CN109280299B - Low-smoke low-halogen PVC (polyvinyl chloride) granules and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-smoke low-halogen PVC (polyvinyl chloride) granules and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-smoke low-halogen PVC granule and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of processing of polyvinyl chloride materials, wherein the low-smoke low-halogen PVC granule comprises 50 parts by weight of PVC resin, 8-12 parts by weight of filler, 20-30 parts by weight of plasticizer, 4-6 parts by weight of flame retardant, 2-4 parts by weight of smoke suppressor, 0.8-1 part by weight of flame retardant synergist, 2-3 parts by weight of stabilizer and 0.4-0.6 part by weight of lubricant; the flame retardant comprises modified aluminum hydroxide, cuprous oxide and tin oxide with the weight part ratio of 3:1: 1; the smoke suppressor comprises molybdenum trioxide, ferrocene and zinc borate with the weight portion ratio of 4:1: 1. According to the invention, the modified aluminum hydroxide, cuprous oxide and tin oxide in the flame retardant are matched with the molybdenum trioxide, ferrocene and zinc borate in the smoke suppressor, so that the flame retardant effect of the PVC granules can be improved, the smoke density is reduced, and the PVC material still has good mechanical properties.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of processing of polyvinyl chloride materials, in particular to low-smoke low-halogen PVC granules and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a commonly used plastic, is widely used in automotive upholsteries because of its low cost, good water resistance, chemical resistance, and insulation properties, and its raw materials include PVC resin, plasticizer, filler, and anti-aging agent. Along with the frequent occurrence of fire accidents in recent years, the polyvinyl chloride product also has the requirement of flame retardance, and the polyvinyl chloride resin has the flame retardance due to the fact that the oxygen index of the polyvinyl chloride resin is 45 percent, and has good advantages when being used as a flame retardant material, but the oxygen index of the polyvinyl chloride is reduced to about 20 percent due to the fact that the plasticizer is usually required to be added into the polyvinyl chloride product, and the flame retardant effect of the polyvinyl chloride product is greatly reduced; in addition, because polyvinyl chloride has poor thermal stability, the polyvinyl chloride can be decomposed at about 100 ℃, a large amount of smoke is generated during decomposition, and more than 80 percent of people in the dead people in the fire disaster can be suffocated due to the fact that excessive toxic gas and suspended particles are inhaled; therefore, the development of flame-retardant and smoke-eliminating polyvinyl chloride is a current hot spot.
The common PVC material can generate a large amount of smoke when being combusted, the maximum smoke density is as high as 720, and the common PVC material is the top list in plastics; smoke is typically a fine, dispersed solid or liquid particle suspended in a cavity resulting from thermal decomposition or incomplete combustion of a material, which includes black smoke, which refers to solid particles suspended in combustion gas products under anoxic conditions, and white smoke, which is a fine particle of steam condensate or the like suspended in air.
At present, the flame retardant measure of PVC is mainly that a flame retardant is added into PVC resin, and then the PVC resin and other additives are subjected to mixing and extrusion to obtain a PVC material; since organic flame retardants generate other toxic substances during combustion, the main flame retardants used in polymer materials at present are inorganic flame retardants.
Inorganic flame retardants can be divided into flame retardant fillers and auxiliary flame retardants; the flame-retardant filler mainly comprises metal oxides such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate and the like, and the auxiliary flame retardant comprises antimony series, tin series, boron series and the like; wherein, the flame retardant filler is a flame retardant which is used in large quantity at present because of low price and no secondary pollution; however, the flame-retardant filler isolates air from a comburent through a covering film generated by the metal oxide, so that the flame-retardant purpose is achieved, when the metal oxide is used as a flame-retardant smoke suppressor, the metal oxide needs to be added in a large amount to play a role, but the mechanical property of a PVC product is damaged by the metal oxide added in a large amount, and the quality of the product is influenced; in addition, the conventional flame retardant filler has many defects because the metal oxide is flame-retardant by burning and absorbing heat to generate steam, but the steam reduces light transmittance, increases white smoke, reduces visibility, and is not beneficial to escape of people in a fire.
Therefore, how to reduce the smoke density of the PVC material and reduce the loss of mechanical properties of the product is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide low-smoke low-halogen PVC granules, which can improve the flame retardant effect of the PVC granules and reduce the smoke density by matching modified aluminum hydroxide, cuprous oxide and tin oxide in a flame retardant with molybdenum trioxide, ferrocene and zinc borate in a smoke suppressor, and also can have good mechanical properties.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a low-smoke low-halogen PVC granular material comprises, by weight, 50 parts of PVC resin, 8-12 parts of filler, 20-30 parts of plasticizer, 4-6 parts of flame retardant, 2-4 parts of smoke suppressor, 0.8-1 part of flame retardant synergist, 2-3 parts of stabilizer and 0.4-0.6 part of lubricant; the flame retardant comprises modified aluminum hydroxide, cuprous oxide and tin oxide with the weight part ratio of 3:1: 1; the smoke suppressor comprises molybdenum trioxide, ferrocene and zinc borate with the weight portion ratio of 4:1: 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the modified aluminum hydroxide with small particle size is adopted in the flame retardant, so that the surface area of the flame retardant can be increased, and a good flame retardant effect can be achieved by the cooperation of the modified aluminum hydroxide, the cuprous oxide and the tin oxide when the dosage is small, so that the flame retardant has high flame retardant efficiency; the influence on the mechanical property of the PVC is avoided when the addition amount of the metal oxide is too large; molybdenum trioxide, ferrocene and zinc borate in the smoke suppressor can effectively reduce smoke generated during the combustion of polyvinyl chloride, and can play a role in enhancing flame retardance.
The invention is further configured to: the modified aluminum hydroxide is prepared by the following method: adding 20 parts of aluminum hydroxide into 40 parts of isopropanol in parts by weight, and stirring at the speed of 2000r/min for 5-10 min; then continuously adding 0.3-0.4 part of aluminate coupling agent and 0.2-0.24 part of hexadecyl trimethoxy silane, heating to 110 ℃, continuously stirring for 20min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture; grinding the mixture for 1-1.5h, drying at 100-120 deg.C for 3-4h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain modified aluminum hydroxide.
By adopting the technical scheme, the surface of the aluminum hydroxide is modified to obtain modified aluminum hydroxide, so that the surface area of the aluminum hydroxide can be increased, and the flame retardant efficiency can be higher when the dosage is smaller; the loss of the mechanical property of the polyvinyl chloride product caused by adding the metal oxide can be reduced by reducing the using amount of the metal oxide.
The invention is further configured to: the flame-retardant synergist comprises nickel acetylacetonate, ammonium molybdate and chlorinated paraffin in a weight ratio of 2:1: 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the nickel acetylacetonate, the ammonium molybdate and the chlorinated paraffin are compounded for use, the flame retardant property of the polyvinyl chloride can be further improved, the smoke density of the polyvinyl chloride is reduced, in addition, the tensile strength, the bending property and the impact resistance of the polyvinyl chloride can be improved, and the loss of the polyvinyl chloride property caused by the addition of the metal oxide in the flame retardant is compensated.
The invention is further configured to: the plasticizer is dioctyl terephthalate and diisooctyl phthalate with the weight portion ratio of 1.5: 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP) is a main plasticizer with excellent performance for polyvinyl chloride plastics, and when the dioctyl phthalate (DOP) is used together, the dioctyl terephthalate has a synergistic effect, can improve the heat resistance, cold resistance, difficult volatilization, flexibility and electrical insulation performance of a polyvinyl chloride product, and can obviously improve the durability of the polyvinyl chloride product.
The invention is further configured to: the stabilizer is a calcium zinc stabilizer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the calcium-zinc stabilizer is compounded by taking calcium salt, zinc salt, lubricant, antioxidant and the like as main components, is a good nontoxic stabilizer, has good dispersibility, compatibility and processing fluidity in the processing process of PVC resin, and can improve the thermal stability of PVC.
The invention is further configured to: the filler is one or the compound of calcium carbonate and talcum powder.
By adopting the technical scheme, the hardness of the PVC product can be improved and the cost can be reduced by adding the filler.
The invention is further configured to: the lubricant is polyethylene wax, microcrystalline wax and erucamide in a weight ratio of 3:1: 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polyethylene wax (PE wax) has excellent cold resistance, heat resistance, chemical resistance and wear resistance, and can increase the gloss and the processing performance of PVC products; the microcrystalline wax is odorless and tasteless, and can improve the processability of PVC; the erucamide has good thermal stability, can improve the aging resistance of PVC products, is nontoxic and tasteless, and belongs to a green auxiliary agent; through compounding of polyethylene wax, microcrystalline wax and erucamide, a synergistic effect can be achieved, the heat resistance of a PVC product is improved, the processing performance of the PVC product is improved, and the surface gloss of the product is improved; in addition, in order to improve the hardness of products and reduce the cost, fillers are required to be added into the PVC products, but the addition of the fillers can affect the surface gloss of the PVC products and can reduce the processing performance; by adding the lubricant, the defects caused by the filler can be improved, and the quality of the PVC product is further improved.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the low-smoke low-halogen PVC granules.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of low-smoke low-halogen PVC granules comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing PVC resin, a plasticizer, a flame retardant, a smoke suppressor, a flame retardant synergist and a stabilizer at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for 20-25min according to the proportion, then adding the rest raw materials, and kneading at the temperature of 120-130 ℃ for 10-15min to obtain a mixture;
(2) feeding the mixture into a twin-screw extruder, the temperature of the twin-screw extruder being set to: a first area: and (3) performing extrusion granulation at the temperature of 110-.
By adopting the technical scheme, after the raw materials are mixed and then are extruded, granulated and cooled by the double-screw extruder, the low-smoke low-halogen PCV granular material can be obtained, has good flame retardant property, can reduce the smoke density of the polyvinyl chloride during combustion, and can not cause the reduction of the mechanical property of the polyvinyl chloride.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. modified aluminum hydroxide with small particle size is adopted in the flame retardant, so that the surface area of the flame retardant can be increased, and a good flame retardant effect can be achieved by the synergistic effect of the modified aluminum hydroxide, cuprous oxide and tin oxide when the dosage is small, so that the flame retardant has high flame retardant efficiency; the influence on the mechanical property of the PVC is avoided when the addition amount of the metal oxide is too large; molybdenum trioxide, ferrocene and zinc borate in the smoke suppressor can effectively reduce smoke generated during the combustion of polyvinyl chloride and can play a role in enhancing flame retardance;
2. when the acetylacetone nickel, the ammonium molybdate and the chlorinated paraffin are compounded for use, the flame retardant property of the polyvinyl chloride can be further improved, the smoke density of the polyvinyl chloride is reduced, in addition, the tensile strength, the bending property and the impact resistance of the polyvinyl chloride can be improved, and the loss of the polyvinyl chloride property caused by the addition of the metal oxide in the flame retardant is compensated;
3. when the polyethylene wax, the microcrystalline wax and the erucamide are used as the lubricant, the synergistic effect can be exerted, the heat resistance of the PVC product is improved, the processing performance of the PVC product is improved, and the surface gloss of the product is improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below.
Preparation examples 1 to 3 of aluminum hydroxide
Preparation example 1: adding 20kg of aluminum hydroxide into 40kg of isopropanol, and stirring at 2000r/min for 5 min; then, continuously adding 0.3kg of aluminate coupling agent and 0.2kg of hexadecyl trimethoxy silane, heating to 100 ℃, continuously stirring for 20min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture; and grinding the mixture for 1h, drying for 3h at the temperature of 100 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified aluminum hydroxide.
Preparation example 2: adding 20kg of aluminum hydroxide into 40kg of isopropanol, and stirring at 2000r/min for 7.5 min; then, continuously adding 0.35kg of aluminate coupling agent and 0.22kg of hexadecyl trimethoxy silane, heating to 105 ℃, continuously stirring for 20min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture; and grinding the mixture for 1.25h, drying at 110 ℃ for 3.5h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified aluminum hydroxide.
Preparation example 3: adding 20kg of aluminum hydroxide into 40kg of isopropanol, and stirring at 2000r/min for 10 min; then, continuously adding 0.4kg of aluminate coupling agent and 0.24kg of hexadecyl trimethoxy silane, heating to 110 ℃, continuously stirring for 20min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture; and grinding the mixture for 1.5h, drying at 120 ℃ for 4h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified aluminum hydroxide.
Second, examples 1 to 3
Example 1: the low-smoke low-halogen PVC granular material is prepared by the following method:
(1) 50kg of PVC resin, 12kg of dioctyl terephthalate, 8kg of diisooctyl phthalate, 3kg of modified aluminum hydroxide, 1kg of cuprous oxide, 1kg of tin oxide, 1.34kg of molybdenum trioxide, 0.33kg of ferrocene, 0.33kg of zinc borate, 0.4kg of nickel acetylacetonate, 0.2kg of ammonium molybdate, 0.2kg of chlorinated paraffin and 2kg of calcium-zinc stabilizer are mixed at the temperature of 20 ℃ for 20min, then 8kg of filler calcium carbonate, 0.24kg of polyethylene wax, 0.08kg of microcrystalline wax and 0.08kg of erucamide are added and kneaded at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 10min to obtain a mixture;
(2) feeding the mixture into a twin-screw extruder, the temperature of the twin-screw extruder being set to: a first area: extruding and granulating at 110 ℃, 120 ℃ in the second zone, 130 ℃ in the third zone, 125 ℃ in the fourth zone, 140 ℃ at the die orifice and 30r/min to obtain low-odor PVC granules; wherein the modified aluminum hydroxide is selected from the modified aluminum hydroxide prepared in preparation example 1.
Example 2: the low-smoke low-halogen PVC granular material is prepared by the following method:
(1) 50kg of PVC resin, 15kg of dioctyl terephthalate, 10kg of diisooctyl phthalate, 3.75kg of modified aluminum hydroxide, 1.25kg of cuprous oxide, 1.25kg of tin oxide, 2kg of molybdenum trioxide, 0.5kg of ferrocene, 0.5kg of zinc borate, 0.45kg of nickel acetylacetonate, 0.225kg of ammonium molybdate, 0.225kg of chlorinated paraffin and 2.5kg of calcium-zinc stabilizer are mixed at the temperature of 25 ℃ for 22.5min, then 10kg of filler talcum powder, 0.3kg of polyethylene wax, 0.1kg of microcrystalline wax and 0.1kg of erucamide are added, and the mixture is kneaded at the temperature of 125 ℃ for 12.5min to obtain a mixture;
(2) feeding the mixture into a twin-screw extruder, the temperature of the twin-screw extruder being set to: a first area: extruding and granulating at 115 ℃, 125 ℃ in the second zone, 135 ℃ in the third zone, 130 ℃ in the fourth zone, 140 ℃ at the die orifice and the rotating speed of 35r/min to obtain low-odor PVC granules; wherein the modified aluminum hydroxide is selected from the modified aluminum hydroxide prepared in preparation example 2.
Example 3: the low-smoke low-halogen PVC granular material is prepared by the following method:
(1) 50kg of PVC resin, 18kg of dioctyl terephthalate, 12kg of diisooctyl phthalate, 4.5kg of modified aluminum hydroxide, 1.5kg of cuprous oxide, 1.5kg of tin oxide, 2.66kg of molybdenum trioxide, 0.67kg of ferrocene, 0.67kg of zinc borate, 0.5kg of nickel acetylacetonate, 0.25kg of ammonium molybdate, 0.25kg of chlorinated paraffin and 3kg of calcium-zinc stabilizer are mixed at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 25min, then, 6kg of filler calcium carbonate, 6kg of talcum powder, 0.36kg of polyethylene wax, 0.12kg of microcrystalline wax and 0.12kg of erucamide are added and kneaded at the temperature of 130 ℃ for 15min to obtain a mixture;
(2) feeding the mixture into a twin-screw extruder, the temperature of the twin-screw extruder being set to: extruding and granulating to obtain low-odor PVC granules, wherein the first zone is 120 ℃, the second zone is 130 ℃, the third zone is 140 ℃, the fourth zone is 135 ℃, the die orifice is 140 ℃, and the rotating speed is 40 r/min; wherein the modified aluminum hydroxide is selected from the modified aluminum hydroxide prepared in preparation example 3.
Third, comparative examples 1 to 7
Comparative example 1: comparative example 1 differs from example 1 in that the modified aluminum hydroxide is replaced with an equal amount of ordinary aluminum hydroxide.
Comparative example 2: comparative example 2 differs from example 1 in that no smoke suppressant is added to the feed.
Comparative example 3: comparative example 3 differs from example 1 in that the smoke suppressant in the feed contained only ferrocene, which was used in an amount of 2 kg.
Comparative example 4: comparative example 4 differs from example 1 in that the smoke suppressor in the starting material contained only molybdenum trioxide in an amount of 1kg and ferrocene in an amount of 1 kg.
Comparative example 5: comparative example 5 differs from example 1 in that no flame retardant synergist was added to the raw materials.
Comparative example 6: comparative example 6 differs from example 1 in that the flame retardant synergist in the raw materials contained only ammonium molybdate and chloroparaffin, with the amount of ammonium molybdate being 0.4kg and the amount of chloroparaffin being 0.4 kg.
Comparative example 7: comparative example 7 differs from example 1 in that the lubricant in the raw material contained only polyethylene wax in an amount of 0.4 kg.
TABLE 1 formulation of Low Smoke, Low halogen PVC pellets (unit: kg) in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-7
Fourthly, performance test: PVC pellets prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were formed into PVC sheet products, and performance tests were carried out in the following manner, and the test results are shown in Table 2.
1. Oxygen index: part 2 of the combustion behaviour was determined according to GB/T2406.2-2009 "oxygen index for plastics: room temperature test ", the oxygen index of PVC articles is tested.
2. Horizontal combustion: according to GB8410-2006 "combustion characteristics of automotive interior materials", the combustion characteristics of interior materials must meet the following technical requirements: the burning speed is not more than 100 mm/min.
3. Vertical combustion: the vertical burning performance of the PVC product is tested according to UL94-2006 standard for testing the burning performance of plastic burning materials in equipment and devices.
4. Smoke density: according to GB/T8323.2-2008, part 2 of Plastic Smoke Generation: smoke density test method for single chamber method, the smoke density of PVC products when burning is tested.
5. Tensile strength: determination of tensile Properties of plastics according to GB/T1040.1-2006 part 2: test conditions for molded and extruded plastics the tensile strength of PVC articles was tested.
6. Elongation at break: determination of tensile Properties of plastics according to GB/T1040.1-2006 part 2: test conditions for molded and extruded plastics "the elongation at break of PVC articles was tested.
7. Cantilever beam impact strength: the Izod impact strength of PVC products was tested according to GB/T1843-2008 "determination of Plastic Izod impact Strength".
8. Flexural modulus: the flexural modulus of PVC articles was tested according to GB/T9341-2008 "determination of Plastic flexural Properties".
9. Appearance: the roughness and surface gloss of the surface of the PVC article were rated by visual observation, a: the surface is smooth, and the glossiness is high; b: the surface is smooth and has certain luster; c: the surface is rough and dull.
TABLE 2 Performance test Table for PVC articles prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-7
From the data, the low-smoke low-halogen PVC granules prepared by the invention have good flame retardant property and smaller smoke density, and also have good tensile strength, elongation at break, cantilever beam impact strength and flexural modulus.
In the comparative example 1, the common aluminum hydroxide is adopted to replace the superfine aluminum hydroxide, the oxygen index of the PVC product is obviously reduced, and the horizontal combustion performance and the vertical combustion performance of the PVC product are reduced, which shows that the superfine aluminum hydroxide obtained by the treatment of the method has good flame retardant effect.
In comparative example 2, no smoke suppressor was used, and the smoke density of the PVC product was significantly increased, indicating that the smoke suppressor of the present invention can effectively reduce the smoke density of the PVC product when burned.
The smoke suppressant of comparative example 3 contains only ferrocene, and the smoke density of PVC is reduced compared to comparative example 2, indicating that ferrocene contributes to the reduction of the smoke density of PVC; but the smoke density is still higher than that of PVC in example 1, which shows that the compounding effect of ferrocene, molybdenum trioxide and zinc borate is better than that of single use of ferrocene.
The smoke suppressor in the comparative example 4 only contains molybdenum trioxide and ferrocene, and compared with the comparative example 2, the smoke density of PVC is reduced, which shows that the smoke density of PVC is reduced when the molybdenum trioxide and the ferrocene are compounded; but the smoke density is still higher than that of PVC in example 1, which shows that the compounding effect of ferrocene, molybdenum trioxide and zinc borate is better than that of ferrocene and molybdenum trioxide.
In the comparative example 5, the flame retardant synergist is not adopted, compared with the example 1, the oxygen index of PVC is obviously reduced, and the horizontal combustion performance and the vertical combustion performance of the PVC are reduced, so that when the flame retardant synergist and the flame retardant are compounded for use, the flame retardant performance of the PVC can be obviously enhanced; in addition, compared with example 1, the tensile strength, elongation at break, izod impact strength and flexural modulus of the PVC are reduced to different degrees, indicating that the flame retardant synergist can improve the mechanical properties of the PVC.
The flame retardant synergist in the comparative example 6 only contains ammonium molybdate and chlorinated paraffin, compared with the comparative example 5, the oxygen index of PVC is obviously increased, and the horizontal combustion and vertical combustion performance of the PVC are improved, so that the flame retardant performance of the PVC can be effectively enhanced when the ammonium molybdate, the chlorinated paraffin and the flame retardant are compounded for use; compared with comparative example 1, the oxygen index of PVC is basically kept flat, but the horizontal burning and vertical burning performance of the PVC is reduced, but the horizontal burning and vertical burning performance of the PVC is still lower than that of example 1, which shows that only when ammonium molybdate, paraffin chloride and nickel acetylacetonate are compounded for use, the PVC can achieve better flame retardant effect and simultaneously can enhance the mechanical property of the PVC.
The lubricant of comparative example 7, which only contained polyethylene wax, had a rougher surface and a lower gloss than example 1, indicating that the microcrystalline wax, erucamide, and polyethylene wax in the lubricant were effective in improving the appearance of the product.
In conclusion, the oxygen index of the low-smoke low-halogen PVC prepared by the invention is more than 40, both horizontal combustion and vertical combustion meet the technical requirements, the vertical combustion meets the V0-grade index, and the low-smoke low-halogen PVC has good flame retardant effect and lower smoke density; in addition, through the cooperation of the flame retardant, the smoke suppressor and the flame retardant synergist, the flame retardant has higher flame retardant efficiency, can reduce the using amount of the flame retardant, reduce the loss of mechanical properties of PVC, and improve the mechanical properties of PVC.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A low-smoke low-halogen PVC granular material is characterized in that: the flame-retardant PVC composite material comprises, by weight, 50 parts of PVC resin, 8-12 parts of filler, 20-30 parts of plasticizer, 4-6 parts of flame retardant, 2-4 parts of smoke suppressor, 0.8-1 part of flame-retardant synergist, 2-3 parts of stabilizer and 0.4-0.6 part of lubricant;
the flame retardant comprises modified aluminum hydroxide, cuprous oxide and tin oxide with the weight part ratio of 3:1: 1;
the smoke suppressor comprises molybdenum trioxide, ferrocene and zinc borate, wherein the weight part ratio of the molybdenum trioxide to the ferrocene is 4:1: 1;
the modified aluminum hydroxide is prepared by the following method: adding 20 parts of aluminum hydroxide into 40 parts of isopropanol in parts by weight, and stirring at the speed of 2000r/min for 5-10 min; then continuously adding 0.3-0.4 part of aluminate coupling agent and 0.2-0.24 part of hexadecyl trimethoxy silane, heating to 110 ℃, continuously stirring for 20min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture; grinding the mixture for 1-1.5h, drying at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ for 3-4h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain modified aluminum hydroxide;
the flame retardant synergist comprises nickel acetylacetonate, ammonium molybdate and chlorinated paraffin in a weight ratio of 2:1: 1;
the lubricant is polyethylene wax, microcrystalline wax and erucamide in a weight ratio of 3:1: 1.
2. The low smoke, low halogen PVC pellet of claim 1, characterized by: the plasticizer is dioctyl terephthalate and diisooctyl phthalate with the weight portion ratio of 1.5: 1.
3. The low smoke, low halogen PVC pellet of claim 1, characterized by: the stabilizer is a calcium zinc stabilizer.
4. The low smoke, low halogen PVC pellet of claim 1, characterized by: the filler is one or the compound of calcium carbonate and talcum powder.
5. A process for the preparation of low smoke, low halogen PVC pellets according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing PVC resin, a plasticizer, a flame retardant, a smoke suppressor, a flame retardant synergist and a stabilizer at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for 20-25min according to the proportion, then adding the rest raw materials, and kneading at the temperature of 120-130 ℃ for 10-15min to obtain a mixture;
(2) feeding the mixture into a twin-screw extruder, the temperature of the twin-screw extruder being set to: a first area: and (3) performing extrusion granulation at the temperature of 110-.
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