CN114475217A - Three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for heavy truck - Google Patents
Three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for heavy truck Download PDFInfo
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- CN114475217A CN114475217A CN202210300932.2A CN202210300932A CN114475217A CN 114475217 A CN114475217 A CN 114475217A CN 202210300932 A CN202210300932 A CN 202210300932A CN 114475217 A CN114475217 A CN 114475217A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
- B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
- B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
- B60K6/543—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a continuously variable transmission
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for a heavy truck, which belongs to the technical field of heavy truck transmission systems and comprises a shell, a generator, a driving motor, an engine and a double-planet-row power coupling mechanism; the engine is connected with the rear planet carrier through a central shaft; the rear sun wheel is connected with an inner hollow shaft connected with a generator; the front sun wheel is connected with an outer hollow shaft connected with a driving motor; and a sliding sleeve locking device is arranged on the shell. The three powers are coupled under different conditions through a double-planet-row power coupling mechanism, the rear sun gear and the rear planet carrier are respectively regulated in speed through the generator and the engine, stepless speed change, engine rotating speed and vehicle speed decoupling are realized, and flexible switching of various working modes is realized by adjusting a sliding sleeve locking device; the uninterrupted output power in the gear shifting process under each working mode is realized through the torque compensation of the generator and the engine; the power performance is guaranteed, and the comfort, the safety and the economical efficiency of the whole vehicle are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heavy truck transmission systems, and particularly relates to a three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for a heavy truck.
Background
The new energy automobile adopts unconventional automobile fuel as a power source (or adopts conventional automobile fuel and a novel vehicle-mounted power device), integrates advanced technologies in the aspects of power control and driving of the automobile, and forms an automobile with advanced technical principle, new technology and new structure.
The new energy automobile comprises four types of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV), pure electric vehicles (BEV, including solar vehicles), Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV), other new energy (such as efficient energy storage devices like super capacitors and flywheels) automobiles and the like. Unconventional automotive fuels refer to fuels other than gasoline, diesel.
In the field of heavy trucks, hybrid systems have a large development space. At present, a hybrid system of a heavy truck usually adopts a P2 parallel configuration, the structure of a gearbox adopted by the configuration is basically consistent with that of a traditional energy source gearbox, and the problems of gear shifting power interruption, difficulty in axial arrangement, incapability of decoupling of engine speed and vehicle speed and the like exist. The power split type hybrid configuration adopted in the field of passenger vehicles can realize stepless speed regulation and no power interruption during driving, but has simple structure and small transmission torque, and cannot be well adapted to the field of heavy trucks with more complex working conditions.
At present, no complete heavy truck vehicle hybrid system exists, and the requirements of uninterrupted power for shifting, stepless speed change, engine speed and vehicle speed decoupling can be met while the power performance is maintained.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for a heavy truck, which can meet the requirements of uninterrupted gear shifting power, stepless speed change, decoupling of engine speed and vehicle speed and the like, and can be better suitable for the field of heavy trucks.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for a heavy truck comprises a shell, a generator, a driving motor, an engine, an axle and a double-planet-row power coupling mechanism;
the double-planet-row power coupling mechanism comprises a front planet-row power coupling mechanism and a rear planet-row power coupling mechanism, wherein outer rings of planet gears of the front planet-row power coupling mechanism and the rear planet-row power coupling mechanism are meshed with a gear ring together, and the gear ring is in transmission connection with an axle;
the engine is connected with a rear planet carrier of the rear planet row power coupling mechanism through a central shaft; the rear sun gear of the rear planet row power coupling mechanism is connected with an inner hollow shaft, and the generator is in transmission connection with the inner hollow shaft; the front sun gear of the front planet row power coupling mechanism is connected with an outer hollow shaft, and the driving motor is in transmission connection with the outer hollow shaft through a driving motor gearbox system;
the central shaft, the inner hollow shaft and the outer hollow shaft are coaxially arranged from inside to outside;
and a sliding sleeve locking device capable of respectively locking the central shaft and the inner hollow shaft is arranged on the shell.
The invention is further improved in that the drive motor gearbox system comprises a fifth transmission gear connected with the output shaft of the drive motor, a sixth transmission gear connected with the output shaft of the drive motor through a connecting shaft, a seventh transmission gear and an eighth transmission gear; the fifth transmission gear is meshed with the sixth transmission gear; a second transmission gear and a first transmission gear which are respectively meshed with the seventh transmission gear and the eighth transmission gear are rotatably arranged on the outer hollow shaft; a main box synchronizer which can be respectively connected with the second transmission gear and the first transmission gear is arranged on the outer hollow shaft; and a front planet carrier of the front planet row power coupling mechanism is provided with an auxiliary box synchronizer which can be respectively connected with the front sun gear and the shell.
The invention is further improved in that the sliding sleeve locking device comprises a central shaft gear hub connected and installed with the central shaft, an inner hollow shaft gear hub connected and installed with the inner hollow shaft and a sliding sleeve installed on the shell; the sliding sleeve is provided with three gears which are respectively connected with the central shaft gear hub, the inner hollow shaft gear hub and a neutral gear.
The main box synchronizer is further improved to have three gears, namely a third gear, which is connected with the second transmission gear, a first transmission gear and a neutral gear.
In a further improvement of the invention, the auxiliary box synchronizer has two gears which are respectively connected with the front sun gear and the shell.
The invention further improves that a torque transmission plate for connecting with the auxiliary box synchronizer is arranged on the shell.
The invention further improves that the engine is in transmission connection with the central shaft through a clutch.
The invention is further improved in that the generator is in transmission connection with the inner hollow shaft through a generator speed reduction system; the generator deceleration system comprises a third transmission gear, a fourth transmission gear and a ninth transmission gear which are meshed in sequence; the third transmission gear is connected with an output shaft of the generator, and the ninth transmission gear is connected with the inner hollow shaft.
The invention is further improved in that the central shaft, the inner hollow shaft and the outer hollow shaft are rotatably mounted with the housing through bearings, respectively.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the power of the driving motor is transmitted to the front sun gear through a driving motor gearbox system; the power of the engine is transmitted to the rear planet carrier through the central shaft; the generator is in transmission connection with the rear sun gear through the inner hollow shaft, so that the rotation speed of the rear sun gear can be adjusted and the reverse charging can be realized, and the three powers are coupled under different conditions through the double-planet-row power coupling mechanism. The whole structure is simple, the design is compact, and the practicability is good.
The speed of the rear sun wheel and the rear planet carrier is regulated through the generator and the engine respectively, stepless speed change, engine rotating speed and vehicle speed decoupling are achieved, the engine can continuously run in a high-efficiency interval at a constant speed, the oil saving rate is improved, and the running economy of the whole vehicle is improved. The speed ratio range of the gearbox can be widened by adjusting the main box synchronizer and the auxiliary box synchronizer so as to enhance the dynamic property of the whole vehicle. The flexible switching of a pure electric mode, a hybrid mode and an engine direct-drive mode under complex working conditions is realized by adjusting the sliding sleeve locking device. And the uninterrupted output power in the gear shifting process under each working mode is realized through the torque compensation of the generator and the engine.
The device can be widely applied to the field of new-energy commercial vehicles, especially heavy trucks with complex working conditions and more uphill and downhill slopes, improves the comfort, safety and economy of the whole vehicle while ensuring the dynamic property of the whole vehicle, and has wide popularization and application prospects and good practicability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a sliding sleeve locking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings: 1. the transmission device comprises a central shaft, 2, a shell, 3, a front planet carrier, 4, a front sun gear, 5, a gear ring, 6, a double-planet-row power coupling mechanism, 7, a rear planet carrier, 8, an output shaft, 9, a rear sun gear, 10, an inner hollow shaft, 11, a torque plate, 12, a sub-box synchronizer, 13, a first transmission gear, 14, a main box synchronizer, 15, a second transmission gear, 16, a third transmission gear, 17, an outer hollow shaft, 18, a sliding sleeve locking device, 19, a fourth transmission gear, 20, an axle, 21, a fifth transmission gear, 22, a sixth transmission gear, 23, a seventh transmission gear, 24, an eighth transmission gear, 25, a connecting shaft, 26, a generator, 27, a driving motor, 28, an engine, 29, a clutch, 30, an inner hollow shaft gear hub, 31, a sliding sleeve, 32, a shifting fork, 33, a central shaft gear hub, 34 and a ninth transmission gear.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present embodiment, and it is apparent that the embodiments described below are only a part of embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of protection of this patent.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention discloses a three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for a heavy truck, which comprises a shell 2, a generator 26, a driving motor 27, an engine 28, an axle 20 and a double-planet-row power coupling mechanism 6;
the double-planet-row power coupling mechanism 6 comprises a front planet-row power coupling mechanism and a rear planet-row power coupling mechanism; the front planet row power coupling mechanism comprises a front sun gear 4, a front planet carrier 3 and a plurality of planet gears arranged on the front planet carrier 3, and the rear planet row power coupling mechanism comprises a rear sun gear 9, a rear planet carrier 7 and a plurality of planet gears arranged on the rear planet carrier 7; the outer rings of a plurality of planetary gears of the front planetary row power coupling mechanism and the rear planetary row power coupling mechanism are meshed with a gear ring 5 together, the gear ring 5 is rotatably connected and installed with the shell 2 through a bearing, and the gear ring 5 is in transmission connection with the axle 20 through an output shaft 8 so as to drive wheels to realize advancing;
the engine 28 is connected with the rear planet carrier 7 through the central shaft 1; the rear sun gear 9 is connected with an inner hollow shaft 10, and the generator 26 is in transmission connection with the inner hollow shaft 10; the front sun gear 4 is connected with an outer hollow shaft 17, and a driving motor 27 can be in transmission connection with the outer hollow shaft 17 through a driving motor gearbox system;
the central shaft 1, the inner hollow shaft 10 and the outer hollow shaft 17 are coaxially arranged from inside to outside in sequence; the spatial arrangement is more compact, and higher integration level is ensured;
the housing 2 is provided with a slide sleeve locking device 18 which can respectively lock the central shaft 1 and the inner hollow shaft 10. The flexible switching of the individual drive modes is achieved by means of the sliding sleeve locking device 18.
As shown in fig. 1, the driving motor gearbox system comprises a fifth transmission gear 21 connected with an output shaft of a driving motor 27, a sixth transmission gear 22, a seventh transmission gear 23 and an eighth transmission gear 24 which are sequentially connected and installed through a connecting shaft 25; the fifth transmission gear 21 is meshed with the sixth transmission gear 22; a second transmission gear 15 and a first transmission gear 13 which are respectively meshed with a seventh transmission gear 23 and an eighth transmission gear 24 are rotatably arranged on the outer hollow shaft 17, and the second transmission gear 15 and the first transmission gear 13 are respectively sleeved on the outer hollow shaft 17 through bearings; a main box synchronizer 14 which can be respectively connected with the second transmission gear 15 and the first transmission gear 13 is arranged on the outer hollow shaft 17; a front planet carrier 3 of the front planet row power coupling mechanism is provided with an auxiliary box synchronizer 12 which can be respectively connected with a front sun gear 4 and a shell 2, the front planet carrier 3 is connected with the auxiliary box synchronizer 12 through a sleeve, and the sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of an outer hollow shaft 17. Through the arrangement of the main box synchronizer 14 and the auxiliary box synchronizer 12, the arrangement of a plurality of gears can be realized, the speed ratio range of the gearbox can be widened, and the dynamic property of the whole vehicle is enhanced.
The second transmission gear 15, the first transmission gear 13 and the front planet row power coupling mechanism are sequentially arranged from left to right, the main box synchronizer 14 is arranged between the second transmission gear 15 and the first transmission gear 13, and the auxiliary box synchronizer 12 is arranged between the first transmission gear 13 and the front planet row power coupling mechanism. The compactness and the rationality of the spatial arrangement are ensured.
The transmission ratio of the seventh transmission gear 23 to the second transmission gear 15 is different from the transmission ratio of the eighth transmission gear 24 to the first transmission gear 13, so that a wider rotating speed output range can be ensured. The former gear ratio is smaller than the latter gear ratio, and can be respectively 1: 4 and 1: 8.
as shown in fig. 1-2, the sliding sleeve locking device 18 comprises a central shaft gear hub 33 mounted in connection with the central shaft 1, an inner hollow shaft gear hub 30 mounted in connection with the inner hollow shaft 10, and a sliding sleeve 31 mounted on the housing 2; the sliding sleeve 31 has three gears, namely, a connection with the central shaft hub 33, a connection with the inner hollow shaft hub 30, and a neutral gear. A fork 32 for adjusting the slide bush 31 to the left and right is further attached to the housing 2. The inner ring and the outer ring of the sliding sleeve 31 are respectively provided with an inner spline and an outer spline, the outer ring of the sliding sleeve 31 is provided with a radial groove, and the shifting fork 32 is inserted into the groove. An inner ring of the shell 2 is provided with an internal spline, and two axial grooves are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the shell 2, so that the shifting fork 32 is allowed to drive the sliding sleeve 31 to axially translate in the internal spline of the shell. The inner hollow shaft gear hub 30 is connected with the inner hollow shaft 10 through a spline, and when the sliding sleeve inner spline is connected with the inner hollow shaft gear hub spline, the inner hollow shaft 10 cannot rotate. The central shaft gear hub 33 is connected with the central shaft 1 through splines, and when the sliding sleeve internal splines are connected with the central shaft gear hub external splines, the central shaft 1 cannot rotate. The sliding sleeve 31 of the sliding sleeve locking device 18 is in the left, middle and right gears, so that the pure electric mode, the direct drive mode of the engine and the hybrid mode can be flexibly switched.
Through the adjustment of the main box synchronizer 14 and the auxiliary box synchronizer 12, the following four gear adjustment can be realized:
when the auxiliary box synchronizer 12 moves rightwards, the front planet carrier 3 is connected with the shell 2 through a synchronizer spline, at the moment, the front planet carrier 3 is fixed, and the auxiliary box is in a low gear area; when the auxiliary box synchronizer 12 moves leftwards, the front planet carrier 3 is connected with the front sun gear 4 through the synchronizer spline, the rotating speed of the front sun gear 4 is consistent with that of the gear ring 5, and at the moment, the auxiliary box is in a high gear area.
The main box synchronizer 14 moves left and right to realize the connection with the second transmission gear 15 and the first transmission gear 13 respectively, and the gears are respectively a high gear and a low gear; so that the main box has a high range and a low range.
The high and low gear areas of the main box are respectively combined with the high and low gear areas of the auxiliary box (the respective left and right gears of the main box synchronizer 14 and the auxiliary box synchronizer 12 are adjusted), so that the four gears can be flexibly arranged: high gear, medium low gear and low gear.
By adjusting the position of the sliding sleeve 31 of the sliding sleeve locking device 18 (connected with the central shaft gear hub 33, connected with the inner hollow shaft gear hub 30 and neutral), the flexible switching among the pure electric mode, the engine direct drive mode and the hybrid mode can be realized. The method comprises the following specific steps:
pure electric mode: the sliding sleeve 31 is operated by the shifting fork 32 to move leftwards, the internal spline of the sliding sleeve 31 is connected with the external spline of the central shaft gear hub 33, the central shaft 1 is fixed, and the power of the driving motor 27 is transmitted to the front sun gear 4 through the external hollow shaft 17; according to the actual power demand of the whole vehicle, the generator 26 can selectively participate in driving, the power of the generator 26 is transmitted to the rear sun gear 9 through the inner hollow shaft 10, and the power is coupled and transmitted to the output shaft 8 at the gear ring 5.
Direct drive mode of the engine: the sliding sleeve 31 is operated by the shifting fork 32 to move rightwards, the internal spline of the sliding sleeve 31 is connected with the external spline of the inner hollow shaft gear hub 30, the inner hollow shaft 10 and the rear sun gear 9 are fixed, and the power of the engine 28 is transmitted to the rear planet carrier 7 through the central shaft 1 and is transmitted to the output shaft 8 through the gear ring 5.
Mixing mode: the sliding sleeve 31 is in a middle neutral position, the internal spline of the sliding sleeve 31 is not connected with any part, the power of the engine 28 is transmitted to the rear planet carrier 7 through the central shaft 1 for power splitting, the power is respectively split to the gear ring 5 and the rear sun gear 9, and the rear sun gear 9 is transmitted to the generator 26 through the inner hollow shaft 10 for power generation. When the power is insufficient, the power of the driving motor 27 is transmitted to the front sun gear 4 through the outer hollow shaft 17, and the power of the driving motor 27 and the power of the engine 28 are in power coupling at the gear ring 5 for output. In the constant-speed high-efficiency interval of the engine 28, the rotating speed of the generator 26 is controlled, so that the rotating speed of the rear sun gear 9 can be adjusted to change the rotating speed of the output shaft 8, and at the moment, the rotating speed of the engine 28 and the vehicle speed are decoupled and are in stepless speed change.
When the pure electric mode gearbox shifts gears, the sliding sleeve 31 is positioned at the left end to lock the central shaft 1, and the power of the generator 26 is transmitted to the gear ring 5 through the inner hollow shaft 10 and the rear sun gear 9 to perform torque compensation. In the hybrid mode, the engine 28 compensates for torque by driving the rear carrier 7 to transfer power to the ring gear 5 during transmission gear shifting. Uninterrupted output power during shifts in each operating mode is achieved by torque compensation of the generator 26 and the engine 28.
The main box synchronizer 14 has three gears, which are respectively connected with the second transmission gear 15, the first transmission gear 13 and a neutral gear. The auxiliary-box synchronizer 12 has two gears, respectively connected to the front sun gear 4 and to the casing 2. Through the gear adjustment of the main box synchronizer 14 and the auxiliary box synchronizer 12, the realization of multiple working modes can be realized, the structure is simple, and the realization is easy.
Wherein, a torque transmission plate 11 for connecting with a sub-tank synchronizer 12 is mounted on the housing 2. The torque transmission plate 11 transmits torque, has high structural strength, and ensures the positioning reliability of the front planet carrier 3 and prevents the rotation of the front planet carrier 3 when the auxiliary box synchronizer 12 is connected with the torque transmission plate 11.
The engine 28 is in driving connection with the central shaft 1 via a clutch 29. The clutch 29 allows flexible disconnection and connection of the power transmission.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 1, the generator 26 is in transmission connection with the inner hollow shaft 10 through a generator speed reducing system; the generator speed reducing system comprises a third transmission gear 16, a fourth transmission gear 19 and a ninth transmission gear 34 which are meshed in sequence; the third transmission gear 16 is connected with the output shaft of the generator 26, and the ninth transmission gear 34 is connected with the inner hollow shaft 10. The generator 26 is in transmission connection with the inner hollow shaft 10 through the third transmission gear 16, the fourth transmission gear 19 and the ninth transmission gear 34, so that the power transmission reliability of the generator 26 and the stability of reverse charging of the generator 26 are ensured.
Wherein, the central shaft 1, the inner hollow shaft 10 and the outer hollow shaft 17 are respectively rotatably mounted with the shell 2 through bearings. The gear ring 5, the output shaft 8, the central shaft of the fourth transmission gear 19 and the connecting shaft 25 are rotatably mounted with the housing 2 through bearings, and the generator 26, the driving motor 27 and the engine 28 are fixedly mounted on the housing 2. It should be noted that the housing 2 refers to a housing which seals the transmission component and is fixedly mounted with the frame; a plurality of the devices can be provided at the same time, such as a transmission shell, a transmission shell and the like; it may be one, and all the transmission components except the axle 20, the generator 26, the engine 28, and the driving motor 27 are hermetically packaged.
This three power supply coupling thoughtlessly moves system suitable for heavy truck has three power supply: a generator 26, a drive motor 27, and an engine 28, and the generator 26 may be reversely charged; the power of the driving motor 27 is transmitted to the front sun gear 4 through a driving motor gearbox system; the power of the engine 28 is transmitted to the rear carrier 7 through the center shaft 1; the generator 26 is in transmission connection with the rear sun gear 9 through the inner hollow shaft 10, so that the rotation speed adjustment and reverse charging of the rear sun gear 9 can be realized, and three powers are coupled under different conditions through the double-planet-row power coupling mechanism 6. The whole structure is simple, the design is compact, and the practicability is good.
The generator 26 and the engine 28 are used for respectively regulating the speed of the rear sun gear 9 and the rear planet carrier 7, stepless speed change, the rotating speed of the engine 28 and decoupling of the vehicle speed are achieved, the engine 28 can continuously run in a high-efficiency interval at a constant speed, the oil saving rate is improved, and the running economy of the whole vehicle is improved. Through the adjustment of the main box synchronizer 14 and the auxiliary box synchronizer 12, the speed ratio range of the gearbox can be widened to enhance the dynamic property of the whole vehicle. The flexible switching of the pure electric mode, the hybrid mode and the direct drive mode of the engine under complex working conditions is realized by adjusting the position of the sliding sleeve 31 of the sliding sleeve locking device 18. Uninterrupted power output during shifts in each operating mode is achieved by torque compensation of generator 26 and engine 28.
The three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for the heavy truck can be widely applied to the field of new-energy commercial vehicles, especially for the heavy truck with complex working conditions and more uphill and downhill, the whole truck comfort, safety and economy are improved while the whole truck power performance is ensured, the three-power-source coupling hybrid system has wide popularization and application prospects, and the practicability is good.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The terms "upper", "lower", "outside", "inside" and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used for distinguishing relative positions if any, and are not necessarily given qualitatively. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for a heavy truck is characterized by comprising a shell (2), a generator (26), a driving motor (27), an engine (28), an axle (20) and a double-planet-row power coupling mechanism (6);
the double-planet-row power coupling mechanism (6) comprises a front planet-row power coupling mechanism and a rear planet-row power coupling mechanism, the outer rings of planet gears of the front planet-row power coupling mechanism and the rear planet-row power coupling mechanism are meshed with a gear ring (5) together, and the gear ring (5) is in transmission connection with an axle (20);
the engine (28) is connected with a rear planet carrier (7) of the rear planet row power coupling mechanism through a central shaft (1); a rear sun gear (9) of the rear planet row power coupling mechanism is connected with an inner hollow shaft (10), and a generator (26) is in transmission connection with the inner hollow shaft (10); the front sun gear (4) of the front planet row power coupling mechanism is connected with an outer hollow shaft (17), and a driving motor (27) is in transmission connection with the outer hollow shaft (17) through a driving motor gearbox system;
the central shaft (1), the inner hollow shaft (10) and the outer hollow shaft (17) are coaxially arranged from inside to outside;
a sliding sleeve locking device (18) capable of respectively locking the central shaft (1) and the inner hollow shaft (10) is arranged on the shell (2).
2. The three-power-source coupled hybrid system applicable to heavy trucks of claim 1, wherein the driving motor gearbox system comprises a fifth transmission gear (21) connected with the output shaft of the driving motor (27), a sixth transmission gear (22), a seventh transmission gear (23) and an eighth transmission gear (24) connected with each other through a connecting shaft (25); the fifth transmission gear (21) is meshed with the sixth transmission gear (22); a second transmission gear (15) and a first transmission gear (13) which are respectively meshed with a seventh transmission gear (23) and an eighth transmission gear (24) are rotatably arranged on the outer hollow shaft (17); a main box synchronizer (14) which can be respectively connected with the second transmission gear (15) and the first transmission gear (13) is arranged on the outer hollow shaft (17); and a front planet carrier (3) of the front planet row power coupling mechanism is provided with an auxiliary box synchronizer (12) which can be respectively connected with the front sun gear (4) and the shell (2).
3. The three-power-source coupled hybrid system for a heavy-duty truck as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sliding sleeve locking device (18) comprises a central shaft gear hub (33) installed in connection with the central shaft (1), an inner hollow shaft gear hub (30) installed in connection with the inner hollow shaft (10), and a sliding sleeve (31) installed on the housing (2); the sliding sleeve (31) has three gears, namely a gear connected with the central shaft gear hub (33), a gear connected with the inner hollow shaft gear hub (30) and a neutral gear.
4. Three power source coupled hybrid system, suitable for heavy trucks according to claim 2, characterized in that the main box synchronizer (14) has three gears, respectively connected to the second transmission gear (15), to the first transmission gear (13) and neutral.
5. The three-power-source-coupled hybrid system for heavy-duty trucks according to claim 2, characterized in that the range synchronizer (12) has two gears, respectively connected to the front sun wheel (4) and to the housing (2).
6. The three-power-source coupled hybrid system for a heavy-duty truck according to claim 2, wherein a torque plate (11) for connecting with the sub-tank synchronizer (12) is installed on the housing (2).
7. The three-power-source coupled hybrid system suitable for heavy trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that the engine (28) is in driving connection with the central shaft (1) through a clutch (29).
8. The three-power-source-coupled hybrid system for a heavy-duty truck according to claim 1, wherein the generator (26) is drivingly connected to the inner hollow shaft (10) through a generator speed reduction system; the generator speed reduction system comprises a third transmission gear (16), a fourth transmission gear (19) and a ninth transmission gear (34) which are meshed in sequence; the third transmission gear (16) is connected with an output shaft of the generator (26), and the ninth transmission gear (34) is connected with the inner hollow shaft (10).
9. The three-power-source coupled hybrid system suitable for heavy-duty trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that the central shaft (1), the inner hollow shaft (10) and the outer hollow shaft (17) are rotatably mounted with the housing (2) by means of bearings, respectively.
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| CN202210300932.2A CN114475217B (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2022-03-25 | Three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for heavy truck |
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| CN202210300932.2A CN114475217B (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2022-03-25 | Three-power-source coupling hybrid system suitable for heavy truck |
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