CN114459037A

CN114459037A - Solid waste treatment device

Info

Publication number: CN114459037A
Application number: CN202210174763.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨俊杰; 郭春霞; 刘德杰; 周松涛
Original assignee: Henan Solid Waste And Chemical Technology Management Center
Current assignee: Henan Solid Waste And Chemical Technology Management Center
Priority date: 2022-02-24
Filing date: 2022-02-24
Publication date: 2022-05-10
Anticipated expiration: 2042-02-24
Also published as: CN114459037B

Abstract

The invention discloses a solid waste treatment device, and belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment. The solid waste treatment device comprises compaction equipment, wherein a compaction push plate is arranged in a compaction bin of the compaction equipment, and a horizontal inserted rod is arranged at the center of the compaction push plate and is used for forming a central hole in the middle of a compacted solid waste briquette; the incinerator is used for incinerating and treating solid waste; the discharge port of the pretreatment chamber is communicated with the incinerator; the disassembling mechanism is positioned in the pretreatment chamber and comprises a support body, the support body is connected with the inner wall of the pretreatment chamber, an opening and closing mechanism is arranged on the support body, and the opening and closing mechanism can stretch into the central hole. The solid waste treatment device provided by the invention has the advantages that the multiple parts work cooperatively, the high-efficiency disassembly of the compacted solid waste is realized, meanwhile, the water content of the compacted solid waste is very small, the incineration time of the solid waste is reduced, the incineration is thorough, the single-day incineration amount of the incinerator is increased, the energy consumption of the incinerator is reduced, and the treatment efficiency of the urban solid waste is improved.

Description

Solid waste treatment device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a solid waste treatment device.

Background

The solid waste generally refers to solid and semi-solid waste which is generated in daily life, production and construction and other activities of human beings and cannot be utilized for a certain time and place, and is discarded to pollute the environment, wherein the solid waste comprises solid particles separated from waste gas, garbage, slag, damaged vessels, sludge and the like.

Along with the improvement of the living standard of urban residents, the yield of urban solid waste is increased greatly, the contradiction of the occupation of the urban waste is increasingly prominent, more and more urban waste, mining waste, industrial waste and the like occupy more and more land, the urban environmental sanitation is hindered, the environmental pollution is caused, large quantities of green plants are buried, and the ecological balance of the natural environment is destroyed.

Compaction is one of the common pretreatment modes of municipal solid waste, and loose solid waste is extruded by adopting compaction equipment, so that the liquid content in the solid waste can be reduced, and more importantly, the occupied area of the solid waste can be greatly reduced.

The incineration treatment technology is a technology for sufficiently oxidizing and decomposing combustible components in the solid waste in an incinerator to form inorganic residues, the process not only realizes the reduction and harmlessness of the solid waste, but also generates heat for power generation and heating, and realizes the recycling of the solid waste primarily.

Because the treatment capacity of the incinerator for urban incineration is limited, and the waste gas generated after incineration needs to be treated before being discharged, the total incineration capacity of the solid waste is restricted. However, the total amount of solid waste generated per day throughout a city is often much greater than the total amount of solid waste incinerated per day, thus resulting in the accumulation of solid waste that has not been treated by incineration in time. The combustible solid waste after pre-screening is subjected to compaction pretreatment, so that the occupied area of the solid waste can be obviously reduced, the water content in the solid waste can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the incineration efficiency can be greatly improved after the combustible solid waste enters the incinerator and is further air-dried. However, when the compacted massive combustible solid waste is incinerated, the compacted massive combustible solid waste is not easily burnt rapidly and only gradually burns from outside to inside due to the compaction of the solid waste, so that the incineration efficiency is greatly reduced, and the problem of incomplete incineration easily exists.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made to overcome the problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a solid waste treatment apparatus.

The invention provides a solid waste treatment device which comprises compaction equipment, wherein a compaction push plate is arranged in a compaction bin of the compaction equipment, and a horizontal inserted rod is arranged at the center of the compaction push plate and is used for forming a central hole in the middle of a compacted solid waste briquette;

an incinerator for incinerating solid waste;

a discharge port of the pretreatment chamber is communicated with the incinerator;

the disassembling mechanism is positioned in the pretreatment chamber and comprises a supporting body, the supporting body is connected with the inner wall of the pretreatment chamber, an opening and closing mechanism is arranged on the supporting body, and the opening and closing mechanism can stretch into the central hole.

Preferably, the pretreatment chamber includes the access way, connects the feed bin and removes and connect the flitch, the vertical setting of access way, and can only hold a solid waste briquetting along the horizontal direction, connect the feed bin to be located access way under, remove and connect the flitch and can slide along the horizontal direction in connecing the feed bin, it includes step portion and horizontal part to remove connects the flitch, the horizontal part is located the one side that is close to the mechanism that opens and shuts.

Preferably, the opening and closing mechanism comprises a supporting rod, the supporting rod is fixed on the supporting body, a plurality of first bone strips are hinged to the top of the supporting rod and hinged to the upper ends of the first bone strips, a sliding ring is arranged at a position, close to the lower end, of the supporting rod, a plurality of second bone strips are hinged to the sliding ring, and the end, far away from the sliding ring, of each second bone strip is hinged to the lower end of the corresponding first bone strip; the utility model discloses a pretreatment device, including bracing piece, slip ring, plate body, telescopic link, slip ring, spring, telescopic link, the bracing piece still is equipped with the spacing ring that is used for restricting the slip ring and removes on its perisporium, and the spring has in addition between the low side of slip ring and bracing piece, the bottom of bracing piece is passed through the telescopic link and is connected with the plate body, still is equipped with the projection on the plate body, the slip ring still is connected with the haulage rope, haulage rope one end is connected with the slip ring, and the other end is connected with pretreatment chamber inner wall, the supporter is articulated with pretreatment chamber inner wall, and can cover the discharge gate department that closes at the material receiving bin.

Preferably, the support body is further connected with a driving motor for driving the support body to rotate, a first rack is arranged at the bottom of the movable material receiving plate, a first gear is meshed with the first rack, a second gear is meshed with the first gear, and the second gear is in chain transmission with a first duplicate gear sleeved on an output shaft of the driving motor.

Preferably, the pretreatment chamber comprises a straight section and an inclined conveying section, the support body and the opening and closing mechanism are located in the straight section, a sliding plate is further arranged in the inclined conveying section along the inclined direction, and a plurality of protrusions used for increasing friction force are arranged on the sliding plate.

Preferably, a plurality of comb teeth are arranged on the inner wall of the inclined material conveying section corresponding to the sliding plate.

Preferably, the bottom of the sliding plate is provided with a second rack which is meshed with a gear disc of a second duplicate gear, and the other gear disc of the second duplicate gear is driven by the first duplicate gear chain.

Preferably, the opening and closing mechanism is made of a high-temperature resistant metal material.

Preferably, the compaction push plate comprises a push plate and an electric push rod, the electric push rod is fixedly connected with the push plate, the inserted link is horizontally fixed at the central position of the push plate, and the electric push rod is electrically connected with the power supply.

Preferably, the left side of compaction storehouse is equipped with the electromagnetic door, be equipped with pressure sensor on the electromagnetic door, pressure sensor and electromagnetic door all are connected with the controller, defeated material slope is established in the outside of electromagnetic door.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the solid waste treatment device, loose combustible solid waste is compacted and pretreated through the compacting equipment, compared with the prior art, the through hole is reserved in the center of the compacted solid waste block, so that the solid waste treatment device not only can be better ventilated and dried and is beneficial to later combustion, but also can be matched with the opening and closing mechanism to enter the interior of the compacted solid waste block to effectively disassemble the solid waste block;

the disassembling mechanism can skillfully coordinate feeding and disassembling; the opening and closing mechanism is opened by utilizing the gravity of the solid waste block body in the overturning process of the support body, and the closing of the opening and closing mechanism is realized by utilizing the traction of the traction rope in the covering process of the support body;

the invention realizes the efficient disassembly of the compacted solid waste by the cooperative work of a plurality of components, reduces the incineration time of the solid waste due to the small water content of the compacted solid waste, and has thorough incineration, thereby improving the single-day incineration capacity of the incinerator, reducing the energy consumption of the incinerator and improving the treatment efficiency of the solid waste generated in cities.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a second schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the construction of a pretreatment chamber according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a pretreatment chamber of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the driving structure of the movable material receiving plate and the support body according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the opening and closing mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the skateboard of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. the device comprises a compacting device, 101, a compacting bin, 102, a compacting push plate, 103, an inserted link, 2, an incinerator, 3, a pretreatment chamber, 301, an inlet channel, 302, a material receiving bin, 304, a movable material receiving plate, 305, a step part, 306, a horizontal part, 307, a straight cylinder section, 308, an inclined material conveying section, 309, a sliding plate, 310, a protrusion, 311, a second rack, 312, a second duplicate gear, 313, comb teeth, 4, a support body, 5, an opening and closing mechanism, 501, a second bone strip, 502, a support rod, 503, a first bone strip, 504, a sliding ring, 506, a spring, 507, a telescopic rod, 508, a convex column, 509, a traction rope, 7, a driving motor, 8, a first rack, 9, a first gear, 10, a second gear and 11, a first duplicate gear.

Detailed Description

Detailed description of the preferred embodimentsthe following detailed description of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-7, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The invention provides a solid waste treatment device, which comprises a compaction device 1, wherein a compaction push plate 102 is arranged in a compaction bin 101 of the compaction device 1, and a horizontal inserted rod 103 is arranged at the center of the compaction push plate 102 and is used for forming a central hole in the middle of a compacted solid waste briquette;

an incinerator 2 for incinerating solid waste;

a discharge port of the pretreatment chamber 3 is communicated with the incinerator 2;

disassemble the mechanism, be located pretreatment chamber 3, including supporter 4, supporter 4 and pretreatment chamber 3's interior wall connection are equipped with the mechanism of opening and shutting 5 on the supporter 4, the mechanism of opening and shutting 5 can stretch into in the centre bore.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the compacting apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is provided with a horizontal insertion rod 103 by a re-compacting push plate 102 on the basis of the existing compacting apparatus 1, so that a central hole is formed at the center of the compacted solid waste after compacting. The centre bore not only can realize opening and shutting mechanism 5's penetration still does benefit to the ventilation drying at solid waste center, does benefit to the post incineration disposal. Be equipped with the solid waste pan feeding mouth directly over compaction storehouse 101, the pan feeding mouth is established between compaction push pedal 102 and left end compaction storehouse 101, and sets up as early as possible and lean on right side position, does benefit to the shaping of solid waste briquetting.

Pretreatment chamber 3 is used for disassembling the processing to the solid waste of compaction, and opening and shutting mechanism 5 can be opening or closed in this embodiment, through placing opening and shutting mechanism 5 in the centre bore, then open opening and shutting mechanism 5 back, and the solid waste of compaction is realized disassembling at the in-process that opening and shutting mechanism 5 was opened.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 3, on the basis of embodiment 1, the pretreatment chamber 3 of this embodiment includes an inlet channel 301, a material receiving bin 302, and a movable material receiving plate 304, where the inlet channel 301 is vertically disposed and can only accommodate one solid waste briquette in a horizontal direction, the material receiving bin 302 is located right below the inlet channel 301, the movable material receiving plate 304 can slide in the material receiving bin 302 in the horizontal direction, the movable material receiving plate 304 includes a step portion 305 and a horizontal portion 306, and the horizontal portion 306 is located at a side close to the opening and closing mechanism 5.

The vertically arranged inlet channel 301 and the movable material receiving plate 304 are used for realizing orderly and one-by-one movement and disassembly of the compacted solid wastes, so that the feeding and the decomposition of the compacted solid waste briquettes are coordinated and matched. When the step part 305 is located below the inlet channel 301, the inlet channel 301 is blocked, and along with the movement of the movable material receiving plate 304, after the horizontal part 306 is located below the inlet channel 301, the solid waste briquettes automatically drop onto the horizontal part, and it should be noted that the height difference between the step part 305 and the horizontal part 306 is consistent with the height of the solid waste briquettes.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 3 and fig. 6, on the basis of the above embodiment, the opening and closing mechanism 5 includes a supporting rod 502, the supporting rod 502 is fixed on the supporting body 4, the top of the supporting rod 502 is hinged with a plurality of first bone strips 503 and is hinged with the upper ends of the first bone strips 503, the supporting rod 502 is provided with a sliding ring 504 near the lower end, the sliding ring 504 is hinged with a plurality of second bone strips 501, and the end of the second bone strips 501 far from the sliding ring 504 is also hinged with the lower ends of the first bone strips 503; the support rod 502 is further provided with a limiting ring used for limiting the sliding ring 504 to move along the circumferential wall of the support rod, a spring 506 is further arranged between the sliding ring 504 and the lower end of the support rod 402, the bottom of the support rod 502 is connected with the plate body 501 through a telescopic rod 507, a convex column 508 is further arranged on the plate body 501, the sliding ring 504 is further connected with a traction rope 509, one end of the traction rope 509 is connected with the sliding ring 504, the other end of the traction rope is connected with the inner wall of the pretreatment chamber 3, the support body 4 is hinged with the inner wall of the pretreatment chamber 3 and can be covered at a discharge port of the material receiving bin 302.

In this embodiment, the upper end of the first rib 503 is hinged to the support rod 502, the lower end of the second rib 501 is hinged to the slip ring 504, and the lower end of the first rib 503 is hinged to the upper end of the second rib 501, so that the opening degree of the first rib 503 and the second rib 501 is constantly changed in the up-and-down movement process of the slip ring 504, and the opening and closing effects can be realized. And then the disassembly of the compacted solid waste briquettes is realized. The spring 506 has the function of enabling the slip ring 504 to move upwards rapidly, the first bone strip 503 and the second bone strip 501 are spread, when the slip ring 504 moves downwards under the action of the traction rope 509 during closing, and the spring 506 is compressed until the slip ring 504 is clamped with the limiting ring. The support body 4 is connected with the turnover mechanism to cover the discharge port of the material receiving bin 302, and the support rod 502 is turned to a horizontal position after penetrating through the central hole of the solid waste pressing block.

During use, in an initial state, the sliding ring 504 is clamped with the limiting ring, the first bone strip 503 and the second bone strip 501 gather towards the supporting rod 502, the supporting body 4 covers the discharge port of the material receiving bin 302, the supporting rod 502 enters the rear central hole along with the leftward movement of the solid waste pressing block on the horizontal portion 306 of the material receiving plate 304, the supporting body 4 overturns downwards, the supporting rod 502 moves downwards under the action of gravity, the telescopic rod 507 contracts, the sliding ring 504 is separated from the limiting ring after colliding with the convex column 508, the sliding block 504 can overcome resistance to rapidly unfold the first bone strip 503 and the second bone strip 502 under the action of the spring 506, and the solid waste pressing block is disassembled. The disassembled solid waste enters an incinerator for incineration treatment along a conveying channel of the pretreatment chamber 3. The support body 4 is continuously turned to the discharge port of the material receiving bin 302, in the process, the traction rope 509 is subjected to traction force to drive the sliding ring 504 to be clamped at the position of the limiting ring, and the first bone strip 503 and the second bone strip 502 are closed to wait for entering the central hole of the next solid waste pressing block. It should be noted that the telescopic rod 507 is a telescopic rod body whose length can be adjusted in a small range.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 5, on the basis of the above embodiment, the supporting body 4 is further connected to a driving motor 7 through a coupling, the bottom of the movable material receiving plate 304 is provided with a first rack 8, the first rack 8 is engaged with a first gear 9, the first gear 9 is engaged with a second gear 10, and the second gear 10 and a third gear 11 sleeved on a connecting shaft of the driving motor 7 and the supporting body 4 are driven by a gear chain 12.

In the embodiment, the driving motor 7 is connected with the supporting body 4 and used for driving the supporting body 4 to turn over and reset, in the embodiment, the mutual meshing of the first rack 8 and the first gear 9, the meshing of the first gear 9 and the second gear 10, the driving of the second gear 10 and the first duplicate gear 11 are jointly realized, the moving material receiving plate 304 is close to the supporting body 4 when the supporting body 4 turns over, and when the supporting body 4 resets, the moving material receiving plate 304 is far away from the supporting body 4 and bears the next solid waste briquette to be processed, so that the coordination of the disassembling action and the material conveying action is realized.

Example 5

As shown in fig. 3 and 7, in this embodiment, the pretreatment chamber 3 includes a straight section 307 and an inclined feeding section 308, the support 4 and the opening and closing mechanism 5 are located in the straight section 307, a sliding plate 309 is further disposed in the inclined feeding section 308 along an inclined direction, and a plurality of protrusions 310 for increasing friction are disposed on the sliding plate 309. Due to the fact that large blocks can exist in the solid waste briquettes after disassembly, the large blocks can be disassembled again through the movement of the sliding plate 309 and the co-extrusion effect of the sliding plate 309 and the side wall of the inclined material conveying section 308, and the incineration efficiency can be improved again. The protrusions 310 can increase friction to improve disassembly efficiency.

As a preferable mode, a plurality of comb teeth 313 are arranged on the inner wall of the inclined material conveying section 308 corresponding to the sliding plate 309, and the comb teeth 313 can better realize the disassembly of a large block.

Example 6

On the basis of the above embodiment, the bottom of the sliding plate 309 of the present embodiment is provided with a second rack 311, the second rack 311 is engaged with a gear disc of the second duplicate gear 312, and the other gear disc of the second duplicate gear 312 is driven by the chain of the first duplicate gear 11. The reciprocating sliding of the sliding plate 309 is realized through chain transmission and gear rack transmission, the kinetic energy of the driving motor 7 is fully utilized, and the equipment cost is saved.

Preferably, the opening and closing mechanism 5 is made of a high temperature resistant metal material. The service life of the opening and closing mechanism 5 can be prolonged, and the deformation or the damage of the opening and closing mechanism caused by the heat emitted by the incinerator can be avoided.

Preferably, the compaction pushing plate 102 comprises a pushing plate and an electric pushing rod, the electric pushing rod is fixedly connected with the pushing plate, the inserting rod 103 is horizontally fixed at the central position of the pushing plate, and the electric pushing rod is electrically connected with a power supply.

Preferably, the left side of compaction storehouse 101 is equipped with the electromagnetic door, be equipped with pressure sensor on the electromagnetic door, pressure sensor and electromagnetic door all are connected with the controller, defeated material slope is established in the outside of electromagnetic door.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solid waste treatment apparatus, comprising:

the solid waste compacting device comprises a compacting device (1), wherein a compacting push plate (102) is arranged in a compacting bin (101) of the compacting device (1), and a horizontal insertion rod (103) is arranged at the center of the compacting push plate (102) and is used for enabling the middle of a compacted solid waste compact to form a central hole;

an incinerator (2) for incinerating solid waste;

a discharge port of the pretreatment chamber (3) is communicated with the incinerator (2);

the disassembling mechanism is located in the pretreatment chamber (3) and comprises a supporting body (4), the supporting body (4) is connected with the inner wall of the pretreatment chamber (3), an opening and closing mechanism (5) is arranged on the supporting body (4), and the opening and closing mechanism (5) can stretch into the center hole.

2. The solid waste treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pretreatment chamber (3) comprises an inlet passage (301), a receiving bin (302), and a moving receiving plate (304), the inlet passage (301) is vertically disposed and can receive only one solid waste briquette in a horizontal direction, the receiving bin (302) is located right below the inlet passage (301), the moving receiving plate (304) can slide in the receiving bin (302) in the horizontal direction, the moving receiving plate (304) comprises a stepped portion (305) and a horizontal portion (306), and the horizontal portion (306) is located at one side close to the opening and closing mechanism (5).

3. The solid waste treatment device according to claim 2, wherein the opening and closing mechanism (5) comprises a support rod (502), the support rod (502) is fixed on the support body (4), a plurality of first bone strips (503) are hinged to the top of the support rod (502), and are hinged to the upper ends of the first bone strips (503), a slip ring (504) is arranged on the support rod (502) near the lower end, a plurality of second bone strips (501) are hinged to the slip ring (504), and the ends of the second bone strips (501) far away from the slip ring (504) are also hinged to the lower ends of the first bone strips (503); the utility model discloses a pretreatment device, including bracing piece (502), slip ring (504), telescopic link (507), plate body (501), projection (508), slip ring (504) and bracing piece (402), bracing piece (502) still are equipped with the spacing ring that is used for restricting slip ring (504) to remove on its perisporium, and spring (506) in addition between the low side of slip ring (504) and bracing piece (402), the bottom of bracing piece (502) is passed through telescopic link (507) and is connected with plate body (501), still is equipped with projection (508) on plate body (501), slip ring (504) still are connected with haulage rope (509), haulage rope (509) one end is connected with slip ring (504), and the other end and pretreatment chamber (3) inner wall connection, supporter (4) are articulated with pretreatment chamber (3) inner wall, and can close the discharge gate department that connects feed bin (302) in the lid.

4. The solid waste treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that the supporting body (4) is further connected with a driving motor (7) for driving the supporting body to rotate, the bottom of the movable material receiving plate (304) is provided with a first rack (8), the first rack (8) is engaged with a first gear (9), the first gear (9) is engaged with a second gear (10), and the second gear (10) is chain-driven by a first duplicate gear (11) sleeved on an output shaft of the driving motor (7).

5. The solid waste treatment device according to claim 4, wherein the pretreatment chamber (3) comprises a straight cylinder section (307) and an inclined material conveying section (308), the support body (4) and the opening and closing mechanism (5) are positioned in the straight cylinder section (307), a sliding plate (309) is further arranged in the inclined material conveying section (308) along the inclined direction, and a plurality of protrusions (310) for increasing the friction force are arranged on the sliding plate (309).

6. The solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the inner wall of the inclined feeding section (308) corresponding to the slide plate (309) is provided with a plurality of comb teeth (313).

7. The solid waste treatment plant according to claim 6, characterized in that the bottom of the sliding plate (309) is provided with a second rack (311), the second rack (311) being engaged with a gear disc of a second duplicate gear (312), the other gear disc of the second duplicate gear (312) being chain driven with the first duplicate gear (11).

8. The solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the opening and closing mechanism (5) is made of a high temperature resistant metal material.

9. The solid waste treatment apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compaction pusher (102) comprises a pusher and an electric pusher, the electric pusher is fixedly connected with the pusher, the insertion rod (103) is horizontally fixed at a central position of the pusher, and the electric pusher is electrically connected with a power supply.

10. The solid waste treatment apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein an electromagnetic gate is provided at a left side of the compacting bin (101), a pressure sensor is provided on the electromagnetic gate, a controller is connected to both the pressure sensor and the electromagnetic gate, and a transporting slope is provided at an outer side of the electromagnetic gate.