CN114432338B - 一种耐酸碱性能的聚合物水凝胶及其制备方法和其应用 - Google Patents
一种耐酸碱性能的聚合物水凝胶及其制备方法和其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种耐酸碱性能的聚合物水凝胶,由多糖和多价金属离子交联而成,多价金属离子与多糖的重量比为0.01‑1%:1,所述水凝胶在pH 1.5‑3条件下的溶胀率不低于100 g/g,在pH 6‑8条件下溶胀率不低于90 g/g。本发明通过将多糖在多元醇的作用下空间结构半舒展完成分子内的交联,再加入铁离子实现多糖与铁离子分子间交联,内外兼顾,制得的水凝胶在胃液和肠液中均具有较高的溶胀率,从而延长饱腹感持续时间。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药领域,具体涉及一种耐酸碱性能的聚合物水凝胶及其制备方法和其应用。
背景技术
聚合物凝胶是由三维网络结构的聚合物和溶胀介质构成,网络可 以吸收介质而溶胀。以水为溶胀介质的凝胶称为聚合物水凝胶(Hydrogel)。聚合物水凝胶的三维网络结构一般通过化学交联、物理交联、化学/物理交联形成。聚合物水凝胶遇水溶胀的特性使其在胃肠道部位也会因吸收体液而溶胀,进而占据胃部、肠道的容积。因此,聚合物水凝胶常被用于胃肠道的填充剂,以增加饱腹感,进而控制体重。
现有技术中的聚合物水凝胶在水中或模拟胃液中的溶胀率较好,但在肠道中的溶胀情况并不佳。因此需要进一步提高聚合物水凝胶的抗酸碱性能,即在酸性(胃部)和弱碱性(肠道)条件均具有较高的溶胀率,从而增加饱腹感的持续时间。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种耐酸碱性能的聚合物水凝胶,由多糖和多价金属离子交联而成,多价金属离子与多糖的重量比为0.01-1%:1,所述水凝胶在pH 1.5-3的溶胀率不低于100 g/g,在pH 6-8条件下溶胀率不低于90 g/g。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述多糖选自纤维素及其衍生物、半纤维素及其衍生物、淀粉及其衍生物、果胶及其衍生物、壳聚糖及其衍生物、肝素及其衍生物、硫酸软骨素及其衍生物、琼脂及其衍生物、海藻酸及其衍生物、角叉藻聚糖及其衍生物、D-葡聚糖及其衍生物、D-半乳聚糖及其衍生物、甘露聚糖及其衍生物、右旋糖酐及其衍生物、黄原胶及其衍生物中的任一种或其组合。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述多糖选自羧甲基纤维素、羧甲基壳聚糖、羧甲基葡聚糖钠。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述多价金属离子选自二价金属阳离子、三价金属阳离子、四价金属阳离子中的任一种或其组合。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述多价金属离子选自Mg2+、Ca2+、Ba2+、Cu2+、Ni2+、Zn2+、Pb2+、Fe2+、Fe3+、Al3+、Cr3+、Zr4+中的任一种或其组合。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述水凝胶由羧甲基纤维素及其盐和Fe3+交联而成,Fe3+与羧甲基纤维素及其盐的重量比为0.01-1%:1。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述水凝胶的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将醇水溶液和多糖按重量比1-10:1的比例,与多糖混合制成颗粒,40-80℃干燥5-24h,粉碎,得混合物;
(2)将多价金属离子盐溶液,按多价金属盐与多糖的重量比为0.01-1%:1的比例,加入到步骤(1)制得的混合物中,混合,80-150℃干燥1-10h,即得。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述醇水溶液的浓度为1-30%(w/w),优选为5-25%(w/w),优选为8-15%(w/w)。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述醇水溶液和多糖的重量比为1.5-8:1,优选为2-5:1。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述醇为甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇中的任一种或其组合。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述多价金属离子盐溶液的浓度为0.01-1%,优选为0.05-0.8%,优选为0.1-0.5%。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述多价金属离子盐与多糖的重量比为0.05-0.8%:1,优选为0.1-0.5%:1。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述步骤(1)的干燥温度为50-70℃。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述步骤(1)的干燥时间为8-15h,优选为10-12h。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述步骤(2)的干燥温度为120-130℃。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述步骤(2)的干燥时间为1-8h,优选为2-4h。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述步骤(1)或步骤(2)的粉碎至过20目筛,优选为过40目。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种耐酸碱性能的聚合物水凝胶的制备方法,所述水凝胶由多糖和多价金属离子交联而成,多价金属离子与多糖的重量比为0.01-1%:1,所述水凝胶在pH 1.5-3的溶胀率不低于100 g/g,在pH 6-8条件下溶胀率不低于90 g/g,所述水凝胶的制备方法具体包括:
(1)将醇水溶液和多糖按重量比1-10:1的比例,与多糖混合制成颗粒,40-80℃干燥5-24h,粉碎,得混合物;
(2)将多价金属离子盐溶液,按多价金属盐与多糖的重量比为0.01-1%:1的比例,加入到步骤(1)制得的混合物中,混合,80-150℃干燥1-10h,即得。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述醇水溶液的浓度为1-30%(w/w),优选为5-25%(w/w),优选为8-15%(w/w)。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述醇水溶液和多糖的重量比为1.5-8:1,优选为2-5:1。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述醇为甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇中的任一种或其组合。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述多价金属离子盐溶液的浓度为0.01-1%,优选为0.05-0.8%,优选为0.1-0.5%。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述多价金属离子盐与多糖的重量比为0.05-0.8%:1,优选为0.1-0.5%:1。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述步骤(1)的干燥温度为50-70℃。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述步骤(1)的干燥时间为8-15h,优选为10-12h。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述步骤(2)的干燥温度为120-130℃。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述步骤(2)的干燥时间为1-8h,优选为2-4h。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述步骤(1)或步骤(2)的粉碎至过20目筛,优选为过40目。
本发明的另一目的在于提供本发明所述的耐酸碱性能的聚合物水凝胶用于制备保持饱腹感制品中的应用。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述保持饱腹感制品包括用于治疗肥胖、减少食物或卡路里摄取的药品、保健品中的任一种。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述保持饱腹感制品的用量为每日1-2次,每次1.5-4.5g 。
本发明的另一目的在于提供本发明所述的耐酸性能的聚合物水凝胶用于制备与水溶液接触时能够溶胀的吸收性材料的用途。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述应用包括用于制备药物缓释剂、农业、水处理中的任一种。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述应用包括从身体除去水或水溶液的装置和药物、用于农业中控制释放水、营养物或植物药物的装置、用于个人和家庭卫生的吸收性产品、与水或水溶液接触时改变其大小的玩具和装置、生物医学装置、和能够在眼科学中缓慢释放液体的聚合物膜中的任一种。
本发明优选的技术方案,所述应用包括减慢葡萄糖运输,由此降低血糖峰值。
除非另有说明,本发明涉及液体与液体之间的百分比时,所述的百分比为体积/体积百分比;本发明涉及液体与固体之间的百分比时,所述百分比为体积/重量百分比;本发明涉及固体与液体之间的百分比时,所述百分比为重量/体积百分比;其余为重量/重量百分比。
除非另有说明,本发明采用下述检测方法测定溶胀率(Q):
取样品约1.0g,精密称定,记作W0。将样品转移至500mL烧杯中,加入200mL模拟胃液(pH2)或模拟肠液(pH6.8),置于37℃恒温水浴锅中溶胀一定时间。称出不锈钢筛的质量W1,将吸水后的样品倒入40目筛中,滤水,静置10min,称重W2,结果按下式计算:
与现有技术相比,本发明具有下述有益技术效果:
1、本发明通过将多糖在多元醇的作用下空间结构半舒展完成分子内的交联,再加入铁离子实现多糖与铁离子分子间交联,内外兼顾,制得的水凝胶在胃液和肠液中均具有较高的溶胀率,从而延长饱腹感持续时间。
2、本发明制备工艺简单,干燥时间显著缩短(8-12h),无工业废水产生,生产效率高,同时不使用柠檬酸,用于工业化生产。
附图说明
图1 本发明制备聚合物水凝胶的工艺流程图
图2 实施例1-3、对比例1-2制备的聚合物水凝胶在模拟胃液(pH2)中的溶胀动力学曲线
图3实施例1-3、对比例1-2制备的聚合物水凝胶在模拟肠液(pH6.8)中的溶胀动力学曲线
图4 实施例1-3、对比例1-2制备的聚合物水凝胶在模拟胃液(pH2)和模拟肠液(pH6.8)中的30min溶胀率对比
具体实施方式
以下参照实施例说明本发明,但本发明不局限于实施例。
实施例1 本发明聚合物水凝胶的制备
(1)将1kg乙醇、12kg纯化水混合均匀,配成醇水溶液,与6kg羧甲基纤维素钠制成湿颗粒,在70℃下干燥8h,粉碎,得到混合物;
(2)将6g三氯化铁、6kg纯化水配成铁溶液,喷入第(1)步所得的混合物中,在120℃下干燥4h,即得。
实施例2
(1)将1kg乙醇、12kg纯化水混合均匀,配成醇水溶液,与6kg羧甲基纤维素钠制成湿颗粒,在80℃下干燥8h,粉碎,得到混合物;
(2)将6g三氯化铁、6kg纯化水配成铁溶液,喷入第(1)步所得的混合物中,在130℃下干燥2h,即得。
实施例
(1)将2kg乙醇、22kg纯化水混合均匀,配成醇水溶液,与6kg羧甲基纤维素钠制成湿颗粒,在70℃下干燥12h,粉碎,得到混合物;
(2)将6g三氯化铁、6kg纯化水配成铁溶液,喷入第(1)步所得的混合物中,在120℃下干燥4h,即得。
实施例
(1)将2kg乙醇、16kg纯化水混合均匀,配成醇溶液,与6kg羧甲基壳聚糖制成湿颗粒。在70℃下干燥10h,粉碎,得到混合物;
(2)将6g氯化钙、5kg纯化水配成钙离子溶液,喷入第(1)步所得的混合物中,在120℃下干燥4h,即得。
实施例
(1)将2kg乙醇、16kg纯化水混合均匀,配成醇溶液,与6kg羧甲基葡聚糖制成湿颗粒,在70℃下干燥10h,粉碎,得到混合物;
(2)将6g三氯化铁、6kg纯化水配成铁溶液,喷入第(1)步所得的混合物中,在120℃下干燥4h,即得。
实施例
(1)将2kg乙醇、22kg纯化水混合均匀,配成醇水溶液,与6kg羧甲基纤维素钠制成湿颗粒,在70℃下干燥12h,粉碎,得到混合物;
(2)将3g三氯化铁、3g氯化亚铁、6kg纯化水配成铁溶液,喷入第(1)步所得的混合物中,在120℃下干燥4h,即得。
对比例1
(1)称取15g柠檬酸,依次加入1L乙醇、8L纯化水,搅拌至溶解均匀得柠檬酸溶液,与3kg羧甲基纤维素钠制成颗粒,70℃下干燥8h,粉碎至过40目筛,得混合物;
(2)称取3g三氯化铁,加入2L纯化水,配成铁离子溶液,喷入到混合物中,120℃下干燥3h,即得。
对比例2
称取纯化水90kg,投入到不锈钢桶中,开启搅拌,将枸橼酸0.54g投入纯化水中搅拌5分钟,投入羧甲基纤维素钠2.7kg,溶解,120℃干燥24小时。将待粉碎的物料过40目筛网进行粉碎。称取8.1g的三氯化铁,配成2.2%的三氯化铁水溶液,与颗粒均匀混合,100℃干燥8h,即得。
试验例1 溶胀动力学实验过程
试验方法:取实施例1-3、对比例1-2的样品,分别测定其在模拟胃液(pH2)和模拟肠液(pH6.8)中溶胀15min、30min、1h、2h、3h、5h、7h的溶胀率,绘制溶胀动力学曲线见图2-3,30min溶胀率的对比见图4。
以上对本发明具体实施方式的描述并不限制本发明,本领域技术人员可以根据本发明作出各种改变或变形,只要不脱离本发明的精神,均应属于本发明权利要求保护的范围。
Claims (12)
1.一种耐酸碱性能的聚合物水凝胶,由多糖和多价金属离子交联而成,多价金属离子与多糖的重量比为0.1-0.5%:1,所述水凝胶在pH 1.5-3的溶胀率不低于100 g/g,在pH 6-8条件下溶胀率不低于90 g/g,
所述水凝胶的制备方法包括如下步骤:
将醇水溶液和多糖按重量比2-5:1的比例,与多糖混合制成颗粒,40-80℃干燥8-15h,粉碎,得混合物;
将多价金属离子盐溶液,按多价金属盐与多糖的重量比为0.1-0.5%:1的比例,加入到步骤(1)制得的混合物中,混合,120-130℃干燥1-8h,即得;
所述多糖选自羧甲基纤维素钠,
所述多价金属离子选自Fe3+,
所述醇为乙醇,
所述醇水溶液的浓度为8-15%w/w,
所述多价金属离子盐溶液的浓度为0.1-0.5%。
2.如权利要求1所述的水凝胶,所述步骤(1)的干燥温度为50-70℃。
3.如权利要求1所述的水凝胶,所述步骤(1)的干燥时间为10-12h。
4.如权利要求1所述的水凝胶,所述步骤(2)的干燥时间为2-4h。
5.如权利要求1所述的水凝胶,所述步骤(1)的粉碎为粉碎至过20目筛。
6.如权利要求1所述的水凝胶,所述步骤(1)的粉碎为粉碎至过40目筛。
7.如权利要求1所述的耐酸碱性能的聚合物水凝胶的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
(1)将醇水溶液和多糖按重量比2-5:1的比例,与多糖混合制成颗粒,40-80℃干燥8-15h,粉碎,得混合物;
(2)将多价金属离子盐溶液,按多价金属盐与多糖的重量比为0.1-0.5%:1的比例,加入到步骤(1)制得的混合物中,混合,120-130℃干燥1-8h,即得。
8.如权利要求7所述的水凝胶,所述步骤(1)的干燥时间为10-12h。
9.如权利要求7所述的水凝胶,所述步骤(2)的干燥时间为2-4h。
10.如权利要求7所述的水凝胶,所述步骤(1)的粉碎为粉碎至过20目筛。
11.如权利要求7所述的水凝胶,所述步骤(1)的粉碎为粉碎至过40目筛。
12.如权利要求1-6任一项所述的聚合物水凝胶或如权利要求7-11任一项所述的方法制备得到的聚合物水凝胶在制备保持饱腹感药品中的应用。
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