CN114467420B - Method for sowing corn in water in arid and semi-arid farmland and matched sowing machine - Google Patents
Method for sowing corn in water in arid and semi-arid farmland and matched sowing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114467420B CN114467420B CN202210144903.1A CN202210144903A CN114467420B CN 114467420 B CN114467420 B CN 114467420B CN 202210144903 A CN202210144903 A CN 202210144903A CN 114467420 B CN114467420 B CN 114467420B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 28
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
- A01C7/16—Seeders with other distributing devices, e.g. brushes, discs, screws or slides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/02—Hand tools for making holes for sowing, planting or manuring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/09—Watering arrangements making use of movable installations on wheels or the like
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of corn sowing in arid and semi-arid farmlands, and provides a water-sitting sowing method for corn in arid and semi-arid farmlands, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a water-fertilizer mixed solution; s2, preparing a gel mixture; s3, preparing a coating; s4, manufacturing a sowing unit; s5, digging holes in the cultivated land; s60, watering and sowing; and S70, covering soil and burying. The seeding machine matched with the seeding method is also provided, and comprises a self-propelled platform, and a stirring mechanism, an extruding mechanism, a spraying mechanism, a blanking channel, a punching mechanism, a watering mechanism and an earthing mechanism which are sequentially arranged on the self-propelled platform. By adopting the technical scheme, the problem of water source waste in the existing arid and semi-arid farmland corn water-sitting sowing method and matched sowing machines is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of corn sowing in arid and semi-arid farmlands, in particular to a water-sitting sowing method for corn in arid and semi-arid farmlands and a matched sowing machine.
Background
Water and fertilizer are two important factors influencing crop growth in agricultural production, water and fertilizer application research in agricultural production is always emphasized by people, water shortage limits improvement of crop productivity, and nutrient shortage limits efficient utilization of water by crops. In semiarid farmlands in northern China, the problems of water shortage and phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium deficiency commonly exist. In order to solve the problem, irrigation and moisture increasing agriculture of water-sitting seeding is generally adopted in semiarid farmlands, and the operation procedures are hole digging, water injection, dibbling, fertilization, soil covering and pressing.
With the intensive research and continuous popularization of the agricultural dry farming water-saving technology, a high-energy drought-resistant soil water-retaining agent is produced at the right moment. The agricultural water retention agent is a super absorbent resin which can repeatedly release and absorb water, and after the agricultural water retention agent is applied to soil, a large amount of water can be stored at ordinary times, and when the agricultural water retention agent is in urgent need, the water can be continuously released and supplied to crops. Because the water-retaining agent has the functions of absorbing and retaining water, nutrient substances required by the growth of crops such as chemical fertilizers and the like dissolved in water can be fixed in the water-retaining agent, so that the leaching loss of soluble nutrients is reduced, the effects of saving water and fertilizer and improving the utilization of water and fertilizer are achieved.
In order to improve the sowing survival rate of the semi-arid farmland, although the water-retaining agent is applied to the agricultural technology of the water-sitting sowing of the semi-arid farmland, water is often splashed out of seed holes during water injection in the original sowing procedure of the water-sitting sowing, so that the problem of water source waste still exists in the existing sowing method of the semi-arid farmland under the water-sitting sowing condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a corn water-planting sowing method for arid and semi-arid lands and a matched sowing machine, which solve the problem of water source waste in the existing corn water-planting sowing method for arid and semi-arid lands.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the water-sitting sowing method for the corn in the arid and semi-arid farmland comprises the following steps:
s10, preparing a water-fertilizer mixed solution: scattering the fertilizer into water, fully mixing in a stirring mode, keeping the water-fertilizer ratio at 10, and stirring for 0.3-0.6h more for each kilogram of fertilizer;
s20, preparing a gel mixture: adding a water-retaining agent into the water-fertilizer mixed solution to form a gel mixture, fully stirring, keeping the specific gravity of the mixed solution and the water-retaining agent at 5:1, adding one kilogram of water-retaining agent each time, stirring for 1-1.5h more, wherein each cubic centimeter of the gel mixture contains 30-50 particles of water-retaining agent;
s30, preparing a coating: extruding the gel mixture and forming individual cylindrical coatings having a length of 1.2-1.8cm and a diameter of 1.2-1.8cm;
s40, manufacturing a sowing unit: the single coating enters the blanking channel, the corn seeds are sprayed into the coating, and the corn seeds enter the coating to form a sowing unit;
s50, digging holes in cultivated land: a plurality of planting holes are drilled along the length direction of the ridge, the spacing distances of the planting holes are the same, the planting holes are in a circular truncated cone shape, and the diameter of the top end of the planting holes is smaller than that of the bottom end of the planting holes;
s60, watering and sowing: water flows into the blanking channel, and the water flow drives the sowing unit to enter the planting hole;
s70, covering soil and burying: and covering the planting holes with soil, wherein the surfaces of the planted holes after being covered with soil are flush with the ground without holes.
As a further technical scheme, the diameter of the top end of the planting hole is 3-4cm, the diameter of the bottom end of the planting hole is 3.6-6cm, and the diameter of the bottom end of the planting hole is 1.2-1.5 times of the diameter of the top end of the planting hole.
The corn water-sitting sowing method for the arid and semi-arid farmland has the following beneficial effects:
1. the planting holes are in a circular truncated cone shape, water can be prevented from being splashed out of the planting holes after entering the planting holes, and waste of water sources is greatly reduced;
2. firstly, water, fertilizer and water-retaining agent are made into coating, so that the necessary water and fertilizer in the seed growth process is ensured, and the survival rate of the seeds is improved; the seeds enter the planting holes to form a sowing unit with the coating, and the coating completely wraps the corn seeds, so that the seeds and the coating can enter the planting holes together, and the seeds can fully absorb water and fertilizer in the development process;
the invention also provides a seeding machine matched with the seeding method, which comprises a self-propelled platform, a stirring mechanism, an extruding mechanism, an injection mechanism, a blanking channel, a hole punching mechanism, a watering mechanism and an earthing mechanism, wherein the stirring mechanism, the extruding mechanism, the blanking channel, the hole punching mechanism, the watering mechanism and the earthing mechanism are sequentially arranged on the self-propelled platform, the stirring mechanism is provided with a stirring paddle and a stirring barrel, the stirring paddle is arranged on the self-propelled platform in a rotating manner, the extruding mechanism comprises an extruder and an extrusion bin, the extruder is used for extruding gel mixture in the extrusion bin into a cylindrical capsule, the injection mechanism comprises an injection bin and an injector, the injector is connected with the injection bin and injects seeds in the injection bin into the capsule to form a seeding unit, the seeding unit is formed in the blanking channel, the hole punching mechanism comprises a hollow rotating shaft, a driving assembly and a swinging knife, the swinging knife is arranged at the end part of the hollow rotating shaft, the driving assembly provides power for swinging of the swinging knife, the watering mechanism comprises a blanking pipe and a water feeding pipe, one end of the blanking channel is connected with the earthing pipe, the discharging pipe is connected with the earthing frame, and the earthing frame is connected with the earthing frame.
As a further technical scheme, the two pendulum knives are symmetrically arranged, the driving assembly comprises a magnet, an electromagnet and a first spring, the cross section of each pendulum knife is in a right trapezoid shape, the upper bottom of each right trapezoid is the upper end of each pendulum knife, the lower bottom of each right trapezoid is the lower end of each pendulum knife, the first spring is arranged between the two pendulum knives, the magnet is arranged on one pendulum knife, the electromagnet is arranged on the other pendulum knife, the electromagnet is electrically connected with a self-contained power supply of the self-propelled platform, and the electromagnet faces the magnet.
As a further technical scheme, the injection mechanism further includes an indexer, a slider, a second spring and a guide plate, the indexer is disposed on the self-propelled platform, the indexer has four stations, the indexer has four sliding slots, the four sliding slots are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the four stations, the four sliders are correspondingly slidably disposed in the sliding slots, the four second springs are correspondingly disposed in the sliding slots, one end of each second spring is connected to the slider, the other end of each second spring is connected to the bottom end of the corresponding sliding slot, the axis of each second spring is located in the sliding direction of the slider, the guide plate is disposed on the self-propelled platform, the guide plate is located right above the indexer, the guide plate has a portion a, a portion B, a portion C and a portion D, the curvature radius of the portion a is greater than that of the portion B, the curvature radii of the portion B, the portion C and the portion D are the same, and the arcs of the guide plate are transited.
As a further technical scheme, the curvature radius between the part A and the part B is gradually reduced from large, the curvature radius of the parts among the part B, the part C and the part D is the same, and the curvature radius between the part D and the part A is gradually increased from small.
As a further technical scheme, the injection mechanism further comprises a guide rod and a roller, one end of the guide rod is fixedly arranged on the sliding block, the other end of the guide rod is rotatably connected with the roller, and the outer edge of the roller is in rolling contact with the guide plate.
As a further technical scheme, earthing mechanism still has briquetting and ejector part, the ejector part is located just have on the link and push away the top, push away the top along vertical direction reciprocating motion, the briquetting is located push away and serve and be used for preventing appear the space in the planting hole.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: compared with the prior art, the seeder comprises a self-propelled platform, a stirring mechanism, an extrusion mechanism, an injection mechanism, a blanking channel, a hole punching mechanism, a watering mechanism and an earthing mechanism, wherein the stirring mechanism is provided with a stirring paddle and a stirring barrel, water and fertilizer are placed in the stirring barrel, the stirring paddle is used for fully stirring materials in the stirring barrel, after the water and the fertilizer are fully mixed, a water-retaining agent is added into the stirring barrel, then the stirring paddle is fully stirred again, the extrusion mechanism comprises an extruder and an extrusion bin, a gel mixture formed by fully mixing water, the fertilizer and water-retaining agent particles enters the extrusion bin and is extruded into a cylindrical coating by the extruder, the coating extruded from the extruder directly enters the blanking channel, the injection mechanism comprises an injection bin and an injector, corn seeds are placed in the injection bin, the injector is arranged on the injection bin and is used for ejecting the corn seeds in the injection bin, the corn seeds discharged from the injector have a certain initial speed and directly impact the cylindrical coating, the corn seeds and are combined together to form a seeding unit, and the seeding unit is still positioned in the seeding channel; the hole punching mechanism comprises a hollow rotating shaft, a driving assembly and swinging knives, the hollow rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the self-propelled platform, the swinging knives are arranged at the end parts of the hollow rotating shaft in a swinging manner, the driving assembly provides power for swinging and swinging, before the swinging knives enter soil, the edge parts of the two swinging knives are positioned in a vertical plane and are parallel to each other, so that the swinging knives can be guaranteed to receive less friction force in the soil entering process, after swinging enters the soil, the driving assembly drives the two swinging knives to swing, an included angle is formed between the two swinging knives, then the hollow rotating shaft rotates, so that the two swinging knives can be guaranteed to open a circular truncated cone-shaped planting hole in the follow-up process, the watering mechanism comprises a blanking pipe and a water adding pipe, the water adding pipe and the blanking pipe are communicated with the blanking channel, the water adding pipe is used for adding water into the blanking channel, the blanking pipe is arranged in the hollow rotating shaft in a penetrating manner, and when the water enters the blanking channel, the sowing unit can be carried into the blanking pipe and finally separated from the blanking pipe and enter the planting hole; earthing mechanism includes link and earthing plate, and the link setting is on self-propelled platform, and the earthing plate setting is on the link to the earthing plate presents the V type, and the earthing plate just can push the peripheral soil in planting hole top in planting the hole like this.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a seeding method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a seeding machine provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a stirring mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the extruding mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the injection mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 5 at another angle;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the fitting portion of the guide plate and the guide plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the fitting between the blanking channel and the watering mechanism in the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the hole-punching mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the construction of the soil covering mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the casing plate of FIG. 11;
in the figure:
1. a self-propelled platform, 2, a stirring mechanism, 3, an extrusion mechanism, 4, a spraying mechanism, 5, a blanking channel, 6, a hole punching mechanism, 7, a watering mechanism, 8, a soil covering mechanism, 9, a stirring paddle, 10, a stirring barrel, 11, an extruder, 12, an extrusion bin, 13, a spraying bin, 14, an injector, 15, a hollow rotating shaft, 16, a swinging knife, 17, a blanking pipe, 18, a water adding pipe, 19, a connecting frame, 20, a soil covering plate, 21, a magnet, 22, an electromagnet, 23, a first spring, 24, an indexer, 25, a sliding block, 26, a second spring, 27, a guide disc, 28, a guide plate, 29, a guide rod, 30, a roller, 31, a pressing block, 32 and a pushing piece,
204. stirring motor, 205, discharging pipe, 301, extruding motor, 302, extruding auger, 303, extruding ejector part, 304, cutter, 601, gear ring, 602, driving gear, 603, holing motor, 604, lifting platform, 701 and water storage bin.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any inventive step, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment proposes a corn water-sowing method in arid and semi-arid lands, which includes the following steps:
s10, preparing a water-fertilizer mixed solution: scattering the fertilizer into water, fully mixing in a stirring mode, keeping the water-fertilizer ratio at 10, and stirring for 0.3-0.6h more for each kilogram of fertilizer;
s20, preparing a gel mixture: adding a water-retaining agent into the water-fertilizer mixed solution to form a gel mixture, fully stirring, keeping the specific gravity of the mixed solution and the water-retaining agent at 5:1, adding one kilogram of water-retaining agent each time, stirring for 1-1.5h more, wherein each cubic centimeter of the gel mixture contains 30-50 particles of water-retaining agent;
s30, preparing a coating: extruding the gel mixture and forming individual cylindrical coatings having a length of 1.2-1.8cm and a diameter of 1.2-1.8cm;
s40, manufacturing a sowing unit: the single coating enters the blanking channel, the corn seeds are sprayed into the coating, and the corn seeds enter the coating to form a sowing unit;
s50, digging holes in cultivated land: a plurality of planting holes are drilled along the length direction of the ridge, the spacing distances of the planting holes are the same, the planting holes are in a circular truncated cone shape, and the diameter of the top end of the planting holes is smaller than that of the bottom end of the planting holes;
s60, watering and sowing: water flows into the blanking channel, and the water flow drives the sowing unit to enter the planting hole;
s70, covering soil and burying: and covering the planting holes with soil, wherein the surfaces of the planted holes after being covered with soil are flush with the ground without holes.
In the embodiment, water and fertilizer are fully mixed to form water-fertilizer mixed liquid with a proper proportion; then adding the water retention agent into the water-fertilizer mixed solution to form a gel mixture, wherein the particles of the water retention agent can be uniformly distributed in the gel mixture; extruding the gel mixture into individual units, the individual units forming a cylindrical coating having a length of 1.2-1.8cm and a diameter of 1.2-1.8cm; the extruded coating is placed in the blanking channel 5, the corn seeds are sprayed into the coating to form a sowing unit, the sowing unit enters a planting hole in the ground, and the planting hole is in a circular truncated cone shape, namely the diameter of the top end of the planting hole is smaller than that of the bottom end of the planting hole; after the planting hole is drilled, water is injected into the blanking channel 5, the flowing water carries the sowing unit to enter the planting hole, and the sowing of the corn seeds is realized while the watering is finished; after the sowing units enter the planting holes, the planting holes are covered with soil and buried, so that the upper surfaces of the planting holes are flush with the ground, no gap is reserved in the planting holes, and the loss of water is further reduced.
The sowing method provided by the invention can ensure the water and fertilizer required by the seeds in the development process due to the coating consisting of the water, the fertilizer and the water-retaining agent, and the planting holes adopt a round table shape, so that the further waste of water sources in the watering process is avoided.
Furthermore, the diameter of the top end of the planting hole is 3-4cm, the diameter of the bottom end of the planting hole is 3.6-6cm, and the diameter of the bottom end of the planting hole is 1.2-1.5 times of the diameter of the top end of the planting hole.
In the embodiment, in order to increase the number of crops in a unit area and finally increase the yield of grains, the planting holes are arranged at intervals, the diameter of the top end of each planting hole is 3-4cm, the diameter of the bottom end of each planting hole is 3.6-6cm, and the diameter of the bottom end of each planting hole is 1.2-1.5 times of the diameter of the top end of each planting hole.
As shown in fig. 2-12, the present invention further provides a seeding machine used with the aforementioned seeding method, the seeding machine includes a self-propelled platform 1, a stirring mechanism 2, an extruding mechanism 3, an injecting mechanism 4, a blanking channel 5, a punching mechanism 6, a watering mechanism 7 and an earth covering mechanism 8, which are sequentially disposed on the self-propelled platform 1, the stirring mechanism 2 has a stirring paddle 9 and a stirring barrel 10, the stirring barrel 10 is disposed on the self-propelled platform 1, the stirring paddle 9 is rotatably disposed in the stirring barrel 10, the extruding mechanism 3 includes an extruder 11 and an extruding bin 12, the extruder 11 is used for extruding the gel mixture in the extruding bin 12 into a cylindrical capsule, the injecting mechanism 4 includes an injecting bin 13 and an injector 14, the sprayer 14 is connected and sprays storehouse 13 and will spray the seed in the storehouse 13 and spray in the capsule and be used for forming the seeding unit, the seeding unit is formed in blanking passageway 5, mechanism 6 that punches a hole includes hollow rotating shaft 15, drive assembly and pendulum sword 16, the tip of hollow rotating shaft 15 is located in the swing of pendulum sword 16, drive assembly provides the power of pendulum sword 16 wobbling, mechanism 7 that waters includes blanking pipe 17 and filler pipe 18, filler pipe 18 is connected to blanking passageway 5's one end, blanking pipe 17 is connected to the other end, the discharge end of blanking pipe 17 wears to locate in hollow rotating shaft 15, earthing mechanism 8 includes link 19 and earthing plate 20, link 19 is located on self-propelled platform 1, earthing plate 20 swings and locates on link 19, earthing plate 20 is the V type.
In the embodiment, in order to realize the sowing method, the invention provides a sowing machine matched with the sowing method, the sowing machine comprises a self-propelled platform 1, a stirring mechanism 2, an extruding mechanism 3, a spraying mechanism 4, a blanking channel 5, a punching mechanism 6, a watering mechanism 7 and an earthing mechanism 8, the stirring mechanism 2 is provided with a stirring paddle 9 and a stirring barrel 10, water and fertilizer are placed in the stirring barrel 10, the stirring paddle 9 is used for fully stirring the materials in the stirring barrel 10, after the water and the fertilizer are fully mixed, a water-retaining agent is added into the stirring barrel 10, then the stirring paddle 9 is used for fully stirring again, the extruding mechanism 3 comprises an extruder 11 and an extruding bin 12, a gel mixture formed by fully mixing water, the fertilizer and water-retaining agent particles enters the extruding bin 12 and is extruded into a cylindrical coating by the extruder 11, the coating extruded from the extruder 11 directly enters the blanking channel 5, the spraying mechanism 4 comprises a spraying bin 13 and an injector 14, the spraying bin 13 is used for placing the corn seeds, the injector 14 is arranged on the spraying bin 13, the corn seeds are directly impacted with a certain speed, and the coating unit is positioned on the corn seeds and is directly combined with the sowing unit, and the corn seed-seeding unit 14; the hole punching mechanism 6 comprises a hollow rotating shaft 15, a driving assembly and pendulum knives 16, the hollow rotating shaft 15 is rotatably arranged on the self-propelled platform 1, the pendulum knives 16 are arranged at the end parts of the hollow rotating shaft 15 in a swinging mode, the driving assembly provides power for swinging and swinging, before the pendulum knives 16 enter soil, the blade parts of the two pendulum knives 16 are located in a vertical plane and are parallel to each other, so that the pendulum knives 16 can be guaranteed to bear less friction force in the soil entering process, after swinging enters the soil, the driving assembly drives the two pendulum knives 16 to swing, an included angle is formed between the two swinging motions, then the hollow rotating shaft 15 rotates, so that the two pendulum knives 16 can be guaranteed to open a planting hole in a circular truncated cone shape in the follow-up process, the watering mechanism 7 comprises a blanking pipe 17 and a water adding pipe 18, the water adding pipe 18 and the blanking pipe 17 are communicated with the blanking passage 5, the water adding pipe 18 is used for adding water into the blanking passage 5, the blanking pipe 17 penetrates through the hollow rotating shaft 15, and when water enters the blanking passage 5, the sowing unit together with the sowing unit and finally enters the blanking pipe 17 and is removed from the blanking pipe 17; the soil covering mechanism 8 comprises a connecting frame 19 and a soil covering plate 20, the connecting frame 19 is arranged on the self-propelled platform 1, the soil covering plate 20 is arranged on the connecting frame 19, and the soil covering plate 20 is V-shaped, so that the soil surrounding the top end of the planting hole can be pushed into the planting hole by the soil covering plate 20.
In the invention, the stirring mechanism 2 also comprises a water tank, a fertilizer tank, a particle tank, a stirring motor 204 and a discharge pipe 205, wherein the water tank, the fertilizer tank and the particle tank are separated from the seeder and are used for respectively adding water, fertilizer and water-retaining agent particles into the stirring barrel 10, and in order to master the adding amount, an electronic scale can be matched with the water tank, the fertilizer tank and the particle tank; the stirring motor 204 is arranged on the stirring barrel 10 and is used for providing power for the stirring paddle 9; a discharge pipe 205 is disposed at the bottom of the mixing tank 10 for feeding the mixed gel mixture into the extrusion chamber 12.
In the invention, the extruding mechanism 3 further comprises an extruding motor 301, an extruding auger 302, an extruding ejector 303 and a cutter 304, wherein the extruding motor 301 is arranged on the extruding bin 12, the extruding auger 302 is arranged in the extruding bin 12, an output shaft of the extruding motor 301 is connected with the extruding auger 302, and the extruding motor 301 is used for providing power for the rotating of the extruding auger 302; an extrusion pusher 303 is arranged on the extrusion chamber 12, and a cutter 304 is arranged at the pushing end of the extrusion pusher 303, the cutter 304 being moved by the extrusion pusher 303 and serving to cut the gel mixture exiting the extruder 11 to form a cylindrical coating.
In the invention, the punching mechanism 6 further comprises a gear ring 601, a driving gear 602 and a punching motor 603, wherein the gear ring 601 is sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft 15, the punching motor 603 is arranged on the self-propelled platform 1, the driving gear 602 is arranged at the output end of the punching motor 603, and the driving gear 602 is meshed with the gear ring 601, so that the punching motor 603 can drive the hollow rotating shaft 15 to rotate. The hole drilling motor 603 further comprises a lifting platform 604, the hollow rotating shaft 15 is rotatably connected with the lifting platform 604, the lifting platform 604 moves in the vertical direction by means of a hydraulic system arranged on the self-propelled platform 1, and the gear ring 601, the driving gear 602 and the hole drilling motor 603 are all arranged on the lifting platform 604, as shown in fig. 10, as the swinging knife 16 is arranged at the end of the hollow rotating shaft 15, the swinging knife 16 can move in the vertical direction along with the hollow rotating shaft 15. When needing to punch, magnet 21 and electromagnetism 22 iron 21 attract each other, pendulum sword 16 enters into soil under the promotion of the pneumatic cylinder in hydraulic system, then electromagnetism 22 iron 21 cuts off the power supply, and pendulum sword 16 swings out under the effect of first spring 23, then under the drive of motor 603 of punching, hollow rotating shaft 15 rotates, and then pendulum sword 16 also rotates, because the vertical cross section of pendulum sword 16 presents right trapezoid, consequently when pendulum sword 16 is rotating, pendulum sword 16 can beat the hole of round platform form.
When punching, the self-propelled platform 1 is required to stop walking, and the self-propelled platform 1 can stop for a period of time after walking for a distance by setting the internal program of the self-propelled platform 1, so that the punching operation can be completed within the period of time when the self-propelled platform is stopped. The punching operation and the walking operation are not overlapped in time, namely, no punching is performed during walking, and no walking is performed during punching.
In the invention, the watering mechanism 7 further comprises a water storage bin 701, the water storage bin 701 is arranged on the self-propelled platform 1, and the water storage bin 701 is communicated with the water adding pipe 18. To reduce the weight of the overall device, the storage tank 701 is set to a small capacity, and water is added after each time the end of each ridge is reached. In order to ensure the amount of water required for plant growth and also to avoid water waste, a flow meter and valve may be provided in the water feed line 18, which ensures that the amount of water fed each time is fixed and adjustable.
As shown in fig. 10, further, the two swinging knives 16 are symmetrically arranged, the driving assembly includes a magnet 21, an electromagnet 22 and a first spring 23, the cross section of the swinging knife 16 is in a right trapezoid shape, the upper bottom of the right trapezoid shape is the upper end of the swinging knife 16, the lower bottom of the right trapezoid shape is the lower end of the swinging knife 16, the first spring 23 is arranged between the two swinging knives 16, the magnet 21 is arranged on one swinging knife 16, the electromagnet 22 is arranged on the other swinging knife 16, the electromagnet 22 is electrically connected with a self-contained power supply of the self-propelled platform 1, and the electromagnet 22 faces the magnet 21.
In this embodiment, the two swinging knives 16 are symmetrically arranged, the driving assembly comprises a magnet 21, an electromagnet 22 and a first spring 23, the cross section of the swinging knife 16 is in a right trapezoid shape, the upper bottom of the right trapezoid is the upper end of the swing, the lower bottom of the right trapezoid is the lower end of the swinging knife 16, the bevel edge of the swinging knife 16 is a blade part, the junction of the right-angle side and the upper side of the swinging knife 16 is hinged to the hollow rotating shaft 15, the right-angle sides of the two swinging knives 16 are oppositely arranged, the magnet 21 is arranged on the right-angle side of one swinging knife 16, the electromagnet 22 is arranged on the right-angle side of the other swinging knife 16, the electromagnet 22 is electrically connected with a self-powered power supply of the self-propelled platform 1, and the first spring 23 is arranged between the right-angle sides of the two swinging knives 16; when the electromagnet 22 is electrified, the electromagnet 22 generates an adsorption force, the electromagnet 22 and the magnet 21 are attracted together, and the first spring 23 is compressed; when the electromagnet 22 is powered off, the adsorption force of the electromagnet 22 disappears, and the first spring 23 is restored; the two oscillating knives 16 are used for realizing the oscillation of the oscillating knives 16 on the hollow rotating shaft 15 by means of the cooperation of the electromagnet 22, the magnet 21 and the first spring 23. The driving assembly is arranged in the form, so that the production cost can be reduced, the control can be conveniently carried out, and the obstacles can be timely eliminated.
As shown in fig. 5 to 8, further, the injection mechanism 4 further includes an indexer 24, a slider 25, a second spring 26 and a guide plate 27, the indexer 24 is disposed on the self-propelled platform 1, the indexer 24 has four stations, the indexer 24 has four sliding slots, the four sliding slots and the four stations are disposed in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the four sliders 25 are correspondingly slidably disposed in the sliding slots, the four second springs 26 are correspondingly disposed in the sliding slots, one end of the second spring 26 is connected to the slider 25, the other end is connected to the bottom end of the sliding slot, the axis of the second spring 26 is located in the sliding direction of the slider 25, the guide plate 27 is arranged on the self-propelled platform 1, the guide plate 27 is located right above the indexer 24, the guide plate 27 is provided with a guide plate 28, the guide plate 28 is in contact with the four sliders 25, the guide plate 28 sequentially comprises a part A, a part B, a part C and a part D along the sliding direction of the sliders 25, the curvature radius of the part A is larger than that of the part B, the curvature radii of the part B, the part C and the part D are the same, and the guide plate 28 is in circular arc transition among the parts.
In this embodiment, the injection mechanism 4 further includes an indexer 24, four slide blocks 25, four second springs 26, and a guide plate 27, the indexer 24 is disposed on the self-propelled platform 1 and has four stations, each station has four slide slots, the slide blocks 25 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the slide slots, the slide blocks 25 slide in the slide slots with the sliding direction along the radial direction of the indexer 24, the second springs 26 are disposed in the slide slots, one end of each second spring 26 is connected to the slide block 25, the other end of each second spring 26 is connected to a side wall of the slide slot, when the slide blocks 25 move in the slide slots, the second spring 26 will compress or extend, the guiding disc 27 is arranged on the self-propelled platform 1 and is positioned above the indexer 24, the guiding disc 27 is irregular, as shown in fig. 8, the edge of the guiding disc 27 is provided with a guiding plate 28, the guiding plate 28 is always in contact with the four sliders 25, the guiding plate 28 is composed of four parts, namely an a part, a B part, a C part and a D part in sequence, the four parts form a closed loop, the curvature radius of the a part is larger than that of the B part, the curvature radii of the B part, the C part and the D part are the same, and the transition part between the parts is in a circular arc structure. For a single slide block 25, during the movement in one cycle, because the curvature radius of each position of the guide plate 28 is different, the position of the slide block 25 in the corresponding sliding groove is different, and the second spring 26 can be in two states of power accumulation and release,
as shown in fig. 8, in order to enable the slider 25 to further move smoothly along the guide plate 28, the radius of curvature between the a portion and the B portion may be gradually decreased from large, the radius of curvature between the B portion, the C portion, and the D portion may be the same, and the radius of curvature between the D portion and the a portion may be gradually increased from small. The gradual radius of curvature extends the useful life of the second spring 26 and also reduces impact vibrations between the various components.
As shown in fig. 5 to 8, the injection mechanism 4 further includes a guiding rod 29 and a roller 30, one end of the guiding rod 29 is fixed on the sliding block 25, the other end is rotatably connected to the roller 30, and the outer edge of the roller 30 is in rolling contact with the guiding plate 28.
In this embodiment, in order to reduce the friction force applied to the slider 25 during the moving process and ensure that the slider 25 can be stably pulled by the guide plate 28, the slider 25 may be provided with a guide rod 29, and the other end of the guide rod 29 is provided with a roller 30, i.e., one end of the guide rod 29 is connected to the slider 25, the other end is connected to the roller 30, the roller 30 is connected to the guide rod 29 in a rolling manner, and the outer edge is in rolling contact with the guide plate 28, so that the friction force applied to the slider 25 and the guide plate 28 can be changed into rolling friction, and the friction force applied to the slider 25 during the moving process can be greatly reduced.
As shown in fig. 11 to 12, the soil covering mechanism 8 further includes a pressing block 31 and an ejector 32, the ejector 32 is disposed on the connecting frame 19 and has an ejector end, the ejector end reciprocates in the vertical direction, and the pressing block 31 is disposed on the ejector end and is used for preventing a gap from occurring in the planting hole.
In this embodiment, if after the soil in planting the hole covers, still have great clearance in planting the hole, can lead to the loss of moisture, in order to avoid this kind of condition, earthing mechanism 8 still has briquetting 31 and ejector 32, ejector 32 sets up on link 19 and has the top of pushing away, the top of pushing away can be followed vertical direction and removed, briquetting 31 sets up on the top of pushing away, just so can realize the removal of briquetting 31 in vertical direction, after earthing plate 20 impels soil in planting the hole, briquetting 31 can press soil, just so can guarantee to plant the soil in the hole and can not appear great clearance, the loss of moisture has been reduced.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The water-sitting sowing method for the corn in the arid and semi-arid farmland is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s10, preparing a water-fertilizer mixed solution: scattering the fertilizer into water, fully mixing in a stirring mode, keeping the water-fertilizer ratio at 10, and stirring for 0.3-0.6h more for each kilogram of fertilizer;
s20, preparing a gel mixture: adding a water-retaining agent into the water-fertilizer mixed solution to form a gel mixture, fully stirring, keeping the specific gravity of the mixed solution and the water-retaining agent at 5:1, adding one kilogram of water-retaining agent each time, stirring for 1-1.5h more, wherein each cubic centimeter of the gel mixture contains 30-50 particles of water-retaining agent;
s30, preparing a coating: extruding the gel mixture and forming individual cylindrical coatings having a length of 1.2-1.8cm and a diameter of 1.2-1.8cm;
s40, manufacturing a sowing unit: the single coating enters the blanking channel, the corn seeds are sprayed into the coating, and the corn seeds enter the coating to form a sowing unit;
s50, digging a hole in cultivated land: a plurality of planting holes are drilled along the length direction of the ridge, the spacing distances of the planting holes are the same, the planting holes are in a circular truncated cone shape, and the diameter of the top end of the planting holes is smaller than that of the bottom end of the planting holes;
s60, watering and sowing: water flows into the blanking channel, and the water flow drives the sowing unit to enter the planting hole;
s70, covering soil and burying: and covering the planting holes with soil, wherein the surfaces of the planted holes after being covered with soil are flush with the ground without holes.
2. The method for sowing corn in the arid and semi-arid lands according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the top end of the planting hole is 3-4cm, the diameter of the bottom end is 3.6-6cm, and the diameter of the bottom end is 1.2-1.5 times of the diameter of the top end.
3. The seeding machine for cooperation with a seeding method according to claim 1, comprising a self-propelled platform (1), a stirring mechanism (2), an extruding mechanism (3), an injecting mechanism (4), a blanking channel (5), a punching mechanism (6), a watering mechanism (7) and a soil covering mechanism (8) which are arranged on the self-propelled platform (1) in sequence, characterized in that the stirring mechanism (2) is provided with a stirring paddle (9) and a stirring barrel (10), the stirring barrel (10) is arranged on the self-propelled platform (1), the stirring paddle (9) is rotatably arranged in the stirring barrel (10), the extruding mechanism (3) comprises an extruder (11) and an extruding bin (12), the extruder (11) is used for extruding a gel mixture in the extruding bin (12) into a cylindrical coating, the injecting mechanism (4) comprises an injecting bin (13) and an injector (14), the injector (14) is connected with the injecting bin (13) and injects seeds in the injecting bin (13) into the coating to form a seeding unit, the seeding unit forms a swinging blade (15) in the spraying channel (5), the swinging blade (15) and the swinging blade (16) is arranged at the end of the swinging blade assembly (15), the driving assembly provides pendulum sword (16) wobbling power, the mechanism (7) of watering includes blanking pipe (17) and filler pipe (18), the one end of blanking passageway (5) is connected filler pipe (18), and the other end is connected blanking pipe (17), the discharge end of blanking pipe (17) is worn to locate in hollow rotating shaft (15), earthing mechanism (8) are including link (19) and earthing plate (20), link (19) are located on self-propelled platform (1), earthing plate (20) swing is located on link (19), earthing plate (20) are the V type.
4. The seeding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the swinging knives (16) are arranged symmetrically, the driving assembly comprises a magnet (21), an electromagnet (22) and a first spring (23), the cross section of the swinging knives (16) is in a right trapezoid shape, the upper bottom of the right trapezoid shape is the upper end of the swinging knives (16), the lower bottom of the right trapezoid shape is the lower end of the swinging knives (16), the first spring (23) is arranged between the two swinging knives (16), the magnet (21) is arranged on one swinging knife (16), the electromagnet (22) is arranged on the other swinging knife (16), the electromagnet (22) is electrically connected with a self-power supply of the self-propelled platform (1), and the electromagnet (22) faces the magnet (21).
5. Seeding machine according to claim 4, characterised in that the spraying mechanism (4) further comprises an indexer (24), a slider (25), a second spring (26) and a guide disc (27), the indexer (24) is arranged on the self-propelled platform (1), the indexer (24) is provided with four stations, the indexer (24) is provided with four sliding chutes which are arranged corresponding to the four stations one by one, four sliding blocks (25) are correspondingly arranged in the sliding groove in a sliding manner, four second springs (26) are correspondingly arranged in the sliding groove, one end of the second spring (26) is connected with the sliding block (25), the other end is connected with the bottom end of the sliding groove, the axis of the second spring (26) is located in the sliding direction of the slider (25), the guide disc (27) is arranged on the self-propelled platform (1), the guide disc (27) is positioned right above the indexer (24), the guide plate (27) has guide plates (28), the guide plates (28) are in contact with the four sliders (25), the guide plate (28) is provided with an A part, a B part, a C part and a D part in sequence along the sliding direction of the slide block (25), the curvature radius of the part A is larger than that of the part B, the curvature radii of the part B, the part C and the part D are the same, and the guide plate (28) is in circular arc transition among the parts.
6. The seed planter according to claim 5, wherein the radius of curvature between said portion A and said portion B is gradually smaller from large, the radius of curvature of the portions between said portion B, said portion C and said portion D is the same, and the radius of curvature of the portions between said portion D and said portion A is gradually larger from small.
7. The seeding machine according to claim 6, characterised in that the injection mechanism (4) further comprises a guide rod (29) and a roller (30), the guide rod (29) being fixed at one end to the sliding block (25) and at the other end being rotatably connected to the roller (30), the outer edge of the roller (30) being in rolling contact with the guide plate (28).
8. Seeding machine according to claim 7, characterised in that the covering mechanism (8) also has a pressing block (31) and an ejector (32), the ejector (32) being provided on the connecting frame (19) and having an ejector end which reciprocates in the vertical direction, the pressing block (31) being provided on the ejector end and being intended to prevent the occurrence of voids in the planting hole.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210144903.1A CN114467420B (en) | 2022-02-17 | 2022-02-17 | Method for sowing corn in water in arid and semi-arid farmland and matched sowing machine |
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| CN202210144903.1A CN114467420B (en) | 2022-02-17 | 2022-02-17 | Method for sowing corn in water in arid and semi-arid farmland and matched sowing machine |
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| CN114467420B true CN114467420B (en) | 2022-12-13 |
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| CN210491598U (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2020-05-12 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Drought-resistant corn seeder |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US9730377B2 (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2017-08-15 | Cnh Industrial Canada, Ltd. | Planter with on-board seed treatment |
| US10582655B2 (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2020-03-10 | Cnh Industrial Canada, Ltd. | System and method for spraying fluid onto seeds dispensed from a planter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000333511A (en) * | 1999-05-27 | 2000-12-05 | Agri Techno Yazaki Kk | Direct seeding machine |
| CN1829435A (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2006-09-06 | 昭和电工株式会社 | Seed coating composition, coated seed, and coating method |
| CN101773007A (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-07-14 | 赵成哲 | Swaddled early sowing corn seed |
| CN105612863A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2016-06-01 | 韩国农神生物产业株式会社 | Coated seed manufacturing method and coated seed prepared by coated seed manufacturing method |
| CN106305023A (en) * | 2015-07-05 | 2017-01-11 | 申茂军 | Corn planting technique with water-retaining agent |
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| CN210491598U (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2020-05-12 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Drought-resistant corn seeder |
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| CN114467420A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
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