CN114470215A - Sarm1酶活性抑制剂及其在神经退行性疾病中的应用 - Google Patents
Sarm1酶活性抑制剂及其在神经退行性疾病中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114470215A CN114470215A CN202011264827.5A CN202011264827A CN114470215A CN 114470215 A CN114470215 A CN 114470215A CN 202011264827 A CN202011264827 A CN 202011264827A CN 114470215 A CN114470215 A CN 114470215A
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Abstract
本公开提供了SARM1酶活性抑制剂在治疗神经退行性疾病或神经性疾病或病症中的应用,本发明特别提供了作为SARM1酶活性抑制剂的式(a)化合物及其药物组合物。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及可用于抑制SARM1酶活性的化合物,和/或这些化合物在治疗和/或预防与SARM1酶活性相关的神经退行性或神经性疾病或病症中的应用。
背景技术
神经退行性疾病是一类可以严重危害人类的疾病,其可以造成破坏性伤害,如神经细胞死亡的渐进性疾病。作为首要的神经变性疾病,已经知道的有阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease)、帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease)、肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化(ALS)、亨廷顿病(Hantington’s disease)等中枢神经疾病和如糖尿病等外围性神经疾病。其中大多数与衰老有关,实际上这些疾病的发作随着年龄的增加而增加,然而也存在发作于中年人甚至更年轻者身上的情况。
作为大脑结构和功能的研究结果,神经递质和神经营养因子的作用已逐步地阐明,但是有关神经变性的很多局部原因还不清楚。仅对帕金森病,阐明了该疾病与特殊的神经递质即多巴胺之间的关系,已用多巴胺的前体L-多巴作为减轻神经症状和恢复神经功能的药物。但是,L-多巴不能抑制神经变性的发展,而且随着病情的发展逐渐地丧失其作用,即多巴胺基的神经细胞变性和缺损。同样,阿尔茨海默病也是多种神经细胞如乙酰胆碱基神经细胞、一元胺基神经细胞等的变性和缺损引起的,作为治疗这种疾病的药物,胆碱酯酶抑制剂已投放市场或正在开发。不过,治疗帕金森病的L-多巴仍限于症候治疗,以暂时改善神经症状。
因此,至今对于神经退行性疾病而言,尤其缺乏有效的治疗药物。
研究发现,神经轴突损伤出现于多种神经退行性疾病、意外损伤等神经系统疾病中。轴突退化可引起周围神经系统结构坏死与功能紊乱,最终导致获得性或遗传性中枢神经系统退行性病变。
尽管目前还没有一套非常有效的药理学方法能够精确评估轴突退化所导致的发病率的权重,但是已经在组织病理学研究中发现,在阿尔兹海默病(Alzheimer’sdisease)、帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease)、多发性硬化症(multiple sclerosis)、肌萎缩性硬化症(amyotrophic lateral sclerosis)、外周神经病变(peripheral neuropathy)等多种神经病变早期观察到显著的轴突损伤降解,表明轴突退化在神经病变发生发展中有重要作用(Fischer等,Neuro-degenerative Diseases,2007年,4:431-442)。因此,通过减弱甚至阻断轴突退化,维持神经元结构和功能的完整可能是使多种神经系统疾病受益的治疗方案。
在缺乏针对神经退行性疾病的有效治疗药物的情况下,现有技术迫切需要研究开发新的化合物,尤其是化学小分子,包括对神经轴突变性有作用的化合物。
发明内容
本发明人经过长期研究,意外发现一类具有显著的SARM1酶活性抑制作用的化合物,并且发现所述化合物可改善轴突变性,并用于治疗或预防神经退行性疾病及其相关病症。
SARM1由三个结构域组成,分别是氮端的ARM(Armadillo/HEAT repeat)结构域、两个串联的SAM(Sterile alpha motif)结构域、和碳端TIR(Toll/Interleukin Receptor)结构域,此外在氮端还有一段线粒体定位信号肽。
已经知道,在野生型神经元中,轴突损伤诱导NAD+耗竭和轴突变性;敲除SARM1抑制轴突变性,且NAD+维持在正常水平,表明SARM1促进NAD+的消耗,加剧了轴突变性。
美国华盛顿大学医学院的Milbrandt课题组制备了SARM1的TIR结构域(SARM1-TIR)并发现它具有NAD+水解酶活性。进一步通过严格的大肠杆菌表达纯化实验和无细胞表达系统获得高纯度的SARM1-TIR,最终证明SARM1-TIR能够催化NAD+产生腺苷二磷酸核糖(Adenosine 5’-diphosphate ribose,ADPR)和环腺苷二磷酸核糖(Cyclic adenosine 5’-diphosphate ribose,cADPR)。
SARM1是一个多功能信号酶,能够催化多种底物NAD+、NADP+和NA等生成信号分子cADPR、ADPR和NAADP等。在多种神经退行性疾病中,SARM1被激活,导致NAD+耗竭,进而启动一个全新的细胞死亡机制;敲除SARM1能够抑制轴突变性和疾病进程,因此被认为是相关神经疾病的潜在药物靶点,包括TBI、AD、CIPN、ASL等。
本公开中,发明人制备了全长SARM1,用于NAD酶活性实验,并用来筛选和获得了本发明的具有酶活性抑制能力的化合物分子。
因此,基于上述发现,在第一方面,本发明提供了SARM1酶活性抑制剂在制备用于治疗或预防神经退行性疾病或神经性疾病或病症中的应用。
在另一方面,本发明提供了SARM1酶活性抑制剂在制备用于治疗或预防轴突变性相关疾病或病症中的应用。
特别地,本发明提供了可作为SARM1酶活性抑制剂的式(a)化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其前药:
其中,
X选自-NRa-、-N-和-S-,
M选自-NRaRb、-NRa、氧基(=O)、-ORb和-SRb,
Y选自-NRa-、-N=、=CH-和=CRc-,
Z选自-NRaRb、-NRa、氧基(=O)和-ORb,
其中所述Ra、Rb各自独立地选自氢、C1-C10烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C6-C10芳基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基氨基、C1-C3烷基硫基、C1-C3烷基磺酰基、C1-C3烷基酰基、C1-C3烷基氨基酰基和C1-C3烷基氨基磺酰基;其中所述C1-C10烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C6-C10芳基、C6-C10芳基氨基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基氨基、C1-C3烷基硫基、C1-C3烷基磺酰基、C1-C3烷基酰基、C1-C3烷基氨基酰基和C1-C3烷基氨基磺酰基任选地被1个、2个或3个选自以下的取代基所取代:选自氟、氯、溴和碘的卤素,硝基、氰基、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、卤代C1-C3烷基、卤代C1-C3烷基硫基、C3-C8环烷基C1-C3烷基;
其中所述Rc独立地选自氢、-CN、-CO2NHRa、-CO2Ra、-NO2、-CF3和Ra。
在一个优选的方面,本发明的所述式(a)化合物为式I化合物:
其中,R1和R3独立地选自:氢、C1-C10烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C6-C10芳基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基氨基、C1-C3烷基硫基、C1-C3烷基磺酰基、C1-C3烷基酰基、C1-C3烷基氨基酰基和C1-C3烷基氨基磺酰基;其中所述C1-C10烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C6-C10芳基、C6-C10芳基氨基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基氨基、C1-C3烷基硫基、C1-C3烷基磺酰基、C1-C3烷基酰基、C1-C3烷基氨基酰基和C1-C3烷基氨基磺酰基任选地被1个、2个或3个选自以下的取代基所取代:选自氟、氯、溴和碘的卤素,硝基、氰基、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、卤代C1-C3烷基、卤代C1-C3烷基硫基、C3-C8环烷基C1-C3烷基。
在另一个优选的方面,本发明的所述式(a)化合物为式II-a化合物式II-b化合物:
其中,
式II-a中M选自-NRaRb,式II-b中M选自氧、硫和-NRa;
Z选自-NRaRb和-ORb;
R1’独立地选自Ra;R3’独立地选自氢、-CN、-CO2NHRa、-CO2Ra、-NO2、-CF3和Ra;
其中所述Ra、Rb如前述所定义;
或者,R3’和Z可以连接形成一个五至七元环。
在又一个优选的方面,本发明的所述式(a)化合物为式III化合物:
其中R5和R6独立地选自:氢、C1-C10烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C6-C10芳基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基氨基、C1-C3烷基硫基、C1-C3烷基磺酰基、C1-C3烷基酰基、C1-C3烷基氨基酰基和C1-C3烷基氨基磺酰基;其中所述C1-C10烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C6-C10芳基、C6-C10芳基氨基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基氨基、C1-C3烷基硫基、C1-C3烷基磺酰基、C1-C3烷基酰基、C1-C3烷基氨基酰基和C1-C3烷基氨基磺酰基任选地被1个、2个或3个选自以下的取代基所取代:选自氟、氯、溴和碘的卤素,硝基、氰基、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、卤代C1-C3烷基、卤代C1-C3烷基硫基、C3-C8环烷基C1-C3烷基。
在本发明的式(a)化合物中,优选地,Ra、Rb独立地选自:C1-C3烷基;苯基、苄基和萘基,其中所述苯基、苄基和萘基任选地被甲基、异丙基、三氟甲基、氟、氯或硝基所取代;环丙基甲基;氰基;羟基。
在本发明的式I、式II-a、式II-b和式III化合物中,优选地,R1、R3、R1’、R3’、R5和R6各自独立地选自:C1-C3烷基;苯基、苄基和萘基,其中所述苯基、苄基和萘基任选地被甲基、异丙基、三氟甲基、氟、氯或硝基所取代;环丙基甲基;氰基;羟基。
在一些更优选的实施方案中,式I化合物中的R1、R3各自独立地选自:甲基、苄基、苯基、萘基、对甲基苯基、对氟苯基、异丙基苯基、三氟甲硫基苯基、硝基、甲基或氯取代的苯基、环丙基甲基、三氟甲基取代的苯基。
本发明的特别优选的化合物是选自以下的那些化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐或其前药:
本发明的更优选的一些化合物是选自以下的那些化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或其前药:
在本发明的另一个方面,提供了作为SARM1酶活性抑制剂的式IV化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其前药:
其中,
W选自-CH2-、-C(O)-、-O-、-S-和-NR5-,
R5选自氢、C1-C10烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C6-C10芳基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基氨基、C1-C3烷基硫基、C1-C3烷基磺酰基、C1-C3烷基酰基、C1-C3烷基氨基酰基和C1-C3烷基氨基磺酰基;其中所述C1-C10烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C6-C10芳基、C6-C10芳基氨基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基氨基、C1-C3烷基硫基、C1-C3烷基磺酰基、C1-C3烷基酰基、C1-C3烷基氨基酰基和C1-C3烷基氨基磺酰基任选地被1个、2个或3个选自以下的取代基所取代:选自氟、氯、溴和碘的卤素,硝基、氰基、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、卤代C1-C3烷基、卤代C1-C3烷基硫基、C3-C8环烷基C1-C3烷基;
R7和R8独立地选自羟基、氯、溴、C1-C10烷基和C1-C3烷氧基;
m和n独立地选自0、1、2和3。
对于所述式IV化合物而言,优选的化合物为选自以下的那些化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或其前药:
在本发明的另一方面,提供了作为SARM1酶活性抑制剂的以下化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或其前药:
在本发明的另一方面,提供了作为SARM1酶活性抑制剂的下式VI化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或其前药:
其中,
L选自C1-C6烷基、C6-C10芳基和C6-C10杂芳基,所述C1-C6烷基、C6-C10芳基和C6-C10杂芳基任选地被1个或2个选自以下的取代基所取代:选自氟、氯、溴的卤素,C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C3-C8环烷基;
A选自氨基磺酰基、氨基酰基和C1-C5烷基氨基;
R9选自C6-C10芳基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基和C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基,其中所述C6-C10芳基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基和C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基任选地被1个、2个选自以下的取代基所取代:选自氟、氯、溴的卤素,C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C3-C8环烷基、C6-C10芳基氨基、二(C6-C10芳基)氨基。
在本发明的又一方面,提供了作为SARM1酶活性抑制剂的选自以下的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或其前药:
本发明还涉及药物组合物,其包含本发明上述的作为SARM1酶活性抑制剂的化合物,以及任选地可药用载体或赋形剂。
本发明还涉及一种治疗或预防神经退行性疾病或与之相关的神经性疾病或病症的方法,包括向有此需要的对象给予本发明的作为SARM1酶活性抑制剂的化合物。特别地,本发明一种涉及治疗或预防轴突变性相关疾病或病症的方法,包括向有此需要的对象给予本发明的作为SARM1酶活性抑制剂的化合物。更特别地,本发明涉及一种SARM1酶活性抑制方法,包括向有此需要的对象给予本发明的化合物;更特别地,本发明涉及一种抑制轴突退化的方法,包括向有此需要的对象给予本发明的化合物。本发明的化合物或组合物可以有效量给予所需要的对象或患者。
具体实施方式
术语
在本发明使用的术语中,“神经退行性疾病”与“神经变性疾病”具有相同的含义;“轴突退化”与“轴突变性”具有相同的含义。本领域技术人员能够理解,所述术语具有通常理解的含义。
在本文中,当提及具有特定结构式的“化合物”时,一般地还涵盖其立体异构体、非对映异构体、对映异构体、外消旋混合物和同位素衍生物。
本领域技术人员公知,除了化合物的盐外,溶剂合物、水合物是化合物的替代性存在形式,它们都可以在一定条件下转化为所述化合物,因此,当在本文中当提到一种化合物时,一般地还包括它的溶剂合物和水合物。
相似地,在本文中当提到一种化合物时,一般地还包括其前药、代谢产物和氮氧化物。
本发明所述的可药用盐可使用例如以下的无机酸或有机酸而形成:“可药用盐”是指这样的盐,在合理的医学判断范围内,其适用于接触人和哺乳动物的组织,而没有不适当的毒性、刺激性、过敏反应等,称得上合理的受益/风险比。可以在本发明化合物的最终分离和纯化期间原位制备所述盐,或单独通过将游离碱或游离酸与合适的试剂反应制备所述盐。例如,游离碱功能可以与合适的酸反应。此外,当本发明的化合物带有酸性部分,其合适的可药用盐可包括金属盐,例如碱金属盐(如钠盐或钾盐);和碱土金属盐(如钙盐或镁盐)。可药用的无毒酸加成盐的示例是氨基与无机酸(例如,盐酸、氢溴酸、磷酸、硫酸和高氯酸)或有机酸(例如,醋酸、草酸、马来酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、琥珀酸或丙二酸)形成的盐,或通过使用现有技术中的其他方法如离子交换形成的盐。其他可药用盐包括海藻酸钠、抗坏血酸盐、苯磺酸盐、己二酸盐、樟脑磺酸盐、天门冬氨酸盐、苯甲酸盐、硫酸氢盐、硼酸盐、丁酸盐、樟脑酸盐、柠檬酸盐、十二烷基硫酸盐、乙磺酸盐、甲酸盐、富马酸盐、葡庚糖酸盐、甘油磷酸盐、葡萄糖酸盐、庚酸盐、己酸盐、氢碘酸盐、乳糖酸盐、乳酸盐、月桂酸盐、月桂基硫酸盐、苹果酸盐、马来酸盐、丙二酸盐、甲磺酸盐、2-萘磺酸盐、烟酸盐、硝酸盐、油酸盐、草酸盐、棕榈酸盐、扑酸盐、果胶酸盐、过硫酸盐、3-苯丙酸盐、磷酸盐、苦味盐、新戊酸盐、丙酸盐、硬脂酸盐、琥珀酸盐、硫酸盐、酒石酸盐、硫氰酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、十一酸盐、戊酸盐等。代表性碱金属或碱土金属盐包括钠、锂、钾、钙、镁等的盐。其他可药用盐包括(适当时)无毒铵盐、季铵盐和用反离子形成的胺阳离子,例如,卤化物、氢氧化物、羧酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、硝酸盐、低级烷基磺酸盐和芳基磺酸盐。
本发明的可药用盐可通过常规方法制备,例如通过将本发明的化合物溶解于与水可混溶的有机溶剂(例如甲醇、乙醇、丙酮和乙腈),向其中添加过量的有机酸或无机酸水溶液,以使得盐从所得混合物中沉淀,从中除去溶剂和剩余的游离酸,然后分离所沉淀的盐。
本发明所述的“溶剂合物”意指本发明化合物与一个或多个溶剂分子(无论有机的还是无机的)的物理缔合。该物理缔合包括氢键。在某些情形中,例如当一个或多个溶剂分子纳入结晶固体的晶格中时,溶剂化物将能够被分离。溶剂化物中的溶剂分子可按规则排列和/或无序排列存在。溶剂合物可包含化学计量或非化学计量的溶剂分子。“溶剂合物”涵盖溶液相和可分离的溶剂合物。示例性溶剂合物包括但不限于水合物、乙醇合物、甲醇合物和异丙醇合物。溶剂化方法是本领域公知的。
本发明所述的“立体异构”分为构象异构和构型异构,构型异构还可分为顺反异构和旋光异构(即光学异构),构象异构是指具有一定构型的有机物分子由于碳、碳单键的旋转或扭曲而使得分子各原子或原子团在空间产生不同的排列方式的一种立体异构现象,常见的有烷烃和环烷烃类化合物的结构,如环己烷结构中出现的椅式构象和船式构象。“立体异构体”是指当本发明化合物含有一个或多个不对称中心,因而可作为外消旋体和外消旋混合物、单一对映异构体、非对映异构体混合物和单一非对映异构体。本发明化合物有不对称中心,每个不对称中心会产生两个光学异构体,本发明的范围包括所有可能的光学异构体和非对映异构体混合物和纯的或部分纯的化合物。
特别地,本发明所述的化合物可以以互变异构体形式存在,其通过一个或多个双键位移而具有不同的氢的连接点。例如,酮和它的烯醇形式是酮-烯醇互变异构体。各互变异构体及其混合物都包括在本发明的化合物中。所有化合物的对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体、内消旋体、顺反异构体、互变异构体、几何异构体、差向异构体及其混合物等,均包括在本发明范围中。
本发明的“同位素衍生物”是指在本专利中化合物被同位素标记的分子。通常用作同位素标记的同位素是:氢同位素,2H和3H;碳同位素:11C,13C和14C;氯同位素:35Cl和37Cl;氟同位素:18F;碘同位素:123I和125I;氮同位素:13N和15N;氧同位素:15O,17O和18O和硫同位素35S。这些同位素标记化合物可以用来研究药用分子在组织中的分布情况。某些重同位素,比如重氢(2H),的取代能增强代谢的稳定性,延长半衰期从而达到减少剂量的目而提供疗效优势的。同位素标记的化合物一般从已被标记的起始物开始,用已知的合成技术象合成非同位素标记的化合物一样来完成其合成。
当将本发明化合物可以与另外的SARM1酶活性抑制剂联用用于治疗或预防神经退行性疾病或相关的神经性疾病或病症,或者可以与另外的用于治疗或预防神经退行性疾病或相关的神经性疾病或病症的活性药物联用,用于治疗或预防神经退行性疾病或相关疾病或病症。
本发明的化合物或其可药用盐可作为活性成分通过口服或肠胃外施用,其有效量的范围为在哺乳动物包括人(体重约70kg)的情况下0.1至2000mg/kg体重/天、优选0.1至100mg/kg体重/天,并且每天以单次或分次剂量,或者遵循/不遵循预定时间施用。活性成分的剂量可根据多个相关因素(例如待治疗对象的情况、疾病类型和严重性、施用速率和医生意见)进行调整。在某些情况下,小于以上剂量的量可能是合适的。
可根据常规方法中的任何一种将本发明药物组合物配制成用于口服施用或肠胃外施用(包括肌内、静脉内和皮下途径、瘤内注射)的剂型,例如片剂、颗粒、粉末、胶囊、糖浆、乳剂、微乳剂、溶液或混悬液。
用于口服施用的本发明药物组合物可通过将活性成分与例如以下的载体混合来制备:纤维素、硅酸钙、硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钙、玉米淀粉、乳糖、蔗糖、右旋糖、磷酸钙、硬脂酸、表面活性剂、助悬剂、明胶、滑石、乳化剂和稀释剂。在本发明的注射组合物中采用的载体的实例是水、甘油酯、盐溶液、葡萄糖样溶液(glucose-like solution)、醇、二醇、葡萄糖溶液、醚(例如,聚乙二醇400)、油、脂肪酸、脂肪酸酯、表面活性剂、助悬剂和乳化剂。
如果无另外说明,使用质谱、核磁、HPLC、蛋白化学、生物化学、重组DNA技术和药理的常规方法。在本申请中,如果无另外说明,使用“或”或“和”指“和/或”。
在说明书和权利要求书中,给定化学式或名称应涵盖所有立体和光学异构体及其中存在上述异构体的外消旋物。除非另外指明,否则所有手性(对映异构体和非对映异构体)和外消旋形式均在本发明范围内。所述化合物中还可存在C=C双键、C=N双键、环系统等的许多几何异构体,且所有上述稳定异构体均涵盖于本发明内。本发明描述了本发明化合物的顺式-和反式-(或E-和Z-)几何异构体,且其可分离成异构体的混合物或分开的异构体形式。
本发明化合物可以光学活性或外消旋形式加以分离。用于制备本发明化合物和其中制备的中间体的所有方法均视为本发明的部分。在制备对映异构体或非对映异构体产物时,其可通过常规方法(例如通过色谱或分段结晶)进行分离。应当理解的是,可存在的所有互变异构体形式均包括在本发明内。本发明的化合物当作为现有技术已知化合物时可以通过商购获得。
除非另有定义,否则当取代基被标注为“任选取代”时,所述取代基选自例如以下取代基,诸如烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂环基、卤素、羟基、烷氧基、硝基、氰基、氧代、烷酰基、芳基氧基、烷酰基氧基、氨基、烷基氨基、芳基氨基、烷基硫基等。
本文使用的术语“烷基”或“亚烷基”意欲包括具有指定碳原子数的支链和直链饱和脂族烃基团。本发明中的烷基优选C1-C10烷基、C1-C8烷基,更优选C1-C6烷基,特别优选C1-C4烷基,尤其是C1-C3烷基。例如,“C1-C6烷基”表示具有1个至6个碳原子的烷基。烷基的实例包括但不限于甲基(Me)、乙基(Et)、丙基(例如正丙基和异丙基)、丁基(例如正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基)和戊基(例如正戊基、异戊基、新戊基)。
术语“烷氧基”或“烷基氧基”是指-O-烷基。例如,“C1-C6烷氧基”(或烷基氧基)意欲包括C1、C2、C3、C4、C5、C6烷氧基。优选的烷氧基为C1-C10烷氧基、C1-C8烷氧基,更优选C1-C6烷氧基,特别优选C1-C4烷氧基,尤其是C1-C3烷氧基。烷氧基的实例包括但不限于甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基(例如正丙氧基和异丙氧基)和叔丁氧基。类似地,“烷基硫基”或“硫代烷氧基”表示具有指定数量碳原子的经硫桥连接的如上文所定义的烷基;例如甲基-S-和乙基-S-。同样,优选的烷基硫基为C1-C10烷基硫基、C1-C8烷基硫基,更优选C1-C6烷基硫基,特别优选C1-C4烷基硫基,尤其是C1-C3烷基硫基。
术语“羰基”是指由碳和氧两种原子通过双键连接而成的有机官能团(C=O)。
术语“芳基”,单独或作为较大部分诸如“芳烷基”、“芳烷氧基”或“芳基氧基烷基”的部分,是指具有总计6至14个环成员的单环、二环或三环的环系统,其中所述系统中的至少一个环为芳族的且其中所述系统中的每个环含有3至7个环成员。在本发明的某些实施方案中,“芳基”是指芳族环系统,其包括但不限于苯基、萘基、联苯基、茚满基、1-萘基、2-萘基和四氢萘基。本发明的芳基优选C6-C10芳基。术语“芳烷基”或“芳基烷基”是指连接至芳基环的烷基残基。非限制性实例包括苄基、苯乙基等。
术语“环烷基”是指环状烷基,其可为单环或二环。本发明的环烷基优选C3-C8环烷基,包括但不限于环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基和降莰烷基。
“卤代”或“卤素”包括氟、氯、溴和碘。“卤代烷基”意欲包括具有指定碳原子数且取代有1个或多个卤素的支链和直链饱和脂族烃基团。卤代烷基的实例包括但不限于氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、三氯甲基、五氟乙基、五氯乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、七氟丙基和七氯丙基。卤代烷基的实例还包括意欲包括具有指定碳原子数且取代有1个或多个氟原子的支链和直链饱和脂族烃基团的氟代烷基,特别优选的是三氟甲基。
卤代烷氧基表示具有指定数量碳原子的经氧桥连接的如上文所定义的卤代烷基。例如,“C1-C6卤代烷氧基”意欲包括C1、C2、C3、C4、C5、C6卤代烷氧基。卤代烷氧基的实例包括但不限于三氟甲氧基、2,2,2-三氟乙氧基和五氟乙氧基。类似地,“卤代烷基硫基”或“硫代卤代烷氧基”表示具有指定数量碳原子的经硫桥连接的如上文所定义的卤代烷基;例如三氟甲基-S-和五氟乙基-S-。
本公开内容中,一个或更多个卤素可以各自独立地选自氟、氯、溴和碘。
术语“杂芳基”意指稳定的3元、4元、5元、6元、或7元芳香单环或7元、8元、9元、10元的芳香二环或芳香多环杂环,其为完全不饱和的、部分不饱和的,且其含有碳原子和1个、2个、3个或4个独立地选自N、O和S的杂原子。氮和硫杂原子可任选地被氧化。氮原子为取代的或未取代的(即N或NR,其中R为H或如果被定义,则为另一取代基)。杂环可在得到稳定结构的任何杂原子或碳原子处连接至其侧基。如果所得化合物是稳定的,则本文所述的杂环基可在碳或氮原子上被取代。杂环中的氮可任选地被季铵化。优选地,当杂环中S和O原子的总数超过1时,则这些杂原子彼此不相邻。优选地,杂环中S和O原子的总数不大于1。当使用术语“杂环”时,其意欲包括杂芳基。芳杂基的实施例包括但不限于吖啶基、氮杂环丁基、吖辛因基、苯并咪唑基、苯并呋喃基、苯并硫代呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噁唑基、苯并噁唑啉基、苯并噻唑基、苯并三唑基、苯并四唑基、苯并异噁唑基、苯并异噻唑基、苯并咪唑啉基、咔唑基、4aH-咔唑基、咔啉基、色满基、色烯基、噌啉基、十氢喹啉基、2H,6H-1,5,2-二噻嗪基、二氢呋喃并[2,3-b]四氢呋喃基、呋喃基、呋咱基、咪唑烷基、咪唑啉基、咪唑基、1H-吲唑基、咪唑并吡啶基、假吲哚基(indolenyl)、二氢吲哚基、吲嗪基、吲哚基、3H-吲哚基、靛红酰基(isatinoyl)、异苯并呋喃基、异色满基、异吲唑基、异二氢吲哚基、异吲哚基、异喹啉基、异噻唑基、异噻唑并吡啶基、异噁唑基、异噁唑并吡啶基、亚甲基二氧基苯基、吗啉基、二氮杂萘基、八氢异喹啉基、噁二唑基、1,2,3-噁二唑基、1,2,4-噁二唑基、1,2,5-噁二唑基、1,3,4-噁二唑基、噁唑烷基、噁唑基、噁唑并吡啶基、噁唑烷基、萘嵌间二氮杂苯基、羟吲哚基、嘧啶基、菲啶基、菲咯啉基、吩嗪基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁噻基、吩噁嗪基、酞嗪基、哌嗪基、哌啶基、哌啶酮基、4-哌啶酮基、胡椒基、喋啶基、嘌呤基、吡喃基、吡嗪基、吡唑烷基、吡唑啉基、吡唑并吡啶基、吡唑基、哒嗪基、吡啶并噁唑基、吡啶并咪唑基、吡啶并噻唑基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡咯烷基、吡咯啉基、2-吡咯烷酮基、2H-吡咯基、吡咯基、喹唑啉基、喹啉基、4H-喹嗪基、喹喔啉基、奎宁环基、四唑基、四氢呋喃基、四氢异喹啉基、四氢喹啉基、6H-1,2,5-噻二嗪基、1,2,3-噻二唑基、1,2,4-噻二唑基、1,2,5-噻二唑基、1,3,4-噻二唑基、噻蒽基、噻唑基、噻吩基、噻唑并吡啶基、噻吩并噻唑基、噻吩并噁唑基、噻吩并咪唑基、噻吩基、三嗪基、1,2,3-三唑基、1,2,4-三唑基、1,2,5-三唑基、1,3,4-三唑基和呫吨基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基、吲哚基、异吲哚基、二氢吲哚基、1H-吲唑基、苯并咪唑基、1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉基、1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉基、5,6,7,8-四氢-喹啉基、2,3-二氢-苯并呋喃基、色满基、1,2,3,4-四氢-喹喔啉基和1,2,3,4-四氢-喹唑啉基。术语“杂芳基”还可以包括由上述所定义的“芳基”与单环“杂芳基”所形成的联芳基结构,例如但不限于“-苯基联吡啶基-”、“-苯基联嘧啶基”、“-吡啶基联苯基”、“-吡啶基联嘧啶基-”、“-嘧啶基联苯基-”;其中本发明还包括含有例如上述杂环的稠环和螺环化合物。
本文中所用的术语“取代”意指至少一个氢原子被非氢基团替代,条件是维持正常化合价且所述取代得到稳定的化合物。本文所用的环双键为在两个相邻环原子之间形成的双键(例如C=C、C=N或N=N)。
当任何变量在化合物的任何组成或式中出现一次以上时,其每次出现时的定义均独立于其在其它每种情况下出现时的定义。因此,例如如果显示基团取代有0-3个R,则所述基团可任选地取代有至多三个R基团,且在每次出现时R独立地选自R的定义。此外,取代基和/或变量的组合仅在上述组合可产生稳定的化合物时才容许存在。
本文使用的术语“有效量”意指将会引起例如研究人员或临床医师所寻求的组织、系统、动物或人的生物学或医学响应的药物或药剂(即本发明化合物)的量。此外,术语“治疗有效量”意指这样的量:与未接受上述量的相应受试者相比,所述量导致改善的治疗、治愈、预防或减轻疾病、病症或副作用,或降低在疾病或病症的进展速度。有效量可以一个或多个给药、施用或剂量给予且不意欲被特定的制剂或给药途径限制。该术语还包括在其范围内的增强正常生理机能的有效量。
本文使用的术语“治疗”包括导致改善病症、疾病、障碍等的任何效果,例如减轻、减少、调节、改善或消除,或改善其症状。
术语“药用”在本文中用于指如下那些化合物、物质、组合物和/或剂型:在合理医学判断的范围内,其适于与人类和动物的组织接触使用而无过高毒性、刺激性、过敏反应和/或其它问题或并发症,并与合理的益处/风险比相称。
本文使用的短语“可药用载体”意指药用物质、组合物或媒介物,诸如液体或固体填充剂、稀释剂、赋形剂、制造助剂(例如润滑剂、滑石、硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钙或硬脂酸锌或硬脂酸)或溶剂包囊物质,其涉及将主题化合物从一个器官或身体的部分携带或运送至另一个器官或身体的部分。每种载体在与制剂的其它成分相容和对患者无害的意义上必须是“可接受的”。
术语“药物组合物”意指包含本发明化合物与至少一种其它药用载体的组合物。“药用载体”是指本领域中通常接受用于将生物活性剂递送至动物(具体为哺乳动物)的介质,包括(即)佐剂、赋形剂或媒介物,诸如稀释剂、防腐剂、填充剂、流动调控剂、崩解剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、悬浮剂、增甜剂、矫味剂、芳香剂、抗细菌剂、抗真菌剂、润滑剂和分散剂,这取决于给药模式和剂型的性质。
如本文所用,某一化合物或药物组合物,给药后,可以使某一疾病、症状或情况得到改善,尤指其严重度得到改善,延迟发病,减缓病情进展,或减少病情持续时间。无论固定给药或临时给药、持续给药或断续给药,可以归因于或与给药有关的情况。
给药途径
适合的给药途径包括但不限于,口服、静脉注射、直肠、气雾剂、非肠道给药、眼部给药、肺部给药、经皮给药、阴道给药、耳道给药、鼻腔给药及局部给药。此外,仅作举例说明,肠道外给药,包括肌肉注射、皮下注射、静脉注射、髓内注射、心室注射、腹膜内注射、淋巴管内注射、及鼻内注射。
在一方面,此处描述的化合物给药方式是局部的而不是全身性的给药方式。在特定的具体实施例中,长效制剂通过植入给药(例如皮下或肌肉)或通过肌肉注射。此外,在另一具体化实施例中,药物通过靶向药物给药系统来给药。例如,由器官特异性抗体包裹的脂质体。在这种具体实施例中,所述脂质体被选择性的导向特定器官并吸收。
在本发明的药物组合物中,可以根据本领域技术人员认识范围内的诸多因素来调配药用载体。这些因素包括,但不限于:所调配活性剂的类型和性质;含有活性剂的组合物所要给药的受试者;组合物的预期给药途径;及所靶向的治疗适应症。药用载体包括水性和非水性液体介质及各种固体和半固体剂型。
上述载体可包括除活性剂外的诸多不同成分和添加剂,上述其它成分出于本领域技术人员公知的各种原因包括于制剂中,例如稳定活性剂、粘合剂等。关于合适的药用载体和载体选择中所涉及的因素的描述可参见多个容易获得的来源,例如Allen L.V.Jr.etal.Remington:The Science and Practice of Pharmacy(2Volumes),22nd Edition(2012),Pharmaceutical Press。
所述化合物通常以与根据预期给药形式(例如口服片剂、胶囊剂、酏剂和糖浆剂)适当地选择且与常规药学实践相符合的合适药物稀释剂、赋形剂或载体(在本文中统称为药物载体)的混合物形式进行给药。
虽然本发明化合物可单独给药,但优选以药物制剂(组合物)形式给予化合物。
试剂盒/产品包装
为了用于上述适应症的治疗,试剂盒/产品包装也在此进行描述。这些试剂盒可以由输送器、药包或容器盒组成,容器盒可被划分成多格,以容纳一种或多种容器,如管形瓶、试管及类似物等,每个容器中包含所述方法中的单独一种成分。合适的容器包括瓶子,管形瓶,注射器和试管等。容器由可接受的玻璃或塑料等材料制作而成。
举例来讲,容器可装有一种或多种在此所述的化合物,化合物可能以药物组分形式存在,也可能与在本文中所述的其它成分组成混合物体存在。容器可有一个无菌输出口(例如容器可为静脉输液包或瓶,瓶塞可被皮下注射器针头刺破)。这样的试剂盒可带有一种化合物,及本文中所述的使用方法的说明、标签或操作说明。
一个典型的试剂盒可包括一种或多种容器,为适应商业推广和使用者对化合物使用的需求,每个容器装有一种或多种材料(如试剂,也可以是浓缩的母液,和/或器械)。这些材料包括但不局限于缓冲液,稀释液,滤器,针头,注射器,输送器,包,容器,瓶和/或试管,附有内容清单和/或使用说明书,内置包装也附有说明书。整套的说明都要包括在内。
本发明提到的上述特征,或实施例提到的特征可以任意组合。本案说明书所揭示的所有特征可与任何组合物形式并用,说明书中所揭示的各个特征,可以任何可提供相同、均等或相似目的的替代性特征取代。因此除有特别说明,所揭示的特征仅为均等或相似特征的一般性例子。
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。除非另外说明,否则所有的百分数、比率、比例、或份数按重量计。
本发明中的重量体积百分比中的单位是本领域技术人员所熟知的,例如是指在100毫升的溶液中溶质的重量。除非另行定义,文中所使用的所有专业与科学用语与本领域熟练人员所熟悉的意义相同。此外,任何与所记载内容相似或均等的方法及材料皆可应用于本发明方法中。文中所述的较佳实施方法与材料仅作示范之用。
具体实施例
本教导包括实施例中提供的描述,其不旨在限制任何权利要求的范围。提供以下非限制性实施例以进一步说明本发明。根据本公开,本领域技术人员将理解,在不脱离本教导的精神和范围的情况下,可以对所公开的具体实施方案进行许多改变并仍然能获得相同或相似的结果。
用来SARM 1酶活性测试的化合物来自1)筛选用“上市药物”化合物库(从TargetMol购买,约2000个化合物),2)单独采购的化合物,或者3)用下列一般方法合成的化合物(I),(II),和(III)。
实施例1:式I化合物的合成:
可以按下述合成方案合成式I化合物,包括使式I-1化合物与式I-2化合物在1)磺酰氯,和2)氧气存在下进行环合反应。
实施例2:式II-a化合物的合成
可以按下述合成方案合成式II-a化合物,包括使式II-1化合物与式II-2化合物在碱存在下反应生成式II-3化合物,式II-3化合物在溴存在下进行环合反应。
实施例3:式III化合物的合成
可以按下述合成方案合成式III化合物,包括使式III-1化合物与式III-2化合物进行环合反应。
生物活性实施例
实施例4:SARM1的制备及NAD酶活性测试
测试化合物的准备:
测试化合物的储备液浓度为200μM或10mM(在DMSO中),在体外SARM1酶测定和抑制剂筛选时,进一步稀释到所需的化合物浓度。
SARM1蛋白的表达纯化
(1)质粒构建
本例采用PCR扩增dN-SARM1的基因序列,去除SARM1的N端线粒体定位信号肽,将PCR扩增产物构建到pLenti-CMV-puro-dest质粒(addgene catalog#17452)中,具体如下:
在上海生工公司合成BC2T-TEV多肽基因片段、dN-SARM1-F和dN-SARM1-R。其中,BC2T-TEV多肽基因片段为Seq ID No.1所示序列,dN-SARM1-F为Seq ID No.2所示序列,dN-SARM1-R为Seq ID No.3所示序列。
Seq ID No.1:
5’-CTCATGccagacagaaaagcggctgttagtcactggcagcaaGATATCGGCGGAGGCGGATCTGGCGGAGGCGGATCTGGCGGAGGCGGATCTgagaatttgtattttcagggtGGCGGAGGCGGAGGTACCCTG-3’
Seq ID No.2:5’-GGTACCCTGGCGGTGCCTGGGCCAG-3’
Seq ID No.3:
5’-GCGGCCGCCTAGGTTGGACCCATGGGTGCAGCACCC-3’
采用HindIII/KpnI酶切位点将合成的BC2T-TEV多肽基因片段连接到pENTR载体上pENTR1A-GFP-N2(addgene:catalog#19364)。用引物dN-SARM1-F和dN-SARM1-R将dN-SARM1基因片段扩增出来,通过KpnI和NotI酶切位点将扩增获得的dN-SARM1基因片段构建到带有BC2T-TEV的pENTR载体上。本例的所有核酸内切酶购买于thermo。
PCR扩增获得的dN-SARM1基因片段为Seq ID No.4所示序列。
Seq ID No.4:
GGTACCCTGGCGGTGCCTGGGCCAGATGGGGGCGGTGGCACGGGCCCATGGTGGGCTGCGGGTGGCCGCGGGCCCCGCGAAGTGTCGCCGGGGGCAGGCACCGAGGTGCAGGACGCCCTGGAGCGCGCGCTGCCGGAGCTGCAGCAGGCCTTGTCCGCGCTGAAGCAGGCGGGCGGCGCGCGGGCCGTGGGCGCCGGCCTGGCCGAGGTCTTCCAACTGGTGGAGGAGGCCTGGCTGCTGCCGGCCGTGGGCCGCGAGGTAGCCCAGGGTCTGTGCGACGCCATCCGCCTCGATGGCGGCCTCGACCTGCTGTTGCGGCTGCTGCAGGCGCCGGAGTTGGAGACGCGTGTGCAGGCCGCGCGCCTGCTGGAGCAGATCCTGGTGGCTGAGAACCGAGACCGCGTGGCGCGCATTGGGCTGGGCGTGATCCTGAACCTGGCGAAGGAACGCGAACCCGTAGAGCTGGCGCGGAGCGTGGCAGGCATCTTGGAGCACATGTTCAAGCATTCGGAGGAGACATGCCAGAGGCTGGTGGCGGCCGGCGGCCTGGACGCGGTGCTGTATTGGTGCCGCCGCACGGACCCCGCGCTGCTGCGCCACTGCGCGCTGGCGCTGGGCAACTGCGCGCTGCACGGGGGCCAGGCGGTGCAGCGACGCATGGTAGAGAAGCGCGCAGCCGAGTGGCTCTTCCCGCTCGCCTTCTCCAAGGAGGACGAGCTGCTTCGGCTGCACGCCTGCCTCGCAGTAGCGGTGTTGGCGACTAACAAGGAGGTGGAGCGCGAGGTGGAGCGCTCGGGCACGCTGGCGCTCGTGGAGCCGCTTGTGGCCTCGCTGGACCCTGGCCGCTTCGCCCGCTGTCTGGTGGACGCCAGCGACACAAGCCAGGGCCGCGGGCCCGACGACCTGCAGCGCCTCGTGCCGTTGCTCGACTCTAACCGCTTGGAGGCGCAGTGCATCGGGGCTTTCTACCTCTGCGCCGAGGCTGCCATCAAGAGCCTGCAAGGCAAGACCAAGGTGTTCAGCGACATCGGCGCCATCCAGAGCCTGAAACGCCTGGTTTCCTACTCTACCAATGGCACTAAGTCGGCGCTGGCCAAGCGCGCGCTGCGCCTGCTGGGCGAGGAGGTGCCACGGCCCATCCTGCCCTCCGTGCCCAGCTGGAAGGAGGCCGAGGTTCAGACGTGGCTGCAGCAGATCGGTTTCTCCAAGTACTGCGAGAGCTTCCGGGAGCAGCAGGTGGATGGCGACCTGCTTCTGCGGCTCACGGAGGAGGAACTCCAGACCGACCTGGGCATGAAATCGGGCATCACCCGCAAGAGGTTCTTTAGGGAGCTCACGGAGCTCAAGACCTTCGCCAACTATTCTACGTGCGACCGCAGCAACCTGGCGGACTGGCTGGGCAGCCTGGACCCGCGCTTCCGCCAGTACACCTACGGCCTGGTCAGCTGCGGCCTGGACCGCTCCCTGCTGCACCGCGTGTCTGAGCAGCAGCTGCTGGAAGACTGCGGCATCCACCTGGGCGTGCACCGCGCCCGCATCCTCACGGCGGCCAGAGAAATGCTACACTCCCCGCTGCCCTGTACTGGTGGCAAACCCAGTGGGGACACTCCAGATGTCTTCATCAGCTACCGCCGGAACTCAGGTTCCCAGCTGGCCAGTCTCCTGAAGGTGCACCTGCAGCTGCATGGCTTCAGTGTCTTCATTGATGTGGAGAAGCTGGAAGCAGGCAAGTTCGAGGACAAACTCATCCAGAGTGTCATGGGTGCCCGCAACTTTGTGTTGGTGCTATCACCTGGAGCACTGGACAAGTGCATGCAAGACCATGACTGCAAGGATTGGGTGCATAAGGAGATTGTGACTGCTTTAAGCTGCGGCAAGAACATTGTGCCCATCATTGATGGCTTCGAGTGGCCTGAGCCCCAGGTCCTGCCTGAGGACATGCAGGCTGTGCTTACTTTCAACGGTATCAAGTGGTCCCACGAATACCAGGAGGCCACCATTGAGAAGATCATCCGCTTCCTGCAGGGCCGCTCCTCCCGGGACTCATCTGCAGGCTCTGACACCAGTTTGGAGGGTGCTGCACCCATGGGTCCAACCTAG
PCR扩增反应体系为:5×PrimeSTAR Buffer(Mg2+plus)10μL、dNTP Mixture(2.5mMeach)4μL、加入终浓度0.2μmol/L的dN-SARM1-F、加入终浓度0.2μmol/L的dN-SARM1-R、DNA模板100ng、PrimeSTAR HS DNA Polymerase(2.5U/μL)0.5μL,最后补充灭菌ddH2O至50μL。全长的SARM1由维真生物公司全合成到pUC57质粒中,以pUC57-SARM1作为DNA模版进行PCR。
PCR扩增产物采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳,然后用Omega胶回收试剂盒D2500-02回收纯化,切胶回收具体步骤参考试剂盒说明书。回收纯化的PCR扩增产物用于构建到带有BC2T-TEV的pENTR载体上。
重组质粒的构建体系步骤如下:
酶切反应体系:PCR扩增回收产物或质粒800ng、核酸内切酶(Fastdigest)各1μL、缓冲液1μL,补充灭菌水至体积10μL。酶切反应条件为37℃恒温30分钟。
质粒连接:酶切反应结束后,将酶切的PCR扩增回收产物300ng、酶切的质粒50ng,与T4 DNA连接酶1μL、T4 DNA连接酶缓冲液1μL混合均匀,并补充灭菌水至体积20μL。连接条件为16℃恒温过夜。
连接产物采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳,然后用Omega胶回收试剂盒D2500-02回收纯化,回收纯化产物即本例的重组质粒,标记为pENTR1A-BC2T-dN-SARM1。
pENTR1A-BC2T-dN-SARM1质粒构建完成后,通过LR反应将dN-SARM1重组至pLenti-CMV-puro-dest。
重组反应体系:150ng的pENTR1A-BC2T-dN-SARM1、50ng的pLenti-CMV-puro-dest、1μL的5×LR ClonaseTMreaction buffer,补充灭菌水至总体积5μL。
(2)转染
本例通过脂质体lipofectamine 2000(Life Technologies公司)将构建的pLenti-CMV-puro-dest和病毒包装质粒psPAX2,pMD2.G(addgene psPAX2:#12260,pMD2.G:#12259)共同转染到HEK293T细胞(ATCC)中,制备带有dN-SARM1阅读框的病毒。具体如下:
在3.5cm皿中铺1×106个细胞,第二天转染。
质粒混合物:1.7μg的pLenti-dN-SARM1、1.7μg的psPAX2、0.6μg的pMD2.G、8μLlipofectamine 2000转染试剂,根据说明书进行转染,8小时后换液,收集48小时的病毒。
(3)细胞筛选
采用dN-SARM1病毒感染“(2)转染”步骤获得的HEK293T细胞,通过加入嘌呤霉素筛选获得稳定表达dN-SARM1蛋白的细胞。具体如下:
病毒:80μL/3.5cm感染2×105,感染48小时后,加2μg/mL的嘌呤霉素进行筛选,筛选48小时后,不感染病毒的细胞已完全死亡。感染病毒的细胞大部分存活,再次加入2μg/mL的嘌呤霉素二次筛选48小时。
(4)蛋白质提取
培养并收集“(3)细胞筛选”步骤获得的稳定表达dN-SARM1蛋白的细胞,通过洋地黄皂甙裂解的方式获得细胞质中表达的dN-SARM1蛋白,用于体外活性测定实验。具体如下:
细胞培养用DMEM培养于10cm皿中,用trypsin-EDTA将细胞消化下来,然后1000rpm离心5分钟,加入PBS洗一次,然后用含有100μM毛地黄皂苷的PBS将细胞重悬,0.6mL PBS/10cm细胞,裂解5分钟。取细胞加入台盼蓝显微镜下观察,90%以上的细胞已经被裂解。将5000rpm离心10分钟,收集dN-SARM1蛋白的上清。
实施例5:抑制SARM1酶活性的体外生物化学测试(%抑制率)
采用通过上述实施例4中“SARM1蛋白的表达纯化”“(4)蛋白质提取”获得的dN-SARM1蛋白,对化合物进行PC6荧光法检测[中国专利202010528147.3]。
反应条件:
首先将0.05μg/ml dN-SARM1和50μM的化合物在50mM Tris-HCl(pH 7.5)溶液中孵育10分钟,然后50μM NAD、50μM PC6作为底物和50μM NMN作为激活剂加入与药物孵育后的dN-SARM1蛋白中,常温下反应30分钟。其中,各组分的浓度为反应体系中的终浓度。
在反应过程中,通过酶标仪检测PC6荧光波谱动力学,其中检测激发波长和发射波长分别为390nm和520nm。最终采用反应速率表示蛋白的活性,反应速率越高表明蛋白活性越强,化合物的抑制效率越低。
下表1中提供了一些化合物在50μM对SARM1酶活性的抑制率:
表1
实施例6:抑制SARM1酶活性的体外生物化学测试(IC50)
首先将200μM的化合物加入到含有0.05μg/ml dN-SARM1的50mM Tris-HCl(pH7.5)溶液中,然后取一半加入等体积含有0.05μg/ml dN-SARM1的50mM Tris-HCl(pH 7.5)溶液混合,以此类推将药物稀释6次,终浓度分别为200、100、50、25、12.5、6.25、3.125μM,或200、50、12.5、3.125、0.78、0.195、0.049μM,不加入抑制剂的为对照组,在室温孵育10分钟。
然后50μM NAD、50μM PC6作为底物和50μM NMN作为激活剂加入与抑制剂的孵育后的dN-SARM1蛋白中,常温下反应30分钟。其中,各组分的浓度为反应体系中的终浓度。
在反应过程中,通过酶标仪检测PC6荧光波谱动力学,其中检测激发波长和发射波长分别为390nm和520nm。最终采用反应速率表示蛋白的活性并计算半数抑制浓度,反应速率越高表明蛋白活性越强,化合物的抑制效率越低。
化合物抑制SARM1酶活性的剂量曲线采用上述方法。
在下表2中提供了这些化合物在测定中的IC50区间:
抑制SARM1酶活性的IC50区间:A<1.0μM;B:1-10μM;C:>10μM
表2
实施例7:在诱导型过表达SARM1的细胞系中检测药物的抑制活性(1)iSARM1细胞系制备
本例采用PCR扩增SARM1的基因序列,构建到pInducer20-neo质粒中。利用脂质体包装pInducer20-SARM1病毒,感染HEK293,获得诱导型的SARM1过表达的细胞系,标记为iSARM1(HEK293)。具体制备如下:
本例采用Seq ID No.5和Seq ID No.6所示序列的引物,进行PCR扩增SARM1基因序列,PCR扩增产物回收、酶切、重组质粒构建、转染和细胞筛选都与“一、SARM1蛋白的表达纯化”中的dN-SARM1一致,唯一区别的是,在进行“(3)细胞筛选”时,采用2mg/mL新霉素替换“2μg/mL嘌呤霉素”,其余都相同,在此不累述。
Seq ID No.5:
5’-TCTAGAGCCACCATGGTCCTGACGCTGCTTC-3’
Seq ID No.6:5’-GAATTCTTAGGTTGGACCCATGGGTG-3’
(2)检测抑制剂对细胞系中SARM1蛋白的活性抑制
首先用0.05mg/ml多聚赖氨酸处理96孔培养皿5分钟,用PBS清洗一次。将3×104的iSARM1(HEK293)铺板到96孔板中,在37℃和5%的培养箱中培养过夜。第二天,加入终浓度50μM的抑制剂到细胞中,在培养箱中孵育1.5小时;然后,加入终浓度100μM的激活剂CZ-48,在共同孵育16小时,同时设置不加CZ-48或不加药物的对照组。最后检测细胞内cADPR水平来表示SARM1的活性,计算出50μM抑制剂在细胞中对SARM1的抑制率。
cADPR测定方法具体如下:首先用PBS将细胞清洗一次,加入150μl预冷的0.6M高氯酸(PCA)将细胞快速裂解并沉淀蛋白。将PCA上清转移至1.5ml的离心管中,培养基中的蛋白用100μl 1M NaOH重新溶解。上清加入0.5ml有机试剂混合液(三辛胺:氯仿=1:3),将PCA从水中萃取出来。充分震荡后,12000rpm离心10分钟,溶液分为3层:上层水相,包含目的小分子;下层有机相,PCA溶于其中;而上下两层之间为薄薄的一层蛋白层,取上层转移至新的离心管中。按1:100的比例向溶液中加1M Tris-Mg(1M Tris(pH 8.0):1M MgCl2=9:1),按1:250的比例加入NADase,在37℃处理过夜,去除混合液中的NAD+。处理完成后,用Millipore的10K 96孔滤膜板过滤除去NADase。
通过Cycling分析法测定溶液中cADPR的含量,具体操作如下,取20μl待测样品或cADPR标准品加入96孔不透明白板中。制备反应液:9.6ml PBS(pH 7.4),200μl ethanol,150μl 1mg/ml AD,10μl 10mM FMN,5μl 18mg/ml Diaphorase,10μl 10mM Resazurin,100μl 1M Nam。分出一半反应液加入0.2μg/ml cyclase,不加入cyclase的反应液为对照实验。每个样品分为两组,每组3个重复,分别加入含有或不含有cyclase的反应液开始反应,记录30分钟内的反应动力学曲线(Ex:Em=544/599)。计算反应平均斜率,并且通过cADPR标准品换算得到准确的cADPR含量。
抑制率的计算方法:(1-抑制剂组cADPR含量/对照组cADPR含量)*100%
使用上述方法,在诱导型过表达SARM1的细胞系中的药物抑制率见下表3:细胞活性抑制率区间:A>50%;B:25-50%;C:<25%
表3
化合物编号 | 抑制率 |
2 | B |
11 | A |
24 | A |
序列表
<110> 北京科辉智药生物科技有限公司
<120> SARM1酶活性抑制剂及其在神经退行性疾病中的应用
<130> MP2031264
<160> 6
<170> PatentIn version 3.3
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<211> 135
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> BC2T-TEV多肽基因片段
<400> 1
ctcatgccag acagaaaagc ggctgttagt cactggcagc aagatatcgg cggaggcgga 60
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<213> 人工序列
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<220>
<223> dN-SARM1基因片段
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ggtggccgcg ggccccgcga agtgtcgccg ggggcaggca ccgaggtgca ggacgccctg 120
gagcgcgcgc tgccggagct gcagcaggcc ttgtccgcgc tgaagcaggc gggcggcgcg 180
cgggccgtgg gcgccggcct ggccgaggtc ttccaactgg tggaggaggc ctggctgctg 240
ccggccgtgg gccgcgaggt agcccagggt ctgtgcgacg ccatccgcct cgatggcggc 300
ctcgacctgc tgttgcggct gctgcaggcg ccggagttgg agacgcgtgt gcaggccgcg 360
cgcctgctgg agcagatcct ggtggctgag aaccgagacc gcgtggcgcg cattgggctg 420
ggcgtgatcc tgaacctggc gaaggaacgc gaacccgtag agctggcgcg gagcgtggca 480
ggcatcttgg agcacatgtt caagcattcg gaggagacat gccagaggct ggtggcggcc 540
ggcggcctgg acgcggtgct gtattggtgc cgccgcacgg accccgcgct gctgcgccac 600
tgcgcgctgg cgctgggcaa ctgcgcgctg cacgggggcc aggcggtgca gcgacgcatg 660
gtagagaagc gcgcagccga gtggctcttc ccgctcgcct tctccaagga ggacgagctg 720
cttcggctgc acgcctgcct cgcagtagcg gtgttggcga ctaacaagga ggtggagcgc 780
gaggtggagc gctcgggcac gctggcgctc gtggagccgc ttgtggcctc gctggaccct 840
ggccgcttcg cccgctgtct ggtggacgcc agcgacacaa gccagggccg cgggcccgac 900
gacctgcagc gcctcgtgcc gttgctcgac tctaaccgct tggaggcgca gtgcatcggg 960
gctttctacc tctgcgccga ggctgccatc aagagcctgc aaggcaagac caaggtgttc 1020
agcgacatcg gcgccatcca gagcctgaaa cgcctggttt cctactctac caatggcact 1080
aagtcggcgc tggccaagcg cgcgctgcgc ctgctgggcg aggaggtgcc acggcccatc 1140
ctgccctccg tgcccagctg gaaggaggcc gaggttcaga cgtggctgca gcagatcggt 1200
ttctccaagt actgcgagag cttccgggag cagcaggtgg atggcgacct gcttctgcgg 1260
ctcacggagg aggaactcca gaccgacctg ggcatgaaat cgggcatcac ccgcaagagg 1320
ttctttaggg agctcacgga gctcaagacc ttcgccaact attctacgtg cgaccgcagc 1380
aacctggcgg actggctggg cagcctggac ccgcgcttcc gccagtacac ctacggcctg 1440
gtcagctgcg gcctggaccg ctccctgctg caccgcgtgt ctgagcagca gctgctggaa 1500
gactgcggca tccacctggg cgtgcaccgc gcccgcatcc tcacggcggc cagagaaatg 1560
ctacactccc cgctgccctg tactggtggc aaacccagtg gggacactcc agatgtcttc 1620
atcagctacc gccggaactc aggttcccag ctggccagtc tcctgaaggt gcacctgcag 1680
ctgcatggct tcagtgtctt cattgatgtg gagaagctgg aagcaggcaa gttcgaggac 1740
aaactcatcc agagtgtcat gggtgcccgc aactttgtgt tggtgctatc acctggagca 1800
ctggacaagt gcatgcaaga ccatgactgc aaggattggg tgcataagga gattgtgact 1860
gctttaagct gcggcaagaa cattgtgccc atcattgatg gcttcgagtg gcctgagccc 1920
caggtcctgc ctgaggacat gcaggctgtg cttactttca acggtatcaa gtggtcccac 1980
gaataccagg aggccaccat tgagaagatc atccgcttcc tgcagggccg ctcctcccgg 2040
gactcatctg caggctctga caccagtttg gagggtgctg cacccatggg tccaacctag 2100
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Claims (17)
1.SARM1酶活性抑制剂在制备用于治疗或预防神经退行性疾病或神经性疾病或病症中的应用。
2.SARM1酶活性抑制剂在制备用于治疗或预防轴突变性相关疾病或病症中的应用。
3.根据权利要求1或2的应用,其中所述神经退行性疾病或神经性疾病或病症或轴突变性相关疾病或病症选自阿尔兹海默病(Alzheimer’s disease)、帕金森病(Parkinson’sdisease)、多发性硬化症(multiple sclerosis)、肌萎缩性硬化症(amyotrophic lateralsclerosis)、外周神经病变(peripheral neuropathy)。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项的应用,其中所述SARM1酶活性抑制剂为式(a)化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其前药:
其中,
X选自-NRa-、-N-和-S-,
M选自-NRaRb、-NRa、氧基(=O)、-ORb和-SRb,
Y选自-NRa-、-N=、=CH-和=CRc-,
Z选自-NRaRb、-NRa、氧基(=O)和-ORb,
其中所述Ra、Rb各自独立地选自氢、C1-C10烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C6-C10芳基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基氨基、C1-C3烷基硫基、C1-C3烷基磺酰基、C1-C3烷基酰基、C1-C3烷基氨基酰基和C1-C3烷基氨基磺酰基;其中所述C1-C10烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C6-C10芳基、C6-C10芳基氨基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基氨基、C1-C3烷基硫基、C1-C3烷基磺酰基、C1-C3烷基酰基、C1-C3烷基氨基酰基和C1-C3烷基氨基磺酰基任选地被1个、2个或3个选自以下的取代基所取代:选自氟、氯、溴和碘的卤素,硝基、氰基、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、卤代C1-C3烷基、卤代C1-C3烷基硫基、C3-C8环烷基C1-C3烷基。
其中所述Rc独立地选自氢、-CN、-CO2NHRa、-CO2Ra、-NO2、-CF3和Ra。
5.根据权利要求4的应用,其中所述式(a)化合物为式I化合物:
其中,R1和R3独立地选自:氢、C1-C10烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C6-C10芳基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基、、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基氨基、C1-C3烷基硫基、C1-C3烷基磺酰基、C1-C3烷基酰基、C1-C3烷基氨基酰基和C1-C3烷基氨基磺酰基;其中所述C1-C10烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C6-C10芳基、C6-C10芳基氨基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基氨基、C1-C3烷基硫基、C1-C3烷基磺酰基、C1-C3烷基酰基、C1-C3烷基氨基酰基和C1-C3烷基氨基磺酰基任选地被1个、2个或3个选自以下的取代基所取代:选自氟、氯、溴和碘的卤素,硝基、氰基、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、卤代C1-C3烷基、卤代C1-C3烷基硫基、C3-C8环烷基C1-C3烷基。
7.根据权利要求4的应用,其中所述式(a)化合物为式III化合物:
其中R5和R6独立地选自:氢、C1-C10烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C6-C10芳基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基氨基、C1-C3烷基硫基、C1-C3烷基磺酰基、C1-C3烷基酰基、C1-C3烷基氨基酰基和C1-C3烷基氨基磺酰基;其中所述C1-C10烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C6-C10芳基、C6-C10芳基氨基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基氨基、C1-C3烷基硫基、C1-C3烷基磺酰基、C1-C3烷基酰基、C1-C3烷基氨基酰基和C1-C3烷基氨基磺酰基任选地被1个、2个或3个选自以下的取代基所取代:选自氟、氯、溴和碘的卤素,硝基、氰基、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、卤代C1-C3烷基、卤代C1-C3烷基硫基、C3-C8环烷基C1-C3烷基。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的应用,其中Ra、Rb独立地选自:C1-C3烷基;苯基、苄基和萘基,其中所述苯基、苄基和萘基任选地被甲基、异丙基、三氟甲基、氟、氯或硝基所取代;环丙基甲基;氰基;羟基。
9.根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的应用,其中R1、R3、R1’、R3’、R5和R6各自独立地选自:C1-C3烷基;苯基、苄基和萘基,其中所述苯基、苄基和萘基任选地被甲基、异丙基、三氟甲基、氟、氯或硝基所取代;环丙基甲基;氰基;羟基。
10.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其中R1、R3各自独立地选自:甲基、苄基、苯基、萘基、对甲基苯基、对氟苯基、异丙基苯基、三氟甲硫基苯基、硝基、甲基或氯取代的苯基、环丙基甲基、三氟甲基取代的苯基。
13.根据权利要求1至3中任一项的应用,其中所述SARM1酶活性抑制剂为式IV化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或其前药:
其中,
W选自-CH2-、-CH=CH-,-C(Me)=C(Me)-,-C(Et)=C(Et)-,-C(O)-、-O-、-S-和-NR5-,
R5选自氢、C1-C10烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C6-C10芳基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基氨基、C1-C3烷基硫基、C1-C3烷基磺酰基、C1-C3烷基酰基、C1-C3烷基氨基酰基和C1-C3烷基氨基磺酰基;其中所述C1-C10烷基、C3-C8环烷基、C6-C10芳基、C6-C10芳基氨基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C1-C3烷基氨基、C1-C3烷基硫基、C1-C3烷基磺酰基、C1-C3烷基酰基、C1-C3烷基氨基酰基和C1-C3烷基氨基磺酰基任选地被1个、2个或3个选自以下的取代基所取代:选自氟、氯、溴和碘的卤素,硝基、氰基、C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、卤代C1-C3烷基、卤代C1-C3烷基硫基、C3-C8环烷基C1-C3烷基;
R7和R8独立地选自羟基、氯、溴、C1-C10烷基和C1-C3烷氧基;
m和n独立地选自0、1、2和3。
16.根据权利要求1至3中任一项的应用,其中所述SARM1酶活性抑制剂为选自以下式VI化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或其前药:
其中,
L选自C1-C6烷基、C6-C10芳基和C6-C10杂芳基,所述C1-C6烷基、C6-C10芳基和C6-C10杂芳基任选地被1个或2个选自以下的取代基所取代:选自氟、氯、溴的卤素,C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C3-C8环烷基;
A选自氨基磺酰基、氨基酰基和C1-C5烷基氨基;
R9选自C6-C10芳基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基和C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基,其中所述C6-C10芳基、C6-C10杂芳基、C6-C10芳基C1-C3烷基和C6-C10杂芳基C1-C3烷基任选地被1个、2个选自以下的取代基所取代:选自氟、氯、溴的卤素,C1-C3烷基、C1-C3烷氧基、C3-C8环烷基、C6-C10芳基氨基、二(C6-C10芳基)氨基。
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WO2023193809A1 (zh) * | 2022-04-08 | 2023-10-12 | 深圳众格生物科技有限公司 | Sarm1抑制剂化合物、包含其的药物组合物及其制备方法和用途 |
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