CN114430099B - E-surface terahertz waveguide filter based on novel dual-mode resonant cavity - Google Patents
E-surface terahertz waveguide filter based on novel dual-mode resonant cavity Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
- H01P1/208—Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure
Abstract
The invention aims to provide an E-surface terahertz waveguide filter based on a novel dual-mode resonant cavity, and belongs to the technical field of terahertz waveguide filters. The waveguide filter is innovatively designed into a dual-mode resonant cavity, the dual-mode resonant cavity is symmetrical about an E surface and an H surface of a waveguide, and meanwhile, the size of the dual-mode resonant cavity meets the requirement that TM120 mode resonance and TE101 mode resonance can be simultaneously excited when electromagnetic wave signals are transmitted in the cavity, and a zero point is introduced through the dual-mode resonance; the height and the width of the cavity can be adjusted, so that the zero position is adjusted, and the out-of-band rejection degree of the out-of-band cavity is increased; in addition, the cavity is simple in structure, the cavity width-depth ratio is small, E-plane machining can be adopted, and machining errors are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of terahertz waveguide filters, and particularly relates to an E-plane terahertz waveguide filter based on a novel dual-mode resonant cavity.
Background
Because the waveguide structure has higher power capacity and smaller insertion loss compared with structures such as microstrip lines, strip lines and the like, a waveguide cavity structure is usually adopted to manufacture a passive device in a terahertz frequency band. For the filter, a better out-of-band rejection degree is to filter more stray information so as to be conveniently applied to various communication systems, and with the development of the terahertz technology, the requirement of the high-performance terahertz filter is also pressing day by day. The conventional filter can increase the left and right suppression degrees by increasing the order of the filter, so that the filter can reach the required index by needing a plurality of resonant cavities; however, as the number of resonant cavities increases, the insertion loss increases, and the size and manufacturing cost of the filter are also greatly increased.
Another effective way to improve the frequency selectivity of the filter is to add transmission zeros near the filter passband to make the out-of-band rejection better. In the terahertz frequency band, a transmission zero point is introduced into a cavity filter mainly through the following two ways: one method is to introduce a transmission zero point in a cross coupling mode, but the structural design is very complex, the position of a coupling membrane is not fixed, the position of the transmission zero point cannot be flexibly controlled, most of the coupling membranes can be cut and processed along H, and processing errors are caused [1] (ii) a Another method for introducing transmission zero point through multimode or overmode coupling resonant cavity [2] However, the filter response is often shaped by the corner cut or the movement of the diaphragm when the too high higher order mode resonators are cascaded, which increases the processing error. Meanwhile, the depth-to-width ratio of the conventional dual-mode resonant cavity based on the TE mode is large, if a processing mode symmetrical about the H plane is adopted, the processing mode can destroy the waveguide wall current and further deteriorate the overall transmission performance of the filter, and a processing error can be easily caused by a gap through the H plane cavity and cover plate structure.
Therefore, how to design the terahertz waveguide filter to enable the terahertz waveguide filter to have excellent out-of-band rejection performance and be easy to process becomes a research hotspot.
[1]Ding J Q,Shi S C,Zhou K,et al.WR-3Band Quasi-Elliptical Waveguide Filters Usin g Higher Order Mode Resonances[J].IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science&Technology,2017: 1-8.
[2]Y.Xiao,P.Shan,K.Zhu,H.Sun and F.Yang,"Analysis of a Novel Singlet and Its Application in THz Bandpass Filter Design,"in IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Scienc e and Technology,vol.8,no.3,pp.312-320,May 2018,doi:10.1109/TTHZ.2018.2823541.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an E-plane terahertz waveguide filter based on a novel dual-mode resonant cavity. The waveguide filter innovatively uses TM120 and TE101 dual-mode cavities, zero can be introduced through dual-mode resonance, and the height and the width of the cavity can be adjusted, so that the position of the zero is adjusted, and the out-of-band rejection degree of an out-of-band cavity is increased; in addition, the cavity is simple in structure, the cavity width-depth ratio is small, E-face machining can be adopted, and machining errors are reduced.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an E-surface terahertz waveguide filter based on a novel dual-mode resonant cavity comprises an input waveguide, a plurality of diaphragms, a plurality of dual-mode resonant cavities, a plurality of single-mode resonant cavities and an output waveguide, wherein the central axes of the input waveguide, the diaphragms, the dual-mode resonant cavities, the single-mode resonant cavities and the output waveguide are positioned on the same straight line; the input waveguide is the input end of the filter, the output waveguide is the output end of the filter, the input waveguide, the output waveguide, the single-mode resonant cavity and the dual-mode resonant cavity are all rectangular waveguides, and the diaphragm is arranged between any two adjacent rectangular waveguides;
the dual-mode resonant cavity is symmetrical about an E surface and an H surface of the waveguide, and the size of the dual-mode resonant cavity meets the requirement that TM120 and TE101 modes can be excited to resonate simultaneously when electromagnetic wave signals are transmitted in the cavity; the size of the single-mode resonant cavity meets the requirement that TE101 mode resonance can be excited when electromagnetic wave signals are transmitted in the cavity.
Further, the length of the dual-mode resonant cavity is a, the width of the dual-mode resonant cavity is b, and the height of the dual-mode resonant cavity is z, and the specific dimensional relationship satisfies the following formula:
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
is the frequency of the TM120 mode and,
frequency of TE101 mode, c is speed of light; the dual-mode resonant cavity can generate a zero point, and the position of the zero point is correspondingly changed by changing the size of the cavity.
Further, the resonant frequency f of two adjacent resonant cavities is changed by adjusting the length or width of the diaphragm 1 And f 2 Thereby adjusting the coupling coefficient between the resonant cavities, specifically, K = (f) 1 2 -f 2 2 )/(f 1 2 +f 2 2 )。
Further, the length of the diaphragm connected to the input waveguide and the output waveguide is controlled by a load Q L Value determination, wherein
Wherein K 01 Is the coupling coefficient between the input waveguide or the output waveguide and the adjacent resonator.
Further, the smaller the number of the cavities of the dual-mode resonant cavity is, the smaller the insertion loss of the terahertz waveguide filter is, and the narrower the bandwidth is.
Further, the number of the single mode resonators may be 0 or not 0.
Furthermore, the wide edge of the plane of the dual-mode resonant cavity parallel to the E surface of the electric field is in a chamfer form, so that the processing is convenient.
The mechanism of the invention is as follows: based on the principle that a zero point is generated by dual-mode coupling, a cavity structure is designed to enable a TM120 mode and a TE101 mode to excite resonance in a single cavity at the same time, when excitation is input at an input port in the same phase, magnetic lines of force in the two modes are distributed in the cavity in the opposite directions, and therefore the phases are opposite to generate the zero point, and the out-of-band rejection performance of the filter is improved.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a novel resonant cavity with double modes, namely TM101 and TE120 modes, and the out-of-band suppression effect can be better realized by introducing transmission zero points into the double modes.
2. The double-mode resonant cavity designed by the invention protrudes upwards and downwards with the same height relative to the H surface, has a simple structure, is easy to simulate, is symmetrical up and down and front and back as a whole, has a smaller width-depth ratio, can be used for processing the E surface, and reduces processing errors;
drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a terahertz waveguide filter based on a single dual-mode resonant cavity according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a distribution diagram of TM120 and TE101 modes in a two-mode cavity in the terahertz waveguide filter according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an assembly of an E-plane processing cavity of the terahertz waveguide filter in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an S-parameter simulation diagram of the terahertz waveguide filter of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a terahertz waveguide filter according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a terahertz waveguide filter according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is an S-parameter simulation diagram of the terahertz waveguide filter according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is an S-parameter simulation diagram of the terahertz waveguide filter according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings.
A structural schematic diagram of an E-plane terahertz waveguide filter based on a single novel dual-mode resonant cavity is shown in figure 1, and the E-plane terahertz waveguide filter comprises an input waveguide 1, a first diaphragm 2, a dual-mode resonant cavity 3, a second diaphragm 4 and an output waveguide 5 which are sequentially connected and the central axes of which are positioned on the same straight line; the input waveguide 1, the output waveguide 5 and the dual-mode resonant cavity 3 are all rectangular waveguides;
the dual-mode resonant cavity is symmetrical about an E plane (which refers to a directional diagram tangent plane parallel to the direction of an electric field) and an H plane (which refers to a directional diagram tangent plane parallel to the direction of a magnetic field), the size of the dual-mode resonant cavity meets the requirement that electromagnetic wave signals resonate simultaneously in the cavity according to TM120 modes and TE101 modes, and the distribution diagrams of the two modes are shown in figure 2, wherein (a) is a TM120 mode, and (b) is a TE101 mode.
The length of the dual-mode resonant cavity is a, the width of the dual-mode resonant cavity is b, the height of the dual-mode resonant cavity is z, and the specific size relation meets the following formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the frequency of the TM120 mode and,
the dual-mode resonant cavity can generate a zero point for the frequency of the TE101 mode, and the position of the zero point is correspondingly changed by changing the size of the cavity, wherein the position of the zero point is mainly determined by the positive and negative phases and the relative position of the two modes.
The diaphragm is symmetrically arranged at the center of a plane formed by the wide edge and the high edge of the dual-mode resonant cavity; the coupling strength between adjacent resonant cavities is controlled by the diaphragm, i.e. the resonant frequency f of two adjacent resonant cavities is changed by adjusting the length or width of the diaphragm 1 And f 2 Thereby changing the coupling coefficient, k = (f) 1 2 -f 2 2 )/(f 1 2 +f 2 2 ) From this, the diaphragm size can be determined; the length of the diaphragm connected to the input and output waveguides is determined by the load Q L Value determination, wherein
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a terahertz waveguide filter based on a single dual-mode resonant cavity, and it can be seen from the diagram that when the length b of the narrow side is a small value, that is, the depth of the dual-mode resonant cavity is small, the dual-mode frequency can be changed by changing the width a or the height z, so that the dual-mode resonant cavity has a small depth-to-width ratio (b/a), and a milling cutter can conveniently process the dual-mode resonant cavity from an E surface. Compared with the traditional resonant cavity based on a TE high-order mode, the structure needs larger length of the b side to transmit the high-order TE mode, and compared with the dual-mode resonant cavity in the invention, the depth-to-width ratio is larger, so that the dual-mode resonant cavity is not easy to process along an E surface.
Fig. 3 is an assembly view of the structure of fig. 1, taken from the plane E, with the entire cavity cut along the center of the plane E, and the assembly view is divided into an upper cavity (a) and a lower cavity (b). If the filter comprises a plurality of resonant cavities, the b sides of the cavities can keep the same size, and the filter is symmetrical as a whole and convenient to process.
FIG. 4 is a simulation diagram of the S parameter of the filtering effect of a single dual-mode resonant cavity of the terahertz waveguide of the invention. When the dimension parameters of the resonant cavity are specifically: b =1.4mm, z =1.48mm, l =0.2mm, w =0.55mm, input and output are standard WR4 waveguides, a =1.092mm, b =0.546mm, and the chamfers are unified to 0.1mm. Fixing z and b are unchanged, changing the size of the side a of the cavity, changing the resonance position of the TE101 mode and fixing the resonance frequency of the TM120 mode at 220GHz. It can be seen from the figure that a single cavity is a resonance point and a transmission zero point that can generate two different modes, and (a) in fig. 4 shows when f is TE101 <f TM120 When zero occurs in the upper sideband, as can be seen from (b) in FIG. 4, when f TE101 >f TM120 Zero occurs in the lower sideband, and the simulation software is HFSS.
Example 1
The structure of the terahertz waveguide filter of this embodiment is shown in fig. 5, and includes an input waveguide 6, a first diaphragm 7, a first dual-mode resonator 8, a second diaphragm 9, a first single-mode resonator 10, a third diaphragm 11, a second single-mode resonator 12, a fourth diaphragm 13, a second dual-mode resonator 14, a fifth diaphragm 15, and an output waveguide 1, which are connected in sequence and have central axes located on the same straight line.
The present embodiment is a quad-order WR-4 filter with two dual-mode cavities, and the simulation diagram of the S-parameter of the filter is shown in fig. 7. The S parameter graph can be seen to generate two left and right zeros and six poles respectively, the echo is larger than 20B, the external suppression can be 50dB, and the rectangular coefficient is good. The specific size of the filter is z _8=1.519mm, z \10 = z \12 =0.91mm, z _14 =1.438mm, a \8 =0.639mm, a \10 \ 0.638mm, a \12 =0.64mm, a \14 \0.689 mm, l \7 =0.138mm, l _9 \0.527mm, l \11 =0.512mm, l \0.13 \0.3 53mm, l \15 \0.1mm, w \7 \0.573mm, w \9 \ w \u11 w \ _13 \0.15 mm, resonant cavity and b are identical, i.e. b =1.4mm, input and output is standard a = 6 w \0.096 mm, hf0.6 mm, and 6 mm.
Example 2
The structure of the terahertz waveguide filter of this embodiment is shown in fig. 6, and includes an input waveguide, a first diaphragm, a first single-mode resonant cavity, a second diaphragm, a second single-mode resonant cavity, a third diaphragm, a dual-mode resonant cavity, a fourth diaphragm, a third single-mode resonant cavity, a fifth diaphragm, a fourth single-mode resonant cavity, a sixth diaphragm, and an output waveguide, which are sequentially connected and have central axes located on the same straight line.
The simulation diagram of the S-parameter of the filter of the present embodiment is shown in fig. 8. Because the whole design is a five-order W R-2.8 filter with a double-mode cavity, a zero point and six poles are generated in an S parameter diagram, and the out-band rejection is 45dB at the left and right sides of the cavity. And also has better out-of-band rejection characteristics.
Where mentioned above are merely embodiments of the invention, any feature disclosed in this specification may, unless stated otherwise, be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes; all of the disclosed features, or all of the method or process steps, may be combined in any combination, except mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Claims (8)
1. An E-surface terahertz waveguide filter based on a novel dual-mode resonant cavity is characterized by comprising an input waveguide, a plurality of diaphragms, a plurality of dual-mode resonant cavities, a plurality of single-mode resonant cavities and an output waveguide, wherein central axes of the input waveguide, the diaphragms, the dual-mode resonant cavities, the single-mode resonant cavities and the output waveguide are located on the same straight line; the input waveguide is the input end of the filter, the output waveguide is the output end of the filter, the input waveguide, the output waveguide, the single-mode resonant cavity and the dual-mode resonant cavity are all rectangular waveguides, and the diaphragm is arranged between any two adjacent rectangular waveguides;
the dual-mode resonant cavity is symmetrical about an E surface and an H surface of the waveguide, and the size of the dual-mode resonant cavity meets the requirement that TM120 and TE101 modes can be excited to resonate simultaneously when electromagnetic wave signals are transmitted in the cavity; the size of the single-mode resonant cavity meets the requirement that TE101 mode resonance can be excited when electromagnetic wave signals are transmitted in the cavity.
2. The E-plane terahertz waveguide filter of claim 1, wherein the length of the dual-mode cavity is a, the width is b, and the height is z, and the specific dimensional relationship satisfies the following formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the frequency of the TM120 mode and,
the frequency of the TE101 mode, and c the speed of light.
3. The E-plane terahertz waveguide filter according to claim 2, wherein the two-mode resonant cavity is capable of generating a zero point, and a position of the zero point is changed by changing a size of the cavity.
4. The E-plane thz waveguide filter according to claim 1, wherein the resonance frequency f of two adjacent resonance cavities is changed by adjusting the length or width of the diaphragm 1 And f 2 Thereby adjusting the coupling coefficient between the resonant cavities, specifically,
5. the E-plane terahertz waveguide filter according to claim 1, wherein the length of the diaphragm connected to the input waveguide and the output waveguide is expressed by the formula
Determining that Q is the energy storage/loss, K, of the input or output waveguide 01 Is the coupling coefficient between the input waveguide or the output waveguide and the adjacent resonator.
6. The E-plane terahertz waveguide filter according to claim 1, wherein the smaller the number of the dual-mode cavity bodies, the smaller the insertion loss and the narrower the bandwidth of the terahertz waveguide filter.
7. The E-plane terahertz waveguide filter according to claim 1, wherein the number of single-mode resonators is zero or non-zero.
8. The E-plane terahertz waveguide filter of claim 1, wherein a broadside of a plane of the dual-mode cavity parallel to the E-plane of the electric field is chamfered to facilitate processing.
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