CN111495608A - Flotation process for efficiently recovering lead, zinc and sulfur in multi-metal sulfide ore - Google Patents
Flotation process for efficiently recovering lead, zinc and sulfur in multi-metal sulfide ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN111495608A CN111495608A CN202010406826.3A CN202010406826A CN111495608A CN 111495608 A CN111495608 A CN 111495608A CN 202010406826 A CN202010406826 A CN 202010406826A CN 111495608 A CN111495608 A CN 111495608A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/002—Inorganic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/012—Organic compounds containing sulfur
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/018—Mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/06—Depressants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral separation, relates to a flotation process flow and a reagent system of nonferrous multi-metal sulfide ore, and particularly relates to a flotation process and a reagent system for efficiently recovering lead, zinc and sulfur from lead-zinc-sulfur ore. In the preferential lead floating operation, zinc sulfate and sodium thioglycolate are adopted to inhibit zinc minerals, so that lead is efficiently separated from zinc sulfide, and zinc is efficiently separated from pyrite; in the preferential zinc floating operation, a lime and sodium sulfite sulfur inhibition process is adopted, so that zinc and pyrite are efficiently separated, and the quality and the recovery rate of lead concentrate and zinc concentrate are ensured. The flotation process and the medicament system of the lead-zinc-sulfur ore provided by the invention not only can efficiently recover lead, zinc and sulfur, but also greatly reduce the ore dressing cost, and have social and economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral separation, relates to a flotation process flow and a reagent system of nonferrous multi-metal sulfide ore, and particularly relates to a flotation process and a reagent system for efficiently recovering lead, zinc and sulfur from lead-zinc-sulfur ore.
Background
The lead and zinc resources of China are rich, and the reserve is proved to be in the forefront of the world. Most of lead-zinc-sulfur ores in China are multi-metal sulfide ores and are characterized in that mineral compositions are complex, mineral types are more, main metal minerals comprise pyrite, galena and sphalerite, the mineral embedding relationship in the ores is complex, the galena, sphalerite, pyrite and other metal minerals are combined to form a compact block aggregate, and a small amount of the metal minerals are distributed in gangue in a granular, irregular or pulse form. The mineral processing method is selected according to different properties of ores, and a flotation method is generally adopted. The flotation method comprises a priority flotation method, a mixed flotation method, an asynchronous flotation method and the like, and is selected according to the occurrence state and the laying relation of ores, and a reasonable chemical system and a process flow are determined according to the composition and the properties of minerals.
The natural floatability sequence of main metal minerals of pyrite, galena and blende in the lead-zinc-sulfur ore is as follows: galena, sphalerite and pyrite, so that most of mine production adopts a preferential flotation process flow, namely, lead flotation is performed firstly, zinc flotation is performed secondly, and sulfur flotation is performed finally; the process has the advantages of simple flow, easy operation and the like, but the beneficiation cost is higher, and the weighted average beneficiation cost of a beneficiation plant is 95.98 yuan/ton as shown by statistics of sampling survey data of small mines in China. Along with the continuous exploitation of national resources, many mines have the problems of resource exhaustion, follow-up resource failure and the like, and because the ore dressing cost is unchanged or increased due to the reduction of the grade of mineral resources, the profit is gradually reduced, even loss occurs, and many small-sized mines are closed due to production stoppage.
The prior art does not solve the technical problems, so that the development of a novel flotation technology for efficiently recovering lead, zinc and sulfur in lead-zinc-sulfur ores at low cost has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a flotation process flow and a medicament system for effectively recovering lead, zinc and sulfur in lead-zinc-sulfur ores, so that the lead, the zinc and the sulfur can be efficiently recovered, and the beneficiation cost is greatly reduced. A floatation process for efficiently recovering lead, zinc and sulfur from polymetallic sulfide ores comprises a floatation process flow and a medicament system of lead, zinc and sulfur in the lead-zinc-sulfur ores.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.
A flotation process for efficiently recovering lead, zinc and sulfur in multi-metal sulfide ores specifically comprises the following steps.
(1) And crushing, grinding and grading the raw ore, and overflowing to obtain raw ore pulp.
(2) Adding a collecting agent and a foaming agent into the raw ore pulp, and performing mixed flotation of lead, zinc and sulfur by adopting a one-coarse two-fine two-sweep process flow to obtain lead-zinc-sulfur mixed concentrate and tailing ore pulp.
(3) And adding activated carbon into the lead-zinc-sulfur bulk concentrate, and regrinding to obtain regrinding ore pulp of the lead-zinc-sulfur bulk concentrate.
(4) Adding zinc mineral, sulfur inhibitor, lead mineral collector and foaming agent into the reground ore pulp of the lead-zinc-sulfur mixed concentrate, and preferentially floating lead by adopting a one-coarse-three-fine-two-sweep process to obtain lead concentrate and lead-floating tailings.
(5) Adding a pyrite inhibitor, a zinc mineral activating agent, a zinc mineral collecting agent and a foaming agent into the lead flotation tailings, and preferentially floating zinc by adopting a one-coarse-three-fine-two-sweep process to obtain zinc concentrate and sulfur concentrate.
Preferably, in the step (1), the grinding fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 50-60% (weight percentage), and the concentration of the selected ore pulp is 30-45% (weight percentage).
Preferably, in the step (2), the first crude medicament is 50-100g/t of butyl xanthate and 25-40g/t of pine oil; the two scavenging agents are 10-30g/t of butyl xanthate and 5-15g/t of pinitol oil.
Preferably, in the step (3), the grinding fineness of-0.074 mm accounts for 90-95% (weight percentage); the mass of the added active carbon is 100-200 g/t.
Preferably, in the step (4), the zinc mineral and the pyrite inhibitor are apatite + zinc sulfate + sodium thioglycolate, and the dosage is respectively 500g/t + 300-.
Preferably, in the step (5), the pyrite inhibitor is lime + sodium sulfite, wherein the dosage of the lime is 300-600g/t, and the dosage of the sodium sulfite is 100-300 g/t; the zinc mineral activating agent is copper sulfate, and the dosage is 80-200 g/t; the zinc mineral collecting agent is butyl xanthate, and the dosage is 20-60 g/t; the foaming agent is terpineol oil, and the dosage is 5-30 g/t.
The raw ore is certain Liaoning lead-zinc ore, and the main metal minerals in the ore comprise pyrite, galena and sphalerite, and a small amount of minerals such as chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite, magnetite, hematite, trace silver tetrahedrite, chalcocite, copper blue and the like. The main non-metal minerals include carbonate minerals, quartz, muscovite, sericite, and small amount of feldspar and clay minerals.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows.
(1) The fineness of the lead-zinc-sulfur mixed flotation grinding is lower (-0.074 mm accounts for 50-60%), so that the grinding cost is greatly reduced; the flotation concentration can be 40%, the equipment volume is reduced, and the consumptive materials such as electricity, water, medicament dosage, equipment accessories are reduced. And the flotation process is adopted, the grinding fineness is about 70% when the grinding fineness is-0.074 mm, the grinding fineness is relatively reduced by 10-20%, and the grinding cost can be saved by 40-50%.
(2) The lead-zinc-sulfur mixed flotation reagent has few types (no regulator) and small dosage, and saves the reagent cost by 30-40%.
(3) The lead-zinc-sulfur mixed concentrate ore amount is 1/5-1/10 of the original ore amount, so that the used equipment capacity is small during lead-zinc-sulfur separation, the consumptive materials such as electricity, water, medicament dosage, equipment accessories and the like are reduced, and compared with the prior process flow, the cost can be reduced by 40-60%.
(4) The process flow of the lead-zinc-sulfur mixed flotation and the sequential separation has the advantages of few medicament types, particularly canceling sulfuric acid activated pyrite, reducing the potential safety hazard of production, saving medicament cost and saving the cost by about 30 percent.
(5) In the preferential lead floating operation, zinc sulfate and sodium thioglycolate are adopted to inhibit zinc minerals, so that lead is efficiently separated from zinc sulfide, and zinc is efficiently separated from pyrite.
(6) In the prior zinc flotation operation, a lime and sodium sulfite sulfur inhibition process is adopted, so that zinc and pyrite are efficiently separated, and the quality and the recovery rate of zinc concentrate and sulfur concentrate are ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the process flow and process conditions for on-site production in example 1.
Detailed Description
The flotation process for efficiently recovering lead, zinc and sulfur from polymetallic sulphide ore provided by the invention is described in detail below by combining the embodiment of the invention and the attached drawings. The embodiments described in the embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A flotation process for efficiently recovering lead, zinc and sulfur in multi-metal sulfide ores specifically comprises the following steps.
(1) The raw ore is crushed, ground and classified, the overflow grinding fineness is-0.074 mm and accounts for 50-60% (weight percentage), and the concentration of the selected ore pulp is 30-45% (weight percentage).
(2) The lead, zinc and sulfur mixed flotation adopts a process flow of one-coarse two-fine two-sweep, and 50-100g/t of butyl xanthate and 25-40g/t of pine oil are added in the coarse flotation; adding 10-30g/t of butyl xanthate and 5-15g/t of pine oil in the secondary scavenging; and producing lead-zinc-sulfur bulk concentrate.
(3) The lead-zinc-sulfur bulk concentrate is reground, the grinding fineness is-0.074 mm and accounts for 90-95% (weight percentage), and simultaneously, 200g/t of active carbon is added.
(4) After the lead-zinc-sulfur mixed concentrate is reground, the process flow of one-step, three-step and two-step is adopted to preferentially float lead, the medicament system is to add lime (the dosage is 200 plus materials at 500 g/t), zinc minerals (the dosage is 300 plus materials at 600 g/t) and sodium thioglycolate (the dosage is 100 plus materials at 200 g/t) to inhibit zinc blende and pyrite, the lead mineral collecting agent is ethidium nitride (the dosage is 5-20 g/t), and the foaming agent is terpineol oil (the dosage is 5-20 g/t); and (5) producing lead concentrate.
(5) And preferentially floating zinc from the lead-floating tailings. The zinc floating adopts a one-crude-three-fine-two-scavenging process flow, the medicament system is to add lime (the dosage is 300-; and zinc concentrate and sulfur concentrate are produced.
Example 1.
A certain Liaoning lead-zinc ore is prepared from a test sample containing 2.22% of lead, 1.63% of zinc, 7.89% of sulfur and 53.50g/t of silver, by adopting a process flow of lead, zinc and sulfur mixed flotation, and sequentially and preferentially floating lead and zinc after mixed fine regrinding, so as to produce lead concentrate, zinc concentrate and sulfur concentrate, and comprehensively recover silver minerals. The field production process flow and the process condition chart are shown in figure 1, and the production process conditions are as follows: under the condition of no regulator, single butyl xanthate is used for collecting lead, zinc and sulfur, mixed concentrate is reground, activated carbon is used for removing the active agent, zinc sulfate, lime and sodium thioglycolate are used for inhibiting sphalerite, pyrite and ethidium nitrogen are used for collecting lead minerals, copper sulfate is used for activating the lead minerals, lime and sodium sulfite are used for inhibiting pyrite and butyl xanthate are used for collecting the zinc minerals, and the zinc tails are sulfur concentrate. The small-scale closed-loop test obtains more ideal beneficiation indexes: lead concentrate containing 57.52 percent of lead, 86.33 percent of lead recovery rate, 992.50g/t of silver and 61.97 percent of silver recovery rate; zinc content 49.32%, zinc recovery 84.86% zinc concentrate; 40.57% of sulfur and 69.41% of sulfur recovery. The on-site production process flow and process conditions are shown in figure 1. The process is implemented on site, and the production technical indexes are as follows: lead concentrate containing 53.47% of lead, with the lead recovery rate of 86.21%, the silver content of 935g/t and the silver recovery rate of 62.10%; zinc content is 48.65%, zinc recovery rate is 84.27% of zinc concentrate; sulfur content 40.41%, and sulfur recovery 69.26%. The mineral separation production cost is 42.36 yuan/ton
Example 2.
A test sample of a certain lead-zinc-silver ore in inner Mongolia contains 1.39% of lead, 2.12% of zinc, 3.47% of sulfur and 19.65g/t of silver, and the process flow of preferentially floating lead and zinc sequentially after mixed flotation, mixed refining and regrinding of lead, zinc and sulfur is adopted. The lead, zinc and sulfur mixed flotation adopts a one-coarse three-fine three-sweep process flow; after regrinding the lead-zinc-sulfur bulk concentrate, preferentially floating lead by adopting a one-coarse-three-fine-two-sweep process flow; the zinc flotation of the lead flotation tailings also adopts a one-coarse-three-fine-two-sweeping process flow. And performing flotation to produce lead concentrate, zinc concentrate and sulfur concentrate, and comprehensively recovering silver minerals. The production process conditions are as follows: performing mixed flotation of lead, zinc and sulfur under the conditions that the grinding fineness is-0.074 mm and accounts for 60 percent, the dosage of butyl xanthate is 50g/t and the dosage of pine alcohol oil is 30g/t to obtain lead-zinc-sulfur mixed concentrate; floating lead under the conditions that the regrinding degree is-0.074 mm and accounts for 95 percent, the using amount of activated carbon is 100g/t, the using amount of lime is 400g/t, the using amount of zinc sulfate is 500g/t, the using amount of sodium thioglycolate is 80g/t, the using amount of ethidium and nitrogen is 20g/t and the using amount of pine oil is 10g/t, so as to obtain lead concentrate; adding 500g/t of lime and 100g/t of sodium sulfite to inhibit pyrite, 100g/t of copper sulfate to activate zinc minerals, and 25g/t of butyl xanthate to collect zinc to obtain zinc concentrate, wherein the zinc tail is the sulfur concentrate. The production index is that lead concentrate contains 58.44 percent of lead and 576.85g/t of silver, the lead recovery rate is 89.68 percent, and the silver recovery rate is 62.77 percent; the zinc concentrate contains 48.34 percent of zinc and the zinc recovery rate is 86.25 percent; the sulfur concentrate contained 44.29% sulfur and 51.36% sulfur recovery, the results are shown in table 1.
Claims (7)
1. A flotation process for efficiently recovering lead, zinc and sulfur in multi-metal sulfide ores is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) crushing, grinding and grading the raw ore, and overflowing to obtain raw ore pulp;
(2) adding a collecting agent and a foaming agent into the raw ore pulp, and performing mixed flotation of lead, zinc and sulfur by adopting a one-coarse two-fine two-sweep process flow to obtain lead-zinc-sulfur mixed concentrate and tailing ore pulp;
(3) adding activated carbon into the lead-zinc-sulfur bulk concentrate, and regrinding to obtain regrinding ore pulp of the lead-zinc-sulfur bulk concentrate;
(4) adding zinc mineral, a sulfur inhibitor, a lead mineral collecting agent and a foaming agent into the reground ore pulp of the lead-zinc-sulfur mixed concentrate, and preferentially floating lead by adopting a one-coarse-three-fine-two-sweep process to obtain lead concentrate and lead-floating tailings;
(5) adding a pyrite inhibitor, a zinc mineral activating agent, a zinc mineral collecting agent and a foaming agent into the lead flotation tailings, and preferentially floating zinc by adopting a one-coarse-three-fine-two-sweep process to obtain zinc concentrate and sulfur concentrate.
2. The flotation process for efficiently recovering lead, zinc and sulfur in the polymetallic sulphide ore according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the grinding fineness is-0.074 mm and accounts for 50-60%, and the concentration of the selected ore pulp is 30-45%.
3. The flotation process for efficiently recovering lead, zinc and sulfur in the polymetallic sulphide ore according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), a roughing agent is 50-100g/t of butyl xanthate and 25-40g/t of pine oil; the two scavenging agents are 10-30g/t of butyl xanthate and 5-15g/t of pinitol oil.
4. The flotation process for efficiently recovering lead, zinc and sulfur in the polymetallic sulphide ore according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the grinding fineness is-0.074 mm and accounts for 90-95%; the mass of the added active carbon is 100-200 g/t.
5. The flotation process for efficiently recovering lead, zinc and sulfur in the polymetallic sulphide ore as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the zinc mineral and the pyrite inhibitor are limestone + zinc sulfate + sodium thioglycolate, and the dosages are respectively 500g/t +300-600g/t +100-200 g/t.
6. The flotation process for efficiently recovering lead, zinc and sulfur in the polymetallic sulphide ore as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the pyrite inhibitor is lime + sodium sulfite, wherein the amount of the lime is 300-600g/t, and the amount of the sodium sulfite is 100-300 g/t; the zinc mineral activating agent is copper sulfate, and the dosage is 80-200 g/t; the zinc mineral collecting agent is butyl xanthate, and the dosage is 20-60 g/t; the foaming agent is terpineol oil, and the dosage is 5-30 g/t.
7. The flotation process for the efficient recovery of lead, zinc and sulfur from polymetallic sulphide ores as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw ore is Liaoning lead-zinc ore, and the main metal minerals in the ore are pyrite, galena and sphalerite, and small amounts of minerals such as chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite, graphite, magnetite, hematite and trace quantities of tennantite, chalcocite and covellite; the main non-metal minerals are carbonate minerals, quartz, muscovite, sericite, and small amount of feldspar and clay minerals.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112439554A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-03-05 | 云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司 | Comprehensive recovery process of silver-lead-zinc-sulfur bulk concentrate |
| CN113182081A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-07-30 | 赣州有色冶金研究所有限公司 | Flotation reagent and method for flotation separation of bismuth-zinc-sulfur polymetallic sulfide ore |
| CN113976307A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-28 | 广西中金岭南矿业有限责任公司 | Flotation separation method of refractory lead-zinc sulfide ore and zinc blende inhibitor thereof |
| CN114029156A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-02-11 | 铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司 | Green ore dressing process for copper, lead, zinc, gold, silver and other multi-metal complex sulfide ores |
| CN114515651A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-20 | 宜昌邦普循环科技有限公司 | Compound inhibitor and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112439554A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-03-05 | 云南驰宏锌锗股份有限公司 | Comprehensive recovery process of silver-lead-zinc-sulfur bulk concentrate |
| CN113182081A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-07-30 | 赣州有色冶金研究所有限公司 | Flotation reagent and method for flotation separation of bismuth-zinc-sulfur polymetallic sulfide ore |
| CN114029156A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-02-11 | 铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司 | Green ore dressing process for copper, lead, zinc, gold, silver and other multi-metal complex sulfide ores |
| CN113976307A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-28 | 广西中金岭南矿业有限责任公司 | Flotation separation method of refractory lead-zinc sulfide ore and zinc blende inhibitor thereof |
| CN113976307B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2024-04-09 | 广西中金岭南矿业有限责任公司 | Flotation separation method of lead zinc sulfide ore difficult to separate and zinc blende inhibitor thereof |
| CN114515651A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-20 | 宜昌邦普循环科技有限公司 | Compound inhibitor and preparation method and application thereof |
| WO2023138261A1 (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2023-07-27 | 宜昌邦普循环科技有限公司 | Compound inhibitor, preparation method therefor, and use thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200807 |