CN114472818A - Device for effectively removing impurities by blowing at bottom of cyclone chamber and using method - Google Patents
Device for effectively removing impurities by blowing at bottom of cyclone chamber and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114472818A CN114472818A CN202111610328.1A CN202111610328A CN114472818A CN 114472818 A CN114472818 A CN 114472818A CN 202111610328 A CN202111610328 A CN 202111610328A CN 114472818 A CN114472818 A CN 114472818A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
- B22D1/002—Treatment with gases
- B22D1/005—Injection assemblies therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
A device for effectively removing impurities by blowing air at the bottom of a swirl chamber and a using method thereof comprise the swirl chamber, a long nozzle, an air blowing device and a channel; the cyclone chamber is of a barreled structure, one end of the long nozzle is tangent to the inner wall of the cyclone chamber or one end of the long nozzle is tangent to the inner wall of the cyclone chamber, and the long nozzle is offset to the center of the cyclone chamber by a distance L2，L2≤D1/4 wherein D1The cyclone chamber is connected with the top of the side wall of the middle bag body through a channel. The invention blows air at the bottom of the cyclone chamber, the air bubbles gather to the center of the cyclone chamber under the action of the cyclone, and the impurities gather to the center under the action of the cyclone. The two areas are the same in the cyclone chamber, which is favorable for the adhesion, collision and polymerization of the grown impurities by bubbles, especially for small-particle-size impurities which are difficult to be removed by floating, the adhesion of the bubbles improves the removal rate of the small-particle-size impuritiesThe integral removing rate of the impurities is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy continuous casting, and particularly relates to a device for effectively removing inclusions by blowing at the bottom of a cyclone chamber and a using method thereof.
Background
Modern steel enterprises generally adopt a continuous casting technology in order to improve production efficiency. In the continuous casting process, molten steel in a tundish enters a crystallizer through a sliding water gap and a submerged nozzle, and the stopper rod and the sliding water gap are matched to control the injection amount of the molten steel from the tundish to the crystallizer and the flowing behavior of the molten steel in the crystallizer, so that the method has very important significance for stable operation and casting blank quality guarantee. The degree of inclusion removal in the many metallurgical functions of the tundish has been a significant concern for metallurgists. For continuous casting of molten steel, the removal of impurities in a tundish not only has great influence on the quality of a continuous casting blank, but also has important influence on the continuous operation of continuous casting, for example, the continuous casting is greatly influenced because the nozzle is easily blocked by more impurities with small grain size.
In the metallurgical production flow, the tundish metallurgy is a special external refining technology, and is a key ring for ensuring the excellent steel quality in the production flow from the smelting and refining of steel to the manufacturing of solid continuous casting billets.
The method for removing the impurities in the tundish mainly comprises two methods:
1. and installing a flow control device. Such as dams, weirs, baffles and turbulence suppressors, increase the residence time of the molten steel in the tundish, increase the volume of plug flow, reduce dead zones, improve the flow field of the molten steel and facilitate the floating removal of inclusions; however, the traditional method for installing the flow control device has an obvious effect on removing large-particle-size inclusions and an unobvious effect on removing small-particle-size inclusions.
2. Blowing the tundish, i.e. injecting inert gas. For example, the air curtain retaining wall can improve the flow field of the tundish by blowing air, and the blown bubbles can also adhere to the impurities, thereby being beneficial to removing the impurities. However, the air curtain retaining wall has a 'triangular' blind area in the tundish, and the effect of removing the impurities by adhesion is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for effectively removing impurities by blowing at the bottom of a cyclone chamber and a using method thereof, which have the advantages of simple structure and convenient processing and operation, can effectively remove the impurities, improve the blockage condition of a submerged nozzle, and create conditions for improving the quality of a continuous casting billet and improving the blockage of a long nozzle.
A device for effectively removing impurities by blowing air at the bottom of a cyclone chamber comprises the cyclone chamber, a long nozzle, an air blowing device and a channel; the cyclone chamber is of a barreled structure, one end of the long nozzle is tangent to the inner wall of the cyclone chamber or one end of the long nozzle is tangent to the inner wall of the cyclone chamber, and the long nozzle is offset to the center of the cyclone chamber by a distance L2，L2≤D1/4 wherein D1Is the height H from the center of the tangent position of the long nozzle to the bottom of the cyclone chamber3Less than 5 times long mouth of a river diameter d, the spiral-flow chamber bottom plate upper surface is seted up flutedly, and gas blowing device is embedded in the recess of spiral-flow chamber bottom plate, the spiral-flow chamber passes through the passageway and is connected with middle inclusion lateral wall top.
The shape of the air blowing device is circular and is embedded in the annular groove of the bottom plate of the cyclone chamber, the upper surface of the air blowing device and the upper surface of the bottom plate of the cyclone chamber are on the same plane, and the axis of the air blowing device coincides with the axis of the cyclone chamber.
The air blowing device is an annular air brick and consists of one or more annular air bricks, and when the air blowing device is a plurality of annular air bricks, the axes of the annular air bricks are coincided with the axis of the cyclone chamber.
When the air brick is a single annular air brick, the thickness B of the annular air brick1Is 0.2 to 1 time of the inner diameter d of the long nozzle, and when the long nozzle is a multi-annular air brick, the thickness B of the annular air brick1Is 0.2 to 0.8 times of the inner diameter d of the long nozzle.
When the annular air brick is a plurality of annular air bricks, the distance L between two adjacent annular air bricks1Is the thickness B of the annular air brick10.5-3 times of the total weight of the powder.
When being a single annular air brick, the inner diameter D of the air brick2Is the outer diameter D of the swirl chamber10.3-0.95 times of; when the annular air brick is a plurality of annular air bricks, the inner diameter D of the largest annular air brick is2Is the diameter D of the swirl chamber10.3 to 0.95 times of the amount of the active ingredient.
The diameter of the bubbles blown in by the blowing device is 0.1-3 mm, and when the gas enters the cyclone chamber through the air brick, the bubbles can form bubbles with the diameter of 0.1-3 mm under the shearing action of molten steel in the cyclone chamber.
The interval calculation method of the blowing quantity Q of the blowing device is that the volume of blown gas is not more than one tenth of the inflow volume of the molten steel and is not less than five thousandths of the inflow volume of the molten steel. When the blowing gas is too little, enough bubbles and adhering inclusions cannot be formed, and when the blowing gas is too much, the rotational flow of the molten steel can be damaged, and slag holes and molten steel splashing can be caused.
A use method of a device for effectively removing impurities by blowing air at the bottom of a swirl chamber comprises the following steps:
molten steel enters the cyclone chamber from a steel ladle through the long nozzle and then enters the tundish body, the molten steel enters the cyclone chamber along the side wall of the cyclone chamber under the action of the cyclone chamber, the gravitational potential energy of the molten steel is converted into rotary kinetic energy by the cyclone chamber, the molten steel rotates and flows in the cyclone chamber to form a cyclone field in the cyclone chamber, and inclusions interact with the molten steel in the cyclone field along with the molten steel; after the rotational flow field is formed, inert gas is blown to the bottom of the rotational flow chamber, bubbles enter the rotational flow chamber through the air brick, the blown gas forms bubbles under rotational flow shearing, the bubbles are gathered to the center of the rotational flow chamber under the action of rotational flow, impurities are gathered to the center of the rotational flow chamber under the action of rotational flow, the bubbles adhere to and collide with the grown impurities, and the bubbles carry the impurities to float to the surface of molten steel to be removed after the impurities adhere to the bubbles.
The invention has the technical effects that:
compared with the traditional rotational flow tundish, the cyclone tundish blows air at the bottom of the rotational flow chamber, bubbles are gathered to the center of the rotational flow chamber under the action of rotational flow, and impurities are gathered to the center under the action of rotational flow. The two areas are the same in the cyclone chamber, which is beneficial to the adhesion and collision of bubbles to polymerize the grown impurities, especially for small grain sizes which are difficult to remove by floating upwards, the bubble adhesion improves the removal rate of the small grain size impurities, greatly improves the integral removal rate of the impurities, improves the condition of the blockage of the submerged nozzle by removing the small grain size impurities, and is beneficial to the smooth continuous casting. The invention has simple structure and convenient processing and operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for effectively removing inclusions by blowing air from the bottom of a swirling chamber according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the swirling chamber of the apparatus for removing inclusions effectively by blowing air from the bottom of the swirling chamber of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation of a single annular air brick and a bottom plate of a cyclone chamber of the device for effectively removing inclusions by blowing air at the bottom of the cyclone chamber;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the cooperation of a plurality of annular air bricks and a bottom plate of a cyclone chamber of the device for effectively removing inclusions by blowing air at the bottom of the cyclone chamber;
FIG. 5 is a side view of the swirling chamber of the apparatus for efficiently removing inclusions by blowing air at the bottom of the swirling chamber of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the force exerted on the bubbles and inclusions in the cyclone chamber according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a velocity distribution curve of molten steel in the bottom of the swirling chamber in the radial direction;
1-cyclone chamber, 2-long nozzle, 3-channel, 4-middle bag, 5-blowing device, 6-groove.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a device for effectively removing impurities by blowing air at the bottom of a cyclone chamber comprises a cyclone chamber 1, a long nozzle 2, an air blowing device 5 and a channel 3; the swirl chamber 1 is of a barreled structure, one end of the long nozzle 2 is tangent to the inner wall of the swirl chamber 1 or one end of the long nozzle 2 is arranged along the inner wall of the swirl chamber 1, and the offset distance L is deviated from the center of the swirl chamber 12，L2≤D1/4 wherein D1Is the height H from the center of the tangent position of the long nozzle 2 to the bottom of the cyclone chamber 1 at the outer diameter of the cyclone chamber 13Less than 5 times long mouth of a river 2 diameter d, 1 bottom plate upper surface of spiral-flow chamber is seted up flutedly 6, and gas blowing device 5 is embedded in the recess 6 of 1 bottom plate of spiral-flow chamber, spiral-flow chamber 1 is connected through passageway 3 and 4 lateral walls tops of middle inclusion.
The shape of gas blowing device 5 is the ring shape, and embedded in the annular groove 6 of whirl chamber 1 bottom plate, and the upper surface of gas blowing device 5 and the upper surface of whirl chamber 1 bottom plate are on the coplanar, and the axis of gas blowing device 5 and whirl chamber 1 axis coincidence.
The air blowing device 5 is an annular air brick, the air blowing device 5 is composed of one or more annular air bricks, and when the air blowing device is a plurality of annular air bricks, the axes of the annular air bricks are coincided with the axis of the cyclone chamber 1.
When the air brick is a single annular air brick, the thickness B of the annular air brick1Is 0.2 to 1 time of the inner diameter d of the long nozzle 2, and when the long nozzle is a multi-annular air brick, the thickness B of the annular air brick1Is 0.2 to 0.8 times of the inner diameter d of the long nozzle 2.
When the annular air brick is a plurality of annular air bricks, the distance L between two adjacent annular air bricks1Is the thickness B of the annular air brick10.5-3 times of the total weight of the powder.
When being a single annular air brick, the inner diameter D of the air brick2Is the outer diameter D of the swirl chamber 110.3-0.95 times of; when the annular air brick is a plurality of annular air bricks, the inner diameter D of the largest annular air brick is2Is the outer diameter D of the swirl chamber 110.3 to 0.95 times of the amount of the active ingredient.
The diameter of the bubbles blown in by the blowing device 5 is 0.1-3 mm, and when the gas enters the cyclone chamber 1 through the air brick, the bubbles can form bubbles with the diameter of 0.1-3 mm under the shearing action of molten steel in the cyclone chamber 1.
The interval calculation method of the blowing quantity Q of the blowing device 5 is that the volume of the blown gas is not more than one tenth of the inflow volume of the molten steel and is not less than five thousandths of the inflow volume of the molten steel. When the blowing gas is too little, enough bubbles and adhering inclusions cannot be formed, and when the blowing gas is too much, the rotational flow of the molten steel can be damaged, and slag holes and molten steel splashing can be caused.
A use method of a device for effectively removing impurities by blowing air at the bottom of a swirl chamber comprises the following steps:
molten steel enters the cyclone chamber 1 from a steel ladle through the long nozzle 2 and then enters the tundish body 4, under the action of the cyclone chamber 1, the molten steel enters the cyclone chamber 1 along the side wall of the cyclone chamber 1, the cyclone chamber 1 converts the gravitational potential energy of the molten steel into rotational kinetic energy, the molten steel rotates and flows in the cyclone chamber 1 to form a cyclone field in the cyclone chamber 1, and impurities interact with the molten steel in the cyclone field along with the molten steel; after the rotational flow field is formed, inert gas is blown to the bottom of the rotational flow chamber 1, bubbles enter the rotational flow chamber 1 through the air brick, blown gas forms bubbles under rotational flow shearing, the bubbles are gathered to the center of the rotational flow chamber 1 under the action of rotational flow, impurities are gathered to the center of the rotational flow chamber 1 under the action of rotational flow, the bubbles adhere to and collide with the grown impurities, and the impurities carried by the bubbles after adhering to the impurities float to the surface of molten steel to be removed.
The motion trail of bubbles and inclusions in molten steel is mainly related to the force applied to the bubbles and inclusions. As shown in fig. 6, the inclusions and bubbles are mainly subjected to drag force F in the rotating flow fieldDPressure gradient force FpGravity, buoyancy, virtual mass force Fv, Saffman lift FLSMagnus lifting force FLMWherein the force promoting the movement of the inclusions and bubbles toward the center is mainly drag force FDPressure gradient force FpSaffman lifting force FLSMagnus lifting force FLMI.e. satisfy FP+FV-FLS-FLM＞FCentrifugal forceWhile the inclusions or bubbles move toward the center of the cyclone chamber 1. The numerical simulation result shows that the impurities and the bubbles are obviously gathered towards the center of the cyclone chamber 1 in the cyclone chamber 1, the impurities are gathered towards the central area, the number density of the impurities in the central area of the cyclone chamber 1 is greatly improved, and the collision and the growth of the impurities are facilitated. And the main gathering area of the inclusions is overlapped with the gathering area of the bubbles, so that the efficiency of adhering the inclusions to the bubbles is greatly improved.
The advantages of annular blowing: blowing air at the bottom of the cyclone chamber 1 needs to meet two problems, the air volume of the first blowing air cannot be too large, and a large amount of air blown into the cyclone chamber can damage the flow field of the cyclone chamber 1; the bubbles generated by the second blowing cannot be too large, and the adhesion effect of the large bubbles to the inclusions is poor. According to the two aspects, annular blowing is provided, firstly annular blowing is carried out at the bottom of the cyclone chamber 1, the influence of the bottom blowing on a flow field is small, secondly, bubbles generated by the annular blowing move from the outer area of the cyclone chamber 1 to the center, the moving path of the bubbles is longer, more inclusions are skipped over, and the overlap ratio of the gathering area of the annular blowing bubbles and the gathering area of the inclusions is higher. Thirdly, the position of annular blowing gas coincides with the position of the maximum flow velocity of molten steel in the cyclone chamber 1, as shown in fig. 7, and the generation of small bubbles is facilitated by the large shearing speed. In the aspect of comprehensively considering the factors, annular blowing is most suitable. The flexibility of the air blowing operation can be adjusted by multi-ring air blowing.
Claims (9)
1. A device for effectively removing impurities by blowing air at the bottom of a cyclone chamber is characterized by comprising the cyclone chamber, a long water gap, an air blowing device and a channel; the cyclone chamber is of a barreled structure, one end of the long nozzle is tangent to the inner wall of the cyclone chamber or one end of the long nozzle is tangent to the inner wall of the cyclone chamber, and the long nozzle is offset to the center of the cyclone chamber by a distance L2，L2≤D1/4 wherein D1The height H from the center of the tangent position of the long nozzle to the bottom of the swirl chamber is the outer diameter of the swirl chamber3Less than 5 times long mouth of a river diameter d, the spiral-flow chamber bottom plate upper surface is seted up flutedly, and gas blowing device is embedded in the recess of spiral-flow chamber bottom plate, the spiral-flow chamber passes through the passageway and is connected with middle inclusion lateral wall top.
2. The device for effectively removing the inclusions by blowing at the bottom of the whirling chamber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the air blowing device is in a ring shape and is embedded in the annular groove of the bottom plate of the cyclone chamber, the upper surface of the air blowing device and the upper surface of the bottom plate of the cyclone chamber are on the same plane, and the axis of the air blowing device is superposed with the axis of the cyclone chamber.
3. The device for effectively removing the inclusions by blowing air at the bottom of the whirling chamber as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the diameter of the bubbles blown by the blowing device is 0.1-3 mm.
4. The device for effectively removing the inclusions by blowing air at the bottom of the whirling chamber as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the interval calculation method of the blowing quantity Q of the blowing device is that the volume of blown gas is not more than one tenth of the inflow volume of the molten steel and is not less than five thousandths of the inflow volume of the molten steel.
5. The device for effectively removing the inclusions by blowing at the bottom of the whirling chamber as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the air blowing device is an annular air brick and consists of one or more annular air bricks, and when the air blowing device is a plurality of annular air bricks, the axes of the annular air bricks are coincided with the axis of the cyclone chamber.
6. The device for effectively removing the inclusions by blowing air at the bottom of the whirling chamber as claimed in claim 3, wherein: when the air brick is a single annular air brick, the thickness B of the annular air brick1Is 0.2 to 1 time of the inner diameter d of the long nozzle, and when the long nozzle is a multi-annular air brick, the thickness B of the annular air brick1Is 0.2 to 0.8 times of the inner diameter d of the long nozzle.
7. The device for effectively removing the inclusions by blowing air at the bottom of the whirling chamber as claimed in claim 3, wherein: when the annular air brick is a plurality of annular air bricks, the distance L between two adjacent annular air bricks1Is the thickness B of the annular air brick10.5-3 times of the total weight of the powder.
8. The device for effectively removing the inclusions by blowing air at the bottom of the whirling chamber as claimed in claim 3, wherein: when being a single annular air brick, the inner diameter D of the air brick2Is the outer diameter D of the swirl chamber10.3-0.95 times of; when the annular air brick is a plurality of annular air bricks, the inner diameter D of the largest annular air brick is2Is the outer diameter D of the swirl chamber10.3 to 0.95 times of the amount of the active ingredient.
9. The use method of the device for effectively removing the inclusions by blowing at the bottom of the whirling chamber according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
molten steel enters the cyclone chamber from a steel ladle through the long nozzle and then enters the tundish body, the molten steel enters the cyclone chamber along the side wall of the cyclone chamber under the action of the cyclone chamber, the gravitational potential energy of the molten steel is converted into rotary kinetic energy by the cyclone chamber, the molten steel rotates and flows in the cyclone chamber to form a cyclone field in the cyclone chamber, and inclusions interact with the molten steel in the cyclone field along with the molten steel; after the rotational flow field is formed, inert gas is blown to the bottom of the rotational flow chamber, bubbles enter the rotational flow chamber through the air brick, the blown gas forms bubbles under rotational flow shearing, the bubbles are gathered to the center of the rotational flow chamber under the action of rotational flow, impurities are gathered to the center of the rotational flow chamber under the action of rotational flow, the bubbles adhere to and collide with the grown impurities, and the bubbles carry the impurities to float to the surface of molten steel to be removed after the impurities adhere to the bubbles.
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