CN114472818B - Device for effectively removing impurities by bottom blowing of cyclone chamber and use method - Google Patents

Device for effectively removing impurities by bottom blowing of cyclone chamber and use method Download PDF

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CN114472818B
CN114472818B CN202111610328.1A CN202111610328A CN114472818B CN 114472818 B CN114472818 B CN 114472818B CN 202111610328 A CN202111610328 A CN 202111610328A CN 114472818 B CN114472818 B CN 114472818B
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cyclone chamber
cyclone
bubbles
air
blowing
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CN114472818A (en
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卢金霖
罗志国
邹宗树
蒋成浩
李键
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东北大学
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D1/00Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
    • B22D1/002Treatment with gases
    • B22D1/005Injection assemblies therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/072Treatment with gases
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Abstract

A device for effectively removing impurities by blowing air from the bottom of a cyclone chamber and a use method thereof comprise the cyclone chamber, a long water gap, a blowing device and a channel; the swirl chamber is of a barrel structure, one end of the long water gap is tangent with the inner wall of the swirl chamber or one end of the long water gap is tangentially arranged along the inner wall of the swirl chamber, and is offset to the center of the swirl chamber by a distance L 2 ,L 2 ≤D 1 4, wherein D 1 The cyclone chamber is characterized by comprising a cyclone chamber outer diameter, a groove on a bottom plate of the cyclone chamber is internally provided with an air blowing device, and the cyclone chamber is connected with the top of the side wall of the middle bag body through a channel. The invention blows air at the bottom of the cyclone chamber, bubbles gather towards the center of the cyclone chamber under the action of the cyclone, and inclusions gather towards the center under the action of the cyclone. The two areas gathered in the cyclone chamber are the same, so that bubbles are favorable for adhering, colliding, polymerizing and growing inclusions, especially for small particle sizes which are difficult to remove by floating upwards, the adhering of the bubbles improves the removal rate of the inclusions with small particle sizes, and the overall removal rate of the inclusions is greatly improved.

Description

Device for effectively removing impurities by bottom blowing of cyclone chamber and use method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy continuous casting, and particularly relates to a device for effectively removing impurities by bottom blowing of a cyclone chamber and a use method thereof.
Background
Modern iron and steel enterprises generally adopt continuous casting technology for improving production efficiency. In the continuous casting process, molten steel in the tundish enters the crystallizer through the sliding gate and the immersion gate, and the control of the molten steel injection amount from the tundish to the crystallizer and the flow behavior of the molten steel in the crystallizer is realized by utilizing the cooperation of the stopper rod and the sliding gate, so that the method has very important significance for stabilizing operation and ensuring casting blank quality. The extent of inclusion removal in numerous metallurgical functions of the tundish has been a major concern for metallurgical workers. For molten steel continuous casting, the removal of inclusions in the tundish has great influence on the quality of continuous casting billets and on the continuous operation of continuous casting, for example, small-particle-size inclusions are easy to cause the blockage of a water gap and have great influence on continuous casting.
In the metallurgical production flow, tundish metallurgy is a special external refining technology, and is a key ring for ensuring obtaining excellent steel quality in the production flow from smelting and refining of steel to making of solid continuous casting billets.
The methods for removing the inclusions in the tundish mainly comprise two methods:
1. and installing a flow control device. Such as dams, weirs, baffles and turbulence suppressors, increases the residence time of the molten steel in the tundish, increases the plug flow volume, reduces dead zones, improves the flow field of the molten steel, and is beneficial to the floating removal of inclusions; however, the traditional method for installing the flow control device has obvious effect of removing the impurities with large particle size, but has no obvious effect of removing the impurities with small particle size.
2. The tundish is blown, i.e. injected with inert gas. For example, the air curtain wall can improve the flow field of the tundish by blowing air, and the blown air bubbles can adhere to the impurities, thereby being beneficial to removing the impurities. However, the air curtain wall has a triangular dead zone in the tundish, and the effect of removing impurities by adhesion is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at providing a device for effectively removing impurities by blowing gas from the bottom of a cyclone chamber and a use method thereof, which have the advantages of simple structure, convenient processing and operation, capability of effectively removing the impurities, improvement of the blocking condition of a submerged nozzle and creation of conditions for improving the quality of a continuous casting billet and the blocking of a long nozzle.
A device for effectively removing impurities by blowing air from the bottom of a cyclone chamber comprises the cyclone chamber, a long water gap, a blowing device and a channel; the swirl chamber is of a barrel structure, one end of the long water gap is tangent with the inner wall of the swirl chamber or one end of the long water gap is tangentially arranged along the inner wall of the swirl chamber, and is offset to the center of the swirl chamber by a distance L 2 ,L 2D 1 4, wherein D 1 Is the outside diameter of the swirl chamber, and the height H between the circle center of the tangent position of the long water gap and the bottom of the swirl chamber 3 The diameter d of the water gap is smaller than 5 times, a groove is formed in the upper surface of the bottom plate of the cyclone chamber, the air blowing device is embedded in the groove of the bottom plate of the cyclone chamber, and the cyclone chamber is connected with the top of the side wall of the middle bag body through a channel.
The air blowing device is in a circular ring shape and is embedded in the annular groove of the cyclone chamber bottom plate, the upper surface of the air blowing device and the upper surface of the cyclone chamber bottom plate are on the same plane, and the axis of the air blowing device is coincident with the axis of the cyclone chamber.
The air blowing device is an annular air brick and consists of a single or a plurality of annular air bricks, and when the air brick is a plurality of annular air bricks, the axes of the annular air bricks are overlapped with the axes of the cyclone chamber.
In the case of a single annular air brick, the thickness B of the annular air brick 1 Is 0.2 to 1 times of the inner diameter d of the long nozzle, and when the long nozzle is a multi-ring air brick, the thickness B of the ring air brick 1 Is 0.2 to 0.8 times of the inner diameter d of the long nozzle.
In the case of a plurality of annular air bricks, the distance L between two adjacent annular air bricks 1 Is the thickness B of the annular air brick 1 Is 0.5-3 times as large as the above.
In the case of a single annular air brick, its inner diameter D 2 Is the outer diameter D of the swirl chamber 1 0.3 to 0.95 times of the total weight of the steel sheet; in the case of a plurality of annular air bricks, the largest annular air brick has an inner diameter D 2 Is the diameter D of the swirl chamber 1 0.3 to 0.95 times of the total weight of the composition.
The diameter of the bubbles blown by the blowing device is 0.1-3 mm, and when the gas enters the cyclone chamber through the air brick, the bubbles can form bubbles with the diameter of 0.1-3 mm under the shearing action of molten steel in the cyclone chamber.
The interval calculation method of the blowing quantity Q of the blowing device is that the volume of blown gas is not more than one tenth of the inflow volume of molten steel and not less than five thousandths of the inflow volume of molten steel. Too little blowing gas can not form enough bubble adhesion inclusions, and too much blowing gas can destroy molten steel rotational flow and even cause slag holes and molten steel splashing.
The application method of the device for effectively removing the impurities by blowing air from the bottom of the cyclone chamber comprises the following steps:
the molten steel enters a cyclone chamber from a ladle through a long water gap and then enters a middle inclusion body, under the action of the cyclone chamber, the molten steel enters the cyclone chamber along the side wall of the cyclone chamber, the cyclone chamber converts gravitational potential energy of the molten steel into rotational kinetic energy, the molten steel flows in the cyclone chamber in a rotating way, a cyclone field is formed in the cyclone chamber, and the inclusions interact with the molten steel in the cyclone field along with the molten steel; after the cyclone field is formed, inert gas is blown at the bottom of the cyclone chamber, bubbles enter the cyclone chamber through air bricks, the blown gas forms bubbles under the shearing of the cyclone, the bubbles gather towards the center of the cyclone chamber under the action of the cyclone, the impurities gather towards the center of the cyclone chamber under the action of the cyclone, in the process, the bubbles adhere to the impurities which are aggregated and grow up through collision, and the bubbles are carried to the surface of molten steel to be removed after adhering to the impurities.
The invention has the technical effects that:
compared with the traditional cyclone tundish, the invention blows air at the bottom of the cyclone chamber, bubbles gather towards the center of the cyclone chamber under the action of the cyclone, and inclusions gather towards the center under the action of the cyclone. The two areas gathered in the cyclone chamber are the same, so that bubbles are adhered to and collide with the impurities after the polymerization is grown, especially for small particle sizes which are difficult to remove by floating upwards, the adhesion of the bubbles improves the removal rate of the small particle size impurities, the overall removal rate of the impurities is greatly improved, the removal of the small particle size impurities can improve the blocking condition of a submerged nozzle, and the continuous casting is facilitated. The invention has simple structure and convenient processing and operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for effectively removing inclusions by bottom blowing in a cyclone chamber of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a cyclone chamber of the apparatus for effectively removing inclusions by bottom blowing of the cyclone chamber of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a single annular air brick of the device for effectively removing impurities by bottom blowing of a cyclone chamber in combination with a bottom plate of the cyclone chamber;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a plurality of annular air bricks of the device for effectively removing impurities by bottom blowing of a cyclone chamber in accordance with the present invention in cooperation with a bottom plate of the cyclone chamber;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a cyclone chamber of the apparatus for effectively removing inclusions by bottom blowing of the cyclone chamber of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the bubble and inclusion forces in a cyclone chamber according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the velocity profile of the molten steel of the present invention in the radial direction at the bottom of the chamber;
1-a swirl chamber, 2-a long water gap, 3-a channel, 4-a middle inclusion, 5-an air blowing device and 6-a groove.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a device for effectively removing impurities by blowing air from the bottom of a cyclone chamber comprises a cyclone chamber 1, a long water gap 2, a blowing device 5 and a channel 3; the swirl chamber 1 is of a barrel structure, one end of the long water gap 2 is tangent with the inner wall of the swirl chamber 1 or one end of the long water gap 2 is tangentially arranged along the inner wall of the swirl chamber 1 and is offset to the center of the swirl chamber 1 by a distance L 2 ,L 2D 1 4, wherein D 1 Is the outer diameter of the swirl chamber 1, and the circle center of the tangent position of the long water gap 2 is at a height H from the bottom of the swirl chamber 1 3 The diameter d of the water gap 2 is smaller than 5 times, a groove 6 is formed in the upper surface of the bottom plate of the cyclone chamber 1, the air blowing device 5 is embedded in the groove 6 of the bottom plate of the cyclone chamber 1, and the cyclone chamber 1 is connected with the top of the side wall of the middle bag body 4 through a channel 3.
The air blowing device 5 is in a circular ring shape and is embedded in the annular groove 6 of the bottom plate of the cyclone chamber 1, the upper surface of the air blowing device 5 and the upper surface of the bottom plate of the cyclone chamber 1 are on the same plane, and the axis of the air blowing device 5 is coincident with the axis of the cyclone chamber 1.
The air blowing device 5 is an annular air brick, and the air blowing device 5 consists of a single annular air brick or a plurality of annular air bricks, and when the air blowing device is a plurality of annular air bricks, the axes of the annular air bricks are overlapped with the axis of the cyclone chamber 1.
In the case of a single annular air brick, the thickness B of the annular air brick 1 Is 0.2 to 1 times of the inner diameter d of the long nozzle 2, and when the long nozzle is a multi-ring air brick, the thickness B of the ring air brick 1 Is 0.2 to 0.8 times of the inner diameter d of the long nozzle 2.
In the case of a plurality of annular air bricks, the distance L between two adjacent annular air bricks 1 Is the thickness B of the annular air brick 1 Is 0.5-3 times as large as the above.
In the case of a single annular air brick, its inner diameter D 2 Is the outer diameter D of the swirl chamber 1 1 0.3 to 0.95 times of the total weight of the steel sheet; in the case of a plurality of annular air bricks, the largest annular air brick has an inner diameter D 2 Is the outer diameter D of the swirl chamber 1 1 0.3 to 0.95 times of the total weight of the composition.
The diameter of the bubbles blown by the blowing device 5 is 0.1-3 mm, and when the gas enters the cyclone chamber 1 through the air brick, the bubbles can form the bubbles with the diameter of 0.1-3 mm under the shearing action of the molten steel in the cyclone chamber 1.
The interval calculation method of the blowing amount Q of the blowing device 5 is that the volume of blown gas is not more than one tenth of the inflow volume of molten steel and not less than five thousandths of the inflow volume of molten steel. Too little blowing gas can not form enough bubble adhesion inclusions, and too much blowing gas can destroy molten steel rotational flow and even cause slag holes and molten steel splashing.
The application method of the device for effectively removing the impurities by blowing air from the bottom of the cyclone chamber comprises the following steps:
molten steel enters a cyclone chamber 1 from a ladle through a long water gap 2 and then enters an intermediate inclusion 4, under the action of the cyclone chamber 1, the molten steel enters the cyclone chamber 1 along the side wall of the cyclone chamber 1, the cyclone chamber 1 converts gravitational potential energy of the molten steel into rotational kinetic energy, the molten steel rotationally flows in the cyclone chamber 1, a cyclone field is formed in the cyclone chamber 1, and the inclusions interact with the molten steel in the cyclone field along with the molten steel; after the cyclone field is formed, inert gas is blown at the bottom of the cyclone chamber 1, bubbles enter the cyclone chamber 1 through air bricks, the blown gas forms bubbles under the shearing of the cyclone, the bubbles gather towards the center of the cyclone chamber 1 under the action of the cyclone, the impurities gather towards the center of the cyclone chamber 1 under the action of the cyclone, the bubbles adhere to the impurities which are polymerized and grow in a collision mode in the process, and the impurities are carried to the surface of molten steel after adhering to the bubbles to float.
The motion trail of bubbles and inclusions in molten steel is mainly related to the force applied by the bubbles and inclusions. As shown in fig. 6, the inclusions and bubbles are mainly subject to drag force F in the rotating flow field D Force of pressure gradient F p Gravity, buoyancy, virtual mass force Fv, saffman lift force F LS Magnus lift force F LM Wherein the inclusion and bubbles are promoted to be in the middleThe force of the heart movement being mainly drag force F D Force of pressure gradient F p Saffman Lift F LS Magnus lift force F LM That is, satisfy F P +F V -F LS -F LM >F Centrifugal force The inclusions or bubbles move toward the center of the cyclone chamber 1. The numerical simulation results show that the impurities and bubbles are obviously gathered towards the center of the cyclone chamber 1 in the cyclone chamber 1, the impurities are gathered towards the center area, the number density of the impurities in the center area of the cyclone chamber 1 is greatly improved, and the collision growth of the impurities is facilitated. And the main aggregation area of the inclusion is overlapped with the aggregation area of the bubble, so that the efficiency of adhering the bubble to the inclusion is greatly improved.
Annular blowing advantage: the bottom of the cyclone chamber 1 needs to be blown to meet two problems, the air quantity of the first blowing cannot be too large, and blowing a large amount of air can damage the flow field of the cyclone chamber 1; the bubbles generated by the second blowing cannot be too large, and the adhesion effect of the large bubbles to the inclusions is poor. According to the two aspects, a scheme of annular blowing is provided, firstly annular blowing is carried out at the bottom of the cyclone chamber 1, the influence of the bottom blowing on a flow field is small, and secondly bubbles generated by the annular blowing move from the outer area of the cyclone chamber 1 to the center, the movement path of the bubbles is longer in the process, more inclusion is skipped, and the contact ratio of the aggregation area of the annular blowing bubbles and the inclusion aggregation area is higher. Third, the position of the annular blowing gas coincides with the position of the maximum flow velocity of the molten steel in the cyclone chamber 1, and as shown in fig. 7, a larger shearing speed is more favorable for generating small bubbles. Considering the above factors in combination, annular blowing is most suitable. Multiple ring blowing allows for adjustment of the flexibility of the blowing operation.

Claims (4)

1. The device for effectively removing impurities by blowing air from the bottom of a cyclone chamber is characterized by comprising the cyclone chamber, a long water gap and blowing air
A device and a channel; the cyclone chamber is of a barrel structure, one end of the long water gap is tangent with the inner wall of the cyclone chamber or one end of the long water gap is tangent with the inner wall of the cyclone chamber, and the distance L2, L2 is less than or equal to D1/4, D1 is the outer diameter of the cyclone chamber, the height H3 of the center of the circle of the tangent position of the long water gap from the bottom of the cyclone chamber is less than 5 times the diameter D of the long water gap, and the upper surface of the bottom plate of the cyclone chamber is provided with a concave
The groove is embedded in the groove of the bottom plate of the cyclone chamber, and the cyclone chamber is connected with the top of the side wall of the middle bag body through a channel;
the air blowing device is in a circular ring shape and is embedded in the annular groove of the cyclone chamber bottom plate, the upper surface of the air blowing device and the upper surface of the cyclone chamber bottom plate are on the same plane, and the axis of the air blowing device is coincident with the axis of the cyclone chamber; the diameter of the bubbles blown by the blowing device is 0.1-3 mm; the interval calculation method of the blowing quantity Q of the blowing device is that the volume of blown gas is not more than one tenth of the inflow volume of molten steel and not less than five thousandths of the inflow volume of molten steel; the air blowing device is an annular air brick and consists of a single or a plurality of annular air bricks, and when the air brick is a plurality of annular air bricks, the axes of the annular air bricks are overlapped with the axes of the cyclone chamber;
when the air brick is a single annular air brick, the inner diameter D2 of the air brick is 0.3 to 0.95 times of the outer diameter D1 of the cyclone chamber; when the air bricks are a plurality of annular air bricks, the inner diameter D2 of the largest annular air brick is 0.3 to 0.95 times of the outer diameter D1 of the cyclone chamber;
the position of the annular blowing gas coincides with the position of the largest flow velocity of molten steel in the cyclone chamber, the blown gas forms bubbles under the cyclone shearing, the larger shearing speed is more favorable for generating small bubbles, the bubbles gather towards the center of the cyclone chamber 1 under the action of the cyclone, the impurities gather towards the center of the cyclone chamber 1 under the action of the cyclone, and the main gathering area of the impurities coincides with the gathering area of the bubbles.
2. The apparatus for effectively removing inclusions by bottom blowing of a cyclone chamber according to claim 1, wherein: when the air brick is a single annular air brick, the thickness B1 of the annular air brick is 0.2 to 1 time of the inner diameter d of the long nozzle, and when the air brick is a multi-annular air brick
When the thickness B1 of the annular air brick is 0.2-0.8 times of the inner diameter d of the long nozzle.
3. The apparatus for effectively removing inclusions by bottom blowing of a cyclone chamber according to claim 1, wherein: when the air brick is a plurality of annular air bricks, the distance L1 between two adjacent annular air bricks is 0.5-3 times of the thickness B1 of the annular air bricks.
4. The method for using the device for effectively removing the inclusions by blowing air from the bottom of the cyclone chamber according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
the molten steel enters a cyclone chamber from a ladle through a long water gap and then enters a middle inclusion body, under the action of the cyclone chamber, the molten steel enters the cyclone chamber along the side wall of the cyclone chamber, the cyclone chamber converts gravitational potential energy of the molten steel into rotational kinetic energy, the molten steel flows in the cyclone chamber in a rotating way, a cyclone field is formed in the cyclone chamber, and the inclusions interact with the molten steel in the cyclone field along with the molten steel; after the cyclone field is formed, inert gas is blown at the bottom of the cyclone chamber, bubbles enter the cyclone chamber through air bricks, the blown gas forms bubbles under the shearing of the cyclone, the bubbles gather towards the center of the cyclone chamber under the action of the cyclone, the impurities gather towards the center of the cyclone chamber under the action of the cyclone, in the process, the bubbles adhere to the impurities which are aggregated and grow up through collision, and the bubbles are carried to the surface of molten steel to be removed after adhering to the impurities.
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CN110394433A (en) * 2019-08-21 2019-11-01 东北大学 A kind of long nozzle ar blowing refining device and method effectively removing inclusions in tundish

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CN104525929B (en) * 2014-12-18 2017-10-24 东北大学 A kind of method that ladle roughing slag is controlled by ladle bottom ring tapping hole blowing argon gas
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102773439A (en) * 2012-08-22 2012-11-14 北京科技大学 Rotational flow reaction system for metal continuous pouring
CN203316714U (en) * 2013-06-13 2013-12-04 重庆科技学院 Spinning-type turbulence controller for continuous casting tundish
JP2015085364A (en) * 2013-10-31 2015-05-07 新日鐵住金株式会社 Effluence prevention method of nonmetallic inclusion of molten metal
CN106041045A (en) * 2016-08-04 2016-10-26 山东钢铁股份有限公司 Continuous casting tundish diffuse-type gas-permeable ring upper nozzle brick cup and argon blowing refining method thereof
CN110238375A (en) * 2019-07-19 2019-09-17 东北大学 A kind of continuous casting air swirl tundish
CN110394433A (en) * 2019-08-21 2019-11-01 东北大学 A kind of long nozzle ar blowing refining device and method effectively removing inclusions in tundish

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