CN114467514A

CN114467514A - Corn seed screening system, assembly and process

Info

Publication number: CN114467514A
Application number: CN202210164232.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张明; 贾春兰; 刘少坤; 李旭华; 毛书平; 孙志强
Original assignee: Shandong Denghai Seed Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Denghai Seed Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-02-22
Filing date: 2022-02-22
Publication date: 2022-05-13
Anticipated expiration: 2042-02-22
Also published as: CN115885700A; CN114467514B

Abstract

The invention relates to a corn seed screening system, a corn seed screening assembly and a corn seed screening process, wherein the corn seed screening system comprises a rotating second rotating faceplate for bearing a transfer basket body; the second rotary faceplate is provided with a first exchange station, a second output station for outputting corn kernels by the fully loaded transfer basket body and a third redundant station for standby; at the first exchange station, the transfer basket body receives the fallen threshed corn seeds; an electric control baffle is arranged at the bottom of the transfer basket body, a vibration conveying mesh belt is arranged below the second output station, the electric control baffle is opened, and the corn seeds in the transfer basket body fall onto the vibration conveying mesh belt; the invention has reasonable design, compact structure and convenient use.

Description

Corn seed screening system, assembly and process

Technical Field

The invention relates to a corn seed screening system, a corn seed screening assembly and a corn seed screening process.

Background

At present, some corn threshing structures adopt a 3 kilowatt motor and an air blower, and the rotation and the stop of the motor and the air blower are controlled by a reversing switch. The motor rotates clockwise to feed the corn cobs, the anticlockwise rotation is mainly used for pushing out the corn cobs and removing faults, and the fan is used for blowing off scraps and slag generated in threshing. In addition, the CN201520881287.3 corn seed thresher has low automation degree, and cannot separate efficiently, and the CN202022870654.3 single-ear corn seed thresher has a complex structure and low threshing efficiency. The corn cobs cannot be sorted, and when the corn cobs are inconsistent with the conveying direction, the corn cobs are easily stuck.

CN201920716135.6 a corn seed air screening system, degree of automation is low; CN 202120889256.8A seed screening and selecting machine for corn cultivation, which has a complex structure; the CN201520995973.3 corn seed screening machine has the advantages of simple screening, low efficiency and easy damage to seeds.

The threshing method is based on the existing threshing mode, is jointly developed with related units, and is additionally provided with a corn cob combing device and is used for locally improving the seed screening mode after threshing, so that the efficiency is improved, and the damage to the seeds is reduced.

How to realize high efficiency, low damage and full-automatic threshing becomes a technical problem which is urgently needed to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a corn seed screening system, a corn seed screening assembly and a corn seed screening process.

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a sorting device of a corn seed screening system comprises a second rotary flower disc for bearing a transfer basket body and rotating;

the second rotary faceplate is provided with a first exchange station, a second output station for outputting corn kernels by the fully loaded transfer basket body and a third redundant station for standby;

at the first exchange station, the transfer basket body receives the fallen threshed corn seeds;

an electric control baffle is arranged at the bottom of the transfer basket body, a vibration conveying mesh belt is arranged below the second output station, the electric control baffle is opened, and the corn seeds in the transfer basket body fall onto the vibration conveying mesh belt;

a flexible opposite meshing roller is arranged on one side of the output end of the vibrating conveying mesh belt, and a detection camera is arranged above the flexible opposite meshing roller; a secondary pair of meshing rolls is arranged below the flexible opposite meshing rolls, a first flotation tank is arranged below the secondary pair of meshing rolls, an input end of a middle conveyor belt is arranged in the first flotation tank, and a second flotation tank is arranged at an output end of the middle conveyor belt; a flotation output belt is arranged on one side of the second flotation tank; the width of the gap between the two pairs of meshing rollers is larger than the external dimension of one corn.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

a plurality of air suction pipes and/or air blowing pipes are arranged on the vibration conveying net belt.

A corn seed screening system is characterized in that an output end of a thresher is arranged at an input end of a sorting device;

the threshing machine is arranged below the combing and dropping device and is used for threshing the corn cobs;

a combing and dropping device is arranged above the input end of the thresher and is used for dropping and outputting the corn cobs one by one.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

the combing falling device comprises a funnel falling channel for falling the corn cobs in the vertical state;

a top conical disc is arranged above the funnel falling channel, and a plurality of side bus guide rails are distributed on the inner side wall of the top conical disc;

a lower movable seat of a telescopic sliding arm is movably arranged in each side bus guide rail, a central lifting counterweight rod is arranged above the center of the top conical disc, and the central lifting counterweight rod is hinged with the end part of the telescopic sliding arm;

a return spring part is sleeved on the telescopic sliding arm, the upper end of the return spring part is connected with a fixed sleeve seat, and a lifting driving part is arranged above the central lifting counterweight rod;

an inclined vertical plate higher than the side bus guide rail is arranged on the inner side wall of the top conical disc;

the corn cobs longitudinally fall into the hopper drop channel through the neutral spaces between adjacent telescopic sliding arms.

A corn seed screening method comprises a sorting method;

s4.1, the corn seeds fall into a transfer basket body;

s4.2, rotating the transfer basket body to a second output station through a second rotary flower disc; secondly, opening the electric control baffle, and allowing the corn seeds in the transfer basket body to fall onto the vibration conveying net belt;

s4.3, firstly, blowing corn seeds on the vibration conveying net belt by a blowing pipe to remove impurities, and absorbing impurities by an air suction pipe; then, the flexible opposite meshing rollers are oppositely meshed, so that the output corn seeds fall to the first flotation tank through the secondary opposite meshing rollers and are detected through the detection camera;

s4.4, carrying out flotation on the corn seeds through the first flotation tank, the intermediate conveyor belt and the second flotation tank. As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

in S4.1, two cases are distinguished;

in the first situation, when the bottom is provided with the electric control baffle, the electric control baffle of the falling temporary storage part is opened at the first exchange station, so that the corn seeds fall into the transfer basket body;

in the second situation, when the bottom is provided with an opening, firstly, the first supporting flower disc bears the transfer basket body, the first supporting flower disc synchronously rotates the outer storage disc assembly to rotate, and meanwhile, the corn seeds fall into the transfer basket body through the falling particle channel and the falling temporary storage part; then, at a first exchange station, the first supporting flower disc conveys the fully loaded transfer basket onto a second rotating flower disc; thirdly, after S4.2, the second rotary flower disc sends the unloaded transfer basket body to the first support flower disc;

at a first exchange station, the auxiliary manipulator pushes the transfer basket body to alternate between the first support faceplate and the second rotary faceplate.

Before screening, the following steps are performed;

s2, dropping the corn cob through the combing dropping device,

s3, threshing the falling corn cobs by a thresher;

in S2, a drop feed step is performed, first, the corn feeder delivers the corn cobs onto the top conical plate; then, under the action of the gravity of the central lifting counterweight rod and the elastic force of the reset spring part, the central lifting counterweight rod goes down; then, under the action of the lifting driving part, the central lifting counterweight rod overcomes the gravity of the central lifting counterweight rod and the elastic force of the return spring part, and the central lifting counterweight rod goes upwards; and thirdly, the central lifting counterweight rod vertically pulls the telescopic sliding arms to swing up and down when the telescopic sliding arms stretch and contract, and meanwhile, the movable seat under the root parts of the telescopic sliding arms moves in each side bus guide rail, so that the corn cobs on the adjacent telescopic sliding arms move, intermittently contact with the corresponding inclined vertical plates, and accordingly direction adjustment is realized, and the corn cobs longitudinally fall into the hopper falling channel one by one through the neutral spaces between the adjacent telescopic sliding arms.

The temporary storage of the rotary basket body can be realized by a tank body, a box body or a barrel body and the like, the first supporting flower disc can be rotatably matched, so that the efficiency is improved, but parts are omitted, and the efficiency can be improved. First exchange station has been realized to the rotatory colored dish of second, the station linking is realized to second output station, vibration conveying mesh belt both sides have the guardrail, omit in the picture, the aspiration channel realizes the edulcoration with the play tuber pipe, the guipure has realized the granule whereabouts, flexibility opposite direction meshing roller, can be rubber or sponge etc., it realizes the control to detect the camera, the whereabouts secondary realizes the secondary screening to the meshing roller and examines, first flotation cell, middle conveyer belt, the second flotation cell utilizes the different realization of density to sort the stone, debris such as piece, the redundant station of third is reserve. The carding and dropping device has the self-adjusting and correcting function and prevents the card from being dead. The invention has the advantages of reasonable design, low cost, firmness, durability, safety, reliability, simple operation, time and labor saving, capital saving, compact structure and convenient use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the screening overall use structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the main structure of the threshing apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a modified structure of the present invention.

Wherein: 2. a carding drop device; 3. a threshing machine; 30. a funnel drop channel; 31. a top conical disc; 32. a side busbar guide rail; 33. a telescopic sliding arm; 34. a central lifting counterweight rod; 35. a fixed sleeve seat; 36. A return spring portion; 38. an inclined vertical plate; 47. dropping the funnel; 48. a transfer basket body; 49. a first support faceplate; 50. a second rotating faceplate; 51. a first exchange station; 52. a second output station; 53. vibrating the conveyor belt; 54. an air suction pipe; 55. a flexible counter mesh roll; 56. detecting a camera; 57. dropping the secondary pair of meshing rolls; 58. a first flotation tank; 59. an intermediate conveyor belt; 60. a second flotation tank; 61. and a third redundant station.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-2, the corn seed screening system of the present embodiment includes a sorting device; the sorting device comprises a second rotary faceplate 50 for carrying the transfer basket 48 in rotation;

the second rotary tray 50 has a first exchange station 51, a second output station 52 for outputting the full transfer basket 48 and a third redundant station 61 as a spare;

in the first exchange station 51, the transfer basket 48 receives the falling threshed corn seeds;

the bottom of the transfer basket 48 is provided with an electric control baffle, a vibration conveying mesh belt 53 is arranged below the second output station 52, the electric control baffle is opened, and the corn seeds in the transfer basket 48 fall onto the vibration conveying mesh belt 53;

a flexible opposite meshing roller 55 is arranged on one side of the output end of the vibration transmission mesh belt 53, and a detection camera 56 is arranged above the flexible opposite meshing roller 55; a secondary counter meshing roller 57 is arranged below the flexible counter meshing roller 55, a first flotation tank 58 is arranged below the secondary counter meshing roller 57, an input end of an intermediate conveyor belt 59 is arranged in the first flotation tank 58, and a second flotation tank 60 is arranged at an output end of the intermediate conveyor belt 59; a flotation output belt is arranged on one side of the second flotation cell 60; the width of the gap between the second pair of intermeshing rolls 57 is greater than the overall dimension of one corn.

A plurality of suction pipes 54 and/or blowing pipes are arranged on the vibration conveying mesh belt 53.

The input end of the sorting device is provided with the output end of the automatic thresher; wherein, the automatic thresher comprises the following components;

the combing falling device 2 is used for falling down and outputting the corn cobs one by one;

and the threshing machine 3 is arranged below the carding and dropping device 2 and used for threshing, and the threshing machine can be vertical or horizontal.

A falling buffer 47 is provided below the falling particle passage 46;

when the rotary gear ring disc body 42 rotates, the stirring side arm 44 threshes the corn falling on the falling particle channel 46 and the sundries fall into the falling temporary storage part 47.

The bottom of the falling temporary storage part 47 is provided with an opening or an electric control baffle plate; the drop buffer 47 is located above the transfer basket 48;

when the bottom has an electrically controlled flap, at the first exchange station 51, the electrically controlled flap of the drop buffer 47 is opened, so that the corn seeds fall into the transfer basket 48;

when the bottom is provided with an opening, a first supporting flower disc 49 which synchronously rotates is arranged below the rotary outer storage disc assembly 6, the first supporting flower disc 49 is used for bearing the transfer basket body 48, and the corn seeds fall into the transfer basket body 48 through the falling particle channel 46; at the first exchange station 51, the first support faceplate 49 delivers the loaded transfer basket 48 to the second rotating faceplate 50 and/or the second rotating faceplate 50 delivers the unloaded transfer basket 48 to the first support faceplate 49.

An auxiliary robot is provided at the first exchanging station 51.

As an example, the corn seed screening method of this example, as shown in fig. 1-3, includes a sorting method;

s4.1, the corn seeds fall into a transfer basket body 48;

s4.2, the middle rotating basket body 48 rotates to a second output station 52 through a second rotating disc chuck 50; secondly, the electric control baffle is opened, and the corn seeds in the transfer basket body 48 fall onto the vibrating conveying mesh belt 53;

s4.3, firstly, blowing the corn seeds on the vibration conveying mesh belt 53 by an air blowing pipe to remove impurities, and sucking the impurities by an air suction pipe 54; then, the flexible opposite meshing rollers 55 are oppositely meshed, so that the output corn seeds fall to the first flotation tank 58 through the secondary opposite meshing rollers 57 and are detected through the detection camera 56;

s4.4, carrying out flotation on the corn seeds through a first flotation tank 58, an intermediate conveyor belt 59 and a second flotation tank 60.

In S4.1, two cases are distinguished;

in the first case, when the electrically controlled shutter is present at the bottom, the electrically controlled shutter of the drop buffer 47 is opened at the first exchange station 51, so that the corn seeds fall into the transfer basket 48;

in the second case, when the bottom has an opening, first, the first supporting faceplate 49 carries the transfer basket 48, the first supporting faceplate 49 rotates the outer storage disk assembly 6 in synchronization, and at the same time, the corn seeds fall into the transfer basket 48 through the falling particle passage 46 and the falling temporary storage section 47; then, in a first exchange station 51, the first supporting faceplate 49 sends the full transfer basket 48 onto the second rotating faceplate 50; again, after S4.2, the second rotary faceplate 50 feeds the unloaded transfer basket 48 onto the first support faceplate 49; at the first exchange station 51, the auxiliary robot pushes the transfer basket 48 alternately between the first support faceplate 49 and the second rotary faceplate 50.

Before screening, the following steps are performed;

s1, conveying the corn cobs through the corn feeding device;

s2, dropping the corn cob through the combing and dropping device 2,

s3, threshing the corn cobs by the thresher 3.

As shown in fig. 3, as a modification, a second rotary faceplate 50 is fitted with a first support faceplate 49 for conveying the transfer basket 48.

As shown in fig. 1-2, embodiment 1, the component of the automatic corn thresher of this embodiment comprises a carding drop device 2 of a funnel drop passage 30 for dropping corn cobs in an upright state; thereby realizing that the corns fall down one by one so as to thresh one by one at the later stage.

A top conical disc 31 is arranged above the funnel falling channel 30, and a plurality of side bus guide rails 32 are distributed on the inner side wall of the top conical disc 31;

a lower movable seat of a telescopic sliding arm 33 is movably arranged in each side bus guide rail 32, a central lifting counterweight rod 34 is arranged above the right center of the top conical disc 31, and the central lifting counterweight rod 34 is hinged with the end part of the telescopic sliding arm 33;

a return spring part 36 is sleeved on the telescopic sliding arm 33, and the upper end of the return spring part 36 is connected with a fixed sleeve seat 35;

an inclined vertical plate 38 higher than the side bus bar guide rail 32 is arranged on the inner side wall of the top conical disc 31;

the corn cobs fall longitudinally through the open space between adjacent telescoping slide arms 33 down the hopper drop chute 30. The range can be increased, so that the direction of the corn cobs can be better adjusted, and the corn cobs are prevented from being stuck.

As an embodiment, the corn seed screening system, assembly and process of the present embodiment includes the following components; the combing falling device 2 is arranged at the output end of the corn feeding device 1 and is used for falling down and outputting the corn cobs one by one; and the thresher 3 is arranged below the combing falling device 2 and used for clamping the falling corn cobs to perform threshing operation on the corn cobs. In S2, a drop feed step is performed, first, the corn feeder delivers the corn cobs onto the top conical plate 31; then, under the action of the gravity of the center lifting counterweight rod 34 and the elastic force of the return spring part 36, the center lifting counterweight rod 34 goes down; then, under the action of the pulling force of the lifting driving part, the central lifting counterweight rod 34 overcomes the self gravity and the elastic force of the return spring part 36, and the central lifting counterweight rod 34 goes upward; and thirdly, the central lifting counterweight rod 34 vertically pulls the telescopic sliding arms 33 to vertically swing when extending, meanwhile, the movable seats below the roots of the telescopic sliding arms 33 move in each side bus bar guide rail 32, so that the corn cobs on the adjacent telescopic sliding arms 33 move, intermittently contact with the corresponding inclined vertical plates 38, and the direction adjustment is realized, and the corn cobs longitudinally pass through the neutral positions between the adjacent telescopic sliding arms 33 one by one and fall into the hopper falling channel 30.

The various embodiments of the present invention may be used alone or in combination.

The present invention has been described in sufficient detail for clarity of disclosure and is not exhaustive of the prior art.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various aspects of the present invention may be combined. And such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. The technical contents not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a sorting unit of maize seed screening system which characterized in that: comprises a rotary second rotary disc chuck (50) for bearing the transfer basket body (48);

the second rotary flower disc (50) is provided with a first exchange station (51), a second output station (52) for outputting the full transfer basket body (48) and a third redundant station (61) serving as a spare;

in the first exchange station (51), the transfer basket body (48) receives the fallen threshed corn seeds;

an electric control baffle is arranged at the bottom of the transfer basket body (48), a vibrating conveying mesh belt (53) is arranged below the second output station (52), the electric control baffle is opened, and the corn seeds in the transfer basket body (48) fall onto the vibrating conveying mesh belt (53);

a flexible opposite meshing roller (55) is arranged on one side of the output end of the vibrating conveyor mesh belt (53), and a detection camera (56) is arranged above the flexible opposite meshing roller (55); a secondary mesh roller pair (57) is arranged below the flexible opposite mesh roller pair (55), a first flotation tank (58) is arranged below the secondary mesh roller pair (57), an input end of an intermediate conveyor belt (59) is arranged in the first flotation tank (58), and a second flotation tank (60) is arranged at an output end of the intermediate conveyor belt (59); a flotation output belt is arranged on one side of the second flotation tank (60); the width of the gap between the secondary pair of intermeshing rolls (57) is greater than the overall dimension of one corn.

2. The sorting device of a corn seed screening system of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of air suction pipes (54) and/or air blowing pipes are arranged on the vibrating conveying net belt (53).

3. The utility model provides a maize seed screening system which characterized in that: -the input of the sorting device according to claim 1 is provided with the output of the thresher (3);

the thresher (3) is arranged below the combing and dropping device (2) and is used for threshing the corn cobs;

a combing falling device (2) is arranged above the input end of the thresher (3) and is used for falling one by one to output the corn cobs.

4. The corn seed screening system of claim 3, wherein: the combing dropping device (2) comprises a funnel dropping channel (30) for dropping the corn cobs in the vertical state;

a top conical disc (31) is arranged above the funnel falling channel (30), and a plurality of side bus guide rails (32) are distributed on the inner side wall of the top conical disc (31);

a lower movable seat of a telescopic sliding arm (33) is movably arranged in each side bus guide rail (32), a central lifting counterweight rod (34) is arranged above the center of the top conical disc (31), and the central lifting counterweight rod (34) is hinged with the end part of the telescopic sliding arm (33);

a return spring part (36) is sleeved on the telescopic sliding arm (33), the upper end of the return spring part (36) is connected with a fixed sleeve seat (35), and a lifting driving part is arranged above the central lifting counterweight rod (34);

an inclined vertical plate (38) higher than the side bus guide rail (32) is arranged on the inner side wall of the top conical disc (31);

the corn cobs fall longitudinally through the open space between adjacent telescoping slide arms (33) down into a hopper drop chute (30).

5. A corn seed screening method is characterized in that: comprises a sorting method;

s4.1, the corn seeds fall into a transfer basket body (48);

s4.2, the transfer basket body (48) rotates to a second output station (52) through a second rotary disc chuck (50); secondly, the electric control baffle is opened, and the corn seeds in the transfer basket body (48) fall onto the vibrating conveying mesh belt (53);

s4.3, firstly, blowing the corn seeds on a vibration conveying mesh belt (53) by a blowing pipe to remove impurities, and absorbing the impurities by an air suction pipe (54); then, the flexible opposite meshing roller (55) is meshed oppositely, so that the output corn seeds fall to the first flotation tank (58) through the secondary opposite meshing roller (57) and are detected through the detection camera (56);

s4.4, the corn seeds are floated by the first flotation tank (58), the middle conveyor belt (59) and the second flotation tank (60).

6. The method of screening corn seed of claim 5, wherein: in S4.1, two cases are distinguished;

in the first case, when the bottom has an electrically controlled shutter, at the first exchange station (51), the electrically controlled shutter of the drop buffer (47) is opened, so that the corn seeds drop into the transfer basket (48);

in the second case, when the bottom has an opening, firstly, the first supporting disc (49) bears the transfer basket body (48), the first supporting disc (49) synchronously rotates the outer storage disc assembly (6) to rotate, and meanwhile, the corn seeds fall into the transfer basket body (48) through the falling particle channel (46) and the falling temporary storage part (47); then, at a first exchange station (51), the first supporting rosette (49) transfers the full transfer basket (48) to the second rotating rosette (50); thirdly, after S4.2, the second rotary disc chuck (50) sends the empty transfer basket body (48) to the first supporting disc chuck (49);

in a first exchange station (51), the auxiliary robot pushes the transfer basket (48) alternately between a first support faceplate (49) and a second rotating faceplate (50).

7. The method of screening corn seed of claim 6, wherein: before screening, the following steps are performed;

s2, enabling the corn cobs to fall through the combing falling device (2);

and S3, threshing the falling corn cobs by the thresher (3).