CN114456883B - Clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder - Google Patents
Clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN114456883B CN114456883B CN202210140593.6A CN202210140593A CN114456883B CN 114456883 B CN114456883 B CN 114456883B CN 202210140593 A CN202210140593 A CN 202210140593A CN 114456883 B CN114456883 B CN 114456883B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
- C11D1/94—Mixtures with anionic, cationic or non-ionic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
- A23L5/27—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification by chemical treatment, by adsorption or by absorption
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/046—Salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/08—Silicates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/1233—Carbonates, e.g. calcite or dolomite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
- C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
- C11D3/1253—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite
- C11D3/126—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite in solid compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
- C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
- C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
- C11D3/225—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin etherified, e.g. CMC
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
- C11D3/382—Vegetable products, e.g. soya meal, wood flour, sawdust
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/48—Medical, disinfecting agents, disinfecting, antibacterial, germicidal or antimicrobial compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
- C11D1/10—Amino carboxylic acids; Imino carboxylic acids; Fatty acid condensates thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
- C11D1/90—Betaines
Abstract
The invention discloses clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder. The clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder comprises the following components: 50-75 wt% of modified clay, 5-15 wt% of modified straw powder, 10-25 wt% of mineral salt, 3-7 wt% of cyclodextrin, 5-15 wt% of starch, 0-10 wt% of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 1-7 wt% of water-soluble binder and 1-5 wt% of dispersing agent. Compared with the prior art, the clay-based fruit and vegetable clean powder exists in the water body in the form of hydrogel, has good uniformity, forms good contact with the surfaces of fruits and vegetables, can quickly remove pesticide residues, ova, lipid wax and the like of the fruits and vegetables, is nontoxic and safe, has a certain antibacterial effect, and is easy to clean for the second time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of detergents, and particularly relates to clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder.
Background
The pesticide used in the production process of the vegetables and the fruits can reduce the occurrence of diseases, but also can bring the problem of pesticide residues. Waxing fruits is the most common fruit preservation method, can prevent water loss, solves the problem of skin wilting, and can also prevent insect attack and delay the preservation time. Although the detergent has better cleaning effect on residual pesticides and wax layers, the detergent is easy to cause secondary pollution and is not easy to clean.
CN105950313a discloses a lotion for reducing pesticide residues of fruits and vegetables, which is prepared from 2 parts of attapulgite and 1 part of montmorillonite by adding water, and can well reduce the content of pesticide residues of agricultural products, but the lotion cannot remove wax.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder.
A clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder is characterized in that: the clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder comprises the following components:
50-75 wt% of modified clay, 5-15 wt% of modified straw powder, 10-25 wt% of mineral salt, 3-7 wt% of cyclodextrin, 5-15 wt% of starch, 0-10 wt% of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 1-7 wt% of water-soluble binder and 1-5 wt% of dispersing agent.
Preferably, the modified clay is obtained by calcination of a raw material comprising: the material comprises, by mass, 50-70:10-25:0-15:5-15:0-10 parts of attapulgite, dolomite, potassium feldspar, montmorillonite, calcite and sodium bicarbonate, wherein the dosage of the sodium bicarbonate is 10-15% of the total mass of the attapulgite, the dolomite, the potassium feldspar, the montmorillonite and the calcite.
More preferably, the fineness of the attapulgite, dolomite, potassium feldspar, montmorillonite and calcite is 2000-4000 meshes.
More preferably, the calcination temperature is 350 to 550 ℃.
Preferably, the modified straw powder is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:
(1) Alcohol extraction is carried out on the straw powder to obtain defatted powder;
(2) Acid activation treatment and alkali activation treatment are sequentially carried out on the degreasing powder.
More preferably, the solvent used for the alcohol extraction is an ethanol water solution with the concentration of 70-90 vt percent, the temperature is 60-90 ℃, the time is 5-8 hours, and the feed-liquid ratio is 1:1-3;
more preferably, the acid used for the acid activation is acetic acid, the temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the time is 2-5 hours.
More preferably, the acetic acid is 5-15% of the weight of the defatted powder.
More preferably, the alkali used for alkali activation is a mixed alkali solution consisting of 6-10wt% NaOH solution and 25wt% ammonia water according to a volume ratio of 1:1, wherein the temperature is 50-80 ℃ and the time is 1-3 hours.
More preferably, the amount of the mixed alkali solution is 5-10% of the mass of the defatted powder.
More preferably, the fineness of the modified straw powder is 1000-2000 meshes.
Preferably, the mineral salt consists of copper sulfate, ferric sulfate, calcium carbonate, sodium silicate and magnesium sulfate in a mass ratio of 5-15:20-35:20-40:35-50:5-15.
More preferably, the fineness of the mineral salt is 2000-4000 mesh.
Preferably, the water-soluble binder consists of 20-35 parts by weight of linseed gum, 30-50 parts by weight of guar gum, 25-45 parts by weight of sodium alginate and 25-50 parts by weight of sodium chloride.
Preferably, the dispersing agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
45-60% of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, 25-40% of dodecyl dimethyl betaine, 10-25% of sodium lauroyl glutamate and 5-15% of potassium thiocyanate.
The preparation method of the clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder comprises the following steps:
firstly, uniformly mixing modified straw powder, cyclodextrin, starch, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and a water-soluble binder;
adding modified clay and mineral salt, and mixing uniformly;
and finally adding a dispersing agent and uniformly mixing.
When preparing the clay-based fruit and vegetable clean powder, the feeding sequence is important, and the preparation is needed to be carried out strictly according to the feeding sequence.
Preferably, after the dispersing agent is added, the mixture is uniformly mixed at a stirring speed of 5000-10000 rpm.
Advantageous effects
The clay-based fruit and vegetable clean powder disclosed by the invention adopts natural clay as a base material, and is calcined at high temperature under the action of carbonate ions and water, and the closed pore channels in the clay are punched by using generated carbon dioxide and water vapor to form a porous structure, so that the removal effect of different pesticide residues is improved.
The clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder can quickly remove pesticide residues, worm eggs, fat wax and the like of fruits and vegetables, is nontoxic and safe, and has a certain antibacterial effect.
The clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder disclosed by the invention utilizes the synergistic effect of the mixed mineral salt and other components, so that the detergency is improved and the antibacterial effect is improved.
The clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder disclosed by the invention exists in a water body in the form of hydrogel, has good uniformity, forms good contact with the surfaces of fruits and vegetables, improves the cleaning effect, and is easy to clean for the second time.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below by combining examples.
Example 1
1. Modified clay: respectively mixing 2400 mesh 300 g attapulgite, 70 g dolomite, 30g potassium feldspar, 65 g montmorillonite and 35g calcite, adding 50g sodium bicarbonate, stirring, mixing, calcining at 500 deg.C in muffle furnace for 5 h, and vacuum cooling and drying at 20 kPa for 24 h.
2. Modified corn stalk powder: cutting 100g corn stalk, crushing, stoving at 80 deg.c in an oven, sieving to obtain 200 mesh sample 50g, reflux extracting with 75 vol% concentration ethanol water solution 100 ml at 90 deg.c in a Soxhlet extractor for 6 h to eliminate fat and biological wax and obtain defatted powder.
Placing 300 g defatted powder into a constant temperature oscillator at 75deg.C, adding 10 mL glacial acetic acid every 1 h, repeating for 3 times, and centrifuging to obtain white powder. The white powder obtained was added to 20 ml mixed lye (mixed by 8wt% NaOH solution and 25wt% aqueous ammonia at a volume ratio of 1:1), stirred at 80 ℃ for 2: 2 h, suction filtered, washed with deionized water to neutrality, dried in an oven at 80 ℃, and crushed to 1000 mesh.
3. Mineral salts: 10 g copper sulfate, 20g ferric sulfate, 20g calcium carbonate, 45g sodium silicate and 5g magnesium sulfate were mixed and pulverized to 2000 mesh with a Raymond mill.
4. Dispersing agent: 12 g fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, 6 g dodecyl dimethyl betaine, 5g sodium lauroyl glutamate and 2 g potassium thiocyanate are mixed and crushed to 2000 meshes by a Raymond mill.
5. Water-soluble binder: 30g of flax gum, 40g of guar gum, 30g of sodium alginate and 40g of sodium chloride are mixed and crushed to 1000 meshes by a Raymond mill.
6. Preparing fruit and vegetable cleaning powder: firstly, 50g modified corn stalk powder, 30g cyclodextrin, 50g starch, 25g hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and 20g water-soluble binder are mixed and stirred for 20 min at 800 rpm, 600 g modified clay and 100g mineral salt are added, mixed and stirred for 30 min at 2000 rpm, and finally 25g dispersing agent is added, and mixed and stirred for 30 min at 6000 rpm.
The use method and the cleaning effect are as follows: adding 5-10 g fruit and vegetable clean powder into 500 ml water, stirring and dispersing uniformly, putting fresh strawberry, soaking for 3-5 min, then washing with clear water, and removing wax, ovum and the like on the surface of strawberry completely. The LC-MS detection method is adopted, and the average removal rate of the surface pesticide is 85% -99%.
Comparative example 1
The difference with the embodiment 1 is that the modified corn stalk powder is not added in the preparation of the fruit and vegetable clean powder. Under the formula, the fruit and vegetable clean powder is not easy to form gel in water, and stirring is needed to achieve the same cleaning effect.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that cyclodextrin is not added in the preparation of the fruit and vegetable cleaning powder. Under the formula, the clean fruit and vegetable powder has better cleaning effect on surface wax and worm eggs, but slightly reduces the recovery rate of pesticide residues.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that no mineral salt is added in the preparation of the fruit and vegetable cleaning powder. Under the formula, the fruit and vegetable cleaning powder has good cleaning effect on surface wax, ova and pesticide residues, and the hydrogel has poor stability.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is that no potassium thiocyanate was added to the dispersant. Under the formula, the fruit and vegetable cleaning powder is easy to agglomerate, and the stability of the hydrogel is poor.
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 1 is that the modified clay is not added with sodium bicarbonate. Under the formula, the fruit and vegetable clean powder has good surface wax and worm egg cleaning effect, but the fruit and vegetable clean powder is not easy to form hydrogel.
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 1 is that the water-soluble binder and dispersant are not added in the preparation of the fruit and vegetable cleaning powder. Under the formula, the fruit and vegetable cleaning powder cannot form hydrogel in water.
Example 2
1. Modified clay: 2400 mesh 250 g attapulgite, 50g dolomite, 50g potassium feldspar, 25g montmorillonite and 25g calcite are respectively mixed, 50g sodium bicarbonate is added, the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly, 5 h is calcined in a muffle furnace at 500 ℃, and 24 h is dried under vacuum cooling at 20 kPa.
2. Modified corn stalk powder: cutting 100g corn stalk, crushing, stoving at 80 deg.c in an oven, sieving to obtain 200 mesh sample 50g, reflux extracting with 75 vol% concentration ethanol water solution 100 ml at 90 deg.c in a Soxhlet extractor for 6 h to eliminate fat and biological wax and obtain defatted powder.
Placing 300 g defatted powder in a constant temperature oscillator at 75deg.C, adding 10 mL glacial acetic acid every 1 h, repeating for 3 times, and centrifuging to obtain white powder. The white powder obtained was added to 20 ml mixed lye (mixed by 8wt% NaOH solution and 25wt% aqueous ammonia at a volume ratio of 1:1), stirred at 80 ℃ for 2: 2 h, suction filtered, washed with deionized water to neutrality, dried in an oven at 80 ℃, and crushed to 1000 mesh.
3. Mineral salts: 5g copper sulfate, 35g iron sulfate, 20g calcium carbonate, 35g sodium silicate, and 5g magnesium sulfate were mixed and pulverized to 2000 mesh with a Raymond mill.
4. Dispersing agent: 9 g fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, 5g dodecyl dimethyl betaine, 3 g sodium lauroyl glutamate and 3 g potassium thiocyanate are mixed and crushed to 2000 meshes by a Raymond mill.
5. Water-soluble binder: 20g of flax gum, 30g of guar gum, 25g of sodium alginate and 25g of sodium chloride are mixed and crushed to 1000 meshes by a Raymond mill.
6. Preparing fruit and vegetable cleaning powder: mixing and stirring 40g modified corn stalk powder, 30g cyclodextrin, 50g starch, 25g hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and 20g water-soluble binder at 800 rpm for 20 min, adding 450 g modified clay and 100g mineral salt, mixing and stirring at 2000 rpm for 30 min, adding 20g dispersant, and stirring at 6000 rpm for 30 min.
Example 3
1. Modified clay: respectively mixing 2400 mesh 350 g attapulgite, 75 g dolomite and 75 g montmorillonite, adding 50g sodium bicarbonate, stirring, mixing, calcining at 500deg.C in muffle furnace for 5 h, and vacuum cooling and drying under 20 kPa for 24 h.
2. Modified corn stalk powder: cutting 100g corn stalk, crushing, stoving at 80 deg.c in an oven, sieving to obtain 200 mesh sample 70 g, reflux extracting with 75 vol% concentration ethanol water solution 100 ml at 80 deg.c in a Soxhlet extractor for 6 h to eliminate fat and biological wax and obtain defatted powder.
Placing the 250 g defatted powder in a constant temperature oscillator at 80deg.C, adding 10 mL glacial acetic acid every 1 h, repeating the operation for 3 times, and centrifuging to obtain white powder. The white powder obtained was added to 20 ml mixed lye (mixed by 10wt% NaOH solution and 25wt% aqueous ammonia at a volume ratio of 1:1), stirred at 60 ℃ for 2: 2 h, suction filtered, washed with deionized water to neutrality, dried in an oven at 80 ℃, and crushed to 1000 mesh.
3. Mineral salts: 15 g copper sulfate, 20g iron sulfate, 25g calcium carbonate, 35g sodium silicate, 5g magnesium sulfate were mixed and pulverized to 2000 mesh with a Raymond mill.
4. Dispersing agent: 15. 15 g fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, 6.5 g dodecyl dimethyl betaine, 3. 3 g sodium lauroyl glutamate and 1.5 g potassium thiocyanate are mixed and crushed to 2000 meshes by a Raymond mill.
5. Water-soluble binder: 35g of flax gum, 50g of guar gum, 45g of sodium alginate and 50g of sodium chloride are mixed and crushed to 1000 meshes by a Raymond mill.
6. Preparing fruit and vegetable cleaning powder: firstly, 100g of modified corn stalk powder, 30g cyclodextrin, 50g starch, 25g hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and 20g water-soluble binder are mixed and stirred for 20 min at 800 rpm, 500 g modified clay and 100g mineral salt are added, mixed and stirred for 30 min at 2000 rpm, and finally 23 g dispersant is added, and mixed and stirred for 30 min at 6000 rpm.
Example 4
1. Modified clay: respectively mixing 2400 mesh 300 g attapulgite, 70 g dolomite, 30g potassium feldspar, 65 g montmorillonite and 35g calcite, adding 50g sodium bicarbonate, stirring, mixing, calcining at 500 deg.C in muffle furnace for 5 h, and vacuum cooling and drying at 20 kPa for 24 h.
2. Modified corn stalk powder: cutting 100g corn stalk, crushing, stoving at 80 deg.c in an oven, sieving to obtain 200 mesh sample 50g, reflux extracting with 75% concentration alcohol water solution 100 ml at 60 deg.c in a Soxhlet extractor for 6 h to eliminate fat and biological wax and obtain defatted powder.
The 350 g defatted powder is placed in a constant temperature oscillator at 60 ℃,10 mL glacial acetic acid is added every 1 h for repeating the operation for 3 times, and the white powder is obtained by centrifugal filtration. The white powder obtained was added to 20 ml mixed lye (1:1 mixture by volume of 6wt% NaOH solution and 25wt% aqueous ammonia), stirred at 50 ℃ for 2: 2 h, suction filtered, washed with deionized water to neutrality, dried in an oven at 80 ℃, and crushed to 1000 mesh.
3. Mineral salts: 10 g copper sulfate, 35g iron sulfate, 40g calcium carbonate, 50g sodium silicate, and 15 g magnesium sulfate were mixed and pulverized to 2000 mesh with a Raymond mill.
4. Dispersing agent: 11. 11 g fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, 10 g dodecyl dimethyl betaine, 2.5. 2.5 g sodium lauroyl glutamate and 1.5. 1.5 g potassium thiocyanate are mixed and crushed to 2000 meshes by a Raymond mill.
5. Water-soluble binder: 30g of flax gum, 40g of guar gum, 30g of sodium alginate and 40g of sodium chloride are mixed and crushed to 1000 meshes by a Raymond mill.
6. Preparing fruit and vegetable cleaning powder: firstly, 50g modified corn stalk powder, 30g cyclodextrin, 50g starch and 20g water-soluble binder are mixed and stirred for 20 min at 800 rpm, 550 g modified clay and 150 g mineral salt are added, mixed and stirred for 30 min at 2000 rpm, finally 24 g dispersing agent is added, and mixed and stirred for 30 min at 6000 rpm.
Example 5
The difference from example 1 is that the preparation of the fruit and vegetable cleaning powder: firstly, mixing and stirring 100g modified corn stalk powder, 30g cyclodextrin, 50g starch, 25g hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and 20g water-soluble binder for 20 min at 800 rpm, adding 450 g modified clay and 200 g mineral salt, mixing and stirring for 30 min at 2000 rpm, finally adding 25g dispersing agent, and stirring and mixing for 30 min at 6000 rpm.
Example 6
The difference from example 1 is that the preparation of the fruit and vegetable cleaning powder: firstly, mixing and stirring 100g modified corn stalk powder, 30g cyclodextrin, 50g starch, 25g hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and 20g water-soluble binder for 20 min at 800 rpm, adding 450 g modified clay and 80 g mineral salt, mixing and stirring for 30 min at 2000 rpm, finally adding 25g dispersing agent, and stirring and mixing for 30 min at 6000 rpm.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder is characterized in that: the clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder comprises the following components:
50-75wt% of modified clay, 5-15wt% of modified straw powder, 10-25wt% of mineral salt, 3-7wt% of cyclodextrin, 5-15wt% of starch, 0-10wt% of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 1-7wt% of water-soluble binder and 1-5wt% of dispersing agent;
the modified clay is obtained by calcining the following raw materials: the material comprises, by mass, 50-70:10-25:0-15:5-15:0-10 of attapulgite, dolomite, potassium feldspar, montmorillonite, calcite and sodium bicarbonate, wherein the consumption of the sodium bicarbonate is 10-15% of the total mass of the attapulgite, the dolomite, the potassium feldspar, the montmorillonite and the calcite;
the modified straw powder is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:
(1) Alcohol extraction is carried out on the straw powder to obtain defatted powder;
(2) Sequentially carrying out acid activation treatment and alkali activation treatment on the degreasing powder;
the mineral salt consists of copper sulfate, ferric sulfate, calcium carbonate, sodium silicate and magnesium sulfate in a mass ratio of 5-15:20-35:20-40:35-50:5-15;
the dispersing agent consists of the following components in percentage by mass:
45-60% of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, 25-40% of dodecyl dimethyl betaine, 10-25% of sodium lauroyl glutamate and 5-15% of potassium thiocyanate.
2. The clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder according to claim 1, wherein: the fineness of the attapulgite, dolomite, potassium feldspar, montmorillonite and calcite is 2000-4000 meshes.
3. The clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder according to claim 2, wherein: the calcination temperature is 350-550 ℃.
4. The clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder according to claim 1, wherein: the solvent used for the alcohol extraction is an ethanol water solution with the concentration of 70-90 vt percent, the extraction temperature is 60-90 ℃, and the extraction time is 5-8 hours;
the acid used for acid activation is acetic acid, the activation temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the activation time is 2-5 hours;
the alkali used for alkali activation is mixed alkali liquor consisting of 6-10wt% NaOH solution and 25wt% ammonia water according to a volume ratio of 1:1, the activation temperature is 50-80 ℃, and the activation time is 1-3 hours.
5. The clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder according to claim 4, wherein: the ratio of the material to the liquid in the alcohol extraction is 1:1-3.
6. The clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder according to claim 4, wherein: the consumption of acetic acid is 5-15% of the mass of the degreasing powder.
7. The clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder according to claim 4, wherein: the consumption of the mixed alkali liquor is 5-10% of the mass of the degreasing powder.
8. The clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder according to claim 4, wherein: the fineness of the modified straw powder is 1000-2000 meshes.
9. The clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder according to claim 1, wherein: the fineness of the mineral salt is 2000-4000 meshes.
10. The clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder according to claim 1, wherein: the water-soluble adhesive consists of 20-35 parts by mass, 30-50 parts by mass, 25-45 parts by mass and 25-50 parts by mass of linseed gum, guar gum, sodium alginate and sodium chloride.
11. The method for preparing the clay-based fruit and vegetable cleaning powder according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising the following steps:
firstly, uniformly mixing modified straw powder, cyclodextrin, starch, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and a water-soluble binder;
adding modified clay and mineral salt, and mixing uniformly;
and finally adding a dispersing agent and uniformly mixing.
12. The method of manufacturing according to claim 11, wherein: and after the dispersing agent is added, uniformly mixing at a stirring speed of 5000-10000 rpm.
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Citations (6)
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| CN106281787A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2017-01-04 | 彭晨 | Fruit and vegerable scavenger specially based on mineral salt |
| CN106318691A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2017-01-11 | 吴敬华 | Ultrafine calcium powder-containing bacteriostasis liquid detergent and preparation method thereof |
| CN107245382A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-13 | 中原工学院 | A kind of fruits and vegetables washing salt based on the potent removal residues of pesticides of the de- function double-unit system of suction |
| CN108865512A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-23 | 山东福广生物科技有限公司 | A kind of fruit vegetable clean powder |
| CN110257196A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-09-20 | 成都工业学院 | A kind of detergent and its application in fruits and vegetables cleaning |
| CN110343577A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-10-18 | 四川金中誉科技有限公司 | A kind of fruits and vegetables washing salt and preparation method thereof |
-
2022
- 2022-02-16 CN CN202210140593.6A patent/CN114456883B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106281787A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2017-01-04 | 彭晨 | Fruit and vegerable scavenger specially based on mineral salt |
| CN106318691A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2017-01-11 | 吴敬华 | Ultrafine calcium powder-containing bacteriostasis liquid detergent and preparation method thereof |
| CN107245382A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-13 | 中原工学院 | A kind of fruits and vegetables washing salt based on the potent removal residues of pesticides of the de- function double-unit system of suction |
| CN108865512A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-23 | 山东福广生物科技有限公司 | A kind of fruit vegetable clean powder |
| CN110343577A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-10-18 | 四川金中誉科技有限公司 | A kind of fruits and vegetables washing salt and preparation method thereof |
| CN110257196A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-09-20 | 成都工业学院 | A kind of detergent and its application in fruits and vegetables cleaning |
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