CN114437469A - PVC cable material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
PVC cable material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114437469A CN114437469A CN202011232470.2A CN202011232470A CN114437469A CN 114437469 A CN114437469 A CN 114437469A CN 202011232470 A CN202011232470 A CN 202011232470A CN 114437469 A CN114437469 A CN 114437469A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/443—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from vinylhalogenides or other halogenoethylenic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
- C08K2003/387—Borates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
Abstract
The invention discloses a PVC cable material which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of PVC resin; 20-35 parts of a filler; 18-34 parts of oil-resistant rubber; 33-50 parts of a plasticizer A; 5-12.3 parts of a heat stabilizer; 0.5-1.1 parts of antioxidant; 1.5-4.1 parts of a lubricant; 30-57 parts of a flame retardant; 1.3-3.5 parts of a coloring agent; 1.3-3.4 parts of graphene slurry. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the PVC cable material. The VC cable material disclosed by the invention has good oil resistance, acid resistance, corrosion resistance, weather resistance, flame retardance and the like, and can meet the application requirements of the oil resistance, the acid resistance, the corrosion resistance, the weather resistance, the flame retardance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cables, and particularly relates to a PVC cable material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, cables with different properties and special purposes need to be used in different special environments according to special environment application and use requirements of wire and cable products, and the requirements on the properties of the cables, such as oil resistance, acid and alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, weather resistance and the like, are different, so that new requirements on the comprehensive properties of cable materials are provided.
However, most cables on the market can only meet one or two performance requirements, cannot simultaneously meet multiple performance requirements, and are difficult to meet application requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a PVC cable material and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects in the prior art, and the PVC cable material has good oil resistance, acid resistance, corrosion resistance, weather resistance, flame retardance and other properties, and can meet the application requirements of the oil resistance, the acid resistance, the corrosion resistance, the weather resistance, the flame retardance and other properties.
According to one aspect of the invention, a PVC cable material is provided, which has the following technical scheme:
a PVC cable material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
preferably, the graphene slurry comprises a plasticizer B and graphene, wherein the weight ratio of the plasticizer B to the graphene is (5-8): 4.
Preferably, the colorant is polyethylene carbon black master batch, which comprises polyethylene and carbon black, wherein the weight ratio of the carbon black to the polyethylene is 1: (1-3).
Preferably, the filler is any one of light calcium carbonate and heavy calcium carbonate or a combination thereof.
Preferably, the oil-resistant rubber is one or two of P8300 powdered nitrile rubber and CPE135B chlorinated polyethylene.
Preferably, the plasticizer A is the combination of any one of dioctyl sebacate, dioctyl phthalate, dioctyl terephthalate and diisononyl phthalate and epoxidized soybean oil.
Preferably, the heat stabilizer is calcium zinc stabilizer, stearic acid, and any one of zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, and barium stearate in combination.
Preferably, the antioxidant is any one of 4, 4' -diphenylisopropyl diphenylamine, phosphite and bisphenol A.
Preferably, the lubricant is a combination of EBS ethylene bis stearamide and any one of P52 chlorinated paraffin, polyethylene wax and calcium stearate.
Preferably, the flame retardant is a combination of DGM-08 composite flame retardant, zinc borate and antimony trioxide.
According to another aspect of the invention, a preparation method of a PVC cable material is provided, which comprises the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a PVC cable material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing materials: weighing raw materials according to the weight parts of the raw material components in the PVC cable material, and dividing the raw materials into a main material ingredient, a graphene slurry ingredient, an oil material ingredient, a small material ingredient and a colorant ingredient, wherein the main material ingredient comprises PVC resin, a filler and oil-resistant rubber, the graphene slurry ingredient comprises graphene and a plasticizer B, the oil material ingredient comprises a plasticizer A, the small material ingredient comprises a heat stabilizer, an antioxidant, a lubricant and a flame retardant, and the colorant ingredient comprises ethylene carbon black master batch;
s2 mixing: firstly, sequentially adding a main material ingredient, a graphene slurry ingredient, an oil ingredient, a small material ingredient and a coloring agent ingredient into a hot mixer for high-speed hot mixing to obtain a hot mixed material, and then introducing the hot mixed material into a cold mixer for stirring until the hot mixed material is cooled to obtain a cold mixed material;
s3 plastication: adding the cold mixed material into a double-screw machine for heating, plasticizing and mixing to obtain a plasticized material;
s4 granulation: and adding the plasticized material into a single-screw extruder for extrusion granulation to obtain the PVC cable material. The prepared PVC cable material can be directly used as a raw material for manufacturing cables.
Preferably, in the step of mixing the materials in S2, the method includes preparing the graphene slurry into the graphene slurry by mixing the graphene slurry, and includes the following steps:
and (4) mixing the plasticizer B and the graphene in the graphene slurry ingredient weighed in the step (S1), and stirring for 30-60 min to obtain the graphene slurry.
Preferably, in the step of mixing in S2, the method includes preparing the oil ingredient into oil, and includes the following steps:
and (4) mixing the raw materials of the plasticizer A weighed in the step (S1) at 40-60 ℃, and stirring for 20-90 min to obtain the oil material.
Preferably, in the high-speed hot mixing process, the rotating speed is 740-1470 rpm, the hot mixing temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the hot mixing time is 8-15 min;
in the cold mixing process, the cold mixing temperature is 40-60 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature in the plastication process is 100-160 ℃;
the extrusion temperature in the granulation process is 120-190 ℃.
The PVC cable material and the preparation method thereof can effectively improve the mechanical strength, oil resistance, acid resistance, corrosion resistance, weather resistance and other properties of the PVC cable material, so that the PVC cable material has good oil resistance, acid resistance, flame retardance, weather resistance, corrosion resistance and other properties, the prepared PVC cable material can completely meet the use requirements of wire and cable products in special environments when used for manufacturing cables, and the PVC cable material has simple process flow and is easy to produce and process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a PVC cable material in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the present invention will be further clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a PVC cable material which comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:
in this example, the weight parts raw material component formulation of four specific preparation examples is shown in table 1 in example 2.
In some embodiments, the graphene paste includes a plasticizer B and graphene, wherein the weight ratio of the plasticizer B to the graphene is (5-8): 4, and the plasticizer B may be any one or more of dioctyl sebacate (DOS), dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP), diisononyl phthalate (DINP), and epoxidized soybean oil, so as to uniformly disperse the graphene, and the graphene is preferably graphene oxide. In this embodiment, the weight ratio of the plasticizer B to the graphene in the graphene slurry is preferably 6: 4.
In some embodiments, the colorant may be a polyethylene carbon black masterbatch comprising polyethylene and carbon black, wherein the weight ratio of carbon black to polyethylene is 1: (1-3). In this embodiment, the weight ratio of the carbon black to the polyethylene in the polyethylene black masterbatch is preferably 1: 2.
in some embodiments, the bulking agent is any one of light calcium, heavy calcium, or a combination thereof. In this embodiment, the filler is preferably light calcium carbonate.
In some embodiments, the oil resistant rubber may be one or a combination of two of P8300 powdered nitrile rubber, CPE135B chlorinated polyethylene. In this embodiment, the oil-resistant rubber is preferably a combination of P8300 powdered nitrile rubber and CPE135B chlorinated polyethylene, and the weight ratio of the two is 11: (2-3), preferably 4: 1.
In some embodiments, plasticizer a may be a combination of any one of dioctyl sebacate (DOS), dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP), and diisononyl phthalate (DINP) with epoxidized soybean oil. In the embodiment, the plasticizer A is preferably a combination of DINP diisononyl phthalate and epoxidized soybean oil, and the weight ratio of the DINP diisononyl phthalate to the epoxidized soybean oil is (7-8): 1, preferably 7.15: 1.
In some embodiments, the thermal stabilizer is a calcium zinc stabilizer, stearic acid, in combination with any one of zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, barium stearate. In this embodiment, the heat stabilizer is preferably a combination of a calcium zinc stabilizer, stearic acid, and barium stearate, and the weight ratio of the three components is (15-17): 1:3, preferably 16.5:1: 3.
In some embodiments, the antioxidant is any one of 4, 4' -diphenylisopropyl diphenylamine, phosphite, bisphenol a. In this embodiment, the antioxidant is preferably 4, 4' -diphenylisopropyl diphenylamine.
In some embodiments, the lubricant is a combination of EBS ethylene bis stearamide with any one of P52 chlorinated paraffin, polyethylene wax, calcium stearate. In this embodiment, the lubricant is preferably a combination of EBS ethylene bis stearamide and P52 chlorinated paraffin, and the weight ratio of the two is 1: (4-5), preferably 3: 14.
In some embodiments, the flame retardant is one or a combination of DGM-08 composite flame retardant, zinc borate and antimony trioxide. In this embodiment, the lubricant is preferably a combination of DGM-08 composite flame retardant, zinc borate, and antimony trioxide, and the weight ratio of the three is 15: (4-4): (4-5), preferably 15:3.9: 4.4.
the PVC cable material of this embodiment has added raw materials such as graphite alkene, nitrile rubber and chlorinated polyethylene, can effectively improve the mechanical strength, oil resistance, acidproof, corrosion-resistant and weatherability etc. of PVC cable material, has good resistant oil, acidproof, fire-retardant, resistant weather, corrosion-resistant etc. performance, can satisfy the application demand of different special environment.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment also provides a preparation method of a PVC cable material, including:
s1, preparing materials: the raw materials are weighed according to the weight parts of the raw material components of the PVC cable material in the embodiment 1, and are divided into main material ingredients, graphene slurry ingredients, oil ingredients, small material ingredients and colorant ingredients.
Specifically, the required PVC resin, filler, oil-resistant rubber, plasticizer A, heat stabilizer, antioxidant, lubricant, flame retardant, polyethylene carbon black masterbatch, graphene and plasticizer B can be accurately weighed according to the usage amount of each vehicle (namely once production) in actual production, wherein raw materials with large usage amounts such as the PVC resin, the filler and the oil-resistant rubber are used as main material ingredients, the plasticizer A is used as an oil ingredient, raw materials with small usage amounts such as the heat stabilizer, the antioxidant, the lubricant and the flame retardant are used as small material ingredients, the graphene and the plasticizer B are used as graphene slurry ingredients, and the polyethylene carbon black masterbatch is used as a colorant ingredient.
S2 mixing: the method comprises the steps of sequentially adding a main material ingredient, a graphene slurry ingredient, an oil ingredient, a small material ingredient and a coloring agent into a hot mixer for high-speed hot mixing to obtain a hot mixed material, and then introducing the hot mixed material into a cold mixer for stirring until cooling to obtain a cold mixed material.
In some embodiments, in the step S2 mixing, the graphene slurry is prepared into a graphene slurry by first compounding the graphene slurry, which includes the following steps:
adding the plasticizer B and the graphene weighed in the step S1 and described in the embodiment 1 into a stirrer, mixing, and stirring for 30-60 min to uniformly mix the graphene and the plasticizer B, and fully dispersing the graphene in the plasticizer B to obtain the graphene slurry.
In some embodiments, the blending in step S2 includes first formulating the oil blend into an oil, which includes the following steps:
and (3) adding the raw materials of the plasticizer A weighed in the step S1 and described in the embodiment 1 into an oil storage tank, mixing at 40-60 ℃, and stirring for 20-90 min to uniformly mix the plasticizers A to obtain the oil material.
It should be noted that, the graphene slurry and the oil may also be weighed and prepared according to the production batch, that is, the graphene ingredient and the oil ingredient required by one production batch are weighed and prepared at one time, and then the prepared graphene slurry and the prepared oil are respectively weighed according to the usage amount of each production vehicle and added into a thermal mixer for high-speed thermal mixing and subsequent steps.
In some embodiments, the rotation speed of the high-speed hot mixing process is 740-1470 rpm, the hot mixing time is 8-15 min, under the high-speed mixing condition, high-frequency friction occurs between the materials to rapidly raise the temperature, so that on one hand, moisture in the materials can be gasified and discharged, on the other hand, the materials can be mixed more uniformly, and the hot mixing temperature is controlled to be 100-120 ℃ to ensure that the PVC resin fully absorbs the plasticizer A; the temperature of the cold mixing process is 40-60 ℃ to prevent the hot mixed material from caking.
S3 plastication: and adding the cold mixture into a double-screw machine for heating, plasticizing and mixing to obtain the plasticized material.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the plastication process is 100-160 ℃ to ensure that all raw materials in the formulation are fully plasticized and uniformly mixed.
S4 granulation: and adding the plasticized material into a single-screw machine for extrusion granulation to obtain a PVC cable material, cooling and separating (namely cooling hot cable material particles generated by granulation to reduce and separate the viscosity among the cable material particles), packaging and warehousing to obtain the PVC cable material product.
In some embodiments, the extrusion temperature of the granulation process is 120 to 190 ℃.
The present invention will be further illustrated below by means of several sets of preparation examples (i.e., preparation examples 1 to 4), but the present invention is not limited to these preparation examples.
The production formulas of preparation examples 1 to 4 are shown in table 1, wherein the raw materials and the weight parts of the components in preparation examples 1 to 4 are as follows:
table 1 raw material formulation
Preparation example 1
The filler is light calcium;
the oil-resistant rubber is a combination of P8300 powdered nitrile rubber and CPE135B chlorinated polyethylene, and the weight ratio of the two is 4: 1;
the plasticizer A is a combination of diisononyl phthalate (DINP) and epoxidized soybean oil, and the weight part ratio of the diisononyl phthalate (DINP) to the epoxidized soybean oil is 7.15: 1;
the heat stabilizer is a combination of calcium zinc stabilizer (solid), stearic acid and zinc stearate, and the weight ratio of the calcium zinc stabilizer to the stearic acid to the zinc stearate is 33:2: 6;
the antioxidant is 4, 4' -diphenyl isopropyl diphenylamine;
the lubricant is a combination of EBS ethylene bis stearamide and P52 chlorinated paraffin, and the weight part ratio of the EBS ethylene bis stearamide to the P52 chlorinated paraffin is 3: 14;
the flame retardant is a combination of DGM-08 composite flame retardant, zinc borate and antimony trioxide, and the weight ratio of the DGM-08 composite flame retardant to the zinc borate to the antimony trioxide is 15:3.9: 4.4;
the coloring agent is polyethylene carbon black master batch, wherein the weight ratio of the carbon black to the polyethylene is 1: 2;
the graphene slurry is a combination of diisononyl phthalate (plasticizer B) and graphene oxide, and the weight part ratio of the diisononyl phthalate to the graphene oxide is 6: 4.
Preparation example 2
The filler is heavy calcium carbonate;
the oil-resistant rubber is a combination of P8300 powdered nitrile rubber and CPE135B chlorinated polyethylene, and the weight ratio of the two is 4: 1;
the plasticizer A can be a combination of dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP) and epoxidized soybean oil, and the weight part ratio of the dioctyl terephthalate to the epoxidized soybean oil is 7.15: 1;
the heat stabilizer is a combination of a calcium zinc stabilizer (solid), stearic acid and barium stearate, and the weight ratio of the calcium zinc stabilizer to the stearic acid to the barium stearate is 33:2: 6;
the antioxidant is bisphenol A;
the lubricant is a combination of EBS ethylene bis stearamide and polyethylene wax, and the weight part ratio of the EBS ethylene bis stearamide to the polyethylene wax is 3: 14;
the flame retardant is a combination of DGM-08 composite flame retardant, zinc borate and antimony trioxide, and the weight ratio of the DGM-08 composite flame retardant to the zinc borate to the antimony trioxide is 15:3.9: 4.4; the coloring agent is polyethylene carbon black master batch, wherein the weight ratio of the carbon black to the polyethylene is 1: 2;
the graphene slurry is a combination of diisononyl phthalate (plasticizer B) and graphene oxide, and the weight part ratio of the diisononyl phthalate to the graphene oxide is 6: 4.
Preparation example 3
The filler is light calcium;
the oil-resistant rubber is a combination of P8300 powdered nitrile rubber and CPE135B chlorinated polyethylene, and the weight ratio of the two is 4: 1;
the plasticizer A can be a combination of dioctyl sebacate (DOS) and epoxidized soybean oil, and the weight part ratio of the dioctyl sebacate to the epoxidized soybean oil is 7.15: 1;
the heat stabilizer is a combination of a calcium zinc stabilizer (solid), stearic acid and magnesium stearate, and the weight ratio of the calcium zinc stabilizer to the stearic acid to the magnesium stearate is 33:2: 6;
the antioxidant is phosphite ester;
the lubricant is a combination of EBS ethylene bis stearamide and polyethylene wax, and the weight part ratio of the EBS ethylene bis stearamide to the polyethylene wax is 3: 14;
the flame retardant is a combination of DGM-08 composite flame retardant, zinc borate and antimony trioxide, and the weight ratio of the DGM-08 composite flame retardant to the zinc borate to the antimony trioxide is 15:3.9: 4.4;
the coloring agent is polyethylene carbon black master batch, wherein the weight ratio of the carbon black to the polyethylene is 1: 2;
the graphene slurry is a combination of diisononyl phthalate (plasticizer B) and graphene oxide, and the weight part ratio of the diisononyl phthalate to the graphene oxide is 6: 4.
Example 4:
the filler is coarse whiting;
the oil-resistant rubber is a combination of P8300 powdered nitrile rubber and CPE135B chlorinated polyethylene according to a certain proportion;
the plasticizer A can be a combination of dioctyl sebacate terephthalate (DOTP) and epoxidized soybean oil, and the weight part ratio of the dioctyl sebacate to the epoxidized soybean oil is 7.15: 1;
the heat stabilizer is a combination of a calcium zinc stabilizer (solid), stearic acid and magnesium stearate, and the weight ratio of the calcium zinc stabilizer to the stearic acid to the magnesium stearate is 33:2: 6;
the antioxidant is 4, 4' -diphenyl isopropyl diphenylamine;
the lubricant is a combination of EBS ethylene bis stearamide and calcium stearate, and the weight part ratio of the EBS ethylene bis stearamide to the calcium stearate is 3: 14;
the flame retardant is a combination of DGM-08 composite flame retardant, zinc borate and antimony trioxide, and the weight ratio of the DGM-08 composite flame retardant to the zinc borate to the antimony trioxide is 15:3.9: 4.4;
the coloring agent is polyethylene carbon black master batch, wherein the weight ratio of the carbon black to the polyethylene is 1: 2;
the graphene slurry is a combination of diisononyl phthalate (plasticizer B) and graphene oxide, and the weight part ratio of the diisononyl phthalate to the graphene oxide is 6: 4.
Preparation examples 1 to 4 are all produced by the preparation method of the PVC cable material, and the specific steps are the same as those of the preparation method:
s1, preparing materials: and respectively and accurately weighing the required PVC resin, filler, oil-resistant rubber, plasticizer A, heat stabilizer, antioxidant, lubricant, flame retardant, coloring agent, diisononyl phthalate (namely plasticizer B) and graphene oxide according to the weight parts.
S2 mixing: adding the diisononyl phthalate and the graphene oxide weighed in the step S1 into a stirrer, mixing, and stirring for 50min to fully disperse the graphene oxide in the diisononyl phthalate to obtain graphene slurry; meanwhile, the plasticizer A weighed in the step S1 is added into an oil storage tank, mixed at the temperature of 60 ℃, and stirred for 30min, so that various plasticizers A are uniformly mixed to obtain the oil material; and sequentially adding the main material ingredients, the graphene slurry, the oil material, the small material ingredients and the colorant into a hot mixer for high-speed hot mixing at the rotation speed of 1000rpm, strictly controlling the hot mixing temperature to be 115 ℃ and the hot mixing time to be 12min to obtain a hot mixed material, then introducing the hot mixed material into a cold mixer for stirring until the hot mixed material is cooled, and controlling the cold mixing temperature to be 45 ℃ to obtain a cold mixed material.
S3 plastication: and adding the cold mixture into a double-screw machine for heating, plasticizing and mixing, and controlling the temperature in the plastication process to be 100-160 ℃ to obtain the plasticized material.
S4 granulation: and adding the plasticized material into a single-screw extruder, extruding and granulating at 120-190 ℃ to obtain a PVC cable material, cooling, separating, packaging and warehousing to obtain a PVC cable material product.
Taking the PVC cable material products prepared in preparation examples 1 to 4, carrying out mechanical strength detection on the PVC cable material products, wherein the mechanical strength of each sample is 10-20% higher than that of a common cable material, and carrying out oil resistance, acid resistance, weather resistance and other tests on each sample under the same conditions to detect the oil resistance, acid resistance, weather resistance and other properties of each sample, wherein the test is as follows:
(1) oil resistance
Taking PVC cable material samples prepared in preparation examples 1 to 4 respectively, keeping the same shape and size as much as possible, soaking the samples in mineral oil respectively under the same conditions, wherein the temperature is 100 ℃, the soaking time is 24 hours, and then respectively detecting the physical and mechanical properties of the samples, wherein the specific detection results are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 oil resistance test results
As shown in Table 2, the PVC cable materials prepared in preparation examples 1 to 4 all have the tensile strength change rate within +/-20% specified by the standard requirement, and the maximum change rate of the elongation at break is within +/-20% specified by the standard requirement, that is, the PVC cable materials prepared by the method have good oil resistance.
(2) Acid resistance and corrosion resistance
Taking the PVC cable material samples prepared in preparation examples 1 to 4 respectively, keeping the same shape and size as much as possible, putting the samples into 10% hydrochloric acid solution respectively under the same conditions, wherein the temperature is 70 ℃, the soaking time is 24h, and then detecting the physical and mechanical properties of the samples respectively, wherein the specific detection results are shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3 acid and corrosion resistance test results
As shown in Table 3, the PVC cable materials prepared in preparation examples 1 to 4 all have tensile strength more than or equal to 16 which is required by the standard, the change rate of the tensile strength is within +/-20% specified by the standard, the elongation at break is more than or equal to 180 which is required by the standard, the maximum change rate of the elongation at break is within +/-20% specified by the standard, and the appearance surface of each sample is not changed visually, namely, the PVC cable materials prepared by the method have good acid resistance and corrosion resistance.
(3) Weather resistance
Taking PVC cable material samples prepared in preparation examples 1 to 4 respectively, keeping the same shape and size of each sample as much as possible, putting the samples into the same atmosphere and light conditions respectively for aging test, aging for 42 days, and then detecting the physical and mechanical properties of each sample respectively, wherein the specific detection results are shown in Table 4:
TABLE 4 weather resistance test results
As shown in Table 4, after the PVC cable materials prepared in preparation examples 1 to 4 are subjected to aging tests, the tensile strength change rate is within +/-20% specified by the standard requirement, and the maximum change rate of the elongation at break is within +/-20% specified by the standard requirement, that is, the PVC cable materials prepared by the method have good oil resistance.
(4) Flame retardancy
The oxygen indexes of the PVC cable materials prepared in the preparation examples 1 to 4 are detected, and the oxygen indexes of the samples are all larger than 34 and far higher than the oxygen index (30) of a common flame-retardant cable, namely, the PVC cable materials prepared by the method have good flame-retardant property.
The preparation method of the PVC cable material can prepare the PVC cable material with good oil resistance, acid resistance, corrosion resistance, weather resistance, flame retardance and other properties, and the prepared PVC cable material can completely meet the use requirements of wire and cable products in special environments when used for manufacturing cables, and is simple in process flow and easy to produce and process.
It should be understood that the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating preferred embodiments of the present invention and that the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (15)
1. The PVC cable material is characterized by comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight:
2. the PVC cable material according to claim 1, wherein the graphene slurry comprises plasticizer B and graphene, wherein the weight ratio of plasticizer B to graphene is (5-8): 4.
3. The PVC cable material according to claim 1, wherein the colorant is polyethylene carbon black masterbatch comprising polyethylene and carbon black, wherein the weight ratio of the carbon black to the polyethylene is 1: (1-3).
4. The PVC cable material according to claim 1, wherein the filler is any one of light calcium carbonate and heavy calcium carbonate or a combination thereof.
5. The PVC cable material according to claim 1, wherein the oil-resistant rubber is one or a combination of two of P8300 powdered nitrile rubber and CPE135B chlorinated polyethylene.
6. The PVC cable material according to claim 1, wherein the plasticizer a is a combination of any one of dioctyl sebacate, dioctyl phthalate, dioctyl terephthalate, diisononyl phthalate and epoxidized soybean oil.
7. The PVC cable material according to claim 1, wherein the heat stabilizer is a calcium zinc stabilizer, stearic acid, a combination with any one of zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, barium stearate.
8. The PVC cable material according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is any one of 4, 4' -diphenylisopropyl diphenylamine, phosphite, and bisphenol A.
9. The PVC cable material according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant is a combination of EBS ethylene bis stearamide and any one of P52 chlorinated paraffin, polyethylene wax, calcium stearate.
10. The PVC cable material according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant is a combination of DGM-08 composite flame retardant, zinc borate and antimony trioxide.
11. A preparation method of a PVC cable material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing materials: weighing the raw materials according to any one of claims 1 to 10, and dividing the raw materials into a main material ingredient, a graphene slurry ingredient, an oil ingredient, a small material ingredient and a colorant ingredient;
s2 mixing: firstly, sequentially adding a main material ingredient, a graphene slurry ingredient, an oil ingredient, a small material ingredient and a coloring agent ingredient into a hot mixer for high-speed hot mixing to obtain a hot mixed material, and then introducing the hot mixed material into a cold mixer for stirring until the hot mixed material is cooled to obtain a cold mixed material;
s3 plastication: adding the cold mixed material into a double-screw machine for heating, plasticizing and mixing to obtain a plasticized material;
s4 granulation: and adding the plasticized material into a single-screw extruder for extrusion granulation to obtain the PVC cable material.
12. The PVC cable material according to claim 11, wherein in the S2 mixing material, the graphene slurry is prepared by first compounding the graphene slurry into graphene slurry, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the plasticizer B and the graphene weighed in the step S1 and prepared in the claim 2, and stirring for 30-60 min to prepare the graphene slurry.
13. The PVC cable material of claim 11, wherein the S2 blending includes first formulating the oil formulation into an oil, which includes the steps of:
and (4) mixing the raw materials of the plasticizer A weighed in the step (S1) at 40-60 ℃, and stirring for 20-90 min to obtain the oil material.
14. The PVC cable material according to claim 11,
in the high-speed hot mixing process, the rotating speed is 740-1470 rpm, the hot mixing temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the hot mixing time is 8-15 min;
in the cold mixing process, the cold mixing temperature is 40-60 ℃.
15. The PVC cable material according to claim 11,
the temperature in the plastication process is 100-160 ℃;
the extrusion temperature in the granulation process is 120-190 ℃.
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