CN114459819B - Sample diluting tube and sampling kit using same - Google Patents
Sample diluting tube and sampling kit using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN114459819B CN114459819B CN202210121088.7A CN202210121088A CN114459819B CN 114459819 B CN114459819 B CN 114459819B CN 202210121088 A CN202210121088 A CN 202210121088A CN 114459819 B CN114459819 B CN 114459819B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012898 sample dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002550 fecal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 68
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 115
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
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- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D29/56—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection
- B01D29/58—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection arranged concentrically or coaxially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/02—Filters adapted for location in special places, e.g. pipe-lines, pumps, stop-cocks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
- G01N2001/1445—Overpressure, pressurisation at sampling point
- G01N2001/1454—Positive displacement, piston
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2866—Grinding or homogeneising
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
- G01N2001/382—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples using pistons of different sections
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a sample diluting tube and a sampling kit using the same. The sample diluting tube includes: a pipe body; the sealing piston is sleeved on the inner side of the pipe body in a free sliding manner; the sealing cover is arranged at the upper part of the pipe body and is provided with a sample injection channel; the tube body, the sealing piston and the sealing cover enclose a diluent space, and when a sample is extruded into diluent from the sample injection channel, the sealing piston can automatically slide to realize the enlargement of the volume of the diluent space. The invention minimizes the contact opportunity of the sample and the diluent with the external air, maintains the anaerobic environment, and improves the separation and culture efficiency of anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms in the fecal sample.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a sample diluting tube and a sampling kit using the same.
Background
A large number of microorganisms exist in the intestinal tract, the microorganisms are closely related to the health degree of animals, and the aim of researching the intestinal microorganisms is to know the symbiotic relationship between animals and the microorganisms and the process relationship between the microbial flora change and diseases, so that a theoretical basis is laid for developing and utilizing the microorganisms to promote the health of the human body and the animals. Investigation of intestinal microorganisms effective information is usually obtained through investigation of fecal microorganisms, feces are sampled and diluted, and further obtaining microbial species through separation culture is a common technical means in intestinal microorganism investigation. The quantitative sampling and quantitative dilution of the fecal specimen are helpful for effectively judging the variety and abundance of various microorganisms in the intestinal tract.
In the fecal sample detection process, the sample needs to be quantitatively collected at first, and sample diluent is uniformly mixed to perform sample addition detection. However, anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms in the intestinal tract easily die under the action of oxygen in the air after the feces are discharged from the body, and thus it is important to maintain an effective anaerobic environment during sampling. However, the current fecal sampling device cannot always maintain an effective anaerobic environment, so that the culture and separation effects of anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms in fecal microorganism research are seriously affected.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
The present invention aims to at least partially solve at least one of the above technical problems.
(II) technical scheme
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a sample diluting tube comprising: a pipe body; the sealing piston is sleeved on the inner side of the pipe body in a free sliding manner; the sealing cover is arranged at the upper part of the pipe body and is provided with a sample injection channel; the tube body, the sealing piston and the sealing cover enclose a diluent space, and when a sample is extruded into diluent from the sample injection channel, the sealing piston can automatically slide to realize the enlargement of the volume of the diluent space.
In some embodiments of the invention, further comprising: the sampling needle is fixed at the bottom of the sealing piston, a sampling channel is formed in the sampling needle, the sampling channel is upwards communicated with the diluent space, and the needle head of the sampling needle penetrates through the sealing piston and extends to the inner space of the pipe body at the lower part of the sealing piston; the elastic sealing sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the needle head of the sampling needle extending out of the sealing piston.
In some embodiments of the invention, further comprising: and the second filter disc is arranged at the upper part of the sealing piston and at least covers the opening of the sampling channel facing the diluent space.
In some embodiments of the invention, further comprising: the bottom cover is detachably covered at the bottom of the pipe body, and the sealing piston with the sampling needle is encapsulated at the inner side of the pipe body.
In some embodiments of the invention, the cap is recessed downwardly to form a dosing chamber that communicates with the diluent space through the sample channel; the sample dilution tube further comprises: the middle part of the top cover is downwards protruded to form an extrusion column, and the front end of the extrusion column is matched with the position and the shape of the quantitative cavity; when the top cover is gradually pressed down, the extruding column and the quantifying cavity form a plunger piston fit, so that the sample in the quantifying cavity is extruded into the diluent.
In some embodiments of the invention, outside the dosing chamber, the cover is recessed downward to form an overflow chamber; wherein the quantifying cavity is cylindrical; the overflow chamber is annular and surrounds the periphery of the dosing cavity.
In some embodiments of the invention, the outer peripheral side of the tube body or closure is formed with external threads; an internal thread is formed on the inner peripheral side of the cover body of the top cover, and the internal thread is matched with the external thread; when not in use, the bottom of the external thread is provided with a limiting ring, so that the internal thread cannot be screwed to the bottom of the external thread, and the front end of the extrusion column is positioned at the outer side of the quantitative cavity; when the device is used, the limiting ring is removed, the extruding column on the top cover gradually extrudes into the quantifying cavity along with the downward rotation of the internal thread meshed with the external thread, and a sample with a corresponding volume is extruded into the diluent space.
In some embodiments of the invention, the bottom of the dosing chamber is provided with a first filter sheet.
In some embodiments of the invention, when not in use, the dosing chamber is covered with a sealing film; before use, the sealing film is uncovered.
In some embodiments of the invention, the tube body is integrally formed with the closure.
In some embodiments of the invention, the tube body is of transparent and translucent material.
In some embodiments of the invention, further comprising: one or more grinding balls are accommodated in the diluent space.
In some embodiments of the invention, the diluent is deoxygenated prior to filling and the filling is performed in an anaerobic environment.
To achieve the above object, according to a second aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a sampling kit comprising: a sample dilution tube as above; the top of the sampling tube is covered with an elastic plug, and the outer diameters of the sampling tube and the elastic plug are smaller than the inner diameter of the tube body of the sample dilution tube; wherein, during sample transfer, the sampling needle pierces the resilient plug; the sealing piston is pushed upwards by the elastic plug to slide upwards, so that the diluent containing the sample in the diluent space is extruded into the sampling tube.
In some embodiments of the invention, the sampling tube is a vacuum tube.
In some embodiments of the invention, the resilient plug is a rubber material.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the sampling tube is a transparent or translucent material.
In some embodiments of the invention, the sample dilution tube and the sampling tube satisfy: l is greater than or equal to H1-T, wherein L is the length of the sampling tube, H1 is the height of the diluent space after the sample is added, and T is the thickness of the sealing piston of the sample diluting tube.
(III) beneficial effects
As can be seen from the technical scheme, the invention has at least one of the following advantages:
(1) A diluent space is formed by enclosing the pipe body, the sealing piston and the sealing cover, diluent is kept in a sealed state in the diluent space initially, then after a sample is sent into the diluent, the sealing piston can slide downwards independently to enlarge the diluent space, the sample and the diluent are prevented from contacting with the outside air to the greatest extent, the anaerobic environment is maintained, and the anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganism separation culture efficiency in the fecal sample is improved.
(2) The sampling needle is arranged on the sealing piston, the elastic sealing sleeve tightly connected with the sealing piston is arranged on the outer side of the sampling needle to form a sealing structure, when a fecal sample is squeezed into a diluting liquid space, the sealing piston moves downwards, and the diluting liquid cannot flow out of a sampling channel in the sampling needle. Under the upward thrust action of the sampling tube during sampling, the needle head of the sampling needle pierces the elastic sealing sleeve and the rubber plug at the top of the sampling tube, and the sample diluent enters the sampling tube under the thrust and/or vacuum suction action. And when the sampling is finished, the elastic sealing sleeve restores the wrapping state of the needle head under the action of elasticity, so that the influence of sample outflow or air entering on the next sample collection is avoided.
(3) The middle part of the sealing cover is downwards sunken to form a quantitative cavity, under the action of the extrusion column, a sample with the volume limited by the quantitative cavity can be extruded into a diluent space, a quantitative fecal sample is obtained through volume control, and the concentration controllability of the fecal sample diluent is ensured, so that the device is more convenient and accurate.
(4) The outer side of the pipe body is provided with an external thread, the inner side of the top cover is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread, and when the pipe is not used, the bottom of the outer side of the external thread is provided with a limiting ring, so that the internal thread cannot be screwed to the bottom of the external thread, and the front end of the extrusion column is positioned at the outer side of the quantitative cavity; in the use state, the limiting ring is removed, the internal thread is screwed down to the bottom of the external thread, and the extruding column on the top cover is used for extruding the sample in the quantitative cavity downwards to extrude the sample into the diluent space.
(5) Further, fecal sample volume v=dosing chamber cross-sectional area s×stop collar height H into the diluent. The change of the sampling volume can be realized by changing limit rings or limit ring combinations with different heights.
(6) Outside the quantifying cavity, the sealing cover is downwards sunken to form an overflow chamber, so that excessive fecal sample can be extruded into the overflow chamber from the quantifying cavity, and pollution caused by overflowing of the fecal sample from other positions is avoided.
(7) In the unused state, the sealing film is covered on the quantitative cavity so as to ensure that oxygen in the air can not enter the sample diluting tube before sampling. When the anaerobic fermentation device is used, the sealing film is torn, a sample is filled into the quantitative cavity and is extruded into the diluent, so that oxygen in the air is prevented from entering the diluent system to influence anaerobic bacteria activity.
(8) The whole sampling kit also comprises a sampling tube which is matched with the sampling needle, when the sampling tube is in actual use, the sealing piston is pushed to slide upwards by the elastic plug at the upper part of the sampling tube by utilizing the characteristic that the sealing piston can slide at the inner side of the tube body, so that the diluent of the fecal sample in the diluent space is extruded into the sampling tube, and the quantitative sampling of the diluent can be realized by the upward moving distance of the sealing piston and the sampling tube.
(9) The body of the sample diluting tube and the sampler can be made of transparent and semitransparent materials, so that the sample diluting tube is convenient for a detector to observe the state of the sample diluting liquid inside.
(10) The top in diluent space sets up first filter piece, sets up the second filter piece in the bottom, and first filter piece effect is for the preliminary filtration falls animal and plant fibre and the large granule food residue that do not have research meaning in the excrement, and the second filter piece aperture is less than the aperture of sampling needle sampling channel, avoids granule suspended solid to block sampling channel.
(11) The grinding ball in the diluent space can grind the fecal sample entering the diluent space, so that the bacterial colony in the fecal sample can be uniformly dispersed in the diluent, and the uniformity of the diluted sample is improved.
(12) And (3) carrying out deoxidization operation before filling the diluent, and filling in an anaerobic environment to ensure that dissolved oxygen does not exist in the diluent. Meanwhile, after the sample is filled into the quantifying cavity, the top cover is covered immediately, and after the sample is extruded into the diluting liquid space, the extruding column is matched with the quantifying cavity to form a plunger, the upper part of the tube body is completely sealed, and the elastic sealing sleeve at the lower part of the tube body is sleeved at the lower part of the sampling needle, so that the whole diluting liquid space is ensured to maintain an anaerobic environment, and the anaerobic state of destroying the liquid diluting agent by external oxygen is prevented to the greatest extent.
Drawings
Fig. 1A, 1B, and 1C are perspective, top, and front views, respectively, of a fecal sample dilution tube according to an embodiment of the present invention before use.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the stool sample diluting pipe of FIG. 1C taken along the direction A-A.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the fecal sample dilution tube shown in fig. 1C after use.
Fig. 4A, 4B, and 4C are a perspective view, a top view, and a front view, respectively, of a stool sampling kit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B of a portion of the diluent in the fecal sampling kit of FIG. 4C after transfer to the sampling tube.
[ Main reference numerals in the drawings ]
100. Excrement sample dilution tube
110. A pipe body;
120. A cover; 121. a dosing chamber; 122. an overflow chamber; 123. a sample introduction channel;
130. a top cover; 131. an extrusion column; 132. a limiting ring;
140. A sealing piston;
150. a diluent space; 151. a first filter sheet; 152. a second filter sheet; 153. grinding balls;
160. A sampling needle; 161. a rubber protective sleeve;
170. A bottom cover;
210. A sampling tube; 220. an elastic plug;
l is the length of the sampling tube;
h0 is the height of the diluent space when no sample is added to the diluent;
h1 is the height of the diluent space after the sample is added into the diluent;
h2 is the height of the diluent space after a portion of the diluent is transferred to the sampling tube;
T is the thickness of the sealing piston of the sample dilution tube.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an intestinal microorganism sampling device for completing the fecal sample treatment process under a relatively anaerobic condition, and the intestinal microorganism sampling device can meet the research requirements of intestinal anaerobic microorganisms. Before describing particular embodiments, it is to be noted that:
(1) Although most of the embodiments are described by taking a fecal sample as an example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the sample diluting tube and the corresponding sampler of the present invention can be applied to the detection of anaerobic microorganisms in other application scenarios as well, for example: detection of certain cultural relics in archaeological applications.
(2) It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the sample dilution tube and corresponding sampling kit of the present invention are equally applicable to the detection of other mammalian fecal samples.
(3) The main innovation points of the invention include but are not limited to the following two points: ① The diluent space can be automatically adapted to the addition of the sample; ② The dosing chamber may control the amount of sample that enters the diluent space. The two innovation points are independent and can be adopted independently. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the sample diluting tube can be applied to both of the above innovative points, or can be applied to only one of the innovative points, and the corresponding beneficial effects can be achieved.
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
In a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a stool sample dilution tube is provided.
Fig. 1A, 1B, and 1C are perspective, top, and front views, respectively, of a fecal sample dilution tube according to an embodiment of the present invention before use. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the stool sample diluting pipe of FIG. 1C taken along the direction A-A. Fig. 4A, 4B, and 4C are a perspective view, a top view, and a front view, respectively, of a stool sampling kit according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B of a portion of the diluent in the fecal sampling kit of FIG. 4C after transfer to the sampling tube.
Referring to fig. 4A, 4B, 4C and 5, the fecal sampling kit comprises: a fecal sample dilution tube 100 and a sampling tube 210. In the stool sample dilution, only the stool sample dilution tube 100 is used. Through the sample retention work of the sample after both cooperation use realization dilutes, need get rid of sample dilution pipe bottom this moment, in the middle of the body of excrement and urine sample dilution pipe is gone deep into to sampling pipe 210, and the sampling needle pierces rubber protective sheath and sampling pipe plug, upwards promotes sealed piston, and excrement and urine sample diluent gets into the transfer pipe through the sampling needle.
With continued reference to fig. 1A, 1B, 1C and 2, a fecal sample dilution tube 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises:
The pipe body 110 is in a sleeve shape;
A cover 120 covering the upper part of the tube body, and having a dosing chamber 121, an overflow chamber 122, and a sample introduction passage 123 formed at the upper part thereof;
A top cover 130, which is arranged above the sealing cover 120 and extends downwards to form a squeezing column 131, and the front end of the squeezing column is matched with the position and shape of the quantifying cavity;
A sealing piston 140 slidably sleeved on the inner side of the pipe body, wherein a diluent space 150 is defined among the pipe body 110, the sealing piston 140 and the sealing cover 120;
The sampling needle 160 is fixed in the sealing piston, a sampling channel is formed in the sampling needle, the sampling channel is upwards communicated with the diluent space, the needle head of the sampling needle penetrates through the sealing piston and extends to the inner space of the pipe body at the lower part of the sealing piston, and an elastic sealing sleeve is sleeved outside the needle head;
A bottom cover 170, which is detachably provided at the bottom of the tube body, encapsulates the sealing piston 140 and the sampling needle 160 in the inner space of the tube body.
The respective components of the fecal sample dilution tube 100 of the present embodiment are described in detail below.
First, the pipe body 110 has a tubular structure with a smooth inner wall, and a piston space for the sealing piston 140 to move is formed inside. The upper part of the tube body is provided with a sealing cover 120. The tube body 110, the sealing piston 140 and the sealing cover 120 enclose a diluent space 150 therebetween. The diluent space 150 is filled with diluent in advance. The sealing piston 140 is tightly matched with the inner side wall of the pipe body, and the volume of the diluent space is adjusted by sliding up and down.
In this embodiment, the diluent in the diluent space is a sterile deoxygenated diluent for diluting the fecal sample to be tested. The sterile deoxygenated diluent is filled in an anaerobic environment and has been deoxygenated prior to filling. And the gas in the diluent space has been exhausted before the sample dilution tube is sealed. For information about the diluent, reference may be made to the related description of the prior art, and will not be repeated here.
During sampling, the top cover 130 is taken down from the pipe body 110, the pasty fecal sample is filled into the quantifying cavity 121 on the sealing cover, then the top cover 120 is covered again and gradually screwed, during the downward movement of the top cover 130, the fecal sample in the quantifying cavity 121 is extruded by the extrusion column, enters the diluting liquid space through the sample injection channel 123, and the fecal particles are scattered by the grinding balls through shaking, and are diluted in the diluting liquid space.
After the fecal sample enters the diluent space through the sample introduction channel, the volume of the diluent becomes large due to the addition of the fecal sample, and the sealing piston 140 automatically slides downwards on the inner side of the tube body to expand the diluent space. Comparing fig. 2 and 3, the height of the diluent space before entering the fecal sample is H0 and the height after being squeezed into the fecal sample is H1, H1 > H0.
In the process, the fecal sample is not contacted with air, so that the chance that the fecal sample and the diluent are contacted with the outside air is reduced, the activity of anaerobic microorganisms is protected, and the survival probability of anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms in the fecal sample is improved.
In summary, in this embodiment, a diluent space is enclosed between the pipe body, the sealing piston and the sealing cover, the diluent is kept in a sealed state in the diluent space initially, and then after the sample is sent into the diluent, the sealing piston can slide downward independently to expand the diluent space, so that the chance that the sample and the diluent contact with the outside air is minimized, the anaerobic environment is maintained, and the accuracy of anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganism detection in the fecal sample is improved.
Next, a dosing chamber 121 and an overflow chamber 122 are formed in the cover 120. Because the sealing cover and the pipe body are both made of resin materials, the cavity is formed by the concave part on the sealing cover and the pipe body conveniently.
The quantitative cavity 121 is formed by sinking downwards on the sealing cover, the quantitative cavity 121 is cylindrical, the upper diameter and the lower diameter are the same, the material is slightly elastic, the quantitative cavity can be tightly matched with the extrusion column, and the sealing of the upper part of the diluent space is facilitated. Under the action of the extrusion column 131, the fecal sample with the volume defined by the height of the positioning ring can be extruded into the diluent space 150, and the excessive fecal sample cannot enter the sample diluent, so that the quantitative fecal sample is obtained through volume control, and the concentration controllability of the fecal sample diluent is ensured, so that the method is more convenient and accurate.
The bottom of the dosing chamber is provided with a first filter 151. The first filter has a pore size of between 30 and 400 mesh. In this embodiment, the aperture of the first filter is 50 mesh. This first filter piece 151 can carry out preliminary filtration to the excrement and urine sample of treating the separation, avoids not having the animal and plant fibre of research meaning and large granule food waste to get into the diluent space, reduces the detection degree of difficulty, improves the accuracy that detects.
Outside the dosing chamber, the cap is recessed downwards forming an annular overflow chamber 122. The overflow chamber 122 is intended to collect fecal samples outside the volume defined by the dosing chamber. Through the arrangement, excessive fecal samples can be extruded into the overflow chamber from the quantitative cavity, so that pollution caused by overflow of the fecal samples from other positions is avoided.
Before sampling, the sealing film is covered on the quantifying cavity 121 to ensure that oxygen in the air cannot enter the inside of the sample diluting tube before sampling. When the sample is to be sampled, the top cover is opened, the sealing film is uncovered, the fecal sample is filled in the quantifying cavity, and then the top cover is covered. Therefore, only at the moment of filling the sample, the diluent and the excrement sample are in short contact with the outside, so that the outside oxygen is prevented from being dissolved into the diluent to the greatest extent, and the oxygen in the air is prevented from entering the dilution system to influence the activity of anaerobic bacteria.
Again, an external thread is formed on the circumference of the outer side of the sealing cover; an internal thread is formed on the circumference of the inner side of the cover body of the top cover, and the internal thread is matched with the external thread. In the unused state, the bottom of the outer side of the external thread is provided with a limiting ring 132, so that the internal thread cannot be screwed to the bottom of the external thread, and the front end of the extrusion column 131 is positioned at the outer side of the dosing cavity 121, so as to prevent the extrusion column 131 from excessively extruding the sealing film on the dosing cavity. Before sampling, the stop collar 132 is removed and the cap 130 is unscrewed. After sampling, the cap is re-screwed on and the internal thread is screwed down to the bottom of the external thread, causing the squeeze column on the cap to squeeze the sample in the dosing chamber down into the diluent space, as shown in fig. 3. Through the combined arrangement, the quantitative sampling of the fecal sample dilution tube can be realized.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the depth of the cap unscrewing can be used to control the volume of sample expressed into the diluent space, with the fecal sample volume v=the dosing chamber cross-sectional area S the stop collar height H. The change of the sampling volume can be realized by changing limit rings or limit ring combinations with different heights.
In addition, although the external thread is disposed on the top cover portion in the present embodiment, in other embodiments of the present invention, the external thread may also be disposed on the pipe body, which may also achieve the effects of the present invention, and will not be described herein.
Again, in this embodiment, the sampling needle 160 is fixed to the sealing piston, and a sampling channel is formed in the sampling needle, and the sampling channel is upwardly communicated with the diluent space, and the needle head of the sampling needle passes through the sealing piston and extends to the inner space of the tube body at the lower part of the sealing piston; the elastic sealing sleeve 161 is sleeved on the outer side of the needle head of the sampling needle extending out of the sealing piston and is tightly connected with the sealing piston to form a closed structure. The sampling needle 160 is used in cooperation with a subsequent sampling tube 210. The sampling needle 160 may be made of a hard plastic material or a metal material.
The sampling channel of the sampling needle 160 does not affect the tightness of the diluent space due to the elastic protection of the elastic sealing sleeve 161. Since the sealing piston 140 is freely slidable along the inner side of the tube body, when the fecal sample is squeezed in by the squeezing column 131, the diluent does not flow out of the sampling channel, but only the sealing piston 140 is caused to slide downward autonomously to increase the volume of the diluent space.
As described above, the needle tip of the sampling needle passes through the sealing piston and extends into the interior space of the tube body below the sealing piston. The bottom cover 170 is detachably covered on the bottom of the tube body, and encapsulates the needle head of the sampling needle inside the tube body. The bottom cap 170 is placed over the bottom of the tube during transport and sampling. After the sampling is completed, the bottom cover 170 is removed and the sampling tube 210 is loaded. The bottom cover 170 prevents accidental injury from the needle.
With continued reference to fig. 1A, 1B, 1C and 2, a second filter 152 is disposed at the upper portion of the sealing piston in the diluent space. The second filter 152 covers at least the opening of the sampling channel towards the diluent space, and has a pore size of between 80 and 400 mesh, in this embodiment 100 mesh. The second filter disc can filter large particle magazines in the excrement sample diluent, and only the diluent with the detection value of microorganisms can enter the sampling tube, so that the sampling channel of the sampling needle is prevented from being blocked.
In addition, a plurality of grinding balls 153 are contained in the diluent, and are accommodated in the diluent space. The grinding balls can be glass, ceramic, stainless steel or other materials with density larger than that of the diluent and no influence on the microbial activity, and the glass balls are adopted in the embodiment. The grinding balls can break up the fecal sample entering the diluent space, promote the uniform distribution of microorganisms therein, sufficiently dilute the fecal sample, realize uniform mixing of the fecal sample in the sampling tube and promote the uniformity of the diluted sample.
Finally, the stool sample dilution tube of this embodiment also has the following two points to be described:
(1) In this embodiment, the cover 120 is integrally formed with the tube 110. However, in other embodiments of the present invention, the cover 120 and the pipe body 110 may be formed separately and then connected together by gluing, screwing, or the like. Those skilled in the art will understand the forming and connecting manner of the two, and the description thereof will not be repeated here.
(2) In this embodiment, in order to facilitate observation of the diluent and the state of the sample in the diluent, the tube body is designed so far, and the fecal sample dilution tube according to the embodiment of the present invention is described.
Although the present embodiment is described by taking the fecal sample dilution tube as an example, the sample dilution tube of the present invention may be used for detection of anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms in other application scenarios, for example, archaeological and deep sea environments.
In a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a stool sampling kit is also provided.
Referring to fig. 4A, 4B, 4C and 5, the fecal sampling kit comprises: sample dilution tube 100 as described above; and, a sampling tube 210 capped at its top with a resilient plug 220. Wherein the outer diameter of the sampling tube 210 and the elastic plug 220 is smaller than the inner diameter of the tube body of the sample diluting tube. The elastic plug 220 is a soft material that can puncture and rebound, preferably a rubber material.
During the transfer of the diluent, the bottom cap 170 of the sample diluent tube is removed, the sampling tube 210 is pushed into the interior space of the tube body, the sampling needle 160 pierces the resilient stopper 220 to extend into the sampling tube, and the sample diluent is sucked or squeezed into the sampling tube 210 through the sampling channel. In contrast to fig. 3 and 5, the diluent space has a height H1 after being squeezed into the fecal sample and a height of the diluent space changes to H2 after a portion of the diluent is squeezed into the sampling tube.
In order to be able to mix the fecal sample in the diluent space, the diluent can be fully introduced into the sampling tube 200, the sample dilution tube 100 and the sampling tube 210 satisfying:
L≥H1-T
wherein L is the length of the sampling tube, H1 is the height of the diluent space after the fecal sample is added, and T is the thickness of the sealing piston of the fecal sample dilution tube.
The sampling tube 210 may determine the sampling volume through vacuum adjustment during the production process. Reagent components capable of removing residual oxygen and nutrient components capable of maintaining the biological activity of microorganisms can be added into the sampling tube, so that anaerobic microorganisms in the sample can survive normally.
Therefore, the elastic plug at the upper part of the sampling tube pushes the sealing piston to slide upwards by utilizing the characteristic that the sealing piston can move up and down in the tube body, so that the diluent of the fecal sample in the diluent space is extruded into the sampling tube, and the use flexibility of the fecal sampler is greatly improved.
Referring to fig. 2,3 and 5, the following complete description of the use process of the fecal sampling kit according to the present embodiment is provided:
(1) The sampling sheet is a piece of wood chip and is used for picking a fecal sample; the stool sample dilution tube is shown in fig. 2;
(2) The top cover 130 and the limiting ring 132 are removed, the sealing film is uncovered, the fecal sample is picked up by the sampling sheet and added into the quantifying cavity 121, the top cover 130 is covered, the extruding column 131 with the top cover recessed downwards is extruded into the quantifying cavity 121 by rotating the top cover 130, and the part with better fluidity in the sample to be detected is extruded into the diluent space 150 due to the action of the first filter sheet 151, as shown in fig. 3.
(3) Vibrating the bottle body, and grinding and uniformly mixing the fecal sample by the glass ball;
(4) The lower cap is removed and the sampling tube 210 is pushed in from the bottom end and the elastic sealing sleeve at the needle position of the sampling needle is pierced by the elastic plug 220 of the sample transfer tube. The needle of the sampling needle 160 pierces the elastic stopper of the sample transfer tube and the diluted sample diluent flows into the sample tube under vacuum, while the sealing piston 140 of the sample dilution tube slides up the tube body as the diluent volume 150 becomes smaller.
(5) To more thoroughly squeeze the diluent into the sample tube, the sample tube may also be pushed upward, causing the sealing piston 140 to continue to move upward, squeezing all of the sample diluent in the diluent space into the sample tube, as shown in FIG. 5. After the sampling process is completed, the sampling tube is pulled out to complete the sampling process.
Thus, the fecal sampling kit according to the embodiment of the invention is introduced.
Thus, various embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention should be clearly recognized by those skilled in the art in light of the above description.
In summary, the sample dilution tube and the sample kit with good anaerobic protection effect on the sample are provided, the workflow of quantitative dilution and quantitative sampling of the sample is realized, the excessive contact of anaerobic microorganisms with oxygen in the environment is avoided, the survival probability of the anaerobic microorganisms is improved, and the sample dilution tube and the sample kit have strong practical value.
It should be noted that, for some implementations, if they are not critical to the present invention and are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, they are not described in detail in the drawings or the specification, and may be understood with reference to the related art.
Further, the embodiments described above are provided solely for the purpose of enabling the present invention to meet the legal requirements and may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Furthermore, the above definitions of the elements and methods are not limited to the specific structures, shapes or modes mentioned in the embodiments, and may be simply modified or replaced by those of ordinary skill in the art.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments, directional terms, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., refer to the directions of the drawings only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Like elements are denoted by like or similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. Conventional structures or constructions will be omitted when they may cause confusion in understanding the present invention.
And the shapes and dimensions of the various elements in the drawings do not reflect actual sizes and proportions, but merely illustrate the contents of embodiments of the present invention. In addition, in the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms described above will be understood to those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.
Furthermore, the word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims (10)
1. A sample dilution tube, comprising:
A pipe body;
The sealing piston is sleeved on the inner side of the pipe body in a free sliding manner;
The sealing cover is arranged at the upper part of the pipe body and is provided with a sample injection channel;
the device comprises a tube body, a sealing piston and a sealing cover, wherein a diluent space is formed by the tube body, the sealing piston and the sealing cover, and when a sample is extruded into diluent from a sample injection channel, the sealing piston can automatically slide to realize the enlargement of the volume of the diluent space;
The cover is downwards sunken to form a quantitative cavity, and the quantitative cavity is communicated with the diluent space through a sample injection channel; the bottom of the quantifying cavity is provided with a first filter disc.
2. The sample dilution tube of claim 1, further comprising:
the sampling needle is fixed at the bottom of the sealing piston, a sampling channel is formed in the sampling needle, the sampling channel is upwards communicated with the diluent space, and the needle head of the sampling needle penetrates through the sealing piston and extends to the inner space of the pipe body at the lower part of the sealing piston;
And the elastic sealing sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the needle head of the sampling needle extending out of the sealing piston.
3. The sample dilution tube according to claim 2, wherein:
further comprises: the second filter disc is arranged at the upper part of the sealing piston and at least covers the opening of the sampling channel facing the diluent space; and/or
Further comprises: the bottom cover is detachably covered at the bottom of the pipe body, and the sealing piston with the sampling needle is packaged at the inner side of the pipe body.
4. The sample dilution tube according to claim 1, wherein:
the sample dilution tube further comprises: the middle part of the top cover is downwards protruded to form an extrusion column, and the front end of the extrusion column is matched with the position and the shape of the quantitative cavity;
Wherein, when the top cover is gradually pressed down, the extrusion column and the quantitative cavity form a plunger piston fit, so that the sample in the quantitative cavity is extruded into the diluent.
5. The sample dilution tube according to claim 4, wherein outside the dosing chamber, the cap is recessed downward to form an overflow chamber;
Wherein the quantifying cavity is cylindrical; the overflow chamber is annular and surrounds the periphery of the quantifying cavity.
6. The sample dilution tube according to claim 4, wherein the sample dilution tube comprises a tube body;
An external thread is formed on the outer peripheral side of the pipe body or the sealing cover;
an internal thread is formed on the inner peripheral side of the cover body of the top cover, and the internal thread is matched with the external thread;
When not in use, the bottom of the external thread is provided with a limiting ring, so that the internal thread cannot be screwed to the bottom of the external thread, and the front end of the extrusion column is positioned at the outer side of the quantitative cavity; when the device is used, the limiting ring is removed, and as the internal thread and the external thread are meshed and rotated downwards, the extrusion column on the top cover is gradually extruded into the quantitative cavity, and samples with corresponding volumes are extruded into the diluent space.
7. The sample dilution tube according to claim 4, wherein:
When not in use, the quantitative cavity is covered with a sealing film; before use, the sealing film is uncovered.
8. The sample dilution tube according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein:
the pipe body and the sealing cover are integrally formed; and/or
The pipe body is made of transparent and semitransparent materials; and/or
Further comprises: one or more grinding balls are accommodated in the diluent space; and/or
The diluent is subjected to deoxidization operation before filling and is filled in an anaerobic environment.
9. A sampling kit, comprising:
A sample dilution tube according to claim 2 or 3;
the top of the sampling tube is covered with an elastic plug, and the outer diameters of the sampling tube and the elastic plug are smaller than the inner diameter of the tube body of the sample dilution tube;
wherein, during sample transfer, the sampling needle pierces the resilient plug; the elastic plug pushes the sealing piston to slide upwards, so that the diluent containing the sample in the diluent space is extruded into the sampling tube.
10. The sampling kit of claim 9, wherein;
the sampling tube is a vacuum tube; and/or
The elastic plug is made of rubber; and/or
The sampling tube is made of transparent or semitransparent materials; and/or
The sample dilution tube and the sampling tube satisfy: l is greater than or equal to H1-T, wherein L is the length of the sampling tube, H1 is the height of the diluent space after the sample is added, and T is the thickness of the sealing piston of the sample diluting tube.
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