CN114448374A - 一种滤波电路 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种滤波电路,第一PCB层由电源线、电源接口、第二滤波电容、第一滤波电容组成;电源线包括电源网络、GND网络;第二PCB层设置有导体平面;电源接口连接GND网络,电源接口还与导体平面连接;GND网络、第二滤波电容、导体平面依次连接;电源网络、第一滤波电容、导体平面依次连接。本发明的电路结构的电路设计和整体的layout设计思路对共模噪声、差模噪声、辐射噪声、传导噪声具有很好的抑制效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及滤波技术,特别是一种滤波电路。
背景技术
外接电源的电子产品电源接口处的传导噪声和辐射噪声是有很严格的测试要求的,如果噪声超标即会影响其他电子产品的正常工作也会对自身的电路性能和稳定性产生影响。
常用的滤波电路包括无源滤波和有源滤波两大类,无源滤波的主要形式包括电容滤波、电感滤波和复式滤波(L型、LC滤波、RC滤波等)。有源滤波的主要形式是有源RC滤波,也即电子滤波。
电源部分的噪声包括差模噪声和共模噪声,普通的滤波电路一般只对差模噪声有效,无法解决共模噪声带来的影响。
共模电感,也叫共模扼流圈,常用来抑制共模噪声,但是共模电感体积大,成本高。尤其是功率比较大的电子设备,共模电感为了保证通流能力,体积大,成本高,不利于电路设计和系统集成。
发明内容
本发明的发明目的在于:针对现有的滤波电路难以抑制共模噪声的问题,提供一种滤波电路。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种滤波电路,包括第一PCB层、第二PCB层;
第一PCB层包括电源线、电源接口、第二滤波电容、第一滤波电容;电源线包括电源网络、GND网络;
第二PCB层包括导体平面;
电源接口连接GND网络,电源接口还与导体平面连接;
GND网络、第二滤波电容、导体平面依次连接;
电源网络、第一滤波电容、导体平面依次连接。
本发明的电路结构的电路设计和整体的layout设计思路对共模噪声、差模噪声、辐射噪声、传导噪声具有很好的抑制效果。
优选的,所述第一PCB层与第二PCB层之间还设置有中间层,所述中间层上设置有多个过孔。
优选的,所述第二滤波电容通过中间层的过孔连接导体平面;所述第一滤波电容通过中间层的过孔连接导体平面;所述电源接口107通过中间层的过孔连接导体平面。
优选的,还包括第三滤波电容,第三滤波电容一端连接电源网络106,另一端连接GND网络。
优选的,还包括第一滤波模块、第二滤波模块,第一滤波模块设置于电源网络上,第二滤波模块设置于GND网络上。
优选的,所述第一滤波模块、第二滤波模块为电感或磁珠或共模扼流圈。
综上所述,由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明的有益效果是:
一种滤波电路,第一PCB层由电源线、电源接口、第二滤波电容、第一滤波电容组成;电源线包括电源网络、GND网络;第二PCB层设置有导体平面;电源接口连接GND网络,电源接口还与导体平面连接;GND网络、第二滤波电容、导体平面依次连接;电源网络、第一滤波电容、导体平面依次连接。本发明的电路结构的电路设计和整体的layout设计思路对共模噪声、差模噪声、辐射噪声、传导噪声具有很好的抑制效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明的Layout结构示意图。
图2为实施例1的电路原理示意图。
图3为实施例2的电路原理示意图。
图4为实施例3的电路原理示意图。
图5未使用本发明电路的传导噪声测试结果。
图6使用本发明的电路的传导噪声测试结果。
图7使用本发明的电路辐射噪声测试结果。
图8未使用本发明的电路辐射噪声测试结果。
图中标记:101A-第一PCB层,101B-中间层,101C-第二PCB层,102-第二滤波电容,103-第一滤波电容,104-电源线,105-GND网络,106-电源网络,107-电源接口,108-第一金属过孔,109-导体平面,110-避空区域,111-第三滤波电容,112-第一滤波模块,113-第二滤波模块,114-第二金属过孔,115-第三金属过孔。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图,对本发明作详细的说明。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
如图1所示的一种滤波电路,包括第一PCB层101A、第二PCB层101C;第一PCB层包括电源线104、电源接口107、第二滤波电容102、第一滤波电容103;电源线104包括电源网络106、GND网络105;第二PCB层101C包括导体平面109;电源接口107连接GND网络105,电源接口107还通过第一金属过孔108与导体平面109连接;GND网络105和第二滤波电容102一端连接,第二滤波电容102另一端通过第三金属过孔115和导体平面109相连;电源网络106和第一滤波电容103的一端连接,第一滤波电容103另一端通过第二金属过孔114和导体平面109连接。所述第一PCB层101A与第二PCB层101C之间还设置有中间层,所述中间层101B上设置有多个过孔,过孔用于穿过金属过孔,中间层可以是介质层也可以是电气层加介质层。所述第二滤波电容102通过中间层101B的过孔连接导体平面109;所述第一滤波电容103通过中间层101B的过孔连接导体平面109;所述电源接口107通过中间层101B的过孔连接导体平面109。
结合图2的电路原理图,本发明的滤波效果对差模噪声和共模噪声的降噪都有显著效果,具体来说:
对于差模噪声,电源网络上的差模噪声电流的路径1为GND网络105->第二滤波电容102->第三金属过孔115->导体平面109->第一金属过孔108->电源接口107->GND网络105;差模噪声电流的路径2为电源网络106->第一滤波电容103->第二金属过孔114->导体平面109->第一金属过孔108->电源接口107->GND网络105;差模噪声从电源线104进入到PCB之后经过一个环路之后回到电源线104,将噪声有效地阻隔在PCB外部。共模噪声在电源网络和GND网络上都存在,共模噪声的路径为GND网络105->第二滤波电容102->第三金属过孔115->导体平面109->第一金属过孔108->电源接口107->GND网络105和电源网络106->第一滤波电容103->第二金属过孔114->导体平面109->第一金属过孔108->电源接口107->GND网络105。共模噪声从电源线104进入到PCB之后同样经过一个环路之后回到电源线104,将噪声有效地阻隔在PCB外部。共模噪声和差模噪声虽然从路径上看是一样的,但是滤波的原理是不同的。
实施例2
本实施例2与实施例1的区别在于,还包括第三滤波电容111,第三滤波电容111一端连接电源网络106,另一端连接GND网络105,如图3所示。
增加第三滤波电容111来进一步优化差模噪声的滤波效果,因为第三滤波电容111给差模噪声又提供了一个噪声电流路径,具体路径是GND网络105->第三滤波电容111->电源网络106或者电源网络106->第三滤波电容111->105GND网络。第三滤波电容111可以是一个滤波电容或者多个滤波电容,电容的容值可以根据需要的滤波频率进行选择,比如1nF或者100pF。
图5是未使用本发明电路,只有第三滤波电容111的滤波电路的传导噪声测试结果,结果显示1MHz以下的低频部分传导噪声超标很严重。图6是使用了本实施例2的电路设计的传导噪声测试结果,结果显示测试范围内的噪声都没有超标,噪声抑制效果接近30dBuV。
图8是未使用本发明电路,只有S6结构的滤波电路的辐射噪声测试结果,结果显示199MHz,375MHz,625MHz处超标严重。图7是使用了本实施例2的电路设计的辐射噪声测试结果,结果显示在测试范围内的所有频率都没有辐射噪声超标。噪声抑制效果接近30dBuV/m。
实施例3
本实施例3与实施例2的区别在于,还包括第一滤波模块112、第二滤波模块113,第一滤波模块112设置于电源网络106上,第二滤波模块113设置于GND网络105上,所述第一滤波模块112、第二滤波模块113为电感或磁珠或共模扼流圈,如图4所示。
增加了第一滤波模块112、第二滤波模块113来进一步优化共模噪声的滤波效果。第一滤波模块112、第二滤波模块113可以是电感、磁珠、共模扼流圈,第一滤波模块112、第二滤波模块113的数量可以是多个,根据实际电路的电流大小、希望滤波的频率进行选择。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种滤波电路,其特征在于,包括第一PCB层、第二PCB层;
第一PCB层包括电源线、电源接口、第二滤波电容、第一滤波电容;电源线包括电源网络、GND网络;
第二PCB层包括导体平面;
电源接口连接GND网络,电源接口还与导体平面连接;
GND网络、第二滤波电容、导体平面依次连接;
电源网络、第一滤波电容、导体平面依次连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种滤波电路,其特征在于,所述第一PCB层与第二PCB层之间还设置有中间层,所述中间层为介质层或介质层加电气层,所述中间层上设置有多个过孔。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种滤波电路,其特征在于,所述第二滤波电容通过中间层的过孔连接导体平面;所述第一滤波电容通过中间层的过孔连接导体平面;所述电源接口通过中间层的过孔连接导体平面。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种滤波电路,其特征在于,还包括第三滤波电容,第三滤波电容一端连接电源网络,另一端连接GND网络。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种滤波电路,其特征在于,还包括第一滤波模块、第二滤波模块,第一滤波模块设置于电源网络上,第二滤波模块设置于GND网络上。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种滤波电路,其特征在于,所述第一滤波模块、第二滤波模块为电感或磁珠或共模扼流圈。
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CN118074647A (zh) * | 2024-03-07 | 2024-05-24 | 深圳市比创达电子科技有限公司 | 一种共模电容及其在emc滤波器中的应用 |
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