CN114436532A - Antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze and ceramic tableware with antibacterial self-cleaning function - Google Patents
Antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze and ceramic tableware with antibacterial self-cleaning function Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
- C03C8/18—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions containing free metals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
- A47G19/00—Table service
- A47G19/02—Plates, dishes or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/86—Glazes; Cold glazes
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2204/00—Glasses, glazes or enamels with special properties
- C03C2204/02—Antibacterial glass, glaze or enamel
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- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
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Abstract
The invention relates to an antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze and ceramic tableware with antibacterial self-cleaning function, wherein a certain amount of silver or silver ions with good antibacterial effect and high safety are added into a base glaze specially prepared by the company and fixed on carriers such as apatite, calcium phosphate, zirconium phosphate, clay minerals and the like to prepare the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze, the components and the proportion of the base glaze are reasonable, and a nano silver ion antibacterial agent with a certain proportion is added to ensure that the prepared antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze has stronger bonding force with blank pieces, the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is uniformly dispersed and exists for a long time in a glaze layer on the surface of the ceramic after glazing and sintering, silver-carrying antibacterial ceramic slowly releases silver ions in the using process, the silver ions contact react to cause the destruction of common components of microorganisms or generate functional disorder, the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic tableware produced has good antibacterial effect, and the antibacterial rate to escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus is more than 99 percent, the antibacterial effect is good, glazing can be finished by one-time glaze dipping, and the production cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic preparation, in particular to an antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze and ceramic tableware with antibacterial self-cleaning function.
Background
With the development of science and technology and the improvement of living standard of people, people's environmental awareness is continuously strengthened, and simultaneously, bacterial breeding, infection of infectious diseases and morbidity are also gradually increased due to environmental deterioration and global warming. Particularly, SARS virus and avian influenza in 2003 have been abused and new coronary pneumonia in 2020 has spread worldwide, which leads people to recognize that the purification of home environment, clean outdoor air, effective protection of water resources and the like are all related to health, and also promotes the large market of environment-friendly antibacterial products. For the ceramic industry, the antibacterial materials and products are antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic tableware.
The following problems are encountered in the current production process of antibacterial ceramics: the glazing difficulty of the ceramic glaze partially added with silver or other titanium-containing antibacterial agents is high, secondary glazing is needed, and the secondary glazing can cause the production cost of enterprises to be overhigh; the ceramic glaze partially added with silver or other titanium-containing antibacterial agents has small bonding force with blank pieces, the silver antibacterial agents are easy to fall off in the ceramic firing process, and the antibacterial performance of the produced antibacterial ceramic is unstable and the antibacterial effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems, the invention provides the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze with low production cost, the antibacterial rate of escherichia coli reaching 97.8 percent and the antibacterial rate of staphylococcus aureus reaching 98.6 percent and the preparation method thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of base glaze and 5-6 parts of nano-silver antibacterial agent;
the basic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-24 parts of potash feldspar, 18-20 parts of albite, 7-9 parts of cooked talc, 9-11 parts of limestone, 17-19 parts of quartz, 2-4 parts of barium carbonate, 2-4 parts of strontium carbonate, 7-9 parts of frit and 8-10 parts of kaolin.
Further, the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 110 parts of base glaze and 5.5 parts of nano-silver antibacterial agent;
the basic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 22 parts of potash feldspar, 19 parts of albite, 8 parts of cooked talc, 10 parts of limestone, 18 parts of quartz, 3 parts of barium carbonate, 3 parts of strontium carbonate, 8 parts of frit and 9 parts of kaolin.
Further, the frit comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 62.96% of silicon oxide, 8.63% of aluminum oxide, 0.17% of ferric oxide, 0.015% of titanium dioxide, 19.695% of calcium oxide, 3.68% of magnesium oxide, 3.38% of potassium oxide, 1.27% of sodium oxide and 0.20% of ignition loss.
Furthermore, the fineness of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is controlled to be 0.02-0.04% of the rest of the ten-thousand-hole sieve.
Further, the firing temperature of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is controlled to be 1250-1270 ℃.
The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a base glaze of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze according to the formula of the base glaze to obtain a mixed base glaze;
2) putting the mixed base glaze into a wet ball mill for ball milling, discharging slurry and sieving a screen to obtain a primary material;
3) removing iron from the primary material to obtain iron-removed mixed base glaze;
4) and adding a nano-silver antibacterial agent into the mixed base glaze, and mixing and stirring for 30-50 min to obtain the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze.
The invention also provides ceramic tableware with the antibacterial self-cleaning function, and the glaze used by the ceramic tableware is the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze.
The invention further provides a preparation method of the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial self-cleaning function, which comprises the following steps:
(1) blank trimming is carried out on the blank to obtain a trimmed blank;
(2) washing the trimmed blank with water to obtain a washed blank;
(3) carrying out internal and external one-time glaze dipping on the washed water blank, controlling the thickness of a glaze layer to be 0.10-0.15 mm, controlling the specific gravity of glaze water to be 148-100-150 g/100 ml, and controlling the concentration of glaze to be 48-50 baume;
(4) wiping off the accumulated glaze at the foot part of the glaze blank;
(5) inspecting the appearance of the glaze blank;
(6) and (3) delivering the glaze blank without defects in appearance to a firing process, controlling the firing temperature to be 1255-1265 ℃ and the firing period to be 9-11 h, thus obtaining the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions.
Further, in the step (3), the inner and outer one-time glaze dipping is carried out on the washed water blank, the thickness of a glaze layer is controlled to be 0.12mm, the specific gravity of glaze water is controlled to be 149 g/100 ml, and the glaze concentration is controlled to be 49 Baume degrees.
Further, in the step (6), the glaze blank with no defects in appearance is sent to a firing process, the firing temperature is controlled at 1260 ℃, the firing period is controlled at 10 hours, and the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions is obtained.
According to the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze and the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial self-cleaning function, a certain amount of nano-silver antibacterial agent is added into the base glaze to prepare the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze, the components and the proportion of the base glaze are reasonably designed, and the nano-silver antibacterial agent with a certain proportion is added, so that the prepared antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze has stronger bonding force with blank pieces, and after glazing and sintering, the prepared antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is uniformly dispersed in a glaze layer on the surface of the ceramic and exists for a long time, so that a silver antibacterial carrier cannot fall off, and the antibacterial effect of the produced antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic tableware is good;
the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze has low glazing difficulty, can finish the glazing step by one-time glaze dipping, and has low production cost; the antibacterial mechanism of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is that trace silver ions in the nano-silver antibacterial agent enter the inside of thalli, destroy the respiratory system and the transmission system of microbial cells (bacteria, viruses and the like), and cause the destruction of active enzymes or the necrosis of amino acids; meanwhile, the catalytic action of silver ions can change oxygen or dissolved oxygen in water into active oxygen, and the active oxygen has the antibacterial self-cleaning function;
according to the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions, the antibacterial rate of escherichia coli is over 99 percent, the antibacterial rate of staphylococcus aureus is over 99 percent, and the antibacterial effect of the ceramic tableware is far superior to the national standard and the industrial standard through detection of a third authority department; the application has antibiotic self-cleaning function's ceramic tableware and detects through the thermal stability: the secondary cracking does not occur at 180-20 ℃, and the thermal stability of the product meets the national standard.
Detailed Description
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract) may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
The invention relates to an antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze and ceramic tableware with antibacterial self-cleaning function, wherein the used nano-silver antibacterial agent is a purchased finished product of the nano-silver antibacterial agent.
Example 1:
an antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of base glaze and 5 parts of nano-silver antibacterial agent;
the basic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of potassium feldspar, 18 parts of albite, 7 parts of cooked talc, 9 parts of limestone, 17 parts of quartz, 2 parts of barium carbonate, 2 parts of strontium carbonate, 7 parts of frit and 8 parts of kaolin; the frit comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 62.96% of silicon oxide, 8.63% of aluminum oxide, 0.17% of ferric oxide, 0.015% of titanium dioxide, 19.695% of calcium oxide, 3.68% of magnesium oxide, 3.38% of potassium oxide, 1.27% of sodium oxide and 0.20% of ignition loss;
the fineness of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is controlled to be 0.02-0.04% of the rest of a ten-thousand-hole sieve;
the manufacturing method of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a base glaze of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze according to the formula of the base glaze to obtain a mixed base glaze;
2) putting the mixed base glaze into a wet ball mill for ball milling, discharging slurry and sieving a screen to obtain a primary material;
3) removing iron from the primary material to obtain iron-removed mixed base glaze;
4) and adding a nano-silver antibacterial agent into the mixed base glaze, and mixing and stirring for 30min to obtain the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze.
A preparation method of ceramic tableware with antibacterial self-cleaning function comprises the following steps:
(1) blank trimming is carried out on the blank to obtain a trimmed blank;
(2) washing the trimmed blank with water to obtain a washed blank;
(3) carrying out internal and external one-time glaze dipping on the washed water blank, controlling the thickness of a glaze layer to be 0.10mm, controlling the specific gravity of glaze water to be 148 g/100 ml, and controlling the concentration of glaze to be 48 baume degrees;
(4) wiping off the accumulated glaze at the foot part of the glaze blank;
(5) inspecting the appearance of the glaze blank;
(6) and (3) delivering the glaze blank without defects in appearance to a firing process, controlling the firing temperature at 1250 ℃ and the firing period at 9h to obtain the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions.
When the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is adopted for glazing, glazing can be completed by one-time glazing inside and outside, the glazing process is simple, and the production cost is low; the binding force between the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze and the blank piece is strong, and after glazing and sintering, the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze can be uniformly dispersed in a glaze layer on the surface of the ceramic and can exist for a long time, so that the silver antibacterial carrier can not fall off, and the antibacterial effect of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic tableware produced is good; according to the detection of a third-party authority department, the antibacterial rate of escherichia coli reaches 99.8%, the antibacterial rate of staphylococcus aureus reaches 99.6%, and the antibacterial effect of the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions is superior to that of the national standard and the industrial standard; the product is tested according to the national standard, and the result shows that the product does not crack for the second time at 180-20 ℃, and the product meets the national standard.
Example 2:
an antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 120 parts of base glaze and 6 parts of nano silver antibacterial agent;
the basic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 24 parts of potash feldspar, 20 parts of albite, 9 parts of cooked talc, 11 parts of limestone, 19 parts of quartz, 4 parts of barium carbonate, 4 parts of strontium carbonate, 9 parts of frit and 10 parts of kaolin; the frit comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 62.96% of silicon oxide, 8.63% of aluminum oxide, 0.17% of ferric oxide, 0.015% of titanium dioxide, 19.695% of calcium oxide, 3.68% of magnesium oxide, 3.38% of potassium oxide, 1.27% of sodium oxide and 0.20% of ignition loss;
the fineness of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is controlled to be 0.02-0.04% of the rest of a ten-thousand-hole sieve;
the manufacturing method of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a base glaze of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze according to the formula of the base glaze to obtain a mixed base glaze;
2) putting the mixed base glaze into a wet ball mill for ball milling, discharging slurry and sieving a screen to obtain a primary material;
3) removing iron from the primary material to obtain iron-removed mixed base glaze;
4) and adding a nano-silver antibacterial agent into the mixed base glaze, and mixing and stirring for 50min to obtain the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze.
A preparation method of ceramic tableware with antibacterial and self-cleaning functions comprises the following steps:
(1) blank trimming is carried out on the blank to obtain a trimmed blank;
(2) washing the trimmed blank with water to obtain a washed blank;
(3) carrying out internal and external one-time glaze dipping on the washing blank, wherein the thickness of a glaze layer is controlled to be 0.15mm, the specific gravity of glaze water is controlled to be 150 g/100 ml, and the concentration of glaze is controlled to be 50 baume degrees;
(4) wiping off the accumulated glaze at the foot part of the glaze blank;
(5) inspecting the appearance of the glaze blank;
(6) and (3) delivering the glaze blank without defects in appearance to a firing process, controlling the firing temperature to 1270 ℃ and the firing period to 11h, thus obtaining the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions.
When the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is adopted for glazing, glazing can be completed by one-time glazing inside and outside, the glazing process is simple, and the production cost is low; the binding force between the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze and the blank piece is strong, and after glazing and sintering, the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze can be uniformly dispersed in a glaze layer on the surface of the ceramic and can exist for a long time, so that the silver antibacterial carrier can not fall off, and the antibacterial effect of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic tableware produced is good; according to the detection of a third-party authority department, the antibacterial rate of escherichia coli reaches 99.2%, the antibacterial rate of staphylococcus aureus reaches 99.3%, and the antibacterial effect of the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions is far better than that of the national standard and the industrial standard; the product is tested according to the national standard, and the result shows that the product does not crack for the second time at 180-20 ℃, and the product meets the national standard.
Example 3:
an antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 110 parts of base glaze and 5.5 parts of nano-silver antibacterial agent;
the basic glaze comprises, by weight, 22 parts of potassium feldspar, 19 parts of albite, 8 parts of calcined talc, 10 parts of limestone, 18 parts of quartz, 3 parts of barium carbonate, 3 parts of strontium carbonate, 8 parts of clinker and 9 parts of kaolin; the frit comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 62.96% of silicon oxide, 8.63% of aluminum oxide, 0.17% of ferric oxide, 0.015% of titanium dioxide, 19.695% of calcium oxide, 3.68% of magnesium oxide, 3.38% of potassium oxide, 1.27% of sodium oxide and 0.20% of ignition loss;
the fineness of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is controlled to be 0.02-0.04% of the rest of a ten-thousand-hole sieve;
the manufacturing method of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a base glaze of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze according to the formula of the base glaze to obtain a mixed base glaze;
2) putting the mixed base glaze into a wet ball mill for ball milling, discharging slurry and sieving a screen to obtain a primary material;
3) removing iron from the primary material to obtain iron-removed mixed base glaze;
4) and (3) adding a nano-silver antibacterial agent into the mixed base glaze, and mixing and stirring for 40min to obtain the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze.
A preparation method of ceramic tableware with antibacterial self-cleaning function comprises the following steps:
(1) blank trimming is carried out on the blank to obtain a trimmed blank;
(2) washing the trimmed blank with water to obtain a washed blank;
(3) carrying out internal and external one-time glaze dipping on the washed water blank, controlling the thickness of a glaze layer to be 0.12mm, controlling the specific gravity of glaze water to be 149 g/100 ml, and controlling the concentration of glaze to be 49 baume degrees;
(4) wiping off the accumulated glaze at the foot part of the glaze blank;
(5) inspecting the appearance of the glaze blank;
(6) and (3) delivering the glaze blank without defects in appearance to a firing process, controlling the firing temperature to be 1260 ℃, and controlling the firing period to be 10h to obtain the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions.
When the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is adopted for glazing, glazing can be completed by one-time glazing inside and outside, the glazing process is simple, and the production cost is low; the binding force between the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze and the blank piece is strong, and after glazing and sintering, the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze can be uniformly dispersed in a glaze layer on the surface of the ceramic and can exist for a long time, so that the silver antibacterial carrier can not fall off, and the antibacterial effect of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic tableware produced is good; according to the detection of a third-party authority department, the antibacterial rate of escherichia coli reaches over 99.8%, the antibacterial rate of staphylococcus aureus reaches over 99.5%, and the antibacterial effect of the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial self-cleaning function is far better than that of the national standard and the industrial standard; the product is tested according to the national standard, and the result shows that the product does not crack for the second time at 180-20 ℃, and the product meets the national standard.
Example 4:
an antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 115 parts of basic glaze and 5.3 parts of nano-silver antibacterial agent;
the basic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 22 parts of potash feldspar, 19 parts of albite, 8.5 parts of cooked talc, 10.5 parts of limestone, 18.5 parts of quartz, 2.5 parts of barium carbonate, 2.5 parts of strontium carbonate, 7.5 parts of clinker and 8.5 parts of kaolin; the frit comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 62.96% of silicon oxide, 8.63% of aluminum oxide, 0.17% of ferric oxide, 0.015% of titanium dioxide, 19.695% of calcium oxide, 3.68% of magnesium oxide, 3.38% of potassium oxide, 1.27% of sodium oxide and 0.20% of ignition loss;
the fineness of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is controlled to be 0.02-0.04% of the rest of a ten-thousand-hole sieve;
the manufacturing method of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a base glaze of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze according to the formula of the base glaze to obtain a mixed base glaze;
2) putting the mixed base glaze into a wet ball mill for ball milling, discharging slurry and sieving a screen to obtain a primary material;
3) removing iron from the primary material to obtain iron-removed mixed base glaze;
4) and (3) adding a nano-silver antibacterial agent into the mixed base glaze, and mixing and stirring for 45min to obtain the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze.
A preparation method of ceramic tableware with antibacterial self-cleaning function comprises the following steps:
(1) blank trimming is carried out on the blank to obtain a trimmed blank;
(2) washing the trimmed blank with water to obtain a washed blank;
(3) carrying out internal and external one-time glaze dipping on the washed water blank, controlling the thickness of a glaze layer to be 0.13mm, controlling the specific gravity of glaze water to be 149 g/100 ml, and controlling the concentration of glaze to be 49 baume degrees;
(4) wiping off the accumulated glaze at the foot part of the glaze blank;
(5) inspecting the appearance of the glaze blank;
(6) and (3) delivering the glaze blank without defects in appearance to a firing process, controlling the firing temperature to be 1255 ℃ and controlling the firing period to be 10.5h, thus obtaining the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions.
When the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is adopted for glazing, glazing can be completed by one-time glazing inside and outside, the glazing process is simple, and the production cost is low; the binding force between the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze and the blank piece is strong, and after glazing and sintering, the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze can be uniformly dispersed in a glaze layer on the surface of the ceramic and can exist for a long time, so that the silver antibacterial carrier can not fall off, and the antibacterial effect of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic tableware produced is good; according to the detection of a third-party authority department, the antibacterial rate of escherichia coli reaches over 99.4%, the antibacterial rate of staphylococcus aureus reaches over 99.5%, and the antibacterial effect of the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial self-cleaning function is far superior to that of the national standard and the industrial standard; the product is tested according to the national standard, and the result shows that the product does not crack for the second time at 180-20 ℃, and the product meets the national standard.
Comparative example 1:
an antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 115 parts of basic glaze and 5.3 parts of nano-silver antibacterial agent;
the basic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 41 parts of potash feldspar, 8.5 parts of cooked talc, 10.5 parts of limestone, 18.5 parts of quartz, 2.5 parts of barium carbonate, 2.5 parts of strontium carbonate, 7.5 parts of clinker and 8.5 parts of kaolin; the frit comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 62.96% of silicon oxide, 8.63% of aluminum oxide, 0.17% of ferric oxide, 0.015% of titanium dioxide, 19.695% of calcium oxide, 3.68% of magnesium oxide, 3.38% of potassium oxide, 1.27% of sodium oxide and 0.20% of ignition loss;
the fineness of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is controlled to be 0.02-0.04% of the rest of a ten-thousand-hole sieve;
the manufacturing method of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a base glaze of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze according to the formula of the base glaze to obtain a mixed base glaze;
2) putting the mixed base glaze into a wet ball mill for ball milling, discharging slurry and sieving a screen to obtain a primary material;
3) removing iron from the primary material to obtain iron-removed mixed base glaze;
4) and (3) adding a nano-silver antibacterial agent into the mixed base glaze, and mixing and stirring for 45min to obtain the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze.
A preparation method of ceramic tableware with antibacterial self-cleaning function comprises the following steps:
(1) blank trimming is carried out on the blank to obtain a trimmed blank;
(2) washing the trimmed blank with water to obtain a washed blank;
(3) carrying out internal and external one-time glaze dipping on the washed water blank, controlling the thickness of a glaze layer to be 0.13mm, controlling the specific gravity of glaze water to be 149 g/100 ml, and controlling the concentration of glaze to be 49 baume degrees;
(4) wiping off the accumulated glaze at the foot part of the glaze blank;
(5) inspecting the appearance of the glaze blank;
(6) and (3) carrying out a firing process on the glaze blank without defects on the appearance, controlling the firing temperature to be 1255 ℃ and controlling the firing period to be 10.5 hours, thus obtaining the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions.
Compared with the embodiment 4, the comparative example 1 is that the albite is completely changed into the potassium feldspar, when the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is adopted for glazing, glazing can be completed by one-time glaze dipping inside and outside, the glazing process is simple, and the production cost is low; the bonding force between the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze and the blank is weak, and the silver antibacterial carrier can fall off after glazing and sintering, so that the antibacterial effect of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic tableware produced is poor; the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions prepared by the embodiment is detected by a third authority department, the antibacterial rate of escherichia coli reaches 88.6%, and the antibacterial rate of staphylococcus aureus reaches 89.3%.
Comparative example 2:
an antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 115 parts of basic glaze and 5.3 parts of nano-silver antibacterial agent;
the basic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 41 parts of albite, 8.5 parts of cooked talc, 10.5 parts of limestone, 18.5 parts of quartz, 2.5 parts of barium carbonate, 2.5 parts of strontium carbonate, 7.5 parts of clinker and 8.5 parts of kaolin; the frit comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 62.96% of silicon oxide, 8.63% of aluminum oxide, 0.17% of ferric oxide, 0.015% of titanium dioxide, 19.695% of calcium oxide, 3.68% of magnesium oxide, 3.38% of potassium oxide, 1.27% of sodium oxide and 0.20% of ignition loss;
the fineness of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is controlled to be 0.02-0.04% of the rest of a ten-thousand-hole sieve;
the manufacturing method of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a base glaze of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze according to the formula of the base glaze to obtain a mixed base glaze;
2) putting the mixed base glaze into a wet ball mill for ball milling, discharging slurry and sieving a screen to obtain a primary material;
3) removing iron from the primary material to obtain iron-removed mixed base glaze;
4) and (3) adding a nano-silver antibacterial agent into the mixed base glaze, and mixing and stirring for 45min to obtain the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze.
A preparation method of ceramic tableware with antibacterial self-cleaning function comprises the following steps:
(1) blank trimming is carried out on the blank to obtain a trimmed blank;
(2) washing the trimmed blank with water to obtain a washed blank;
(3) carrying out internal and external one-time glaze dipping on the washed water blank, controlling the thickness of a glaze layer to be 0.13mm, controlling the specific gravity of glaze water to be 149 g/100 ml, and controlling the concentration of glaze to be 49 baume degrees;
(4) wiping off the accumulated glaze at the foot part of the glaze blank;
(5) inspecting the appearance of the glaze blank;
(6) and (3) delivering the glaze blank without defects in appearance to a firing process, controlling the firing temperature to be 1255 ℃ and controlling the firing period to be 10.5h, thus obtaining the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions.
Compared with the embodiment 4, the comparison example 2 is that the potassium feldspar is entirely changed into the albite, when the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is adopted for glazing, glazing can be completed by one-time glaze dipping inside and outside, the glazing process is simple, and the production cost is low; the bonding force between the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze and the blank is weak, and the silver antibacterial carrier can fall off after glazing and sintering, so that the antibacterial effect of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic tableware produced is poor; according to the detection of a third authority department, the antibacterial rate of escherichia coli of the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions reaches 87.4%, and the antibacterial rate of staphylococcus aureus reaches 89.5%.
Comparative example 3:
an antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 115 parts of base glaze and 5.3 parts of nano silver antibacterial agent;
the basic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 22 parts of potash feldspar, 19 parts of albite, 8.5 parts of cooked talc, 10.5 parts of limestone, 18.5 parts of quartz, 5 parts of barium carbonate, 7.5 parts of frit and 8.5 parts of kaolin; the frit comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 62.96% of silicon oxide, 8.63% of aluminum oxide, 0.17% of ferric oxide, 0.015% of titanium dioxide, 19.695% of calcium oxide, 3.68% of magnesium oxide, 3.38% of potassium oxide, 1.27% of sodium oxide and 0.20% of ignition loss;
the fineness of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is controlled to be 0.02-0.04% of the rest of a ten-thousand-hole sieve;
the manufacturing method of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a base glaze of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze according to the formula of the base glaze to obtain a mixed base glaze;
2) putting the mixed base glaze into a wet ball mill for ball milling, discharging slurry and sieving a screen to obtain a primary material;
3) removing iron from the primary material to obtain iron-removed mixed base glaze;
4) and (3) adding a nano-silver antibacterial agent into the mixed base glaze, and mixing and stirring for 45min to obtain the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze.
A preparation method of ceramic tableware with antibacterial self-cleaning function comprises the following steps:
(1) blank trimming is carried out on the blank to obtain a trimmed blank;
(2) washing the trimmed blank with water to obtain a washed blank;
(3) carrying out internal and external one-time glaze dipping on the washed water blank, controlling the thickness of a glaze layer to be 0.13mm, controlling the specific gravity of glaze water to be 149 g/100 ml, and controlling the concentration of glaze to be 49 baume degrees;
(4) wiping off the accumulated glaze at the foot part of the glaze blank;
(5) inspecting the appearance of the glaze blank;
(6) and (3) delivering the glaze blank without defects in appearance to a firing process, controlling the firing temperature to be 1255 ℃ and controlling the firing period to be 10.5h, thus obtaining the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions.
Compared with the embodiment 4, the comparison example 3 is that the total strontium carbonate is changed into barium carbonate, when the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is adopted for glazing, glazing can be completed by one-time glaze dipping inside and outside, the glazing process is simple, and the production cost is low; the bonding force between the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze and the blank is weak, and the silver antibacterial carrier can fall off after glazing and sintering, so that the antibacterial effect of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic tableware produced is poor; the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions, which is prepared by the embodiment, is detected by a third authority department, and the antibacterial rate of escherichia coli reaches 89.7%, and the antibacterial rate of staphylococcus aureus reaches 86.2%.
Comparative example 4:
an antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 115 parts of basic glaze and 5.3 parts of nano-silver antibacterial agent;
the basic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 22 parts of potash feldspar, 19 parts of albite, 8.5 parts of cooked talc, 10.5 parts of limestone, 18.5 parts of quartz, 5 parts of strontium carbonate, 7.5 parts of frit and 8.5 parts of kaolin; the frit comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 62.96% of silicon oxide, 8.63% of aluminum oxide, 0.17% of ferric oxide, 0.015% of titanium dioxide, 19.695% of calcium oxide, 3.68% of magnesium oxide, 3.38% of potassium oxide, 1.27% of sodium oxide and 0.20% of ignition loss;
the fineness of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is controlled to be 0.02-0.04% of the rest of a ten-thousand-hole sieve;
the manufacturing method of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a base glaze of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze according to the formula of the base glaze to obtain a mixed base glaze;
2) putting the mixed base glaze into a wet ball mill for ball milling, discharging slurry and sieving a screen to obtain a primary material;
3) removing iron from the primary material to obtain iron-removed mixed base glaze;
4) and (3) adding a nano-silver antibacterial agent into the mixed base glaze, and mixing and stirring for 45min to obtain the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze.
A preparation method of ceramic tableware with antibacterial self-cleaning function comprises the following steps:
(1) blank trimming is carried out on the blank to obtain a trimmed blank;
(2) washing the trimmed blank with water to obtain a washed blank;
(3) carrying out internal and external one-time glaze dipping on the washed water blank, controlling the thickness of a glaze layer to be 0.13mm, controlling the specific gravity of glaze water to be 149 g/100 ml, and controlling the concentration of glaze to be 49 baume degrees;
(4) wiping off the accumulated glaze at the foot part of the glaze blank;
(5) inspecting the appearance of the glaze blank;
(6) and (3) delivering the glaze blank without defects in appearance to a firing process, controlling the firing temperature to be 1255 ℃ and controlling the firing period to be 10.5h, thus obtaining the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions.
Compared with the embodiment 4, the comparison example 4 is that strontium carbonate is replaced by barium carbonate, when the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is adopted for glazing, glazing can be completed by one-time glaze dipping inside and outside, the glazing process is simple, and the production cost is low; the bonding force between the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze and the blank is weak, and the silver antibacterial carrier can fall off after glazing and sintering, so that the antibacterial effect of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic tableware produced is poor; the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions, which is prepared by the embodiment, is detected by a third authority department, and the antibacterial rate of escherichia coli reaches 86.2%, and the antibacterial rate of staphylococcus aureus reaches 87.1%.
According to the appearance inspection results and the product detection results of the glaze blanks in the embodiments 1-4 and the comparative examples 1-4, when the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze disclosed by the invention is used for glazing, glazing can be completed by one-time glazing inside and outside, the glazing process is simple, and the production cost is low; the binding force between the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze and the blank piece is strong, and after glazing and sintering, the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze can be uniformly dispersed in a glaze layer on the surface of the ceramic and can exist for a long time, so that the silver antibacterial carrier can not fall off, and the antibacterial effect of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic tableware produced is good; the prepared ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions is detected by a third-party authority department, the antibacterial rate of escherichia coli reaches over 99 percent, the antibacterial rate of staphylococcus aureus reaches over 99 percent, and the antibacterial effect of the ceramic tableware is far superior to the national standard and the industrial standard.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of base glaze and 5-6 parts of nano-silver antibacterial agent;
the basic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-24 parts of potash feldspar, 18-20 parts of albite, 7-9 parts of cooked talc, 9-11 parts of limestone, 17-19 parts of quartz, 2-4 parts of barium carbonate, 2-4 parts of strontium carbonate, 7-9 parts of frit and 8-10 parts of kaolin.
2. The antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze according to claim 1, wherein the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze consists of the following components in parts by weight: 110 parts of base glaze and 5.5 parts of nano-silver antibacterial agent;
the basic glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 22 parts of potash feldspar, 19 parts of albite, 8 parts of cooked talc, 10 parts of limestone, 18 parts of quartz, 3 parts of barium carbonate, 3 parts of strontium carbonate, 8 parts of frit and 9 parts of kaolin.
3. The antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze material according to claim 1, wherein the frit comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 62.96% of silicon oxide, 8.63% of aluminum oxide, 0.17% of ferric oxide, 0.015% of titanium dioxide, 19.695% of calcium oxide, 3.68% of magnesium oxide, 3.38% of potassium oxide, 1.27% of sodium oxide and 0.20% of ignition loss.
4. The antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fineness of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze material is controlled to be 0.02-0.04% of the rest of a ten thousand-hole sieve.
5. The antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze according to claim 1, wherein the firing temperature of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze is controlled within 1250 ℃ to 1270 ℃.
6. The method for making antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze of any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing a base glaze of the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze according to the formula of the base glaze to obtain a mixed base glaze;
2) putting the mixed base glaze into a wet ball mill for ball milling, discharging slurry and sieving a screen to obtain a primary material;
3) removing iron from the primary material to obtain iron-removed mixed base glaze;
4) and (3) adding a nano silver antibacterial agent into the mixed base glaze, and mixing and stirring for 30-50 min to obtain the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze.
7. A ceramic tableware with antibacterial self-cleaning function, characterized in that the glaze used for the ceramic tableware is the antibacterial self-cleaning ceramic glaze of any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. The preparation method of ceramic tableware with antibacterial self-cleaning function according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) blank trimming is carried out on the blank to obtain a trimmed blank;
(2) washing the trimmed blank with water to obtain a washed blank;
(3) carrying out internal and external one-time glaze dipping on the washed water blank, controlling the thickness of a glaze layer to be 0.10-0.15 mm, controlling the specific gravity of glaze water to be 148-100-150 g/100 ml, and controlling the concentration of glaze to be 48-50 baume;
(4) wiping off the accumulated glaze at the foot part of the glaze blank;
(5) inspecting the appearance of the glaze blank;
(6) and (3) delivering the glaze blank without defects in appearance to a firing process, controlling the firing temperature to be 1255-1265 ℃ and the firing period to be 9-11 h, thus obtaining the ceramic tableware with the antibacterial and self-cleaning functions.
9. The method for preparing ceramic tableware with antibacterial self-cleaning function according to claim 8, wherein in the step (3), the washing blank is subjected to one-time glaze dipping inside and outside, the thickness of the glaze layer is controlled to be 0.12mm, the specific gravity of the glaze water is controlled to be 149 g/100 ml, and the concentration of the glaze is controlled to be 49 baume degrees.
10. The method for preparing ceramic tableware with antibacterial and self-cleaning functions as claimed in claim 8, wherein in step (6), the glaze blank with no defects in appearance is sent to a firing process, the firing temperature is controlled at 1260 ℃, and the firing period is controlled at 10h, so that the ceramic tableware with antibacterial and self-cleaning functions is obtained.
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