CN114446134A - Fire experiment platform for underwater V-shaped slope tunnel - Google Patents
Fire experiment platform for underwater V-shaped slope tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN114446134A CN114446134A CN202210093646.3A CN202210093646A CN114446134A CN 114446134 A CN114446134 A CN 114446134A CN 202210093646 A CN202210093646 A CN 202210093646A CN 114446134 A CN114446134 A CN 114446134A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fire experiment platform for an underwater V-shaped slope tunnel, which belongs to the technical field of fire and smoke prevention and discharge of tunnels and comprises a tunnel model main body, a lifting part, a longitudinal ventilation mechanism, a side key smoke discharge mechanism, a fire source combustion simulation mechanism and a measurement and recording mechanism, wherein the tunnel model main body comprises a plurality of sections of shells and a hollow part, the plurality of sections of shells surround to form the hollow part, and the hollow part is V-shaped; the lifting component is arranged on the multi-section shell and is positioned outside the hollow part; the longitudinal ventilation mechanism is arranged on the shell in multiple sections and is communicated with the hollow part so as to discharge gas into the hollow part through the longitudinal ventilation mechanism; the side key smoke exhaust mechanism is arranged on the shell. The invention can realize the simulation research on the fire of the underwater V-shaped slope tunnel in the side key smoke exhaust mode, and has the technical effects of simple operation, safety, reliability, good repeatability and obvious effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fire prevention and smoke exhaust of tunnels, and particularly relates to a fire experiment platform for an underwater V-shaped slope tunnel.
Background
The tunnel is as one of traffic tunnel under water, and it is located along the sea city that many, the traffic flow in the tunnel is great, and the tunnel slope shape is mostly V font structure simultaneously, has great longitudinal gradient. The structural characteristics of the underwater tunnel cause the fire hazard characteristics of the underwater tunnel to be different from those of a common tunnel. The main performance is as follows: the probability of fire is high, the traffic density in the tunnel is high, the tunnel is a long and narrow closed space, the light sensitivity of a driver is reduced due to the light/dark adaptation when the driver enters or exits the tunnel, traffic accidents happen occasionally, the underwater tunnel has a certain longitudinal gradient, the traffic accident rate is gradually increased along with the increase of the gradient of the tunnel, and the probability of fire accidents is relatively higher; the smoke flows complicatedly, and the emergency rescue degree of difficulty is big, receives chimney effect influence smoke to constantly stretch to the upslope direction in the tunnel that slopes, and the slope shape of tunnel is the V font slope under water, and the whole linear characteristics that demonstrate both ends height in the middle of the tunnel is low, and the motion of smoke in the tunnel becomes more complicated, and the effect of preventing discharging fume in the tunnel is difficult to obtain guaranteeing, and the slope in tunnel makes personnel's average escape speed slow simultaneously, makes the degree of difficulty increase of emergency rescue etc..
At present, in the existing tunnel fire smoke prevention and exhaust technology, a tunnel fire experiment platform for a scene of longitudinal ventilation or important smoke exhaust of a horizontal tunnel is usually adopted, and the change conditions of main parameters influencing evacuation rescue environment in fire scenes such as smoke temperature, flow velocity, pressure and visibility in the horizontal tunnel are known through the tunnel fire experiment platform, so that guidance is provided for a fire smoke control theoretical basis in the tunnel. However, the method is difficult to be suitable for the smoke spreading characteristic in the V-shaped slope tunnel of the underwater tunnel, the simulation research on the fire hazard of the underwater V-shaped slope tunnel in a side key smoke exhaust mode cannot be carried out, the operation is complex, the safety is poor, the repeatability is low, and the effect is not obvious.
In summary, in the existing tunnel fire and smoke prevention and discharge technology, there are technical problems that the simulation research of the underwater V-shaped slope tunnel fire in the side key smoke discharge mode cannot be performed, the operation is complicated, the safety is poor, the repeatability is low, and the effect is not obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the simulation research on the fire disaster of the underwater V-shaped slope tunnel in the side key smoke exhaust mode cannot be carried out, the operation is complex, the safety is poor, the repeatability is low and the effect is not obvious.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a fire experiment platform for an underwater V-shaped slope tunnel, which comprises: the tunnel model comprises a tunnel model main body, a lifting part, a longitudinal ventilation mechanism, a side key smoke exhaust mechanism, a fire source combustion simulation mechanism and a measurement recording mechanism, wherein the tunnel model main body comprises a plurality of sections of shells and a hollow part, the plurality of sections of shells surround to form the hollow part, and the hollow part is V-shaped; the lifting component is arranged on the multi-section shell and is positioned outside the hollow part; the longitudinal ventilation mechanism is arranged on the shell in multiple sections and is communicated with the hollow part, so that gas is discharged into the hollow part through the longitudinal ventilation mechanism; the side key smoke exhausting mechanism is arranged on the shell in multiple sections and communicated with the hollow part so as to exhaust gas in the hollow part through the side key smoke exhausting mechanism; the fire source combustion simulation mechanism comprises: the liquid fire source combustion simulation mechanism is arranged in the hollow part so as to simulate the simulated combustion of the liquid fire source through the liquid fire source combustion simulation mechanism; the measurement recording mechanism includes: the wind speed measuring and recording component is used for acquiring the gas flow speed in the hollow part; the smoke temperature measuring and recording component is used for collecting the gas temperature in the hollow part; the flue gas component concentration analysis component is used for collecting gas components in the hollow part.
Further, the multi-section shell comprises a telescopic flame-retardant sleeve, a first sub-tunnel and a second sub-tunnel, the second sub-tunnel is connected with the telescopic flame-retardant sleeve, and the telescopic flame-retardant sleeve is connected with the first sub-tunnel; the lifting component comprises a first hydraulic lifting column and a second hydraulic lifting column, and the first hydraulic lifting column is installed on the first sub-tunnel; the second hydraulic lifting column is installed on the second sub-tunnel.
Furthermore, the longitudinal ventilation mechanism comprises a rectifying pipe section, a variable-frequency axial flow fan and a reducing pipe, wherein the rectifying pipe section is arranged on the shell in multiple sections, and the rectifying pipe section is communicated with the hollow part; the variable-frequency axial flow fan is connected with the rectifying pipe section through a reducing pipe, and the reducing pipe is communicated with the rectifying pipe section so as to drive air to be discharged into the hollow part through the variable-frequency axial flow fan.
Furthermore, the side-part key smoke exhaust mechanism comprises a side-part independent smoke exhaust channel, a smoke exhaust air shaft and a smoke exhaust fan, wherein the side-part independent smoke exhaust channel is arranged on the plurality of sections of the shell and is communicated with the hollow part; the smoke exhaust air shaft is communicated with the independent side smoke exhaust channel and is arranged at the end part of the independent side smoke exhaust channel; the smoke exhaust fan is arranged in the smoke exhaust air well.
Further, the fire source combustion simulation mechanism further comprises: the gas fire source combustion simulation mechanism comprises a porous burner, a fuel gas storage bottle, a gas supply pipeline, a gas flowmeter, a pressure gauge and a switch control valve, wherein the gas flowmeter, the pressure gauge and the switch control valve are arranged on the gas supply pipeline; the fuel gas storage cylinder is arranged on the shell in multiple sections, is positioned outside the hollow part and is communicated with the porous burner through a gas supply pipeline; the gas flowmeter is positioned between the fuel gas storage cylinder and the porous burner, and the pressure gauge is positioned between the gas flowmeter and the switch control valve.
Further, the wind speed measuring and recording component comprises a movable wind speed probe tree and a wind speed collector, the movable wind speed probe tree is mounted on the multiple sections of the shell, and the movable wind speed probe tree is located in the hollow part; the wind speed acquisition instrument is arranged on the plurality of sections of the shell, the wind speed acquisition instrument is positioned outside the hollow part, and the wind speed acquisition instrument is connected with the movable wind speed probe tree.
Further, the flue gas temperature measuring and recording component comprises a movable thermocouple tree, a thermocouple linear array and a temperature acquisition instrument, wherein the movable thermocouple tree is arranged on the plurality of sections of the shell and is positioned in the hollow part; the thermocouple linear arrays are arranged on the shell in multiple sections and are positioned in the hollow parts; the temperature acquisition instrument is arranged on the plurality of sections of the shell, is positioned outside the hollow part and is respectively connected with the movable thermocouple tree and the thermocouple linear array.
Further, the flue gas component concentration analysis component comprises a movable flue gas collection rod and a flue gas analyzer, the movable flue gas collection rod is installed on the multiple sections of the shell, and the movable flue gas collection rod is located in the hollow part; the smoke analyzer is arranged on the shell in multiple sections, the smoke analyzer is positioned outside the hollow part, and the smoke analyzer is connected with the movable smoke collecting rod.
Further, the measurement recording mechanism further includes: and the PC end is respectively connected with the liquid fire source combustion simulation mechanism, the wind speed measurement and recording component, the flue gas temperature measurement and recording component and the flue gas component concentration analysis component.
Further, the measurement recording mechanism further includes: the video recording component comprises a support, a video recorder and a laser transmitter, and the support is positioned outside the hollow part; the video recorder is arranged on the bracket; the laser transmitter is installed at the lens of the video recorder.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides a fire experiment platform for an underwater V-shaped slope tunnel. The longitudinal ventilation mechanism is arranged on the shell in multiple sections, and the longitudinal ventilation mechanism and the hollow part are communicated with each other so as to discharge gas into the hollow part through the longitudinal ventilation mechanism. The side-part-focused smoke exhausting mechanism is arranged on the shell in multiple sections, and the side-part-focused smoke exhausting mechanism is communicated with the hollow part so as to exhaust gas in the hollow part through the side-part-focused smoke exhausting mechanism. The liquid fire source combustion simulation mechanism in the fire source combustion simulation mechanism is arranged in the hollow part, so that the liquid fire source combustion simulation mechanism simulates the simulated combustion of the liquid fire source. The wind speed measuring and recording component in the measuring and recording mechanism is used for collecting the gas flow speed in the hollow part, the smoke temperature measuring and recording component is used for collecting the gas temperature in the hollow part, and the smoke component concentration analyzing component is used for collecting the gas components in the hollow part. Like this lifting unit adjusts the difference in height between the multisection casing for the slope to presenting the well kenozooecium for the V type is adjusted, in order to realize the change to the slope in the slope tunnel and the research of slope tunnel length to the influence of conflagration flue gas law. Gas is discharged into the hollow part through the longitudinal ventilation mechanism, so that the research on the influence of the smoke flow characteristic parameters in the side key smoke discharge mode is realized, and the fire smoke spreading rule and the distribution condition of the flow parameters of the slope tunnel in a non-longitudinal ventilation smoke discharge mode, a longitudinal ventilation mode and a side key smoke discharge mode can be researched. The device is further suitable for the smoke spreading characteristic in the V-shaped slope tunnel of the underwater tunnel, can realize simulation research on the fire of the underwater V-shaped slope tunnel in a side key smoke exhaust mode, and is simple to operate, safe, reliable, good in repeatability and obvious in effect. Therefore, the technical effects of realizing simulation research on the fire of the underwater V-shaped slope tunnel in the side key smoke exhaust mode, along with simple operation, safety, reliability, good repeatability and obvious effect are achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a first schematic diagram of a fire experiment platform for an underwater V-shaped slope tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of a fire experiment platform for an underwater "V" -shaped slope tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a third schematic view of a fire experiment platform for an underwater V-shaped slope tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a fourth schematic diagram of a fire experiment platform for an underwater "V" -shaped sloping tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a fifth schematic view of a fire experiment platform for an underwater V-shaped slope tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a sixth schematic view of a fire experiment platform for an underwater V-shaped slope tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a seventh schematic view of a fire experiment platform for an underwater "V" shaped sloping tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a fire experiment platform for an underwater V-shaped slope tunnel, wherein a hollow part 28 is formed by surrounding a plurality of sections of shells in a tunnel model main body, the hollow part 28 is V-shaped, a lifting component 2 is arranged on the plurality of sections of shells, and the lifting component 2 is positioned outside the hollow part 28. A longitudinal ventilation means is mounted to the housing in a plurality of sections, the longitudinal ventilation means and the hollow portion 28 communicating with each other for exhausting gas into the hollow portion 28 through the longitudinal ventilation means. The side-emphasis smoke exhausting means is attached to the housing in a plurality of stages, and the side-emphasis smoke exhausting means and the hollow portion 28 communicate with each other to exhaust the gas in the hollow portion 28 through the side-emphasis smoke exhausting means. The liquid fire source combustion simulation mechanism in the fire source combustion simulation mechanism is installed in the hollow part 28, so that the liquid fire source combustion simulation mechanism simulates the simulated combustion of the liquid fire source. The wind speed measuring and recording component in the measuring and recording mechanism is used for collecting the gas flow speed in the hollow part 28, the smoke temperature measuring and recording component is used for collecting the gas temperature in the hollow part 28, and the smoke component concentration analyzing component is used for collecting the gas components in the hollow part 28. The lifting unit 2 thus adjusts the difference in height between the sections of casing so that the slope of the hollow section 28, which is V-shaped, is adjusted to allow for the study of the change in slope in the slope tunnel and the effect of slope tunnel length on fire smoke laws. Gas is discharged into the hollow part 28 through the longitudinal ventilation mechanism, so that the research on the influence of the smoke flow characteristic parameters in the side key smoke discharging mode is realized, and the fire smoke spreading rule and the distribution condition of the flow parameters of the slope tunnel in the longitudinal ventilation smoke discharging mode, the longitudinal ventilation mode and the side key smoke discharging mode can be researched. The device is further suitable for the smoke spreading characteristic in the V-shaped slope tunnel of the underwater tunnel, can realize simulation research on the fire of the underwater V-shaped slope tunnel in a side key smoke exhaust mode, and is simple to operate, safe, reliable, good in repeatability and obvious in effect.
Therefore, the technical effects of realizing simulation research on the fire of the underwater V-shaped slope tunnel in the side key smoke exhaust mode, along with simple operation, safety, reliability, good repeatability and obvious effect are achieved. .
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention; the "and/or" keyword referred to in this embodiment represents sum or two cases, in other words, a and/or B mentioned in the embodiment of the present invention represents two cases of a and B, A or B, and describes three states where a and B exist, such as a and/or B, which represents: only A does not include B; only B does not include A; comprises A and B.
It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments. Spatially relative terms, such as "below," "above," and the like, may be used herein to facilitate describing one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements or features described as "lower" would then be oriented "upper" other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
Also, in embodiments of the invention where an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used in the embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, fig. 1 is a first schematic view of a first fire experiment platform for an underwater V-shaped slope tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 is a second schematic view of a second fire experiment platform for an underwater V-shaped slope tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a third schematic view of a third fire experiment platform for an underwater V-shaped slope tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 4 is a fourth schematic view of a fourth fire experiment platform for an underwater V-shaped slope tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 5 is a fifth schematic view of a fifth fire experiment platform for an underwater V-shaped slope tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 6 is a sixth schematic view of a sixth fire experiment platform for an underwater V-shaped slope tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 7 is a seventh schematic view of a fire experiment platform for an underwater V-shaped slope tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention . The fire experiment platform for the underwater V-shaped slope tunnel comprises a tunnel model main body, a lifting part 2, a longitudinal ventilation mechanism, a side key smoke exhaust mechanism, a fire source combustion simulation mechanism and a measurement recording mechanism, wherein the tunnel model main body, the lifting part 2, the longitudinal ventilation mechanism, the side key smoke exhaust mechanism, the fire source combustion simulation mechanism and the measurement recording mechanism are respectively explained in detail:
for the tunnel model body and the lifting means 2:
the tunnel model main body comprises a plurality of sections of shells and a hollow part 28, the shells surround to form the hollow part 28, and the hollow part 28 is in a V shape; the multi-section shell comprises a telescopic flame-retardant sleeve 1, a first sub-tunnel 26 and a second sub-tunnel 27, the second sub-tunnel 27 is connected with the telescopic flame-retardant sleeve 1, and the telescopic flame-retardant sleeve 1 is connected with the first sub-tunnel 26; the lifting component 2 is arranged on the shell in multiple sections, and the lifting component 2 is positioned outside the hollow part 28; the lifting component 2 comprises a first hydraulic lifting column and a second hydraulic lifting column, and the first hydraulic lifting column is installed on the first sub-tunnel 26; a second hydraulic lifting column is mounted to the second sub-tunnel 27.
Specifically, the multiple sections of shells are connected to each other to form a tunnel model body, and the hollow portion 28 is an internal space enclosed by the multiple sections of shells. The multi-section shell can comprise a first sub-tunnel 26, a second sub-tunnel 27 and a telescopic flame-retardant sleeve 1, wherein the first sub-tunnel 26 and the second sub-tunnel 27 are connected through the telescopic flame-retardant sleeve 1, and the telescopic flame-retardant sleeve 1 has elasticity of extension or contraction. A first hydraulic lifting column in the lifting component 2 is fixedly installed below the first sub-tunnel 26, the first hydraulic lifting column is lifted by the first hydraulic lifting column, the first hydraulic lifting column can be 4 and distributed at equal intervals, a second hydraulic lifting column in the lifting component 2 is fixedly installed below the second sub-tunnel 27, the second hydraulic lifting column is lifted by the second hydraulic lifting column, the second hydraulic lifting column can be distributed at 4 equal intervals, the lifting states of the first hydraulic lifting column and the second hydraulic lifting column can be adjusted according to the needs of researchers, the heights of the first sub-tunnel 26 and the second sub-tunnel 27 are adjusted, and the gradient of the model tunnel (namely the included angle between the first sub-tunnel 26 and the second sub-tunnel 27) can be changed. First sub-tunnel 26 and second sub-tunnel 27 can be connected by a plurality of detachable class rectangular cross section chamber units respectively and constitute, and the surface of each section chamber unit all adopts high temperature resistant toughened glass to cover for conveniently observe the flow field characteristic of flue gas motion, can carry out the record to the effect of ventilating and discharging fume through video recorder 23 of video record part among the measurement record mechanism, and this curved surface toughened glass window can be from last down outwards open, some detecting instrument and the equipment of the inside of tunnel model main part are conveniently arranged or are changed. The multisection casing can also be 2 sets, 2 first sub-tunnels 26, 2 second sub-tunnels 27 and 3 flexible fire-retardant sleeve pipes 1, 1 first sub-tunnel 26, 1 second sub-tunnel 27 and 1 flexible fire-retardant sleeve pipe 1 form 1 tunnel model main part, communicate through 1 flexible fire-retardant sleeve pipe 1 between 2 tunnel model main parts to form the slope of a plurality of V types, realize carrying out tunnel fire experiment to the slope of a plurality of V types.
For the longitudinal ventilation mechanism:
a longitudinal ventilation mechanism is arranged on the shell, the longitudinal ventilation mechanism is communicated with the hollow part 28, and gas is discharged into the hollow part 28 through the longitudinal ventilation mechanism; the longitudinal ventilation mechanism comprises a rectifying pipe section 5, a variable-frequency axial flow fan 3 and a reducing pipe 4, wherein the rectifying pipe section 5 is arranged on the shell in multiple sections, and the rectifying pipe section 5 is communicated with the hollow part 28; the variable frequency axial flow fan 3 is connected with the rectifying pipe section 5 through a reducing pipe 4, and the reducing pipe 4 and the rectifying pipe section 5 are communicated with each other so as to drive gas to be discharged into the hollow part 28 through the variable frequency axial flow fan 3.
Specifically, the cross-sectional area of the variable-frequency axial fan 3 in the longitudinal ventilation mechanism may be larger than the cross-sectional area of the tunnel model body (i.e., the cross-sectional area of the hollow portion 28), the air outlet of the variable-frequency axial fan 3 is communicated with one end of the rectifier tube segment 5 through the reducer 4, and the other end of the rectifier tube segment 5 is communicated with the tunnel model body (e.g., the first sub-tunnel 26) through the detachable interface. The variable-frequency axial flow fan 3 can change the wind speed of the wind outlet by changing the rotating speed of the impeller, and can provide uniform and stable longitudinal ventilation for the tunnel model main body (namely the inside of the hollow part 28) after the rectification treatment of the reducing pipe 4 and the rectifying pipe section 5.
For the side accent smoke evacuation mechanism:
the side-emphasis smoke exhausting mechanism is mounted on the housing in a plurality of sections, and the side-emphasis smoke exhausting mechanism and the hollow section 28 are communicated with each other to exhaust gas in the hollow section 28 through the side-emphasis smoke exhausting mechanism. The side-part key smoke exhaust mechanism comprises a side-part independent smoke exhaust channel 6, a smoke exhaust air shaft 7 and a smoke exhaust fan 8, wherein the side-part independent smoke exhaust channel 6 is arranged on the plurality of sections of the shell, and the side-part independent smoke exhaust channel 6 is communicated with the hollow part 28; the smoke exhaust air shaft 7 is communicated with the side independent discharge flue 6, and the smoke exhaust air shaft 7 is arranged at the end part of the side independent discharge flue 6; the smoke exhaust fan 8 is arranged in the smoke exhaust air shaft 7.
Specifically, the independent side exhaust flue 6 of the key side exhaust mechanism can be arranged on the right side of the outer wall of the top of the tunnel model body (namely, on the right side of the outer wall of the top of the first sub-tunnel 26 and the second sub-tunnel 27), the number of the exhaust air shafts 7 can be 2, and the 2 exhaust air shafts 7 are respectively arranged at outlets at two ends of the independent side exhaust flue 6. The smoke exhaust fan 8 can be a frequency conversion axial flow smoke exhaust fan 8, the smoke exhaust fan 8 can be 2, the electric smoke exhaust valve 9 can be provided with a plurality of, and the electric smoke exhaust valves 9 are respectively arranged at the smoke exhaust ports arranged on the left side of the smoke exhaust channel at equal intervals. The electric smoke exhaust valve 9 can be automatically opened or closed under electric control, the size of the smoke exhaust port can be adjusted through the sliding adjusting plates, and the smoke exhaust port is covered by the two adjusting plates in a sliding mode.
For the fire source combustion simulation mechanism:
the fire source combustion simulation mechanism comprises a liquid fire source combustion simulation mechanism which is installed in the hollow part 28 so as to simulate the simulated combustion of the liquid fire source through the liquid fire source combustion simulation mechanism. The liquid fire source combustion simulation mechanism comprises an oil pan 10, wherein the oil pan 10 is arranged inside a tunnel, and the oil pan 10 is connected with a PC (personal computer) end 11. The fire source combustion simulation mechanism further comprises a gas fire source combustion simulation mechanism, the gas fire source combustion simulation mechanism comprises a porous burner 12, a fuel gas storage bottle 16, a gas supply pipeline 17, a gas flowmeter 13, a pressure gauge 14 and a switch control valve 15, the gas flowmeter 13, the pressure gauge 14 and the switch control valve are mounted on the gas supply pipeline 17, the porous burner 12 is mounted on the shell in multiple sections, and the porous burner 12 is located in the hollow part 28; a fuel gas cylinder 16 is arranged on the shell, the fuel gas cylinder 16 is positioned outside the hollow part 28, and the fuel gas cylinder 16 is communicated with the porous burner 12 through a gas supply pipeline 17; the gas flow meter 13 is located between the fuel cylinder 16 and the porous burner 12, and the pressure gauge 14 is located between the gas flow meter 13 and the on-off control valve 15.
Specifically, the oil pan 10 and the PC end 11 of the liquid fire source combustion simulation mechanism in the fire source combustion simulation mechanism are connected with each other, so that the quality of the liquid fuel can be measured and recorded in real time. If the oil pan 10 can be positioned in the hollow part 28, the conducting wire at the bottom of the oil pan 10 is connected with the PC end 11, the PC end 11 can be adopted to observe and record the data change condition of various parameters of the liquid fire source in real time, and then the simulated combustion under the conditions of different fire source power can be realized by replacing the oil pan 10 and the liquid fuel with different sizes. The porous burner 12 of the gas fire source combustion simulation mechanism in the fire source combustion simulation mechanism is arranged in the hollow part 28, and the gas flowmeter 13, the pressure gauge 14, the switch control valve 15, the fuel gas storage bottle 16 and the gas supply pipeline 17 of the gas fire source combustion simulation mechanism are all arranged outside the hollow part 28. The gas flow meter 13 is connected with the porous burner 12, the switch control valve 15 is connected with the gas flow meter 13 through the pressure gauge 14, and the switch of the fuel gas storage cylinder 16 is connected with the control valve. The porous burner 12 is supplied with gas through the fuel gas storage cylinder 16, so that the porous burner 12 can continuously burn, and a fire scene is better simulated. The porous burner 12 is opened and closed through the switch control valve 15, the pressure and the gas flow inside the gas supply pipeline 17 are monitored through the pressure gauge 14 and the gas flowmeter 13, so that the simulated combustion under different fire source power conditions is simulated, and the device is safe and reliable. After the porous burner 12 is connected with the PC end 11, the PC end 11 can be used to record data change of various parameters of the gas fire source.
For the measurement recording mechanism:
the measuring and recording mechanism comprises a wind speed measuring and recording part, a smoke temperature measuring and recording part and a smoke component concentration analyzing part. The wind speed measuring and recording component is used for collecting the gas flow speed (namely the flow speed of the smoke) in the hollow part 28; the wind speed measuring and recording component comprises a movable wind speed probe tree 18 and a wind speed collector 19, the movable wind speed probe tree 18 is arranged on the shell in multiple sections, and the movable wind speed probe tree 18 is positioned in the hollow part 28; the wind speed acquisition instrument 19 is arranged on the shell in multiple sections, the wind speed acquisition instrument 19 is positioned outside the hollow part 28, and the wind speed acquisition instrument 19 is connected with the movable wind speed probe tree 18. The flue gas temperature measuring and recording component is used for acquiring the gas temperature (namely the temperature of the flue gas) in the hollow part 28, and comprises a movable thermocouple tree 20, a thermocouple linear array 21 and a temperature acquisition instrument 22, wherein the movable thermocouple tree 20 is arranged on the plurality of sections of the shell, and the movable thermocouple tree 20 is positioned in the hollow part 28; thermocouple linear arrays 21 are arranged on the shell, and are positioned in the hollow part 28; the temperature acquisition instrument 22 is installed on the multiple sections of the shell, the temperature acquisition instrument 22 is located outside the hollow part 28, and the temperature acquisition instrument 22 is respectively connected with the movable thermocouple tree 20 and the thermocouple linear array 21. The flue gas component concentration analyzing component is used for acquiring gas components (namely components contained in flue gas) in the hollow part 28, and comprises a movable flue gas acquisition rod and a flue gas analyzer, wherein the movable flue gas acquisition rod is arranged on the plurality of sections of the shell and is positioned in the hollow part 28; the flue gas analyzer is arranged on the shell in multiple sections, the flue gas analyzer is positioned outside the hollow part 28, and the flue gas analyzer is connected with the movable flue gas collecting rod. The measuring and recording mechanism further comprises a PC end 11 (namely a computer), and the PC end 11 is respectively connected with the liquid fire source combustion simulation mechanism, the wind speed measuring and recording component, the smoke temperature measuring and recording component and the smoke component concentration analysis component. The measuring and recording mechanism further comprises a video recording component, the video recording component comprises a bracket 24, a video recorder 23 and a laser emitter 25, and the bracket 24 is positioned outside the hollow part 28; the video recorder 23 is mounted on the bracket 24; a laser transmitter 25 is mounted at the lens of the video recorder 23.
Specifically, in the measurement and recording mechanism, the movable wind speed probe tree 18 of the wind speed measurement and recording component is installed in the hollow part 28, the wind speed collector 19 of the wind speed measurement and recording component is installed outside the hollow part 28, the movable wind speed probe tree 18 is connected with the wind speed collector 19 through a lead, the wind speed collector 19 is connected with the PC end 11, the movable wind speed probe tree 18 can be in a net shape, and the change of the flow speed of the flue gas in the hollow part 28 in real time is measured and recorded through the movable wind speed probe tree 18. The movable thermocouple tree 20 and the thermocouple linear array 21 of the smoke temperature measuring and recording component in the measuring and recording mechanism are installed in the hollow part 28, the temperature acquisition instrument 22 of the smoke temperature measuring and recording component is installed outside the hollow part 28, after the temperature acquisition instrument 22 is respectively connected with the movable thermocouple tree 20 and the thermocouple linear array 21, the temperature acquisition instrument 22 is connected with the PC end 11, namely the movable thermocouple tree 20 and the thermocouple linear array 21 are connected with the input end of the PC end 11 through the temperature acquisition instrument 22, the thermocouple linear arrays 21 are longitudinally distributed along the top plate of the tunnel model and the lower side of the flue plate, the temperature acquisition instrument 22 is a 7018 temperature acquisition module in model, and the temperature acquisition instrument 22 can realize real-time measurement and recording of the vertical smoke temperature in the hollow part 28 and the smoke temperature along the top plate of the tunnel model and the lower side of the flue plate. The vertical spacing of thermocouples in the movable thermocouple tree 20 may be set to be generally not more than 10cm, and a plurality of movable thermocouple trees 20 may be placed in the hollow portion 28. The distance between the thermocouple linear arrays 21 longitudinally distributed on the lower sides of the top plate and the flue plate in the tunnel model main body and the ceiling can be 5cm, and the distance between two adjacent thermocouples in the thermocouple linear arrays 21 is not more than 25 cm. The support 24 of the video recording part in the measuring and recording mechanism is arranged outside the hollow part 28, if the support 24 is arranged on the ground outside the hollow part 28, the video recorder 23 is arranged on the support 24, the laser emitter 25 can be arranged below the lens of the video recorder 23 (namely, at the lens), and the laser emitter 25 can emit sheet laser to the inside of the tunnel model body so as to clearly display the flow field characteristics of smoke movement in the ventilation and smoke exhaust process.
The invention provides a fire experiment platform for an underwater V-shaped slope tunnel, wherein a hollow part 28 is formed by surrounding a plurality of sections of shells in a tunnel model main body, the hollow part 28 is V-shaped, a lifting component 2 is arranged on the plurality of sections of shells, and the lifting component 2 is positioned outside the hollow part 28. A longitudinal ventilation means is mounted to the housing in a plurality of sections, the longitudinal ventilation means and the hollow portion 28 communicating with each other for exhausting gas into the hollow portion 28 through the longitudinal ventilation means. The side-emphasis smoke exhausting means is attached to the housing in a plurality of stages, and the side-emphasis smoke exhausting means and the hollow portion 28 communicate with each other to exhaust the gas in the hollow portion 28 through the side-emphasis smoke exhausting means. The liquid fire source combustion simulation mechanism in the fire source combustion simulation mechanism is installed in the hollow part 28, so that the liquid fire source combustion simulation mechanism simulates the simulated combustion of the liquid fire source. The wind speed measuring and recording component in the measuring and recording mechanism is used for collecting the gas flow speed in the hollow part 28, the smoke temperature measuring and recording component is used for collecting the gas temperature in the hollow part 28, and the smoke component concentration analyzing component is used for collecting the gas components in the hollow part 28. The lifting unit 2 thus adjusts the difference in height between the sections of casing so that the slope of the hollow section 28, which is V-shaped, is adjusted to allow for the study of the change in slope in the slope tunnel and the effect of slope tunnel length on fire smoke laws. The longitudinal ventilation mechanism discharges gas into the hollow part 28, so as to realize the research on the influence of the smoke flow characteristic parameters in the side key smoke discharge mode, and the fire smoke spreading rule and the distribution condition of the flow parameters of the slope tunnel in the non-longitudinal ventilation smoke discharge mode, the longitudinal ventilation mode and the side key smoke discharge mode can be researched. The device is further suitable for the smoke spreading characteristic in the V-shaped slope tunnel of the underwater tunnel, can realize simulation research on the fire of the underwater V-shaped slope tunnel in a side key smoke exhaust mode, and is simple to operate, safe, reliable, good in repeatability and obvious in effect. Therefore, the technical effects of realizing simulation research on the fire of the underwater V-shaped slope tunnel in the side key smoke exhaust mode, along with simple operation, safety, reliability, good repeatability and obvious effect are achieved.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A fire experiment platform for an underwater V-shaped slope tunnel is characterized by comprising: the tunnel model comprises a tunnel model main body, a lifting part, a longitudinal ventilation mechanism, a side key smoke exhaust mechanism, a fire source combustion simulation mechanism and a measurement recording mechanism, wherein the tunnel model main body comprises a plurality of sections of shells and a hollow part, the plurality of sections of shells surround to form the hollow part, and the hollow part is V-shaped; the lifting component is arranged on the multi-section shell and is positioned outside the hollow part; the longitudinal ventilation mechanism is arranged on the shell in multiple sections and is communicated with the hollow part so as to discharge gas into the hollow part through the longitudinal ventilation mechanism; the side key smoke exhausting mechanism is arranged on the shell in multiple sections and communicated with the hollow part so as to exhaust gas in the hollow part through the side key smoke exhausting mechanism; the fire source combustion simulation mechanism comprises: the liquid fire source combustion simulation mechanism is arranged in the hollow part so as to simulate the simulated combustion of the liquid fire source through the liquid fire source combustion simulation mechanism; the measurement recording mechanism includes: the wind speed measuring and recording component is used for acquiring the gas flow speed in the hollow part; the smoke temperature measuring and recording component is used for collecting the gas temperature in the hollow part; the flue gas component concentration analysis component is used for collecting gas components in the hollow part.
2. The fire experiment platform for the underwater V-shaped sloping tunnel according to claim 1, wherein:
the multi-section shell comprises a telescopic flame-retardant sleeve, a first sub-tunnel and a second sub-tunnel, the second sub-tunnel is connected with the telescopic flame-retardant sleeve, and the telescopic flame-retardant sleeve is connected with the first sub-tunnel;
the lifting component comprises a first hydraulic lifting column and a second hydraulic lifting column, and the first hydraulic lifting column is installed on the first sub-tunnel; the second hydraulic lifting column is installed on the second sub-tunnel.
3. The fire experiment platform for the underwater V-shaped sloping tunnel according to claim 1, wherein:
the longitudinal ventilation mechanism comprises a rectifying pipe section, a variable-frequency axial flow fan and a reducing pipe, wherein the rectifying pipe section is arranged on the multiple sections of the shell, and the rectifying pipe section is communicated with the hollow part; the variable-frequency axial flow fan is connected with the rectifying pipe section through a reducing pipe, and the reducing pipe is communicated with the rectifying pipe section so as to drive air to be discharged into the hollow part through the variable-frequency axial flow fan.
4. The fire experiment platform for the underwater V-shaped sloping tunnel according to claim 1, wherein:
the side-part key smoke exhaust mechanism comprises a side-part independent smoke exhaust channel, a smoke exhaust air shaft and a smoke exhaust fan, the side-part independent smoke exhaust channel is arranged on the plurality of sections of the shell, and the side-part independent smoke exhaust channel is communicated with the hollow part; the smoke exhaust air shaft is communicated with the independent side smoke exhaust channel and is arranged at the end part of the independent side smoke exhaust channel; the smoke exhaust fan is arranged in the smoke exhaust air well.
5. The fire experiment platform for the underwater V-shaped sloping tunnel according to claim 1, wherein:
the fire source combustion simulation mechanism further comprises: the gas fire source combustion simulation mechanism comprises a porous burner, a fuel gas storage bottle, a gas supply pipeline, a gas flowmeter, a pressure gauge and a switch control valve, wherein the gas flowmeter, the pressure gauge and the switch control valve are arranged on the gas supply pipeline; the fuel gas storage cylinder is arranged on the shell in multiple sections, is positioned outside the hollow part and is communicated with the porous burner through a gas supply pipeline; the gas flowmeter is positioned between the fuel gas storage cylinder and the porous burner, and the pressure gauge is positioned between the gas flowmeter and the switch control valve.
6. The fire experiment platform for the underwater V-shaped slope tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the wind speed measuring and recording component comprises a movable wind speed probe tree and a wind speed acquisition instrument, the movable wind speed probe tree is arranged on the multiple sections of the shell, and the movable wind speed probe tree is positioned in the hollow part; the wind speed acquisition instrument is arranged on the plurality of sections of the shell, the wind speed acquisition instrument is positioned outside the hollow part, and the wind speed acquisition instrument is connected with the movable wind speed probe tree.
7. The fire experiment platform for the underwater V-shaped sloping tunnel according to claim 1, wherein:
the smoke temperature measuring and recording component comprises a movable thermocouple tree, a thermocouple linear array and a temperature acquisition instrument, the movable thermocouple tree is arranged on the plurality of sections of the shell, and the movable thermocouple tree is positioned in the hollow part; the thermocouple linear arrays are arranged on the shell in multiple sections and are positioned in the hollow parts; the temperature acquisition instrument is arranged on the plurality of sections of the shell, is positioned outside the hollow part and is respectively connected with the movable thermocouple tree and the thermocouple linear array.
8. The fire experiment platform for the underwater V-shaped sloping tunnel according to claim 1, wherein:
the smoke component concentration analysis component comprises a movable smoke collection rod and a smoke analyzer, the movable smoke collection rod is arranged on the multiple sections of the shell, and the movable smoke collection rod is positioned in the hollow part; the smoke analyzer is arranged on the shell in multiple sections, the smoke analyzer is positioned outside the hollow part, and the smoke analyzer is connected with the movable smoke collecting rod.
9. The fire experiment platform for the underwater V-shaped sloping tunnel according to claim 1, wherein:
the measurement recording mechanism further includes: and the PC end is respectively connected with the liquid fire source combustion simulation mechanism, the wind speed measurement and recording component, the flue gas temperature measurement and recording component and the flue gas component concentration analysis component.
10. The fire experiment platform for the underwater V-shaped sloping tunnel according to claim 1, wherein:
the measurement recording mechanism further includes: the video recording component comprises a support, a video recorder and a laser emitter, and the support is positioned outside the hollow part; the video recorder is arranged on the bracket; the laser transmitter is installed at the lens of the video recorder.
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