CN114433350A - Comprehensive recovery process for altered rock type gold, silver, lead and sulfur ore - Google Patents
Comprehensive recovery process for altered rock type gold, silver, lead and sulfur ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN114433350A CN114433350A CN202111567797.XA CN202111567797A CN114433350A CN 114433350 A CN114433350 A CN 114433350A CN 202111567797 A CN202111567797 A CN 202111567797A CN 114433350 A CN114433350 A CN 114433350A
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- lead
- floatable
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 263
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 263
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 263
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 249
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 249
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 201
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title abstract description 47
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 248
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- LWUVWAREOOAHDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Pb] LWUVWAREOOAHDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- CONMNFZLRNYHIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbutoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCOC(S)=S CONMNFZLRNYHIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- TUZCOAQWCRRVIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCCCOC(S)=S TUZCOAQWCRRVIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 silver and sulfur Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 10
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NTZRDKVFLPLTPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC[Na] Chemical compound CC[Na] NTZRDKVFLPLTPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010665 pine oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- DSCFFEYYQKSRSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1L-O1-methyl-muco-inositol Natural products COC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O DSCFFEYYQKSRSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VJXUJFAZXQOXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-1-O-Methyl-muco-inositol Natural products CC12C(OC)(C)OC(C)(C)C2CC(=O)C(C23OC2C(=O)O2)(C)C1CCC3(C)C2C=1C=COC=1 VJXUJFAZXQOXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DSCFFEYYQKSRSV-KLJZZCKASA-N D-pinitol Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O DSCFFEYYQKSRSV-KLJZZCKASA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- APYGBEXYIRZQJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].C(C)[S] Chemical compound [N].C(C)[S] APYGBEXYIRZQJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- LSMRBAGORXFPAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold;sulfanylidenesilver Chemical compound [Au].[Ag]=S LSMRBAGORXFPAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- PGWMQVQLSMAHHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenesilver Chemical compound [Ag]=S PGWMQVQLSMAHHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- RIZMRRKBZQXFOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethion Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)SCSP(=S)(OCC)OCC RIZMRRKBZQXFOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GGLZPLKKBSSKCX-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-ethionine Chemical compound CCSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O GGLZPLKKBSSKCX-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B1/00—Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
- B03D1/025—Froth-flotation processes adapted for the flotation of fines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention relates to a process for comprehensively recovering altered rock type gold, silver, lead and sulfur ores, which comprises the steps of coarsely crushing, finely crushing and screening the ores, grinding and grading the ores, performing flotation on overflow ore pulp, namely performing floatation of lead such as gold and silver, wherein the flotation comprises three operations of coarsely separating the floatable lead such as the gold and the silver, finely separating the floatable lead such as the gold and the silver 1, finely separating the floatable lead such as the gold and the silver 2 and finely separating the floatable lead such as the gold and the silver 3 to obtain a lead-gold-silver concentrate product; the middlings of the lead flotation of gold, silver and the like enter the gold flotation of silver, sulfur and the like, and the gold flotation comprises five operations of roughing 1 of floatable gold of silver, sulfur and the like, roughing 2 of floatable gold of silver, sulfur and the like, finely selecting floatable gold of silver, sulfur and the like, scavenging 1 of floatable gold of silver, sulfur and the like, and scavenging 2 of floatable gold of silver, sulfur and the like, so as to obtain a gold-silver-sulfur concentrate product; gold is extracted from the lead-silver concentrate by a cyaniding leaching method, and the leached tailings are sold as the lead-silver concentrate. The process fully considers the floatability of different minerals, improves the metal recovery rate, and has the gold recovery rate of more than 95%, the silver recovery rate of more than 96%, the lead recovery rate of more than 91% and the sulfur recovery rate of more than 78%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral washing and processing, and particularly relates to a comprehensive recovery process of altered rock type gold, silver, lead and sulfur ores.
Background
The altered rock type gold-silver-lead-sulfur ore belongs to altered rock type multi-metal ore and contains various valuable components, wherein the gold grade is 2-4 g/t, the silver grade is 30-40 g/t, the lead grade is 0.6-1.2% and the sulfur grade is 2-4%. The metal ore adopts a direct leaching process, and the leaching rate of gold is only 65-70%, the leaching rate of silver is 40-45%, and the leaching rates of gold and silver are low, so that the metal ore belongs to the difficult-to-leach ore, regardless of cyaniding leaching or environmental-friendly gold extraction agent leaching.
The existing ore multi-selection mixed flotation process carries out mixed flotation on gold, silver, lead and sulfur to obtain gold-silver-lead-sulfur mixed concentrate, wherein the gold recovery rate is 90-93%, the silver recovery rate is 81-83%, the lead recovery rate is 86-88% and the sulfur recovery rate is 76-79%. The sale of the gold, silver, lead and sulfur bulk concentrates only charges gold and silver, but not charges lead, because the lead grade in the bulk concentrates is 8-12%, the lead in the bulk concentrates belongs to harmful impurity elements for gold smelting enterprises, the lead content exceeds the standard, and the smelting enterprises need to additionally charge smelting cost. In addition, the lead in the gold, silver, lead and sulfur bulk concentrate has too low grade for lead smelting enterprises, directly influences the whole selling price and is not more economical.
Therefore, a new mineral processing technology needs to be invented for the altered rock type gold, silver, lead and sulfur ores urgently, the comprehensive utilization rate of resources of enterprises is improved, the technological level of the enterprises is improved, the green mine construction is promoted, and the economic benefit of the enterprises is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a comprehensive recovery process of altered rock type gold, silver, lead and sulfur ores, which fully considers the floatability of different minerals, improves the metal recovery rate, has the gold recovery rate of more than 95 percent, the silver recovery rate of more than 96 percent and the lead recovery rate of more than 91 percent, and improves the comprehensive utilization level of enterprises.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a process for comprehensively recovering altered rock type bullion, plumbum and sulfur ores comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: crushing (coarse crushing and fine crushing) and screening the altered rock type gold, silver, lead and sulfur ores to obtain ores with the granularity of less than 12 mm;
the second step is that: the crushed and screened ore enters wet grinding and wet grading operation, the fineness of graded overflow ore pulp is controlled to be-0.074 mm and accounts for 67-73%, and the mass concentration of the ore pulp is controlled to be 30-35%;
the third step: the graded overflow pulp enters floatation lead roughing operation of gold, silver and the like, a gold, silver and most lead are floated by adding a gold, silver and the like collecting agent and a foaming agent, a foam product enters floatation lead roughing operation of gold, silver and the like for 1 time, and a middling product enters floatation lead roughing operation of silver, sulfur and the like for 1 time;
1, selecting floatable lead such as gold and silver for 1 time, adding a sulfur mineral inhibitor, selecting the floatable lead such as gold and silver for 2 times, and returning middlings to the roughing operation of the floatable lead such as gold and silver;
the fourth step: 2 times of fine selection of floatable lead such as gold and silver, adding a sulfur mineral inhibitor, enabling foam products to enter 3 times of fine selection of floatable lead such as gold and silver, and returning middlings to the fine selection of floatable lead such as gold and silver for 1 time;
the fifth step: the floatation of lead such as gold, silver and the like is carried out for 3 times, the middlings are returned to the floatation of lead such as gold, silver and the like for 2 times, and the foam product is the lead, gold and silver concentrate product. The lead-silver concentrate product adopts a cyaniding leaching method to extract gold, the gold leaching rate is over 91 percent, and the leached tailings are sold as lead-silver concentrate.
Specifically, in the third step, the gold, silver and lead collecting agent is formed by mixing ethyl sodium black powder and ethionine in a mass ratio of 1:3-5, the addition amount of the gold, silver and lead collecting agent is 15 g/t-25 g/t ore, a foaming agent is pine oil, and the addition amount of the foaming agent is 20 g/t-40 g/t ore.
Specifically, in the third and fourth steps, the sulfur mineral inhibitor is formed by mixing sodium hydroxide and lime in a mass ratio of 1: 5-6; in the third step, the addition amount of the sulfur mineral inhibitor is 500-1000 g/t of ore, and in the fourth step, the addition amount of the sulfur mineral inhibitor is 300-800 g/t of ore.
The process for comprehensively recovering the altered rock type bullion, plumbum and sulfur ores further comprises the following steps:
and a sixth step: 1, roughing 1 time of floatable gold such as silver and sulfur, adding a gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent and a foaming agent, and allowing middlings to enter the floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for roughing 2 times to obtain a foam product, namely a gold, silver and sulfur concentrate 1 product;
the seventh step: roughing floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 2 times, adding a gold, silver and sulfur mineral activating agent, a gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent and a foaming agent, scavenging the middlings for 1 time, and concentrating the foamed products for floatable gold such as silver and sulfur;
eighth step: the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out fine concentration operation on floatable gold such as silver, sulfur and the like, returning middling products to the coarse concentration operation of the floatable gold such as silver, sulfur and the like for 2 times, and obtaining foam products, namely gold, silver and sulfur concentrate 2 products; and (3) uniformly mixing the gold, silver and sulfur concentrate 1 and the gold, silver and sulfur concentrate 2 to obtain the gold, silver and sulfur concentrate.
Specifically, in the sixth and seventh steps, the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent is formed by mixing isoamyl xanthate and butyl xanthate in a mass ratio of 3-4: 1; the addition amount of the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent in the sixth step is 30-100 g/t of ore, and the addition amount of the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent in the seventh step is 50-120 g/t of ore.
Specifically, in the sixth step and the seventh step, the foaming agent is the terpineol oil, the addition amount of the foaming agent in the sixth step is 30 g/t-100 g/t ore, and the addition amount of the foaming agent in the seventh step is 50 g/t-120 g/t ore.
Furthermore, in the seventh step, the gold, silver and sulfur mineral activating agent is formed by mixing ammonium sulfate and copper sulfate according to the mass ratio of 1:2-5, and the addition amount of the gold, silver and sulfur mineral activating agent is 30 g/t-300 g/t ore.
The process for comprehensively recovering the altered rock type bullion, plumbum and sulfur ores further comprises the following steps:
the ninth step: scavenging floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 1 time, adding gold, silver, sulfur ore collecting agent and foaming agent pinitol oil, scavenging the middlings into the floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 2 times, and returning foam products to the floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 2 times of roughing; the addition amount of the foaming agent is 30 g/t-50 g/t ore;
the tenth step: carrying out scavenging on floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 2 times, adding a gold, silver and sulfur mineral activating agent, a gold, silver and sulfur collecting agent and a foaming agent terpineol oil, returning a foam product to the scavenging on the floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 1 time, wherein middlings are tailings, and the tailings enter a tailing pond for stacking; the addition amount of the foaming agent is 10 g/t-50 g/t ore;
the eleventh step: the lead-gold-silver concentrate is subjected to size mixing, the concentration of the ore pulp is controlled to be 40-45%, the using amount of sodium hydroxide is 3000-5000 g/t, the pH of the ore pulp is controlled to be not less than 11, air is charged and the ore pulp is stirred and leached, the concentration of cyanide ions is kept to be 0.2-0.3%, the leaching time is 32-44 h, the gold leaching rate is 91-93%, silver is leached in trace amount, lead is not leached, and the leaching tailings are the lead-silver concentrate.
Specifically, in the ninth and tenth steps, the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent is formed by mixing isoamyl xanthate and butyl xanthate in a mass ratio of 3-4: 1; the addition amount of the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent in the ninth step is 30-50 g/t of ore, and the addition amount of the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent in the tenth step is 10-50 g/t of ore.
Specifically, in the tenth step, the gold, silver and sulfur mineral activator is formed by mixing ammonium sulfate and copper sulfate according to the mass ratio of 1:2-5, the addition amount of the gold, silver and sulfur mineral activator is 10 g/t-100 g/t ore,
in the process, the rock-altered gold, silver, lead and sulfur ore is subjected to conventional coarse crushing, fine crushing, screening and the like, the particle size of the final ore product is controlled to be less than 12mm, the crushed and screened ore product enters ore grinding and grading operation, the mass concentration of graded overflow ore pulp is controlled to be 30-35%, the fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 67-73%, the overflow ore pulp enters flotation operation, firstly, the flotation of the lead such as gold and silver is performed, and the flotation operation comprises three operations of the coarse flotation of the lead such as gold and silver, the fine flotation 2 of the lead such as gold and silver and the fine flotation 3 of the lead such as gold and silver, and the lead and gold and silver concentrate product is obtained; the middlings of the gold, the silver and the like which can be subjected to lead flotation are subjected to gold flotation such as silver and sulfur flotation, and the gold flotation comprises five operations including roughing 1 of floatable gold such as silver and sulfur, roughing 2 of floatable gold such as silver and sulfur, fine concentration of floatable gold such as silver and sulfur, scavenging 1 of floatable gold such as silver and sulfur and scavenging 2 of floatable gold such as silver and sulfur, so that a gold and sulfur concentrate product is obtained. The process is suitable for comprehensive recycling of complex and difficult-to-treat multi-element gold ore, lead ore and silver ore.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) short-process flotation, lead flotation operations such as gold and silver only comprise roughing and fine selection, scavenging is not needed, and the process flow is simple; the lead-gold-silver concentrate product is extracted by a leaching method, and the gold leaching rate is over 91 percent;
2) the floatation of the gold such as silver, sulfur and the like adopts a secondary roughing process, and concentrate is directly produced by primary concentration, so that the floatation efficiency is effectively improved;
3) the process design fully considers the floatability of different minerals, improves the metal recovery rate, has the gold recovery rate of more than 95 percent, the silver recovery rate of more than 96 percent, the lead recovery rate of more than 91 percent and the sulfur recovery rate of more than 78 percent, and improves the comprehensive utilization level of enterprises.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the comprehensive recovery process of altered rock type bullion, plumbum and sulfur ore.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, all refer to mass percent concentrations.
Example 1
A process for comprehensively recovering altered rock type bullion, plumbum and sulfur ores comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: carrying out coarse crushing, fine crushing, screening and the like on the altered rock type gold, silver, lead and sulfur ores, wherein the granularity of final products is smaller than 12 mm;
the second step is that: the crushed and screened ore enters wet grinding and wet grading operation, the grading overflow fineness is controlled to be-0.074 mm, the percentage of the grading overflow is 69%, and the concentration is 32%;
the third step: the graded overflow ore pulp enters the roughing operation of floatable lead such as gold and silver, a gold and silver lead collecting agent, a foaming agent and the like are added to float part of gold, silver and most of lead, the foam product enters the roughing operation of floatable lead such as gold and silver for 1 time, and the middling product enters the roughing operation of floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 1 time. The gold, silver and lead collecting agent is a mixture of ethyl sodium black powder and ethion and nitrogen (the mass ratio is 1: 3), and the addition amount is 15g/t ore; the foaming agent is terpineol oil, and the addition amount of the foaming agent is 30g/t ore;
the floatation of lead such as gold and silver is carried out for 1 time, the sulfur mineral inhibitor is added, the foam product enters the floatation of lead such as gold and silver for 2 times, and the middlings return to the roughing of lead such as gold and silver. The sulfur mineral inhibitor is a mixture of sodium hydroxide and lime (the mass ratio is 1: 5), and the addition amount is 600g/t ore;
the fourth step: the floatation of lead such as gold and silver is carried out for 2 times, the sulfur mineral inhibitor is added, the foam product enters the floatation of lead such as gold and silver for 3 times, and the middlings return to the floatation of lead such as gold and silver for 1 time. The sulfur mineral inhibitor is a mixture of sodium hydroxide and lime (the mass ratio is 1: 5), and the addition amount is 300g/t ore;
the fifth step: the floatation of lead such as gold, silver and the like is carried out for 3 times, the middlings are returned to the floatation of lead such as gold, silver and the like for 2 times, and the foam product is the lead, gold and silver concentrate product.
And a sixth step: 1-time operation of silver-sulfur and other floatable gold roughing, adding a gold-silver-sulfur mineral collecting agent, a foaming agent and the like, and enabling middlings to enter silver-sulfur and other floatable gold roughing for 2 times, wherein a foam product is a gold-silver-sulfur concentrate 1 product. The gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent is a mixture (mass ratio is 4: 1) of isoamyl xanthate and butyl xanthate, and the addition amount of the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent is 80g/t ore; the foaming agent is terpineol oil, and the addition amount is 40g/t ore;
the seventh step: roughing floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 2 times, adding a gold, silver and sulfur mineral activating agent, a gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent, a foaming agent and the like, carrying out scavenging on the middlings for 1 time, and carrying out floatation gold concentration on foam products such as silver and sulfur. The gold, silver and sulfur mineral activating agent is a mixture of ammonium sulfate and copper sulfate (the mass ratio is 1: 2), and the addition amount is 100g/t ore; the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent is a mixture (mass ratio is 4: 1) of isoamyl xanthate and butyl xanthate, and the addition amount is 60g/t ore; the foaming agent is terpineol oil, and the addition amount is 60g/t ore;
eighth step: and (3) carrying out concentration operation on floatable gold such as silver and sulfur, returning the middling products to roughen the floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 2 times, and obtaining foam products, namely gold and silver sulfur concentrate 2 products. And (3) uniformly mixing the gold, silver and sulfur concentrate 1 and the gold, silver and sulfur concentrate 2 to obtain the gold, silver and sulfur concentrate.
The ninth step: and (3) scavenging floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 1 time, adding a gold, silver and sulfur ore collecting agent, a foaming agent and the like, allowing middlings to enter the silver and sulfur ore and other floatable gold for 2 times, and returning foam products to the silver and sulfur ore and other floatable gold for 2 times of roughing. The gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent is a mixture (mass ratio is 4: 1) of isoamyl xanthate and butyl xanthate, and the addition amount is 30g/t ore; the foaming agent is terpineol oil, and the addition amount of the foaming agent is 30g/t ore;
the tenth step: and (2) scavenging floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 2 times, adding a gold, silver and sulfur mineral activating agent, a gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent, a foaming agent and the like, returning the foam product to the scavenging floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 1 time, wherein middlings are tailings, and the tailings enter a tailing pond for stockpiling. The gold, silver and sulfur mineral activating agent is a mixture of ammonium sulfate and copper sulfate (the mass ratio is 1: 2), and the addition amount is 60g/t ore; the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent is a mixture (mass ratio is 4: 1) of isoamyl xanthate and butyl xanthate, and the addition amount is 20g/t ore; the foaming agent is terpineol oil, and the addition amount is 20g/t ore;
the eleventh step: mixing lead-gold-silver concentrate, controlling concentration of ore pulp to be 45%, using amount of sodium hydroxide to be 4800g/t, controlling pH of ore pulp to be 11-12, charging air and mixing (0.15L/m)3Ore pulp) is stirred and leached, the concentration of cyanide ions is kept to be 0.3%, the leaching time is 42h, the gold leaching rate is 92.8%, silver is leached in trace amount, lead is not leached, and the leaching tailings are lead-silver concentrate.
In the example 1, the original ore of the altered rock type bullion, plumbum and sulfur ore has the gold grade of 4.40g/t, the silver grade of 46.20g/t, the lead grade of 1.03 percent and the sulfur grade of 2.72 percent.
The yield of the lead-gold-silver concentrate is 1.88 percent, wherein the gold grade is 47.12g/t, the silver grade is 1924.3g/t, the lead grade is 47.31 percent, the sulfur grade is 19.90 percent, the gold recovery rate of the lead-gold-silver concentrate is 20.18 percent, the silver recovery rate is 78.48 percent, the lead recovery rate is 86.42 percent, and the sulfur recovery rate is 13.78 percent.
The yield of the gold, silver and sulfur concentrate is 7.75 percent, wherein the gold grade is 42.74g/t, the silver grade is 104.93g/t, the lead grade is 0.64 percent, the sulfur grade is 22.70 percent, the gold recovery rate of the gold, silver and sulfur concentrate is 75.30 percent, the silver recovery rate is 17.61 percent, the lead recovery rate is 4.81 percent, and the sulfur recovery rate is 64.71 percent.
The total recovery rate of gold is 95.48 percent, the total recovery rate of silver is 96.09 percent, the total recovery rate of lead is 91.23 percent, and the total recovery rate of sulfur is 78.49 percent, which is far superior to the prior flotation process of mixing gold, silver, lead and sulfur.
Example 2
A process for comprehensively recovering altered rock type bullion, plumbum and sulfur ores comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: carrying out coarse crushing, fine crushing, screening and the like on the altered rock type gold, silver, lead and sulfur ores, wherein the granularity of final products is smaller than 12 mm;
the second step is that: the crushed and screened ore enters wet grinding and wet grading operation, the grading overflow fineness is controlled to be-0.074 mm and accounts for 72 percent, and the concentration is controlled to be 34 percent;
the third step: the graded overflow ore pulp enters the roughing operation of floatable lead such as gold and silver, a gold and silver lead collecting agent, a foaming agent and the like are added to float part of gold, silver and most of lead, the foam product enters the roughing operation of floatable lead such as gold and silver for 1 time, and the middling product enters the roughing operation of floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 1 time. The gold, silver and lead collecting agent is a mixture of ethyl sodium black powder and ethion and nitrogen (the mass ratio is 1: 5), and the addition amount is 25g/t ore; the foaming agent is terpineol oil, and the addition amount is 40g/t ore;
the floatation of lead such as gold and silver is carried out for 1 time, the sulfur mineral inhibitor is added, the foam product enters the floatation of lead such as gold and silver for 2 times, and the middlings return to the roughing of lead such as gold and silver. The sulfur mineral inhibitor is a mixture of sodium hydroxide and lime (mass ratio is 1: 6), and the addition amount is 900g/t ore;
the fourth step: the floatation of lead such as gold and silver is carried out for 2 times, the sulfur mineral inhibitor is added, the foam product enters the floatation of lead such as gold and silver for 3 times, and the middlings return to the floatation of lead such as gold and silver for 1 time. The sulfur mineral inhibitor is a mixture of sodium hydroxide and lime (the mass ratio is 1: 6), and the addition amount is 500g/t ore;
the fifth step: the floatation of lead such as gold, silver and the like is carried out for 3 times, the middlings are returned to the floatation of lead such as gold, silver and the like for 2 times, and the foam product is the lead, gold and silver concentrate product.
And a sixth step: 1-time operation of silver-sulfur and other floatable gold roughing, adding a gold-silver-sulfur mineral collecting agent, a foaming agent and the like, and 2-time operation of silver-sulfur and other floatable gold roughing of middlings, wherein a foam product is a gold-silver-sulfur concentrate 1 product. The gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent is a mixture (mass ratio is 3: 1) of isoamyl xanthate and butyl xanthate, and the addition amount is 90g/t ore; the foaming agent is terpineol oil, and the addition amount is 60g/t ore;
the seventh step: roughing floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 2 times, adding a gold, silver and sulfur mineral activating agent, a gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent, a foaming agent and the like, carrying out scavenging on the middlings for 1 time, and carrying out floatation gold concentration on foam products such as silver and sulfur. The gold, silver and sulfur mineral activating agent is a mixture of ammonium sulfate and copper sulfate (the mass ratio is 1: 4), and the addition amount is 200g/t ore; the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent is a mixture (mass ratio is 3: 1) of isoamyl xanthate and butyl xanthate, and the addition amount of the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent is 70g/t ore; the foaming agent is terpineol oil, and the addition amount is 70g/t ore;
eighth step: and (3) carrying out concentration operation on floatable gold such as silver and sulfur, returning the middling products to roughen the floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 2 times, and obtaining foam products, namely gold and silver sulfur concentrate 2 products. And (3) uniformly mixing the gold, silver and sulfur concentrate 1 and the gold, silver and sulfur concentrate 2 to obtain the gold, silver and sulfur concentrate.
The ninth step: and (3) scavenging floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 1 time, adding a gold, silver and sulfur ore collecting agent, a foaming agent and the like, allowing middlings to enter the silver and sulfur ore and other floatable gold for 2 times, and returning foam products to the silver and sulfur ore and other floatable gold for 2 times of roughing. The gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent is a mixture (mass ratio is 3: 1) of isoamyl xanthate and butyl xanthate, and the addition amount of the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent is 50g/t ore; the foaming agent is terpineol oil, and the addition amount is 40g/t ore;
the tenth step: scavenging floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 2 times, adding a gold, silver and sulfur mineral activating agent, a gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent, a foaming agent and the like, returning a foam product to the floatation of the floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 1 time of operation, obtaining middlings which are tailings, and feeding the tailings into a tailing pond for stockpiling. The gold, silver and sulfur mineral activating agent is a mixture of ammonium sulfate and copper sulfate (the mass ratio is 1: 4), and the addition amount is 40g/t ore; the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent is a mixture (mass ratio is 3: 1) of isoamyl xanthate and butyl xanthate, and the addition amount is 30g/t ore; the foaming agent is terpineol oil, and the addition amount of the foaming agent is 30g/t ore;
the eleventh step: mixing the lead-gold-silver concentrate, controlling the concentration of the ore pulp to be 41 percent, the dosage of sodium hydroxide to be 3300g/t, controlling the pH of the ore pulp to be 11-12, charging air (0.15L/m)3Ore pulp) is stirred and leached, the concentration of cyanide ions is kept to be 0.2%, the leaching time is 35 hours, the gold leaching rate is 91.5%, silver is slightly leached, lead is not leached, and the leaching tailings are lead-silver concentrate.
In the example 2, the original ore of the altered rock type bullion, plumbum and sulfur ore has the gold grade of 3.30g/t, the silver grade of 32.80g/t, the lead grade of 1.16% and the sulfur grade of 2.63%.
The yield of the lead-gold-silver concentrate is 1.74 percent, wherein the gold grade is 49.22g/t, the silver grade is 1272.7g/t, the lead grade is 59.39 percent, the sulfur grade is 20.97 percent, the gold recovery rate of the lead-gold-silver concentrate is 25.95 percent, the silver recovery rate is 67.52 percent, the lead recovery rate is 89.09 percent, and the sulfur recovery rate is 13.87 percent.
The yield of the gold, silver and sulfur concentrate is 7.39%, wherein the gold grade is 31.22g/t, the silver grade is 122.46g/t, the lead grade is 0.65%, the sulfur grade is 23.11%, the gold recovery rate of the gold, silver and sulfur concentrate is 69.91%, the silver recovery rate is 27.59%, the lead recovery rate is 4.14% and the sulfur recovery rate is 64.95%.
The total recovery rate of gold is 95.86%, the total recovery rate of silver is 95.11%, the total recovery rate of lead is 93.22%, and the total recovery rate of sulfur is 78.82%, which is far superior to the existing gold, silver, lead and sulfur mixed flotation process.
Claims (10)
1. A process for comprehensively recovering altered rock type gold, silver, lead and sulfur ores is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: crushing and screening the altered rock type gold, silver, lead and sulfur ores to obtain ores with the granularity of less than 12 mm;
the second step is that: the crushed and screened ore enters wet grinding and wet grading operation, the fineness of graded overflow ore pulp is controlled to be-0.074 mm and accounts for 67-73%, and the mass concentration of the ore pulp is controlled to be 30-35%;
the third step: the graded overflow pulp enters the roughing operation of floatable lead such as gold, silver and the like, a gold, silver and lead collecting agent and a foaming agent are added, the foam product enters the roughing operation of floatable lead such as gold, silver and the like for 1 time, and the middling product enters the roughing operation of floatable gold such as silver, sulfur and the like for 1 time;
1, selecting floatable lead such as gold and silver for 1 time, adding a sulfur mineral inhibitor, selecting the floatable lead such as gold and silver for 2 times, and returning middlings to the roughing operation of the floatable lead such as gold and silver;
the fourth step: 2 times of fine selection of floatable lead such as gold and silver, adding a sulfur mineral inhibitor, enabling foam products to enter 3 times of fine selection of floatable lead such as gold and silver, and returning middlings to the fine selection of floatable lead such as gold and silver for 1 time;
the fifth step: the floatation of lead such as gold, silver and the like is carried out for 3 times, the middlings are returned to the floatation of lead such as gold, silver and the like for 2 times, and the foam product is the lead, gold and silver concentrate product.
2. The process for comprehensively recovering altered rock type gold, silver, lead and sulfur ores as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, the gold, silver and lead collecting agent is formed by mixing ethyl sodium black and ethyl sulfur nitrogen in a mass ratio of 1:3-5, the addition amount of the gold, silver and lead collecting agent is 15 g/t-25 g/t of ore, a foaming agent is pine oil, and the addition amount of the foaming agent is 20 g/t-40 g/t of ore.
3. The process for comprehensively recovering altered rock type bullion, plumbum and sulfur ores as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third and fourth steps, the sulfur mineral inhibitor is prepared by mixing sodium hydroxide and lime in a mass ratio of 1: 5-6; in the third step, the addition amount of the sulfur mineral inhibitor is 500-1000 g/t of ore, and in the fourth step, the addition amount of the sulfur mineral inhibitor is 300-800 g/t of ore.
4. The process for comprehensively recovering altered rock type bullion, plumbum and sulfur ores as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
and a sixth step: 1, roughing 1 time of floatable gold such as silver and sulfur, adding a gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent and a foaming agent, and allowing middlings to enter the floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for roughing 2 times to obtain a foam product, namely a gold, silver and sulfur concentrate 1 product;
the seventh step: roughing floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 2 times, adding a gold, silver and sulfur mineral activating agent, a gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent and a foaming agent, scavenging the middlings for 1 time, and concentrating the foamed products for floatable gold such as silver and sulfur;
eighth step: the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out fine concentration operation on floatable gold such as silver, sulfur and the like, returning middling products to the coarse concentration operation of the floatable gold such as silver, sulfur and the like for 2 times, and obtaining foam products, namely gold, silver and sulfur concentrate 2 products; and (3) uniformly mixing the gold, silver and sulfur concentrate 1 and the gold, silver and sulfur concentrate 2 to obtain the gold, silver and sulfur concentrate.
5. The process for comprehensively recovering altered rock type gold, silver, lead and sulfur ores as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the sixth and seventh steps, the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent is formed by mixing isoamyl xanthate and butyl xanthate in a mass ratio of 3-4: 1; the addition amount of the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent in the sixth step is 30-100 g/t of ore, and the addition amount of the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent in the seventh step is 50-120 g/t of ore.
6. The process of claim 4, wherein in the sixth and seventh steps, the foaming agent is pine oil, the addition of the foaming agent in the sixth step is 30 g/t-100 g/t of ore, and the addition of the foaming agent in the seventh step is 50 g/t-120 g/t of ore.
7. The process for comprehensively recovering altered rock type gold, silver, lead and sulfur ores as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the seventh step, the gold, silver and sulfur ore activating agent is formed by mixing ammonium sulfate and copper sulfate in a mass ratio of 1:2-5, and the addition amount is 30 g/t-300 g/t ore.
8. The process for comprehensively recovering altered rock type bullion, plumbum and sulfur ores as claimed in claim 4, further comprising the steps of:
the ninth step: scavenging floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 1 time, adding gold, silver, sulfur ore collecting agent and foaming agent pinitol oil, scavenging the middlings into the floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 2 times, and returning foam products to the floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 2 times of roughing; the addition amount of the foaming agent is 30 g/t-50 g/t ore;
the tenth step: carrying out scavenging on floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 2 times, adding a gold, silver and sulfur mineral activating agent, a gold, silver and sulfur collecting agent and a foaming agent terpineol oil, returning a foam product to the scavenging on the floatable gold such as silver and sulfur for 1 time, wherein middlings are tailings, and the tailings enter a tailing pond for stacking; the addition amount of the foaming agent is 10 g/t-50 g/t ore;
the eleventh step: mixing the lead-silver concentrate, controlling the concentration of the ore pulp to be 40-45%, controlling the using amount of sodium hydroxide to be 3000-5000 g/t, controlling the pH value of the ore pulp to be not less than 11, charging air and stirring for leaching, keeping the concentration of cyanide ions to be 0.2-0.3%, and keeping the leaching time to be 32-44 h, wherein the leached tailings are the lead-silver concentrate.
9. The process for comprehensively recovering altered rock type gold, silver, lead and sulfur ores as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the ninth and tenth steps, the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent is formed by mixing isoamyl xanthate and butyl xanthate in a mass ratio of 3-4: 1; the addition amount of the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent in the ninth step is 30-50 g/t of ore, and the addition amount of the gold, silver and sulfur mineral collecting agent in the tenth step is 10-50 g/t of ore.
10. The process for comprehensively recovering altered rock type gold, silver, lead and sulfur ores as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the tenth step, the gold, silver and sulfur mineral activator is formed by mixing ammonium sulfate and copper sulfate in a mass ratio of 1:2-5, and the addition amount of the gold, silver and sulfur mineral activator is 10 g/t-100 g/t ore.
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