CN114456449A - Fully-degradable modified plastic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fully-degradable modified plastic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114456449A CN114456449A CN202210265527.1A CN202210265527A CN114456449A CN 114456449 A CN114456449 A CN 114456449A CN 202210265527 A CN202210265527 A CN 202210265527A CN 114456449 A CN114456449 A CN 114456449A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08L3/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/04—Safety devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/02—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
- B02C4/08—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers with co-operating corrugated or toothed crushing-rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/28—Details
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/06—Properties of polyethylene
- C08L2207/062—HDPE
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of plastic production, and particularly relates to a fully-degradable modified plastic and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method of the fully-degradable modified plastic comprises the following steps of S1: preparing raw materials, preparing plant fibers with different meshes, putting branches into a crusher, and crushing the branches into chips for later use; s2: adding the base material and the additive into a reaction kettle, heating in a water bath to 70-100 ℃, stirring at a constant speed for reaction for 20-30 minutes, and carrying out low-pressure reaction; s3: after the low-pressure reaction is finished, the pressure of the reaction kettle is increased to 2.0-3.5MPa, the temperature is increased to 100-120 ℃, the stirring time is controlled to be 15-20 minutes under the low-speed stirring condition of 30-70rpm, then the pressure is released, the vacuum degree is kept to be 0.02-0.08MPa, and the flexible agglomerate is reserved; s4: and putting the flexible dough into a dispersing machine, mixing and dispersing the flexible dough in the dispersing machine for 3-6 minutes at 80-90 ℃, putting the flexible dough into a screw reaction extruder, and shearing, mixing, devolatilizing, extruding and granulating the mixture by using the screw extruder to obtain the fully-degradable modified plastic.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plastic production, and particularly relates to a fully-degradable modified plastic and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The plastic product provides a lot of convenience for manpower, is widely applied to any field of human activities, has the advantages of low cost, strong plasticity and the like compared with metal, stone and wood, is widely applied in national economy, has an extremely important position in the world at present in the plastic industry, and is developed at high speed in the world for years.
The development of plastics brings a plurality of environmental problems, the plastics are difficult to decompose in natural environment due to the characteristics of the plastics, the environment is polluted, the plastics are phagocytized by the animals, the animals die, the soil in the area cannot be normally used due to the fact that the plastics are buried in the soil, and the continuous use of the soil is affected; therefore, in the existing research on plastic products, people already research degradable plastics to reduce the influence of the plastic products on the environment, wherein part of degradable plastic raw materials are added with plant starch or plant fiber, so that the degradation of the plastic products can be realized, and meanwhile, the plastic products generate lower harmful substances after being heated to reduce the influence on the human health; the plant fiber is generally straw fiber or tree fiber, so that the waste is effectively and fully utilized, and various reasonable applications of the waste are reflected;
and the branch is smashing the in-process, has a large amount of moisture in the fresh branch, and when rubbing crusher was to its breakage, moisture was covered on the casing and on the crushing roller, and the juice of some branches is the acidity, like the branch of orange tree, and the juice is the acidity, and acidic juice adhesion can cause the corrosion of crushing roller surface on the crushing roller, reduces the crushing effect of crushing roller to the branch, leads to partial branch broken degree not enough, still need drop into the breakage once more, influences production and processing effect.
Therefore, the invention provides a fully-degradable modified plastic and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
To remedy the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one of the technical problems set forth in the background is addressed.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a fully-degradable modified plastic which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
60-95 parts of base material;
30-50 parts of an additive;
the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-35 parts of cassava starch;
20-40 parts of plant fiber;
50-70 parts of biological starch degradation master batch;
30-50 parts of high-density polyethylene;
the additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
15-25 parts of a silane coupling agent;
5-10 parts of water-soluble microbial polysaccharide;
2-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol;
3-6 parts of butyl acrylate;
plant fiber is used as a raw material of the plastic, and the plant fiber can be straw fiber, tree fiber, grass fiber and the like; the branches or trunks trimmed from the fruit trees are generally processed in the prior art by crushing, then transporting to a furniture processing factory, pressing the crushed branches or trunks into plates, or filling the hollow parts of the plates of furniture, so as to achieve the purpose of waste utilization; moreover, the wood-plastic composite can be used as a raw material for degrading plastics, so that various applications of wastes are realized, resources are fully utilized, the amount of waste branches used as fire is reduced, the discharge amount of waste gas is reduced, and the environment is protected.
A preparation method of fully-degradable modified plastic is used for preparing the fully-degradable modified plastic and comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing raw materials, namely preparing plant fibers with different meshes according to products processed and produced by fully-degradable modified plastics, putting branches into a crusher, crushing the branches into chips, screening the chips by using 20-mesh, 40-mesh and 80-mesh screens, and screening the plant fibers with different mesh grades for later use;
s2: adding 20-35 parts by weight of cassava starch, 20-40 parts by weight of plant fiber, 50-70 parts by weight of biological starch degradation master batch, 15-25 parts by weight of silane coupling agent, 5-10 parts by weight of water-soluble microbial polysaccharide, 2-5 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 3-6 parts by weight of butyl acrylate into a reaction kettle, heating in a water bath to 70-100 ℃, stirring at a constant speed for reaction for 20-30 minutes, and carrying out low-pressure reaction;
s3: after the low-pressure reaction is finished, the pressure of the reaction kettle is increased to 2.0-3.5MPa, the temperature is increased to 100-120 ℃, the stirring time is controlled to be 15-20 minutes under the low-speed stirring condition of 30-70rpm, then the pressure is released, the vacuum degree is kept to be 0.02-0.08MPa, and the flexible agglomerate is reserved;
s4: and putting the flexible dough into a dispersing machine, mixing and dispersing the flexible dough in the dispersing machine for 3-6 minutes at 80-90 ℃, putting the flexible dough into a screw reaction extruder, and shearing, mixing, devolatilizing, extruding and granulating the mixture by using the screw extruder to obtain the fully-degradable modified plastic.
Preferably, the pulverizer described in S1 includes a housing, a crushing roller, and a rust prevention mechanism; the crushing rollers are rotationally connected in the shell, a feed port is arranged above the crushing rollers, and one side of each of the two crushing rollers is provided with an antirust mechanism; the rust-proof mechanism comprises a base block, a spray head and an oil conveying pipe; the base block is positioned on one side of the crushing roller and connected to the inner side wall of the shell, a plurality of nozzles are mounted on the side wall of the base block opposite to the crushing roller, and the nozzles are connected with an external oil supply pump of the shell through oil pipelines; during the process of crushing the branches, a large amount of water exists in the fresh branches, when the fresh branches are crushed by the crusher, the water is distributed in the shell and on the crushing roller, the juice of some branches is acidic, such as the branches of orange trees, the juice is acidic, and the acidic juice is adhered to the crushing roller, so that the surface corrosion of the crushing roller can be caused, the crushing effect of the crushing roller on the branches is reduced, the crushing degree of partial branches is insufficient, and the branches need to be crushed again, so that the production and processing effects are influenced; therefore, the rust-proof mechanism is arranged in the shell, and the rust-proof oil is sprayed on the surface of the crushing roller, so that the corrosion of the branch acid juice to the crushing roller is reduced; after the rubbing crusher uses, defeated oil pipe pours into rust-preventive oil into the shower nozzle in, rust-preventive oil sprays on the surface of crushing roller, and the crushing roller is in slow rotating state simultaneously for the crushing roller surface is whole to be sprayed by rust-preventive oil, realizes the anticorrosion protection to the crushing roller, reduces the corruption of vertical acid juice to the crushing roller, thereby prolongs the life of crushing roller, prolongs its effective time broken to the branch.
Preferably, a protection mechanism is arranged between the rust prevention mechanism and the crushing roller; the protection mechanism comprises a motor, a connecting rod and a baffle plate; the motor is a double-end output motor, the motor is fixedly connected to the side walls of the two sides of the shell, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to one end of a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is connected with a baffle plate, the baffle plate is arc-shaped and is slidably connected in a sliding hole formed in the side wall of the shell, the inner end of the baffle plate swings in a gap between the base block and the crushing roller, and the inner end of the baffle plate abuts against the inner side wall of the shell; the crushed chips are thrown onto the base block along with the crushing roller and adhered to the surface of the spray head, and when the crushed chips are serious, the spray head is blocked after the chips are dried, and therefore, a protection mechanism is arranged between the protection mechanism and the crushing roller; when using the shower nozzle, driving motor, the motor is servo motor, and the motor passes through the connecting rod and drives the baffle swing, makes the inner of baffle move down gradually, and the baffle no longer hides the shower nozzle, and shower nozzle blowout rust-resistant oil sprays on the crushing roller surface, and after the oil spout, the motor rotates to drive the baffle to initial position, makes the baffle arrange in once more between protection machanism and the crushing roller, realizes the protection to the shower nozzle, makes the shower nozzle when using once more, and rust-resistant oil can effectively spray on the crushing roller surface.
Preferably, a sliding layer is arranged on the inner side wall of the shell, which is propped against the baffle, and a lock rod and a pull rope are arranged in the sliding layer; one end of the lock rod is connected to the inner upper side of the sliding layer in a sliding mode through a spring, the other end of the lock rod is fixedly connected with one end of a pull rope, and the other end of the pull rope is wound on the output end of the motor; an inserting rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of one end of the lock rod and embedded into an inserting hole formed in the inner end of the baffle;
a sliding groove is formed in the position, connected with the connecting rod, of the baffle plate, and two sides of the other end of the connecting rod are connected into the sliding groove through springs; the motor drives the connecting rod and rotates, the other end of connecting rod passes through the spring and promotes the baffle rotation, and place in between protection machanism and the crushing roller, the smooth in situ is arranged in to the inner of baffle simultaneously, the motor continues to rotate, the output of motor rotates and twines the stay cord, the other end extrusion spring of connecting rod, stay cord pulling locking lever simultaneously, the locking lever removes to the motor direction, the inserted bar on the locking lever inserts and realizes the fixed of baffle in the jack, prevent rubbing crusher when the operation, the vibrational force of its production, make baffle inner automatic break away from the casing inside wall, the baffle loses the effect of sheltering from to the shower nozzle.
Preferably, a first bag is arranged in the sliding groove and is positioned at a position close to the crushing roller in the sliding groove, a cavity is formed in one side of the jack, and a second bag and a bolt are arranged in the cavity; the second bag is communicated with the first bag, the second bag is extruded at the inner end of the bolt, the bolt penetrates into the jack in a sliding mode through the spring, and the end part of the bolt is embedded into a clamping groove formed in the surface of the inserted link; the other end of connecting rod extrudees a bag, and in the gas of a bag was bloated No. two bags, No. two bags were bloated to the extrusion bolt, the tip of bolt extended to the draw-in groove in, the realization was to the further fixed between inserted bar and the jack, improved the stability that the baffle sheltered from the shower nozzle.
Preferably, the base block is provided with a swing mechanism; the swing mechanism comprises an electric push rod and a hinge rod; one end of the hinge rod is hinged to the rear side wall of the base block in a ball joint mode, the other end of the hinge rod is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the shell, one side of the hinge rod is provided with an electric push rod, one end of the electric push rod is hinged to one side of the middle position of the base block in a ball joint mode, and the other end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the inner side wall; through control electric push rod, realize the swing of basic block horizontal direction to control shower nozzle spray angle's regulation, make the rust-resistant oil that the shower nozzle sprayed out spray more comprehensively on the crushing roller surface, reduce the crushing roller surface and spray the dead angle, better protection crushing roller.
Preferably, the surface of the crushing roller is provided with a plurality of guide holes, the hole ends of the guide holes are provided with push blocks, the push blocks are connected to the hole ends of the guide holes through springs, and collision balls are arranged in the guide holes; when spraying protection oil, the crushing roller slowly rotates, and collision ball rolls and hits and beat on the ejector pad because of self gravity, and the ejector pad pushes away the piece on crushing roller surface from the crushing roller, and the piece of the outer terminal surface adhesion of ejector pad simultaneously receives collision ball impact effect at its self under, and the piece vibration drops for rust-resistant oil that the shower nozzle sprays out is more comprehensive sprays on the crushing roller surface, reduces the crushing roller surface and sprays the dead angle, better protection crushing roller.
Preferably, one side wall of the guide hole is flat, and the other side wall of the guide hole is convex; the setting of guiding hole shape for when the ejector pad rotated the downward position, collision ball dropped to the ejector pad along protruding position, made collision ball more effectual hit on the ejector pad, if the downthehole lateral wall of guiding is the level and smooth form, rotated to orientation position in-process by horizontal position at the push rod, the collision ball rolled along the downthehole lateral wall of guiding, then hit and hit at the ejector pad, and the impact is weaker, and the ejector pad is relatively poor to clastic promotion effect.
Preferably, the base block is provided with a water spraying hole; the water spray holes are communicated with an external water pump of the shell through water pipes, and are also communicated with an oil delivery pipe through a middle pipe, and a one-way valve is arranged in the middle pipe; through setting up the hole for water spraying, the hole for water spraying sprays a clear water, and clear water at first strikes on the crushing roller surface, washes the bits thing of surface adhesion, then closes the water pump, and the drive fuel feed pump, protection oil spray on the crushing roller surface, reduces blockking of piece to protection oil, and more comprehensive carries out rust-resistant treatment to the crushing roller, and when the oil pressure was greater than the check valve and opens the threshold value, partial protection oil flowed along the hole for water spraying, carries out rust-resistant protection to the hole for water spraying, avoids the hole for water spraying to be corroded by water.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. after the rubbing crusher uses, defeated oil pipe pours into rust-preventive oil into the shower nozzle in, rust-preventive oil sprays on the surface of crushing roller, and the crushing roller is in slow rotating state simultaneously for the crushing roller surface is whole to be sprayed by rust-preventive oil, realizes the anticorrosion protection to the crushing roller, reduces the corruption of vertical acid juice to the crushing roller, thereby prolongs the life of crushing roller, prolongs its effective time broken to the branch.
2. When spraying protection oil, the crushing roller slowly rotates, and collision ball rolls and hits and beat on the ejector pad because of self gravity, and the ejector pad pushes away the piece on crushing roller surface from the crushing roller, and the piece of the outer terminal surface adhesion of ejector pad simultaneously receives collision ball impact effect at its self under, and the piece vibration drops for rust-resistant oil that the shower nozzle sprays out is more comprehensive sprays on the crushing roller surface, reduces the crushing roller surface and sprays the dead angle, better protection crushing roller.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the fully degradable modified plastic in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the shredder of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the pulverizer of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at A;
FIG. 5 is a view of the base block and the electric putter of the present invention in cooperation;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a base block of the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a shell 1, a crushing roller 2, a base block 3, a nozzle 4, an oil delivery pipe 5, a motor 6, a connecting rod 7, a baffle plate 8, a sliding hole 9, a sliding layer 10, a locking rod 11, a pull rope 12, an inserted rod 13, an inserting hole 14, a sliding groove 15, a first capsule 16, a second capsule 17, a bolt 18, a clamping groove 19, an electric push rod 20, a hinge rod 21, a guide hole 22, a push block 23, a collision ball 24, a water spraying hole 25 and a one-way valve 26.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the fully-degradable modified plastic comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
60-95 parts of base material;
30-50 parts of an additive;
the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-35 parts of cassava starch;
20-40 parts of plant fibers;
50-70 parts of biological starch degradation master batch;
30-50 parts of high-density polyethylene;
the additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
15-25 parts of a silane coupling agent;
5-10 parts of water-soluble microbial polysaccharide;
2-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol;
3-6 parts of butyl acrylate;
plant fiber is used as a raw material of the plastic, and the plant fiber can be straw fiber, tree fiber, grass fiber and the like; the branches or trunks trimmed from the fruit trees are generally processed in the prior art by crushing, then transporting to a furniture processing factory, pressing the crushed branches or trunks into plates, or filling the hollow parts of the plates of furniture, so as to achieve the purpose of waste utilization; moreover, still can regard it as the raw materials of degradation plastics, realize the multiple application of discarded object, make full use of resource reduces the volume that the discarded branch was regarded as the firewood fire, reduces waste gas's emission, is favorable to the protection to the environment.
Referring to fig. 1, a preparation method of a fully degradable modified plastic, the preparation method being used for preparing the fully degradable modified plastic, the preparation method comprising the following steps:
s1: preparing raw materials, namely preparing plant fibers with different meshes according to products processed and produced by fully-degradable modified plastics, putting branches into a crusher, crushing the branches into chips, screening the chips by using 20-mesh, 40-mesh and 80-mesh screens, and screening the plant fibers with different mesh grades for later use;
s2: adding 20-35 parts by weight of cassava starch, 20-40 parts by weight of plant fiber, 50-70 parts by weight of biological starch degradation master batch, 15-25 parts by weight of silane coupling agent, 5-10 parts by weight of water-soluble microbial polysaccharide, 2-5 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 3-6 parts by weight of butyl acrylate into a reaction kettle, heating in a water bath to 70-100 ℃, stirring at a constant speed for reaction for 20-30 minutes, and carrying out low-pressure reaction;
s3: after the low-pressure reaction is finished, the pressure of the reaction kettle is increased to 2.0-3.5MPa, the temperature is increased to 100-120 ℃, the stirring time is controlled to be 15-20 minutes under the low-speed stirring condition of 30-70rpm, then the pressure is released, the vacuum degree is kept to be 0.02-0.08MPa, and the flexible agglomerate is reserved;
s4: and (2) putting the flexible dough into a dispersing machine, mixing and dispersing the flexible dough in the dispersing machine, controlling the time to be 3-6 minutes and the temperature to be 80-90 ℃, and then putting the flexible dough into a screw reaction extruder, and shearing, mixing, devolatilizing, extruding and granulating the flexible dough through a screw extruder to obtain the fully-degradable modified plastic.
Referring to fig. 2 to 3, the pulverizer described in S1 includes a housing 1, a crushing roller 2, and a rust prevention mechanism; the crushing rollers 2 are rotatably connected in the shell 1, a feed port is arranged above the crushing rollers 2, and one side of each of the two crushing rollers 2 is provided with an antirust mechanism; the anti-rust mechanism comprises a base block 3, a spray head 4 and an oil delivery pipe 5; the base block 3 is positioned on one side of the crushing roller 2, the base block 3 is connected to the inner side wall of the shell 1, a plurality of spray heads 4 are installed on the side wall of the base block 3 opposite to the crushing roller 2, and the spray heads 4 are connected with an external oil supply pump of the shell 1 through an oil pipeline 5; during the process of crushing branches, a large amount of water exists in fresh branches, when the branches are crushed by a crusher, the water is distributed in the shell 1 and on the crushing roller 2, the juice of some branches is acidic, such as the branches of orange trees, the juice is acidic, and the acidic juice adheres to the crushing roller 2, so that the surface of the crushing roller 2 is corroded, the crushing effect of the crushing roller 2 on the branches is reduced, the crushing degree of partial branches is insufficient, and the branches need to be crushed again, so that the production and processing effects are influenced; therefore, the corrosion of the branch acid juice on the crushing roller 2 is reduced by arranging the antirust mechanism in the shell 1 and spraying the antirust oil on the surface of the crushing roller 2; after the rubbing crusher uses, defeated oil pipe 5 pours into rust-preventive oil into shower nozzle 4 in, rust-preventive oil sprays on the surface of crushing roller 2, and crushing roller 2 is in slow rotation state simultaneously for 2 surfaces of crushing roller are all sprayed by rust-preventive oil, realize the anticorrosion protection to crushing roller 2, reduce the corruption of vertical acid juice to crushing roller 2, thereby prolong the life of crushing roller 2, prolong its effective time to the branch breakage.
Referring to fig. 3-4, a protection mechanism is arranged between the rust prevention mechanism and the crushing roller 2; the protection mechanism comprises a motor 6, a connecting rod 7 and a baffle plate 8; the motor 6 is a double-end output motor 6, the motor 6 is fixedly connected to the side walls of the two sides of the shell 1, the output end of the motor 6 is fixedly connected with one end of a connecting rod 7, the other end of the connecting rod 7 is connected with a baffle plate 8, the baffle plate 8 is arc-shaped, the baffle plate 8 is slidably connected into a sliding hole 9 formed in the side wall of the shell 1, the inner end of the baffle plate 8 swings in a gap between the base block 3 and the crushing roller 2, and the inner end of the baffle plate 8 abuts against the inner side wall of the shell 1; the crushed chippings are thrown onto the base block 3 along with the crushing roller 2 and are adhered to the surface of the spray nozzle 4, and when the chippings are serious, the spray nozzle 4 is blocked after the chippings are dried, and therefore a protection mechanism is arranged between the protection mechanism and the crushing roller 2; when using shower nozzle 4, driving motor 6, motor 6 is servo motor 6, motor 6 drives the swing of baffle 8 through connecting rod 7, make the inner of baffle 8 move down gradually, baffle 8 no longer hides shower nozzle 4, 4 spout antirust oil of shower nozzle spray on crushing roller 2 surfaces, after the oil spout, motor 6 rotates, and drive baffle 8 to initial position, make baffle 8 arrange in between protection machanism and crushing roller 2 once more, realize the protection to shower nozzle 4, when making shower nozzle 4 reuse, antirust oil can effectively spray on crushing roller 2 surfaces.
Referring to fig. 4, a sliding layer 10 is arranged on the inner side wall of the shell 1, which is pressed against the baffle 8, and a lock rod 11 and a pull rope 12 are arranged in the sliding layer 10; one end of the lock rod 11 is connected to the inner upper side of the sliding layer 10 in a sliding mode through a spring, the other end of the lock rod 11 is fixedly connected with one end of a pull rope 12, and the other end of the pull rope 12 is wound on the output end of the motor 6; an inserting rod 13 is fixedly connected to the inner side of one end of the lock rod 11, and the inserting rod 13 is embedded into an inserting hole 14 formed in the inner end of the baffle plate 8;
a sliding groove 15 is formed in the position, connected with the connecting rod 7, of the baffle plate 8, and two sides of the other end of the connecting rod 7 are connected into the sliding groove 15 through springs; motor 6 drives connecting rod 7 and rotates, the other end of connecting rod 7 passes through spring promotion baffle 8 and rotates, and place between protection machanism and crushing roller 2, smooth layer 10 is arranged in to the inner of baffle 8 simultaneously, motor 6 continues to rotate, the output of motor 6 rotates and twines stay cord 12, the other end extrusion spring of connecting rod 7, stay cord 12 pulling locking lever 11 simultaneously, locking lever 11 removes to motor 6 direction, the fixed of baffle 8 is realized in inserting the jack 14 to inserted bar 13 on the locking lever 11, prevent the rubbing crusher when operating, the vibrational force of its production, make baffle 8 the inner automatic 1 inside wall that breaks away from of casing, baffle 8 loses the effect of sheltering from to shower nozzle 4.
Referring to fig. 3-4, a first capsule 16 is arranged in the sliding groove 15, the first capsule 16 is positioned at a position close to the crushing roller 2 in the sliding groove 15, a cavity is formed in one side of the jack 14, and a second capsule 17 and a bolt 18 are arranged in the cavity; the second capsule 17 is communicated with the first capsule 16, the second capsule is extruded at the inner end of the bolt 18, the bolt 18 penetrates into the jack 14 in a sliding mode through a spring, and the end part of the bolt is embedded into a clamping groove 19 formed in the surface of the inserted link 13; the other end of connecting rod 7 extrudees a bag 16, and the gas in a bag 16 is bloated in No. two bags 17, and No. two bags 17 are bloated to extrude bolt 18, the tip of bolt 18 extends to in the draw-in groove 19, realizes further fixing between inserted bar 13 and jack 14, improves the stability that baffle 8 sheltered from to shower nozzle 4.
Referring to fig. 5, a swing mechanism is provided on the base block 3; the swing mechanism comprises an electric push rod 20 and a hinge rod 21; one end of the hinge rod 21 is hinged to the rear side wall of the base block 3 in a ball joint mode, the other end of the hinge rod 21 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the shell 1, one side of the hinge rod 21 is provided with the electric push rod 20, one end of the electric push rod 20 is hinged to one side of the middle position of the base block 3 in a ball joint mode, and the other end of the electric push rod 20 is rotatably connected to the inner side wall; through control electric push rod 20, realize 3 horizontal direction swings of base block to control 4 injection angle's of shower nozzle regulation, make the rust-resistant oil that shower nozzle 4 sprayed more comprehensive spray on crushing roller 2 surfaces, reduce the 2 surfaces of crushing roller and spray the dead angle, better protection crushing roller 2.
Referring to fig. 3, a plurality of guide holes 22 are formed in the surface of the crushing roller 2, a push block 23 is arranged at the hole end of each guide hole 22, the push block 23 is connected to the hole end of each guide hole 22 through a spring, and a collision ball 24 is arranged in each guide hole 22; when spraying protection oil, crushing roller 2 slowly rotates, collision ball 24 is because of self gravity, roll and hit and beat on ejector pad 23, ejector pad 23 pushes away the piece on 2 surfaces of crushing roller from crushing roller 2, and the piece of the outer terminal surface adhesion of ejector pad 23 simultaneously receives collision ball 24 at its self and hits under the effect of hitting power, and the piece vibration drops for the rust-resistant oil that shower nozzle 4 sprayed is more comprehensive sprays on 2 surfaces of crushing roller, reduces 2 surfaces of crushing roller and sprays the dead angle, better protection crushing roller 2.
Referring to fig. 3, one side wall of the guide hole 22 is flat, and the other side wall of the guide hole 22 is convex; the shape of the guide hole 22 is set so that when the push block 23 rotates to the downward position, the collision ball 24 falls onto the push block 23 along the convex part, so that the collision ball 24 can more effectively strike on the push block 23, and if the inner side wall of the guide hole 22 is flat, in the process that the push rod rotates from the horizontal position to the facing position, the collision ball 24 rolls along the inner side wall of the guide hole 22 and then strikes on the push block 23, the impact force is weak, and the pushing effect of the push block 23 on chips is poor.
Example two:
referring to fig. 6, a first comparative example, which is another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the base block 3 is provided with water spraying holes 25; the water spray holes 25 are communicated with an external water pump of the shell 1 through water pipes, the water spray holes 25 are also communicated with the oil delivery pipe 5 through a middle pipe, and a one-way valve 26 is arranged in the middle pipe; through setting up the hole for water spraying 25, the hole for water spraying 25 sprays a clear water, the clear water is at first strikeed on 2 surfaces of crushing roller, wash the bits thing of surface adhesion, then close the water pump, the drive fuel feed pump, protection oil sprays on 2 surfaces of crushing roller, reduce blockking of piece to protection oil, more comprehensive carries out rust-resistant treatment to crushing roller 2, when the oil pressure is greater than check valve 26 and opens the threshold value, partial protection oil flows along hole for water spraying 25, carry out rust-resistant protection to hole for water spraying 25, avoid hole for water spraying 25 to be corroded by water.
The working principle is as follows: during the process of crushing the branches, a large amount of water exists in the fresh branches, when the fresh branches are crushed by the crusher, the water is distributed in the shell 1 and on the crushing roller 2, the juice of some branches is acidic, such as the branches of orange trees, the juice is acidic, and the acidic juice is adhered to the crushing roller 2, so that the surface corrosion of the crushing roller 2 can be caused, the crushing effect of the crushing roller 2 on the branches is reduced, the crushing degree of partial branches is insufficient, and the branches need to be put into crushing again, so that the production and processing effects are influenced; therefore, the rust-proof mechanism is arranged in the shell 1, and rust-proof oil is sprayed on the surface of the crushing roller 2, so that the corrosion of branch acid juice on the crushing roller 2 is reduced; after the crusher is used, the oil conveying pipe 5 injects rust preventive oil into the spray head 4, the rust preventive oil is sprayed on the surface of the crushing roller 2, and meanwhile, the crushing roller 2 is in a slow rotating state, so that all the surface of the crushing roller 2 is sprayed by the rust preventive oil, the corrosion protection of the crushing roller 2 is realized, the corrosion of vertical acid juice to the crushing roller 2 is reduced, the service life of the crushing roller 2 is prolonged, and the effective tree branch crushing time is prolonged;
the crushed chips are thrown onto the base block 3 along with the crushing roller 2 and are adhered to the surface of the spray nozzle 4, and when the chips are serious, the spray nozzle 4 is blocked after the chips are dried, so that a protection mechanism is arranged between the protection mechanism and the crushing roller 2; when the spray head 4 is used, the motor 6 is driven, the motor 6 is a servo motor 6, the motor 6 drives the baffle plate 8 to swing through the connecting rod 7, so that the inner end of the baffle plate 8 gradually moves downwards, the spray head 4 is not covered by the baffle plate 8 any more, antirust oil sprayed out of the spray head 4 is sprayed on the surface of the crushing roller 2, after oil spraying is finished, the motor 6 rotates and drives the baffle plate 8 to an initial position, the baffle plate 8 is placed between the protection mechanism and the crushing roller 2 again, protection of the spray head 4 is realized, and the antirust oil can be effectively sprayed on the surface of the crushing roller 2 when the spray head 4 is used again;
the motor 6 drives the connecting rod 7 to rotate, the other end of the connecting rod 7 pushes the baffle plate 8 to rotate through the spring and is arranged between the protective mechanism and the crushing roller 2, meanwhile, the inner end of the baffle plate 8 is arranged in the sliding layer 10, the motor 6 continues to rotate, the output end of the motor 6 rotates and winds the pull rope 12, the other end of the connecting rod 7 extrudes the spring, meanwhile, the pull rope 12 pulls the lock rod 11, the lock rod 11 moves towards the motor 6, the insertion rod 13 on the lock rod 11 is inserted into the insertion hole 14 to fix the baffle plate 8, and the vibration force generated by the pulverizer when the pulverizer operates is prevented, so that the inner end of the baffle plate 8 is automatically separated from the inner side wall of the shell 1, and the baffle plate 8 loses the shielding effect on the spray head 4;
the other end of the connecting rod 7 extrudes the first bag 16, gas in the first bag 16 is blown into the second bag 17, the second bag 17 is blown up and extrudes the bolt 18, the end part of the bolt 18 extends into the clamping groove 19, further fixation between the inserting rod 13 and the inserting hole 14 is realized, and the shielding stability of the baffle plate 8 on the spray head 4 is improved; the base block 3 swings in the horizontal direction by controlling the electric push rod 20, so that the adjustment of the spraying angle of the spray head 4 is controlled, the anti-rust oil sprayed by the spray head 4 is more comprehensively sprayed on the surface of the crushing roller 2, the spraying dead angle of the surface of the crushing roller 2 is reduced, and the crushing roller 2 is better protected; when protective oil is sprayed, the crushing roller 2 rotates slowly, the collision ball 24 rolls and hits the push block 23 due to self gravity, the push block 23 pushes fragments on the surface of the crushing roller 2 away from the crushing roller 2, and meanwhile, the fragments adhered to the outer end face of the push block 23 vibrate and fall off under the action of the impact force of the collision ball 24, so that the antirust oil sprayed by the spray head 4 is more comprehensively sprayed on the surface of the crushing roller 2, the spraying dead angle of the surface of the crushing roller 2 is reduced, and the crushing roller 2 is better protected;
the arrangement of the shape of the guide hole 22 enables the collision ball 24 to fall onto the push block 23 along the convex part when the push block 23 rotates to the downward position, so that the collision ball 24 can hit on the push block 23 more effectively, if the inner side wall of the guide hole 22 is flat, in the process that the push rod rotates from the horizontal position to the facing position, the collision ball 24 rolls along the inner side wall of the guide hole 22, and then hits on the push block 23, the impact force is weak, and the pushing effect of the push block 23 on the fragments is poor.
The front, the back, the left, the right, the upper and the lower are all based on figure 1 in the attached drawings of the specification, according to the standard of the observation angle of a person, the side of the device facing an observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and the like.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A fully-degradable modified plastic is characterized in that: the composition is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
60-95 parts of base material;
30-50 parts of an additive;
the base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-35 parts of cassava starch;
20-40 parts of plant fiber;
50-70 parts of biological starch degradation master batch;
30-50 parts of high-density polyethylene;
the additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
15-25 parts of a silane coupling agent;
5-10 parts of water-soluble microbial polysaccharide;
2-5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol;
3-6 parts of butyl acrylate.
2. A method for preparing a fully degradable modified plastic, which is used for preparing the fully degradable modified plastic as described in claim 1, and is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing raw materials, namely preparing plant fibers with different meshes according to products processed and produced by fully-degradable modified plastics, putting branches into a crusher, crushing the branches into chips, screening the chips by using 20-mesh, 40-mesh and 80-mesh screens, and screening the plant fibers with different mesh grades for later use;
s2: adding 20-35 parts by weight of cassava starch, 20-40 parts by weight of plant fiber, 50-70 parts by weight of biological starch degradation master batch, 15-25 parts by weight of silane coupling agent, 5-10 parts by weight of water-soluble microbial polysaccharide, 2-5 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 3-6 parts by weight of butyl acrylate into a reaction kettle, heating in a water bath to 70-100 ℃, stirring at a constant speed for reaction for 20-30 minutes, and carrying out low-pressure reaction;
s3: after the low-pressure reaction is finished, the pressure of the reaction kettle is increased to 2.0-3.5MPa, the temperature is increased to 100-120 ℃, the stirring time is controlled to be 15-20 minutes under the low-speed stirring condition of 30-70rpm, then the pressure is released, the vacuum degree is kept to be 0.02-0.08MPa, and the flexible agglomerate is reserved;
s4: and (2) putting the flexible dough into a dispersing machine, mixing and dispersing the flexible dough in the dispersing machine, controlling the time to be 3-6 minutes and the temperature to be 80-90 ℃, and then putting the flexible dough into a screw reaction extruder, and shearing, mixing, devolatilizing, extruding and granulating the flexible dough through a screw extruder to obtain the fully-degradable modified plastic.
3. The preparation method of the fully degradable modified plastic as claimed in claim 2, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the pulverizer in S1 comprises a shell (1), a crushing roller (2) and a rust prevention mechanism; the crushing rollers (2) are rotatably connected in the shell (1), a feed inlet is formed above each crushing roller (2), and an anti-rust mechanism is arranged on one side of each of the two crushing rollers (2); the anti-rust mechanism comprises a base block (3), a spray head (4) and an oil delivery pipe (5); base block (3) are located crushing roller (2) one side, and base block (3) are connected on casing (1) inside wall, and a plurality of shower nozzles (4) of side wall mounting relative with crushing roller (2) on base block (3), and shower nozzle (4) are through defeated oil pipe (5) external fuel feed pump of casing (1) of connecting.
4. The preparation method of the fully degradable modified plastic as claimed in claim 3, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: a protection mechanism is arranged between the rust prevention mechanism and the crushing roller (2); the protection mechanism comprises a motor (6), a connecting rod (7) and a baffle (8); motor (6) are double-end output motor (6), motor (6) rigid coupling is on casing (1) both sides lateral wall, the one end of the output rigid coupling connecting rod (7) of motor (6), baffle (8) are connected to the other end of connecting rod (7), baffle (8) are the arc form, baffle (8) sliding connection is in slide opening (9) of opening on casing (1) lateral wall, the inner swing of baffle (8) is in the clearance between base block (3) and crushing roller (2), and the inner top of baffle (8) is on casing (1) inside wall.
5. The preparation method of the fully degradable modified plastic as claimed in claim 4, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: a sliding layer (10) is arranged on the inner side wall of the shell (1) against which the baffle (8) is pressed, and a lock rod (11) and a pull rope (12) are arranged in the sliding layer (10); one end of the lock rod (11) is connected to the inner upper side of the sliding layer (10) in a sliding mode through a spring, the other end of the lock rod (11) is fixedly connected with one end of a pull rope (12), and the other end of the pull rope (12) is wound on the output end of the motor (6); an insert rod (13) is fixedly connected to the inner side of one end of the lock rod (11), and the insert rod (13) is embedded into an insertion hole (14) formed in the inner end of the baffle (8);
a sliding groove (15) is formed in the position, connected with the connecting rod (7), of the baffle (8), and two sides of the other end of the connecting rod (7) are connected into the sliding groove (15) through springs.
6. The preparation method of the fully degradable modified plastic as claimed in claim 5, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: a first capsule (16) is arranged in the sliding groove (15), the first capsule (16) is positioned at a position close to the crushing roller (2) in the sliding groove (15), a cavity is formed in one side of the insertion hole (14), and a second capsule (17) and a plug pin (18) are arranged in the cavity; the second bag (17) is communicated with the first bag (16), the second bag is extruded at the inner end of the bolt (18), the bolt (18) penetrates into the jack (14) in a sliding mode through the spring, and the end portion of the bolt is embedded into a clamping groove (19) formed in the surface of the inserted link (13).
7. The preparation method of the fully degradable modified plastic as claimed in claim 4, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the base block (3) is provided with a swing mechanism; the swing mechanism comprises an electric push rod (20) and a hinge rod (21); the one end ball of articulated rod (21) is articulated on the back lateral wall of base block (3), and the other end rigid coupling of articulated rod (21) is on casing (1) inside wall, and articulated rod (21) one side is electric push rod (20), and the one end ball of electric push rod (20) is articulated on base block (3) intermediate position one side, and the other end rotation of electric push rod (20) is connected on can the inside wall.
8. The preparation method of the fully degradable modified plastic as claimed in claim 6, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: a plurality of guide holes (22) are formed in the surface of the crushing roller (2), a push block (23) is arranged at the hole end of each guide hole (22), the push block (23) is connected to the hole end of each guide hole (22) through a spring, and a collision ball (24) is arranged in each guide hole (22).
9. The preparation method of the fully degradable modified plastic as claimed in claim 8, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: one side wall of the guide hole (22) is flat, and the other side wall of the guide hole (22) is convex.
10. The preparation method of the fully degradable modified plastic as claimed in claim 7, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the base block (3) is provided with a water spraying hole (25); the water spray holes (25) are communicated with an external water pump of the shell (1) through water pipes, the water spray holes (25) are also communicated with the oil delivery pipe (5) through a middle pipe, and a one-way valve (26) is arranged in the middle pipe.
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| CN202211647895.9A CN117774174A (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | Preparation method of fully-degradable modified plastic |
| CN202210265527.1A CN114456449B (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | Fully-degradable modified plastic and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202210265527.1A CN114456449B (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | Fully-degradable modified plastic and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202210265527.1A Active CN114456449B (en) | 2022-03-17 | 2022-03-17 | Fully-degradable modified plastic and preparation method thereof |
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| JPH0899318A (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-04-16 | Toshiba Corp | Disposer of waste plastic product |
| CN101914294A (en) * | 2010-08-26 | 2010-12-15 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Paper-imitating biodegradable resin and preparation method |
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| CN111037790A (en) * | 2020-02-23 | 2020-04-21 | 杨松 | Crushing robot for waste heavy-duty tire casings |
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| CN112812377A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-05-18 | 绍兴上虞伟强包装有限公司 | High-strength medical plastic bag and preparation process thereof |
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2022
- 2022-03-17 CN CN202211647895.9A patent/CN117774174A/en active Pending
- 2022-03-17 CN CN202210265527.1A patent/CN114456449B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0899318A (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-04-16 | Toshiba Corp | Disposer of waste plastic product |
| CN101914294A (en) * | 2010-08-26 | 2010-12-15 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Paper-imitating biodegradable resin and preparation method |
| CN104987540A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-10-21 | 苏笑海 | Biomass-based thermoplastic elastic master batch and preparation method thereof |
| CN111716592A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2020-09-29 | 朱晓萍 | Efficiency of is promoted waste plastic recovery processing system |
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| CN117774174A (en) | 2024-03-29 |
| CN114456449B (en) | 2023-02-17 |
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