CN114472463A - System for cooperatively treating kitchen waste by using cement kiln and treatment method thereof - Google Patents
System for cooperatively treating kitchen waste by using cement kiln and treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114472463A CN114472463A CN202111641735.9A CN202111641735A CN114472463A CN 114472463 A CN114472463 A CN 114472463A CN 202111641735 A CN202111641735 A CN 202111641735A CN 114472463 A CN114472463 A CN 114472463A
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- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 pop-top cans Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/20—Dewatering by mechanical means
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Biotechnology (AREA)
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- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a system for cooperatively treating kitchen waste by using a cement kiln and a treatment method thereof, wherein the system comprises a feeding device, a multistage crushing device connected in series, a kitchen waste storage pool, a percolate collecting pool, a multistage hydraulic pulping device connected in series, a good pulp collecting pool, a multistage extrusion dehydration device corresponding to the multistage hydraulic pulping device and an anaerobic fermentation device; a discharge port of the feeding device is connected with the crushing device, and the kitchen waste enters the kitchen waste storage pool after being crushed in multiple stages; feeding kitchen waste in the kitchen waste storage pool and percolate in the percolate collecting pool into a hydraulic pulping device according to the mass ratio of 1:3, and feeding the good pulp obtained by a multi-stage hydraulic pulping device into a good pulp collecting pool; a discharge port of each stage of hydraulic pulping device is provided with a grating machine, the grating machine removes insoluble substances in the slurry, the insoluble substances are conveyed to an extrusion dehydration device, and the insoluble substances are incinerated in a cement kiln after moisture removal; and (3) performing anaerobic fermentation on the good pulp in an anaerobic fermentation tank, and conveying the generated biogas to a cement kiln tail decomposing furnace or a kiln head cover for incineration and heating.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system for cooperatively treating kitchen waste by using a cement kiln, and also relates to a method for treating the kitchen waste by using the system.
Background
The garbage classification generally refers to classified storage, throwing and carrying of garbage according to a certain rule or standard, and aims to improve the resource value and economic value of the garbage, make the best use of things, reduce the garbage treatment capacity and the use of treatment equipment, reduce the treatment cost and reduce the consumption of land resources. According to the current garbage classification method, the household garbage is generally divided into the following parts: can recover four categories of garbage, kitchen garbage, other garbage and toxic and harmful garbage.
With the improvement of the living standard of urban residents, the per capita production amount of kitchen waste rises, the composition of the kitchen waste is more and more complex, and the existing disposal methods of the kitchen waste comprise a landfill method, a fermentation composting method (a feed method), a high-temperature pyrolysis method, an incineration method and the like. The kitchen waste is different from food waste, so the existing disposal methods have certain limitations. Landfills occupy land resources and risk of penetrating and contaminating surface and groundwater; the fermentation composting method (feed method) has large floor area, difficult control of fermentation reaction and limited feed market; the high-temperature pyrolysis method needs to supplement extra energy, and the pyrolysis efficiency is limited; the burning method consumes energy, and the risk of newly adding pollutants can exist due to incomplete burning.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a system capable of realizing resource utilization and harmless disposal of kitchen waste, and also aims to provide a method for treating the kitchen waste by using the system.
The technical scheme is as follows: the system for cooperatively treating kitchen waste by using the cement kiln comprises a feeding device, a multistage crushing device connected in series, a kitchen waste storage pool, a percolate collecting pool, a multistage hydraulic pulping device connected in series, a good pulp collecting pool, a multistage extrusion dehydration device corresponding to the multistage hydraulic pulping device and an anaerobic fermentation device, wherein the multistage crushing device is connected in series with the crushing device; a discharge port of the feeding device is connected with the crushing device, and the kitchen waste enters the kitchen waste storage pool after being crushed in multiple stages; feeding kitchen waste in the kitchen waste storage pool and percolate in the percolate collecting pool into a hydraulic pulping device according to the mass ratio of 1:3, and feeding the good pulp obtained by a multi-stage hydraulic pulping device into a good pulp collecting pool; a discharge port of each stage of hydraulic pulping device is provided with a grating machine, the grating machine removes insoluble substances in the slurry, the insoluble substances are conveyed to an extrusion dehydration device, and the insoluble substances are incinerated in a cement kiln after moisture removal; and (3) performing anaerobic fermentation on the good pulp in an anaerobic fermentation tank, and conveying the generated biogas to a cement kiln tail decomposing furnace or a kiln head cover for incineration and heating.
The feeding device comprises a plate type feeding machine, a discharging port of the plate type feeding machine is provided with a scattering machine, and the scattering machine is used for scattering massive and caked materials in the kitchen waste to ensure the feeding uniformity of the next procedure; and a percolate pouring groove is arranged at the bottom of the plate type feeding machine and is used for collecting percolate in the kitchen garbage and guiding the percolate into a percolate collecting pool.
The multistage tandem crushing device sequentially comprises a crusher I and a crusher II, wherein the crusher I and the crusher II are double-shaft shear type crushers or four-shaft shear type crushers; the kitchen waste scattered by the scattering machine falls on a belt conveyor I, a belt scale is arranged on the belt conveyor I and used for measuring the conveying amount of the kitchen waste, and an iron remover I is arranged above the belt conveyor I and used for removing magnetic metals in the kitchen waste; the belt conveyor II is arranged below a discharge port of the crusher I, kitchen garbage after primary crushing is conveyed to the crusher II by the belt conveyor II, and the iron remover II is arranged above the belt conveyor II and used for removing magnetic metal in the kitchen garbage again. After the kitchen waste is crushed by two stages of crushers connected in series, the final crushing granularity of the kitchen waste is controlled to be 50-80 mm. Before the kitchen waste enters the first crusher, a belt scale is arranged for measuring the weight of the disposed kitchen waste; before the kitchen waste enters the first crusher and the second crusher, iron removers are arranged to remove a small amount of possible kitchen waste such as pop-top cans, metal food packaging boxes, metal tableware and the like.
The kitchen waste storage pool is positioned below a discharge port of the crusher II, a diversion trench and a liquid accumulation pit are arranged at the bottom of the kitchen waste storage pool, and percolate collected at the bottom of the pool is conveyed to a percolate collecting pool through a percolate suction pump; set up the driving grab all-in-one above the kitchen garbage storage pool, with the even cloth of the interior material of kitchen garbage storage pool with snatch and get into the little storehouse of receiving the material, receive the material storehouse below and set up screw conveyer, receive the kitchen garbage in the little storehouse of receiving the material and pass through screw conveyer and carry to among the water power slurrying device, percolate the filtration liquid in the collection pond of filtration liquid simultaneously passes through the delivery pump and carries to among the water power slurrying device.
The multi-stage tandem hydraulic pulping device sequentially comprises a hydraulic pulping machine I and a hydraulic pulping machine II; the hydraulic pulper I and the hydraulic pulper II respectively comprise a reaction cylinder body with a conical bottom, a multi-blade cutting blade arranged at the bottom of the cylinder body and a discharge valve arranged on the side wall of the bottom of the cylinder body; the top of the barrel is provided with a percolate feeding hole, a kitchen garbage feeding hole and a clear water replenishing hole; a plurality of prismatic axial spoilers are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body; still include the inverter motor who is located the barrel body, cutting blade rotates under inverter motor's drive. The hydraulic pulping device fully stirs the broken kitchen garbage and the percolate in the hydraulic pulping machine, and fully stirs, cuts and breaks the biomass in the kitchen garbage, thereby dissolving the biomass in the percolate to the maximum extent, and separating out materials with large granularity and medium granularity to form a good pulp finished product for anaerobic fermentation. The cutting blade is provided with 4-8 blades, and the rotating speed of the cutting blade is adjusted by the variable frequency motor to realize the overturning of the material; 4-10 baffle plates are axially and uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the hydraulic pulping machine, and the baffle plates are prismatic in shape to strengthen turbulent flow of materials.
A grid machine I is arranged below a discharge port of the hydropulper I and used for solid-liquid separation, large-particle-size materials are conveyed to the spiral slag extractor I, and medium-particle-size materials and liquid I flow to the hydropulper II in parallel; and a grate machine II is arranged below a discharge hole of the hydraulic pulping machine and used for re-separating solid and liquid, the medium-particle-size materials are conveyed to the spiral slag extractor II, and the fine-particle-size materials and the liquid I flow to the good pulp collecting tank in a parallel mode. The filtering aperture of the grating machine I is larger than that of the grating machine II, so that large-particle-size insoluble substances are removed firstly, medium-particle-size insoluble substances are removed, and the particle size of the insoluble substances in a finished good pulp product is controlled to be 1-10 mm; and conveying the large-particle-diameter material and the medium-particle-diameter material to an extrusion dehydrator by using a spiral slag extractor respectively, dehydrating, and then falling into a belt conveyor to enter a cement kiln for incineration.
The screw slag extractor I conveys the large-particle-size material to the extrusion dehydrator I, and liquid in the screw slag extractor I flows to the good pulp intermediate tank; the screw slag extractor II conveys the medium-particle-size materials to the extrusion dehydrator II, and liquid in the screw slag extractor II flows to a good pulp intermediate tank; the good pulp tundish is used for collecting flow state materials in the spiral slag extractor I and the spiral slag extractor II and the flow state materials extruded by the extruding dehydrator I and the extruding dehydrator II, a stirring device is arranged in the good pulp tundish and used for preventing the good pulp materials from settling, a discharge port of the good pulp tundish is connected with the good pulp conveying pump I, and the pump conveys the materials in the good pulp tundish to a hydraulic pulping machine or a good pulp collecting pool.
The extrusion dehydrator I is used for removing materials at a discharge port of the spiral slag extractor I, the materials are large-particle-size materials obtained by crushing kitchen garbage twice, performing primary hydraulic pulping and performing solid-liquid separation through the grating machine I, after extrusion dehydration, liquid materials flow to a good pulp intermediate tank, and solid materials fall into a combustible material feeding belt and enter a cement kiln for incineration; the extrusion dehydrator II is used for removing materials at a discharge port of the spiral slag extractor II, the materials are medium-particle-size materials obtained by crushing kitchen garbage twice, pulping twice by hydraulic power, performing solid-liquid separation by the grating machine I and the grating machine II, after extrusion dehydration, flowing liquid materials to a good pulp intermediate tank, enabling the solid materials to fall into a combustible material feeding belt, and then feeding the combustible material into a cement kiln for incineration.
The good pulp collecting tank is used for collecting the fluid material filtered by the grating machine II and the material in the good pulp intermediate tank; and a stirring device is also arranged in the good pulp collecting tank and used for preventing materials from settling, a discharge port of the good pulp collecting tank is connected with a good pulp delivery pump II, the finished good pulp in the good pulp collecting tank is delivered to an anaerobic fermentation tank through the good pulp delivery pump II for anaerobic fermentation, and finally methane generated by fermentation is delivered to a cement kiln decomposing furnace or a kiln hood part to replace pulverized coal for combustion.
The method for cooperatively disposing kitchen garbage by using the cement kiln specifically comprises the following steps: the kitchen waste is fed into a two-stage crushing device connected in series through a feeding device, is crushed by two crushing devices and then enters a two-stage hydraulic pulping device connected in series, the formed good pulp is fed into an anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation to generate biogas, and the generated biogas is conveyed to a cement kiln tail decomposing furnace or a kiln head cover for incineration and heating; the hydraulic pulping device removes insoluble substances with the size of more than 10mm in the slurry through a grating machine, the solid insoluble substances are conveyed to an extrusion dehydration device, and the solid insoluble substances enter a cement kiln for incineration after being extruded and dehydrated.
Has the advantages that: according to the system, the treatment of the kitchen waste is coupled with the cement kiln, so that on one hand, biomass in the kitchen waste can be fully extracted, the generated biogas energy partially replaces cement kiln fire coal to realize resource utilization, and on the other hand, other substances in the kitchen waste are completely burnt in the cement kiln after being physically treated to realize harmless treatment, so that the resource utilization and the harmless treatment of the kitchen waste are realized, the resource waste caused by direct burning is avoided, the coal quantity for the cement kiln is saved, and meanwhile, the negative influence on the production of cement clinker is avoided; meanwhile, the method can extract the biomass in the kitchen waste to the maximum extent, about 60 cubic meters of marsh gas can be generated by 1 ton of kitchen waste on average, the concentration of methane in the marsh gas is about 60 percent, and about 42 kilograms of standard coal can be replaced by the marsh gas which is converted into 1 ton of kitchen waste, so that the recycling degree of the kitchen waste is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system schematic of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a hydropulper configuration;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a multi-lobed cutting blade in a hydropulper;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a multi-lobed cutting blade in a hydropulper.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the system for treating kitchen waste by using a cement kiln comprises a feeding device, a multistage crushing device connected in series, a kitchen waste storage tank 26, a percolate collecting tank 23, a multistage hydraulic pulping device connected in series, a good pulp collecting tank 28, a multistage extrusion dehydration device corresponding to the multistage hydraulic pulping device, and an anaerobic fermentation device; the discharge port of the feeding device is connected with the crushing device, and the kitchen waste enters the kitchen waste storage pool 26 after being crushed in multiple stages; the kitchen waste in the kitchen waste storage pool 26 and the percolate in the percolate collecting pool 23 are sent into a hydraulic pulping device according to the mass ratio of 1:3, and the good pulp obtained by a multi-stage hydraulic pulping device enters a good pulp collecting pool 28; a discharge port of each stage of hydraulic pulping device is provided with a grating machine, insoluble substances with the particle size of more than 10mm in the slurry are removed by the grating machine, the insoluble substances are conveyed to an extrusion dehydration device, and the insoluble substances are incinerated in a cement kiln after moisture removal; the good pulp is anaerobically fermented in the anaerobic fermentation tank 30, and the generated biogas is conveyed to a kiln tail decomposing furnace or a kiln head cover of the cement kiln for burning and heating.
The feeding device comprises a plate type feeding machine 1, a discharging port of the plate type feeding machine 1 is provided with a scattering machine 2, and the scattering machine 2 is used for scattering massive and caking materials in the kitchen waste to ensure the feeding uniformity of the next procedure; the bottom of the plate-type feeding machine 1 is provided with a percolate pouring groove 3, and the percolate pouring groove 3 collects and guides percolate in kitchen garbage to a percolate collecting tank 23. The non-horizontal arrangement of the feeder 1 mainly aims to enable percolate in the feeder 1 to naturally flow to the low end, so as to avoid water accumulation of the percolate in the feeder 1.
The multistage tandem crushing device sequentially comprises a crusher I7 and a crusher II10, wherein the crusher I7 and the crusher II10 are double-shaft shear crushers or four-shaft shear crushers; the kitchen waste scattered by the scattering machine 2 falls on a belt conveyor I4, a belt scale 5 is arranged on the belt conveyor I4 and used for measuring the conveying amount of the kitchen waste, and an iron remover I6 is arranged above the belt conveyor I4 and used for removing magnetic metals in the kitchen waste; a belt conveyor II9 is arranged below a discharge port of the crusher I7, the belt conveyor II9 conveys the primarily crushed kitchen waste to the crusher II10, and an iron remover II8 is arranged above the belt conveyor II9 and used for removing magnetic metals in the kitchen waste again. After the kitchen waste is crushed by two stages of crushers connected in series, the final crushing granularity of the kitchen waste is controlled to be 50-80 mm; before the kitchen waste enters the first crusher, a belt scale is arranged for measuring the weight of the disposed kitchen waste; before the kitchen waste enters the first crusher and the second crusher, an iron remover is arranged to remove a small amount of possible kitchen waste such as pop-top cans, metal food packaging boxes, metal tableware and the like.
The kitchen waste storage pool 26 is located below a discharge port of the crusher II10, kitchen waste after crushing enters the kitchen waste storage pool 26 for standby, percolate in the kitchen waste storage pool 26 is collected and then conveyed to the percolate collecting pool 23 through the percolate suction pump 24, a travelling grab all-in-one machine 11 is arranged above the kitchen waste storage pool 26, the grab has a metering function and transfers the materials in the kitchen waste storage pool 26 to the small receiving bin 12, the bottom of the small receiving bin 12 is provided with the screw conveyor 13, the screw conveyor 13 uniformly conveys the materials to the hydraulic pulping machine I14 for a hydraulic pulping process, and meanwhile, the percolate in the percolate collecting pool 23 is conveyed to the hydraulic pulping device through the conveying pump 25 for the hydraulic pulping process.
The multi-stage series hydraulic pulping device sequentially comprises a hydraulic pulping machine I14 and a hydraulic pulping machine II 16; each of the hydropulper I14 and the hydropulper II16 comprises a reaction cylinder 31 with a conical bottom, a multi-blade cutting blade 32 arranged at the bottom of the cylinder 31 and a discharge valve 33 arranged at the side wall of the bottom of the cylinder 31; the top of the cylinder 31 is provided with a percolate feeding hole, a kitchen waste feeding hole and a clear water replenishing hole; 4-10 spoilers 35 extending axially are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder 31, and the baffle plates 35 are protruded in a prism shape to strengthen the spoiling of materials; the hydropulper further comprises a variable frequency motor 34 positioned outside the barrel 31, and the cutting blade 32 is driven by the variable frequency motor 34 to rotate; the hydraulic pulping device fully stirs the broken kitchen garbage and the percolate in the hydraulic pulping machine, fully stirs, cuts and breaks biomass in the kitchen garbage, so that the biomass is dissolved in the percolate to the maximum extent, and after materials with large granularity and medium granularity are separated out, a good pulp finished product is formed for anaerobic fermentation; the cutting blade 32 has four blades, and the variable frequency motor 34 adjusts the rotating speed of the cutting blade 32; the four blades are arranged in pairs in an opposite mode, each blade 321 is arranged in an upward protruding mode relative to the horizontal plane, and an included angle is formed between each blade 321 and the horizontal plane; meanwhile, the bending radian of the tips of the oppositely arranged blades are opposite in direction (one is bent towards the left side and the other is bent towards the right side), so that the oppositely arranged blades are connected to form an S-shaped radian, the width of each blade 321 is gradually reduced, the cutting blade 32 with the structure can efficiently and quickly cut kitchen garbage, and a solid-liquid mixture can be overturned up and down and fully mixed in the hydraulic pulping machine by combining the quick rotation of the cutting blade, so that dead zones are avoided, and the biochemical index of the good pulp is better.
A grating machine I15 is arranged below a discharge port of the hydropulper I14, the grating machine I15 is used for solid-liquid separation, large-particle-size materials are conveyed to the spiral slag extractor I18, and medium-particle-size materials and liquid I flow to the hydropulper II16 in parallel; a grate II17 is arranged below the discharge port of the hydropulper 16, a grate II17 is used for solid-liquid re-separation, the medium-particle-size materials are conveyed to a spiral slag extractor II19, and the fine-particle-size materials and the liquid flow to the good pulp collecting tank 28 in parallel. The filtering aperture of the grating machine I15 is larger than that of the grating machine II17, so that large-particle-size insoluble substances are removed firstly, then medium-particle-size insoluble substances are removed, and the particle size of the insoluble substances in a finished good pulp product is controlled to be 1-10 mm; and conveying the large-particle-diameter material and the medium-particle-diameter material to an extrusion dehydrator by using a spiral slag extractor respectively, dehydrating, and then falling into a belt conveyor to enter a cement kiln for incineration. After the solid insoluble substances of the kitchen garbage filtered by the grating machine are extruded and dehydrated, the water content is about 40-45%, most of the solid insoluble substances are combustible substances, and the solid insoluble substances can release certain heat energy after being burnt in a cement kiln, thereby playing a coal-saving effect; inorganic matters in the solid insoluble substances finally enter the cement kiln to be incinerated.
Wherein, the screw slag extractor I18 conveys the large-particle-size material to the extrusion dehydrator I20, and the liquid in the screw slag extractor I18 flows to the good pulp intermediate tank 36; the screw slag extractor II19 conveys the medium-particle-size materials to the extrusion dehydrator II21, and the liquid in the screw slag extractor II19 flows to the good pulp intermediate tank 36; the good pulp intermediate tank 36 is used for collecting fluid materials in the spiral slag extractor I18 and the spiral slag extractor II19 and fluid materials extruded by the extruding dehydrator I20 and the extruding dehydrator II21, a stirring device is arranged in the good pulp intermediate tank 36 and used for preventing good pulp materials from settling, a discharge port of the good pulp intermediate tank 36 is connected with a good pulp conveying pump I27, and the pump conveys the materials in the good pulp intermediate tank 36 to the hydraulic pulper 14 or the good pulp collecting tank 28, namely the materials in the good pulp intermediate tank 36 can be conveyed to the hydraulic pulper I14 for recycling through the good pulp conveying pump I27, and can also be used as finished products to enter the good pulp collecting tank 28. The extrusion dehydrator I20 is used for removing materials at a discharge port of a spiral slag extractor I18, the materials are large-particle-size materials obtained by crushing kitchen garbage twice, performing primary hydraulic pulping, performing solid-liquid separation by a grating machine I15, after extrusion dehydration, enabling liquid materials to flow to a good pulp intermediate tank 36, enabling solid materials to fall into a combustible material feeding belt 22, and feeding the combustible material into a cement kiln for incineration; the extrusion dehydrator II21 is used for removing materials at a discharge port of a spiral slag extractor II19, the materials are medium-particle-size materials obtained by crushing kitchen garbage twice, pulping twice by hydraulic power, performing solid-liquid separation by a grating machine I15 and a grating machine II17, after extrusion dehydration, the liquid materials flow to a good pulp intermediate tank 36, and the solid materials fall into a combustible material entering a kiln belt 22 and enter a cement kiln for incineration. The good pulp collecting tank 28 collects the fluid material filtered by the grate II17 and the material in the good pulp intermediate tank 36; and a stirring device is also arranged in the good pulp collecting tank 28 and used for preventing materials from settling, a discharge port of the good pulp collecting tank 28 is connected with a good pulp delivery pump II29, the finished good pulp in the good pulp collecting tank 28 is delivered to the anaerobic fermentation tank 30 through the good pulp delivery pump II29 for anaerobic fermentation, and the biogas generated by fermentation is finally delivered to the cement kiln decomposing furnace or the kiln hood part to replace pulverized coal for combustion.
The invention relates to a method for cooperatively treating kitchen garbage by using a cement kiln, which specifically comprises the following steps: kitchen waste is fed into a two-stage crushing device through a feeding device, crushed by two crushing devices and then fed into a two-stage hydraulic pulping device, materials, percolate and make-up water in a kitchen waste storage tank 26 are fed into a hydraulic pulping machine I14 according to a proportion and are fully mixed, cut, stirred and mashed, then the mixture enters a grating machine I15, insoluble substances with large particle size are removed, the mixture enters a hydraulic pulping machine II16 again, the mixture is fully mixed, cut, stirred and mashed again, the mixture enters a grating machine II17, insoluble substances with medium particle size are removed, finished good pulp is formed, the finished good pulp is fed into an anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation to generate biogas, the generated biogas is conveyed to a cement kiln tail decomposing furnace or a kiln head cover for incineration and heating, the generated biogas slurry enters a subsequent conventional water treatment system to realize reclaimed water recycling and zero discharge of wastewater, and the generated biogas residue can be used as a crop fertilizer, or burning in a cement kiln; the hydraulic pulping device removes insoluble substances with the size of more than 10mm in the slurry through a grating machine, the solid insoluble substances are conveyed to an extrusion dehydration device, and the solid insoluble substances enter a cement kiln for incineration after being extruded and dehydrated.
Table 1 shows biochemical indexes of good pulp prepared when the rotating speed of a multi-blade cutting blade of a pulping machine is 500r/min and the adding mass ratio of kitchen garbage to percolate in the pulping machine is 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 respectively; table 2 shows biochemical indexes of the good pulp prepared when the rotating speed of a multi-blade cutting blade of the pulping machine is 1000r/min and the adding mass ratio of kitchen garbage to percolate is 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 respectively; table 3 shows biochemical indexes of the good pulp prepared when the rotating speed of a multi-blade cutting blade of the pulping machine is 1500r/min and the adding mass ratio of the kitchen garbage to the percolate is 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 respectively.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
As can be seen from tables 1 to 3, the faster the rotation speed of the hydropulper is, the higher COD (chemical oxygen demand) and VS (volatile organic matter) of the prepared fine pulp are, the more biogas production is facilitated; under the same rotating speed, the higher the proportion of kitchen garbage and leachate entering the hydraulic pulping machine is, the higher the COD (chemical oxygen demand) and VS (volatile organic matter) of the prepared good pulp are, and the more the good pulp is beneficial to generating biogas.
The method combines the cement kiln and the treatment of the kitchen garbage, breaks down the biomass such as food wastes such as leftovers, bones, vegetable roots, vegetable leaves, fruit peels and the like in the kitchen garbage into slurry, sufficiently extracts the biomass in the slurry to carry out anaerobic fermentation to generate biogas, and introduces the biogas into the cement kiln to burn to replace partial coal dust and burn to release heat; synchronously, combustible substances such as a small amount of wood chopsticks, packaging bags and the like in the kitchen waste are separated and then directly fed into a cement kiln for harmless incineration, meanwhile, a small amount of inorganic substances such as bowls, spoons, soil and the like in the kitchen waste are partially fed into the kiln along with the combustible substances for incineration, so that the production of the cement kiln cannot be influenced, and partial soil also enters an anaerobic fermentation system along with fine slurry and is finally discharged in the form of biogas residues and sludge, and finally is pumped into the cement kiln for incineration, so that the production of the cement kiln cannot be influenced.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a system for utilize cement kiln to deal with kitchen garbage in coordination which characterized in that: the device comprises a feeding device, a multistage crushing device connected in series, a kitchen waste storage pool (26), a percolate collecting pool (23), a multistage hydraulic pulping device connected in series, a good pulp collecting pool (28), a multistage extrusion dehydration device corresponding to the multistage hydraulic pulping device and an anaerobic fermentation device; the discharge port of the feeding device is connected with the crushing device, and the kitchen waste enters a kitchen waste storage pool (26) after being crushed in multiple stages; kitchen waste in the kitchen waste storage pool (26) and percolate in the percolate collecting pool (23) are sent into a hydraulic pulping device according to the mass ratio of 1:3, and good pulp obtained by a multi-stage hydraulic pulping device enters a good pulp collecting pool (28); a discharge port of each stage of hydraulic pulping device is provided with a grating machine, the grating machine removes insoluble substances in the slurry, the insoluble substances are conveyed to an extrusion dehydration device, and the insoluble substances are incinerated in a cement kiln after moisture removal; the good pulp is anaerobically fermented in an anaerobic fermentation tank (30), and the generated biogas is conveyed to a kiln tail decomposing furnace or a kiln head cover of the cement kiln for burning and heating.
2. The system for co-disposing kitchen waste with a cement kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the feeding device comprises a plate type feeding machine (1), and a discharging hole of the plate type feeding machine (1) is provided with a scattering machine (2); the bottom of the plate-type feeding machine (1) is provided with a percolate pouring groove (3), and the percolate in the kitchen garbage is collected and guided to a percolate collecting tank (23) by the percolate pouring groove (3).
3. The system for co-disposing kitchen waste with a cement kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the multistage tandem crushing device sequentially comprises a crusher I (7) and a crusher II (10), wherein the crusher I (7) and the crusher II (10) are double-shaft shear crushers or four-shaft shear crushers; the crusher also comprises a belt conveyor I (4) positioned at the discharge port of the breaker (2) and a belt conveyor II (9) positioned at the discharge port of the crusher I (7); the belt conveyor I (4) and the belt conveyor II (9) are respectively provided with an iron remover I (6) and an iron remover II (8); after the kitchen waste is crushed by two-stage serial crushers, the granularity of the kitchen waste is 50-80 mm.
4. The system for co-disposing kitchen waste with a cement kiln according to claim 1, wherein: the kitchen waste storage pool (26) is positioned below the discharge hole of the crusher II (10), and percolate at the bottom of the kitchen waste storage pool (26) is pumped into a percolate collecting pool (23) by a pump; garbage in the kitchen garbage storage pool (26) is conveyed to the hydraulic pulping device through a conveying device, and meanwhile leachate in the leachate collection pool (23) is conveyed to the hydraulic pulping device through a pump; the conveying device comprises a travelling crane grab bucket all-in-one machine (11) positioned above the kitchen waste storage pool (26), a small receiving bin (12) and a spiral conveyor (13) arranged below the small receiving bin (12).
5. The system for co-disposing kitchen waste with a cement kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the multi-stage tandem hydraulic pulping device sequentially comprises a hydraulic pulping machine I (14) and a hydraulic pulping machine II (16); the hydropulper I (14) and the hydropulper II (16) respectively comprise a reaction cylinder body (31) with a conical bottom, a multi-blade cutting blade (32) arranged at the bottom of the cylinder body (31) and a discharge valve (33) arranged at the side wall of the bottom of the cylinder body (31); the top of the cylinder body (31) is provided with a percolate feeding hole, a kitchen garbage feeding hole and a clear water replenishing hole; a plurality of axial spoilers (35) are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the cylinder body (31) along the circumferential direction, and the spoilers (35) are protruded on the inner wall of the cylinder body (31) in a prismatic shape; the cutting blade device is characterized by further comprising a variable frequency motor (34) located outside the barrel body (31), and the cutting blade (32) is driven by the variable frequency motor (34) to rotate.
6. The system for co-disposing kitchen waste with a cement kiln as claimed in claim 5, wherein: a grating machine I (15) is arranged below a discharge port of the hydropulper I (14), the grating machine I (15) conveys materials with the particle size of more than 20mm to the spiral slag extractor I (18), and the materials with the particle size of less than 20mm and the liquid I flow to the hydropulper II (16) in a parallel mode; a grating machine II (17) is arranged below a discharge hole of the hydropulper (16), the grating machine II (17) conveys materials with the particle size of more than 10mm to the spiral slag extractor II (19), and the materials with the particle size of less than 10mm and the liquid flow to the good pulp collecting tank (28) in parallel.
7. The system for co-disposing kitchen waste with a cement kiln as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the screw slag extractor I (18) conveys the materials to the extrusion dehydrator I (20), and liquid in the screw slag extractor I (18) flows to a good pulp intermediate tank (36); the screw slag extractor II (19) conveys the materials to the extrusion dehydrator II (21), and liquid in the screw slag extractor II (19) flows to a good pulp intermediate tank (36); the good pulp intermediate tank (36) collects the fluid materials in the spiral slag extractor I (18) and the spiral slag extractor II (19) and the fluid materials extruded by the extruding dehydrator I (20) and the extruding dehydrator II (21), and the good pulp intermediate tank (36) conveys the materials in the good pulp intermediate tank into the hydraulic pulper (14) or the good pulp collecting tank (28) through the good pulp conveying pump I (27).
8. The system for co-disposing kitchen waste with a cement kiln as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the extrusion dehydrator I (20) extrudes and dehydrates the materials conveyed into the extrusion dehydrator I and then sends the materials into a cement kiln through a combustible material feeding belt (22) to be burned; the extrusion dehydrator II (21) extrudes and dehydrates the materials conveyed into the extrusion dehydrator II and then sends the materials into a cement kiln for incineration through a combustible material feeding belt (22).
9. The system for co-disposing kitchen waste with a cement kiln as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the good pulp collecting tank (28) collects the fluid material filtered by the grating machine II (17) and the material in the good pulp intermediate tank (36); the good pulp collecting tank (28) conveys the finished good pulp to an anaerobic fermentation tank (30) through a good pulp conveying pump II (29) for anaerobic fermentation, and the methane generated by fermentation is finally conveyed to a cement kiln decomposing furnace or a kiln hood to replace pulverized coal for combustion.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the method for co-disposing kitchen waste by using a cement kiln comprises: the kitchen waste is fed into a two-stage crushing device through a feeding device, is crushed by two crushing devices and then enters a two-stage hydraulic pulping device, the formed good pulp is fed into an anaerobic fermentation tank (30) for anaerobic fermentation to generate biogas, and the generated biogas is conveyed to a cement kiln tail decomposing furnace or a kiln head cover for incineration and heating; the hydraulic pulping device removes insoluble substances with the size of more than 10mm in the slurry through a grating machine, the solid insoluble substances are conveyed to an extrusion dehydration device, and the solid insoluble substances enter a cement kiln for incineration after being extruded and dehydrated.
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| CN115608744A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2023-01-17 | 广州市晶科电器有限公司 | Kitchen waste conversion feed equipment |
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