear; the planetary gear mechanism includes a first member, a second member, and a third member; the first component is a sun gear, the second component is a gear ring or a planet carrier, and the third component is a planet carrier or a gear ring; the clutch is used for connecting any two of the first component, the second component and the third component; the brake brakes the sun gear. The system can realize various working modes such as a pure electric mode, a power splitting mode, an engine direct-drive mode, a parallel hybrid mode, braking energy recovery, parking power generation and the like.

Description

Hybrid power coupling system of single planet row

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a power system of a hybrid electric vehicle, in particular to a hybrid coupling system of a single planet row.

Background

The power system includes an engine (internal combustion engine) and a transmission system consisting of a transmission, a differential and a propeller shaft. Its function is to provide the vehicle with the driving power required for the driving wheels. Internal combustion engines have a range of speeds and torques and achieve optimum operation over a small range, with minimum fuel consumption, minimum harmful emissions, or both. However, the actual road conditions vary greatly, and they are reflected not only in the speed of the driving wheels, but also in the torque required by the driving wheels. Therefore, achieving the optimum speed and torque of the internal combustion engine, i.e., the power optimum state, matching the power state of the drive wheels is the primary task of the transmission.

The transmissions on the market at present mainly comprise a step transmission and a continuously variable transmission. Step-variable transmissions are subdivided into manual and automatic. They most provide a limited number of discrete output-to-input speed ratios through different meshing arrangements of gear trains or planetary gear trains. The speed of the drive wheels between two adjacent speed ratios is adjusted by means of the speed variation of the internal combustion engine. Continuously variable transmissions, whether mechanical, hydraulic, or electro-mechanical, provide an infinite number of continuously selectable speed ratios over a range of speeds, and theoretically, the speed change of the drive wheels can be accomplished entirely through the transmission. In this way, the internal combustion engine can be operated in the optimum speed range as much as possible. Meanwhile, compared with a stepped transmission, the stepless transmission has the advantages of stable speed regulation, full utilization of the maximum power of an internal combustion engine and the like, so that the stepless transmission is a subject of research of engineers in various countries for many years.

In recent years, the emergence of motor hybrid technology has opened up a new approach for achieving complete matching of power between an internal combustion engine and a power wheel. Among the many designs of powertrain, the most representative are the series hybrid system and the parallel hybrid system. In the motor series hybrid system, an internal combustion engine, a generator, a motor, a shafting and a driving wheel form a series power chain, and the power assembly has extremely simple structure. Wherein the generator-motor combination can be considered as a transmission in the conventional sense. When used in conjunction with an energy storage device, such as a battery, capacitor, etc., the transmission may also function as an energy modulation device to accomplish independent speed and torque modulation.

The motor parallel system is provided with two parallel independent power chains. One consisting of a conventional mechanical transmission and the other consisting of an electric motor-battery system. The mechanical transmission is responsible for speed regulation, while the motor-battery system regulates power or torque. In order to fully develop the potential of the whole system, the mechanical transmission also needs to adopt a stepless speed change mode.

The series hybrid system has the advantages of simple structure and flexible layout, but all power passes through the generator and the motor, so the power requirement of the motor is high, the volume is large, and the weight is heavy; meanwhile, the efficiency of the whole system is low because the energy transmission process is subjected to two times of conversion of electromechanics and motors. In the parallel hybrid system, only part of power passes through the motor system, so the power requirement on the motor is relatively low, the efficiency of the whole system is high, however, the system needs two independent subsystems, the manufacturing cost is high, and the system is usually only used for a weak hybrid system.

Patent CN102822566A discloses an electromechanical coupling scheme of toyota pluricis, which has only two modes: electric only mode and hybrid mode; the system is only suitable for urban working conditions and medium and small vehicle types, and is not ideal in dynamic property and economical efficiency for non-urban working conditions and large vehicle types. The patent CN209320674U discloses a hybrid coupling system, which includes a clutch, a first brake and a second brake, and only one engine direct-drive gear; the clutch and the brake are used for realizing the functions of a double-motor pure electric mode and an engine direct drive mode; and the second brake is arranged at the rear end of the motor and is not on the same side as the clutch and the first brake, so that the oil circuit design of the system is difficult. Patent CN111993882A discloses a hybrid electromechanical coupling system, which comprises two planetary gear structures, both of which are used to realize a larger transmission ratio; the electromechanical coupling mechanism belongs to a series-parallel connection type, has no stepless speed regulation function, and has a complex structure because the system comprises two planetary gear mechanisms. Patent CN108215767A discloses a single planet row power coupling transmission system, in which two motors of an electromechanical coupling system are coaxially arranged, the speed ratio from a driving motor to a wheel end is small, the high speed and miniaturization of the motor cannot be realized, and the torque of the driving motor is difficult to reduce.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a hybrid power coupling system of a single planet row, which has the following specific technical scheme:

hybrid coupling system of single file star row includes: the system comprises an engine, a planetary gear mechanism, a clutch, a brake, a generator, a fixed shaft gear and a driving motor; the engine and the generator are coaxially arranged and are connected through the planetary gear mechanism; the driving motor is coupled with the power of the engine and the power of the generator through the fixed shaft gear; the planetary gear mechanism includes a first member, a second member, and a third member; the first component is a sun gear, the second component is a gear ring or a planet carrier, and the third component is a planet carrier or a gear ring; the clutch connects any two of the first, second and third members; the brake brakes the sun gear; the fixed shaft gear comprises a first gear, a second gear, a third gear and a fourth gear, the first gear is connected with an input shaft of the generator, the second gear and the third gear are respectively connected to two ends of the middle shaft, the fourth gear is connected with an input shaft of the driving motor, the second gear is respectively in meshing transmission with the first gear and the fourth gear, and the third gear outputs power.

The engine further comprises a vibration damping element, wherein the vibration damping element adopts a torsional vibration damper or a dual-mass flywheel, and the torsional vibration damper or the dual-mass flywheel is connected with the output shaft of the engine.

Further, still include differential mechanism, be equipped with the differential mechanism gear on the differential mechanism, the third gear with differential mechanism gear intermeshing.

Furthermore, the hybrid power coupling system has a pure electric mode, a power splitting mode, a parallel hybrid mode, an engine direct-drive mode, a parking power generation mode and a braking energy recovery mode.

Further, in the pure electric mode, the clutch and the brake are disconnected, and power is transmitted to the second gear, the intermediate shaft, the third gear, the differential gear and the differential gear in sequence by the driving motor through the fourth gear;

in the engine direct-drive mode, the clutch is connected, the brake is disconnected, and the planetary gear mechanism integrally rotates to be in the 1 st gear of the engine direct-drive mode; in the engine direct-drive mode, the clutch is disconnected, the sun gear is braked, and the engine direct-drive mode is 2 gear;

in the parallel hybrid mode, the clutch is connected, the brake is disconnected, the planetary gear set integrally rotates, and the parallel hybrid mode is 1 gear; in the parallel hybrid mode, the clutch is disconnected, the sun gear is braked, and the parallel hybrid mode is 2 gears.

Further, in the power splitting mode, the clutch and the brake are disconnected, power is split into two parts, one part is that the engine drives the generator to generate and drive, and the other part is that the driving motor drives, which specifically includes: the engine section: the engine drives the planet carrier to transmit power to the sun gear and then to the generator to generate electricity for the battery; the engine drives the planet carrier to transmit power to the gear ring and then to the second gear, the intermediate shaft, the third gear, the differential gear and the differential; the drive motor section: the driving motor is transmitted to the second gear, the intermediate shaft, the third gear, the differential gear and the differential through the fourth gear;

in the parking power generation mode, the engine drives the generator to generate power through the parking mechanism and the brake wheel end;

in the braking energy recovery mode, energy at the wheel end is recovered through the driving motor and stored in the battery.

A hybrid coupling system for a single planetary row, comprising: the system comprises an engine, a planetary gear mechanism, a clutch, a brake, a generator, a fixed shaft gear and a driving motor; the engine and the generator are coaxially arranged and are connected through the planetary gear mechanism; the driving motor is coupled with the power of the engine and the power of the generator through the fixed shaft gear; the planetary gear mechanism includes a first member, a second member, and a third member; the first component is a sun gear, the second component is a gear ring or a planet carrier, and the third component is a planet carrier or a gear ring; the clutch connects any two of the first, second and third components; the brake brakes the sun wheel; the fixed shaft gear comprises a first gear, a third gear, a fourth gear, a fifth gear and a sixth gear, the first gear is connected with the input shaft of the generator, the third gear, the fifth gear and the sixth gear are sequentially connected with the middle shaft, the fourth gear is connected with the input shaft of the driving motor, the fifth gear is in meshing transmission with the first gear, the sixth gear is in meshing transmission with the fourth gear, and the third gear outputs power.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the system can realize a pure electric mode, a power splitting mode, an engine direct drive mode with two gears, two parallel hybrid power drive modes, and various working modes such as braking energy recovery and parking power generation.

(2) The engine and the generator of the system are connected through the planetary gear, the speed ratio is adjustable, the speed ratio range is large, and the size of the generator can be reduced.

(3) In the mode switching process, the driving motor participates in driving, and power is not interrupted.

(4) The system can cover HEV vehicle types and PHEV vehicle types, and is good in platformization.

(5) Compared with the second brake arranged at the rear end of the motor in the patent CN209320674U, the brake, the clutch and the planetary gear mechanism are designed on the same side, so that the cooling and lubrication of the brake and the clutch and the cooling and lubrication of the planetary gear mechanism are facilitated, the design and the arrangement of an oil path are facilitated, and the difficulty of the oil path design and the development cost of a cooling and lubrication structure can be reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a power coupling system of embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a mode switching control method.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the power coupling system operating in an electric-only mode.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the power coupling system operating in a power splitting mode.

Fig. 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams of the power coupling system working in the parallel hybrid mode.

Fig. 7 and 8 are schematic diagrams of the power coupling system working in the direct drive mode of the engine.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the powertrain system operating in a park generate mode.

FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of the powertrain operating in a braking energy recovery mode.

Fig. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a power coupling system of embodiment 2.

Fig. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram of a power coupling system of embodiment 3.

In the figure: 1. an engine; 2. a torsional damper or dual mass flywheel; 3. a sun gear; 4. a planet carrier; 5. a ring gear; 6. a generator input shaft; 7. a clutch; 8. a first gear; 9. a brake; 10. a generator; 11. an intermediate shaft; 12. a second gear; 13. a third gear; 14. a drive motor input shaft; 15. a drive motor; 16. a fourth gear; 17. a differential gear; 18. a differential mechanism; a fifth gear; 20. and a sixth gear.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

Example 1

A hybrid coupling system for a single planetary row, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: an engine 1; a damping element 2; a planetary gear mechanism; a generator input shaft 6; a clutch 7; a first gear 8; a brake 9; a generator 10; an intermediate shaft 11; a second gear 12; a third gear 13; a drive motor input shaft 14; a drive motor 15; a fourth gear 16; a differential gear 17; a differential 18.

The engine 1 is arranged coaxially with the generator 10, and is connected through a planetary gear mechanism. The planetary gear mechanism includes a first member, a second member, and a third member. In the present embodiment, the first member is the sun gear 3, the second member is the carrier 4, and the third member is the ring gear 5. The engine 1 is connected to the carrier 4, and the generator 10 is connected to the sun gear 3.

The clutch 7 is connected with any two of the first component, the second component and the third component (such as a gear ring and a sun gear, or a gear ring and a planet carrier, or a planet carrier and a sun gear), the planetary gear mechanism integrally rotates by controlling the combination of the clutch 7, the speed ratio of the whole planetary gear mechanism is 1, and the parallel hybrid power mode 1 or the engine direct-drive 1 can be realized. In the present embodiment, the clutch 7 connects the sun gear 3 and the ring gear 5.

The brake 9 brakes the sun gear 3 of the planetary gear mechanism, and the power of the engine is transmitted to the ring gear 5 through the planet carrier 4, then transmitted to the first gear 8 by the ring gear 5, and finally transmitted to the wheel end through the intermediate shaft. The sun wheel is braked, and the parallel hybrid mode 2 gear or the direct drive engine 2 gear can be realized.

The vibration damping element 2 adopts a torsional vibration damper (integrated single mass flywheel) or a dual mass flywheel, and the torsional vibration damper or the dual mass flywheel is connected with an output shaft of the engine.

The driving motor 15 is coupled with the power of the engine 1 and the power of the generator 10 through a fixed shaft gear, specifically, the first gear 8 is connected with the input shaft 6 of the generator, the second gear 12 and the third gear 13 are respectively connected with two ends of the intermediate shaft 11, the fourth gear 16 is connected with the input shaft 14 of the driving motor, the second gear 12 is respectively in meshing transmission with the first gear 8 and the fourth gear 16, and the third gear 13 is in meshing transmission with the differential gear 17.

The power coupling system of the embodiment has a pure electric mode, a power splitting mode, two gear engine direct drive modes, two parallel hybrid power drive modes, various working modes such as braking energy recovery and parking power generation, and can automatically realize switching of different modes according to the SOC value of the battery and the vehicle speed requirement. As shown in fig. 2, the control flow of this embodiment includes:

step S1, judging the relation between the battery SOC value and the first threshold value, or simultaneously judging the relation between the battery SOC value and the first threshold value and the relation between the vehicle speed and the second threshold value;

and step S2, switching the working mode of the power coupling system according to the judgment result.

The first threshold is used for judging the SOC value of the battery, the second threshold is used for judging the vehicle speed, the present embodiment does not limit the value ranges of the first threshold and the second threshold, and can be freely set according to a specific control strategy, and the values of the first threshold and the second threshold are different under different control strategies. After the first threshold value and the second threshold value are set, automatic judgment is carried out, and automatic switching is carried out among various modes according to the judgment result.

In addition, when the automobile brakes, the driving motor generates braking torque to brake the wheels, and induced current generated in a motor winding of the driving motor charges the battery, so that the recovery of braking energy is realized. Thus, the control method of the present embodiment further includes:

and step S3, controlling the driving motor to generate a braking torque and generating an induction current in the winding to charge the battery when braking.

The above various modes are shown in table 1:

TABLE 1 mode of operation of a hybrid power coupling system for a single planetary row

The power transmission method and driving mode using the hybrid coupling system of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 3 to 10:

1. pure electric mode: when the battery capacity is sufficient, the entire vehicle runs in an electric-only mode, as shown in fig. 3. At this time, the clutch 7 and the brake 9 are both disconnected, and power is transmitted to the second gear 12, the intermediate shaft 11, the third gear 13, the differential gear 17, the differential 18 and finally to the wheel end by the driving motor 15 through the fourth gear 16.

2. Power splitting mode: as shown in fig. 4, both the clutch 7 and the brake 9 are disengaged. The power is divided into two parts, one part is that the engine drives the generator to generate and drive; one part is driven by a driving motor. The specific process is as follows: an engine part: the engine 1 drives the planet carrier 4 to transmit power to the sun gear 3 and then to the generator 10, and power is generated to the battery. The engine 1 drives the planet carrier 4 to transmit power to the gear ring 5, then to the second gear 12, the intermediate shaft 11, the third gear 13, the differential gear 17, the differential 18, and finally to the wheel end. A drive motor section: the power is transmitted to the second gear 12, the intermediate shaft 11, the third gear 13, the differential gear 17, the differential 18 and finally to the wheel end by the driving motor 15 through the fourth gear 16.

3. Parallel hybrid mode: the system comprises two parallel hybrid modes, wherein a clutch 7 is combined, a brake 9 is disconnected, the whole planet row rotates, and the parallel hybrid mode is 1 gear, as shown in figure 5; the clutch 7 is disengaged, braking the sun gear, and parallel hybrid mode 2, as shown in fig. 6.

4. Direct drive mode of the engine: the system comprises two engine direct-drive gears, a clutch 7 is combined, a brake 9 is disconnected, and a planetary gear mechanism integrally rotates to be the 1 st gear of the engine direct-drive gears, as shown in fig. 7; the clutch 7 is disconnected and the sun gear 3 is braked, and the engine directly drives the 2 nd gear, as shown in fig. 8.

5. Parking power generation mode: as shown in fig. 9, the system realizes a parking power generation mode through a parking mechanism and a braking wheel end, and the engine drives the generator to generate power.

6. A braking energy recovery mode: as shown in fig. 10, the energy at the wheel end is recovered by the driving motor and stored in the battery.

Example 2

The hybrid coupling system of the present embodiment has substantially the same configuration as that of embodiment 1, and is different in the connection relationship between the engine 1 and the planetary gear mechanism. Specifically, as shown in fig. 11, in the present embodiment, the engine 1 is connected to the ring gear 5 of the planetary gear mechanism.

It should be understood that the mode switching control method and the power transmission method in each driving mode of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1, and are not described again.

Example 3

The hybrid coupling system of the present embodiment has substantially the same structure as that of embodiment 1, except that one gear is added to the counter shaft. The method specifically comprises the following steps: a hybrid coupling system of a single planetary row, as shown in fig. 12, comprising: an engine 1; a damping element 2; a planetary gear mechanism: a sun gear 3, a planet carrier 4 and a gear ring 5; a generator input shaft 6; a clutch 7; a first gear 8; a brake 9; a generator 10; an intermediate shaft 11; a third gear 13; a drive motor input shaft 14; a drive motor 15; a fourth gear 16; a differential gear 17; a differential 18; a fifth gear 19; a sixth gear 20.

The driving motor 15 is coupled with the power of the engine 1 and the power of the generator 10 through a fixed shaft gear, specifically, the first gear 8 is connected with the input shaft 6 of the generator, the third gear 13, the fifth gear 19 and the sixth gear 20 are sequentially connected with the intermediate shaft 11, the fourth gear 16 is connected with the input shaft 14 of the driving motor, the fifth gear 19 is in meshing transmission with the first gear 8, the sixth gear 20 is in meshing transmission with the fourth gear 16, and the third gear 13 is in meshing transmission with the differential gear 17.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Hybrid coupling system of single planet row, characterized in that includes: the system comprises an engine, a planetary gear mechanism, a clutch, a brake, a generator, a fixed shaft gear and a driving motor; the engine and the generator are coaxially arranged and are connected through the planetary gear mechanism; the driving motor is coupled with the power of the engine and the power of the generator through the fixed shaft gear;

the planetary gear mechanism includes a first member, a second member, and a third member; the first component is a sun gear, the second component is a gear ring or a planet carrier, and the third component is a planet carrier or a gear ring;

the clutch connects any two of the first, second and third components; the brake brakes the sun gear;

the fixed shaft gear comprises a first gear, a second gear, a third gear and a fourth gear, the first gear is connected with an input shaft of the generator, the second gear and the third gear are respectively connected to two ends of the middle shaft, the fourth gear is connected with an input shaft of the driving motor, the second gear is respectively in meshing transmission with the first gear and the fourth gear, and the third gear outputs power.

2. The hybrid coupling system of a single planet row of claim 1, further comprising a damping element, the damping element employing a torsional damper or a dual mass flywheel, the torsional damper or the dual mass flywheel coupled to the engine output shaft.

3. The hybrid coupling system of a single planetary row as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a differential having a differential gear thereon, wherein the third gear intermeshes with the differential gear.

4. The hybrid coupling system of a single planetary row as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hybrid coupling system has a pure electric mode, a power split mode, a parallel hybrid mode, an engine direct drive mode, a parking power generation mode, and a braking energy recovery mode.

5. The hybrid coupling system of a single planetary row as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the electric only mode, the clutch and the brake are disengaged and power is transmitted by the driving motor through the fourth gear to the second gear, the intermediate shaft, the third gear, the differential in sequence;

6. The hybrid coupling system of a single planetary row as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the power splitting mode, the clutch and the brake are disconnected, power is split into two parts, one part is that the engine drives the generator to generate and drive power, and the other part is that the driving motor drives, specifically: the engine section: the engine drives the planet carrier to transmit power to the sun gear and then to the generator to generate electricity for the battery; the engine drives the planet carrier to transmit power to the gear ring and then to the second gear, the intermediate shaft, the third gear, the differential gear and the differential; the drive motor section: the driving motor is transmitted to the second gear, the intermediate shaft, the third gear, the differential gear and the differential through the fourth gear;

7. Hybrid coupling system of single planet row, characterized in that includes: the system comprises an engine, a planetary gear mechanism, a clutch, a brake, a generator, a fixed shaft gear and a driving motor; the engine and the generator are coaxially arranged and are connected through the planetary gear mechanism; the driving motor is coupled with the power of the engine and the power of the generator through the fixed shaft gear;

the fixed shaft gear comprises a first gear, a third gear, a fourth gear, a fifth gear and a sixth gear, the first gear is connected with the input shaft of the generator, the third gear, the fifth gear and the sixth gear are sequentially connected with the middle shaft, the fourth gear is connected with the input shaft of the driving motor, the fifth gear is in meshing transmission with the first gear, the sixth gear is in meshing transmission with the fourth gear, and the third gear outputs power.