CN114425967A

CN114425967A - Electric vehicle and power-on and power-off control method and device thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114425967A
Application number: CN202210135006.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 段肖晴; 祁克光; 王伟; 陈志鹏; 熊露霜
Original assignee: Chery Automobile Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chery Automobile Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-02-14
Filing date: 2022-02-14
Publication date: 2022-05-03

Abstract

The application discloses an electric vehicle and a power-on and power-off control method and device thereof. In the process of electrifying the electric vehicle, the vehicle control unit can orderly control the working state of the high-voltage devices in the electric vehicle based on the state of the state machine of the vehicle control unit, so that each high-voltage device in the electric vehicle can be ensured to be electrified orderly. In addition, in the power-on process, the vehicle control unit controls the state machine to be in the power-on state after determining that the fault detection of each high-voltage device passes, so that the safety and the reliability of the power-on process are effectively ensured.

Description

Electric vehicle and power-on and power-off control method and device thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to an electric vehicle and a power-on and power-off control method and device thereof.

Background

The electric vehicle is a vehicle which takes a vehicle-mounted power supply as power and drives wheels to run by using a motor. Electric vehicles may include hybrid vehicles and electric-only vehicles, among others.

In the related art, a battery in an electric vehicle is generally connected to a load through a relay. In the power-on process, the vehicle control unit of the electric vehicle can control the relay to pull in, so that the battery can supply power for each load to drive the load to work normally. In the power-off process of the electric vehicle, the vehicle control unit can control the relay to be switched off, so that the battery stops supplying power to the load, and the load also stops working.

However, in the above method, the safety performance during power-on or power-off of the electric vehicle is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides an electric vehicle and a power-on and power-off control method and device thereof, which can solve the problem of lower safety performance of the electric vehicle in the power-on or power-off process in the related technology. The technical scheme is as follows:

in one aspect, a power-on control method for an electric vehicle is provided, and is applied to a vehicle control unit of the electric vehicle, and the method includes:

controlling a state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from a dormant state to a low-voltage preparation state based on the received power-on instruction;

respectively sending low-voltage preparation instructions to a power management system and a motor controller of the electric vehicle based on the low-voltage preparation state of the state machine of the vehicle control unit, wherein the low-voltage preparation instructions are used for instructing the power management system to control a battery to enter the low-voltage preparation state and instructing the motor controller to control the state machine of the motor to enter the low-voltage preparation state;

if the fault detection of a plurality of high-voltage devices in the electric vehicle is determined to be passed, and the state machines of the battery and the motor are determined to be in a low-voltage standby state, controlling the state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from the low-voltage standby state to an upper power state;

sending a high-voltage charging instruction to the power management system and the motor controller based on the power-on state of the state machine of the vehicle controller, wherein the high-voltage charging instruction is used for indicating the power management system to control the battery to be powered on at high voltage and indicating the motor controller to control the state machine of the motor to jump from a low-voltage preparation state to a high-voltage preparation state; wherein the high voltage device includes the battery and the motor, and includes a load in the electric vehicle whose operating voltage is higher than a first voltage threshold.

In another aspect, a power-off control method for an electric vehicle is provided, which is applied to a vehicle control unit of the electric vehicle, and includes:

on the basis of the received power-off instruction, if the temperature of each target device in a plurality of target devices in the electric vehicle is determined to be smaller than the temperature threshold of the target device, controlling a state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from a high-voltage running state to a relay-off state;

sending a disconnection instruction to a power management system of the electric vehicle based on the state of a disconnection relay of a state machine of the vehicle control unit, wherein the disconnection instruction is used for instructing the power management system to control the disconnection of the relay, and the relay is respectively connected with a battery of the electric vehicle and a load in the electric vehicle;

if the relay is determined to be disconnected, controlling a state machine of the whole vehicle controller to skip from a disconnected relay state to a power-off state;

sending a pressure relief instruction to the power management system based on the power-off state of the state machine of the vehicle control unit, wherein the pressure relief instruction is used for indicating the power management system to control the battery to perform voltage relief; wherein the target device includes an engine and the motor, and includes a load in the hybrid vehicle whose operating voltage is higher than a first voltage threshold.

In yet another aspect, there is provided a power-on control apparatus of an electric vehicle, the apparatus including:

the control module is used for controlling a state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from a dormant state to a low-voltage preparation state based on a received power-on instruction;

the transceiver module is used for respectively sending a low-voltage preparation instruction to a power management system and a motor controller of the electric vehicle based on the low-voltage preparation state of the state machine of the vehicle control unit, wherein the low-voltage preparation instruction is used for instructing the power management system to control a battery to enter the low-voltage preparation state and instructing the motor controller to control the state machine of the motor to enter the low-voltage preparation state;

the control module is further configured to control the state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from the low-voltage standby state to the power-up state if it is determined that the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in the electric vehicle passes and it is determined that the state machines of the battery and the motor are both in the low-voltage standby state;

the transceiver module is further configured to send a high-voltage charging instruction to the power management system and the motor controller based on a power-on state of a state machine of the vehicle controller, where the high-voltage charging instruction is used to instruct the power management system to control the battery to perform high-voltage power-on, and is used to instruct the motor controller to control the state machine of the motor to jump from a low-voltage standby state to a high-voltage standby state; wherein the high voltage device includes the battery and the motor, and includes a load in the electric vehicle whose operating voltage is higher than a first voltage threshold.

Optionally, the transceiver module is configured to receive fault information of the multiple high-voltage devices;

the control module is used for determining that the fault detection of the high-voltage devices is passed if the fault grade of each high-voltage device is smaller than the grade threshold value based on the fault information of the high-voltage devices.

Optionally, the control module is configured to control the state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from the low-voltage standby state to a high-voltage pre-charging state if it is determined that the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in the low-voltage standby state passes, it is determined that the state machines of the battery and the motor are in the low-voltage standby state, and the electric vehicle is in a parking range;

the transceiver module is used for sending a high-voltage pre-charging instruction to a power management system of the electric vehicle based on a high-voltage pre-charging state of a state machine of the vehicle control unit, wherein the high-voltage pre-charging instruction is used for indicating the power management system to control a relay to attract and control the battery to perform high-voltage pre-charging, and the relay is respectively connected with the battery and a load in the electric vehicle;

the control module is used for controlling a state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from the high-voltage pre-charging state to a charging state if the fault detection of the high-voltage devices in the high-voltage pre-charging state is determined to pass and the pre-charging voltage of the battery is determined to be greater than a second voltage threshold.

Optionally, the control module is configured to, based on a power-on state of a state machine of the vehicle controller, control the state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from the power-on state to a high-voltage operating state if it is determined that the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in the power-on state passes, it is determined that a voltage of a load, which is loaded into the electric vehicle, of the battery is greater than a third voltage threshold, and it is determined that the state machine of the motor is in a high-voltage standby state.

Optionally, the control module is configured to perform a power-down operation if it is determined that the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in the electric vehicle fails.

In still another aspect, there is provided a lower electric control apparatus of an electric vehicle, the apparatus including:

the control module is used for controlling a state machine of the whole vehicle controller to jump from a high-voltage running state to a relay disconnection state if the temperature of each target device in a plurality of target devices in the electric vehicle is determined to be smaller than the temperature threshold of the target device based on the received power-off instruction;

the receiving and sending module is used for sending a disconnection instruction to a power management system of the electric vehicle based on the state of a disconnection relay of a state machine of the vehicle control unit, wherein the disconnection instruction is used for indicating the power management system to control the disconnection of the relay, and the relay is respectively connected with a battery of the electric vehicle and a load in the electric vehicle;

the control module is further configured to control the state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from the off relay state to a power-off state if it is determined that the relay is off;

the sending module is further configured to send a pressure relief instruction to the power management system based on a power-off state of a state machine of the vehicle controller, where the pressure relief instruction is used to instruct the power management system to control the battery to perform voltage relief; wherein the target device includes an engine and the motor, and includes a load in the hybrid vehicle in which an operating voltage is higher than a first voltage threshold.

Optionally, the control module is configured to control a state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from the high-voltage operating state to a thermal cooling state based on the received power-off instruction;

the transceiver module is configured to send a temperature detection instruction to the plurality of target devices based on a thermal cooling state of a state machine of the vehicle controller, where the temperature detection instruction is used to instruct each target device to send a temperature of the target device to the vehicle controller;

the control module is configured to control the state machine to jump from a thermal cooling state to a device disable state if it is determined that the temperature of each of the plurality of target devices is less than the temperature threshold of the target device based on the temperature of the target device;

the transceiver module is configured to send a current limiting instruction to the power management system based on a device disable state of the state machine, where the current limiting instruction is used to instruct the power management system to reduce an output current of the battery;

and the control module is used for controlling the state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from a device non-enabled state to a relay disconnection state if the output current of the battery is determined to be smaller than the current threshold value.

In still another aspect, there is provided an electric vehicle including: the system comprises a battery, a motor, a vehicle control unit and a load; the vehicle control unit is used for realizing the power-on control method or the power-off control method of the electric vehicle provided by the above aspect.

In still another aspect, a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein a computer program that is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the power-on control method or the power-off control method of the electric vehicle as provided in the above aspect is provided.

In yet another aspect, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which when run on the computer causes the computer to execute the power-on control method or the power-off control method of the electric vehicle provided by the above aspects.

The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes at least:

the application provides an electric vehicle and a power-on and power-off control method and device thereof. In the process of electrifying the electric vehicle, the vehicle control unit can orderly control the working state of the high-voltage devices in the electric vehicle based on the state of the state machine of the vehicle control unit, so that each high-voltage device in the electric vehicle can be ensured to be electrified orderly. In addition, in the power-on process, the vehicle control unit controls the state machine to be in the power-on state after determining that the fault detection of each high-voltage device passes, so that the safety and the reliability of the power-on process are effectively ensured.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a power-on control method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a power-down control method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of another method for controlling power-on of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of another method for controlling power-down of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a power-on control device of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower electric control device of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The electric vehicle is a vehicle that runs by using a vehicle-mounted power supply as power and driving wheels by a motor. The electric vehicle may include: a purely electric vehicle (BEV) and a Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV).

The pure electric vehicle is a vehicle which drives the whole vehicle to run by taking a vehicle-mounted power supply as a unique power source, namely the pure electric vehicle does not use a thermal power source provided by a traditional gasoline engine or a traditional diesel engine as a power source.

A hybrid vehicle is a vehicle equipped with two power sources at the same time. The two power sources include a thermal power source generated by a gasoline engine or a diesel engine, and an electric power source generated by a battery and an electric motor. Hybrid vehicles may be classified into plug-in electric hybrid vehicles (PHEVs) and non-plug-in hybrid vehicles according to whether an external power source can charge a battery of the hybrid vehicle.

The non-plug-in hybrid vehicle charges a battery by kinetic energy recovered when the vehicle is braked, or charges the battery by reverse rotation of a motor by using excess power output by an engine when the vehicle is running at a low speed. And plug-in hybrid vehicle can also be through filling electric pile for battery charging except adopting the charging mode of non-plug-in hybrid vehicle.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 1, the electric vehicle may include: the vehicle control system includes a battery 10, a motor 20, a vehicle controller 30, and a plurality of loads 40.

The battery 10 is used, among other things, to provide electrical energy for starting ignition of the motor 20 and use of a part load 40 (e.g., a vehicle lamp). The electric machine 20, which may also be referred to as an electric motor or a motor, can convert electric energy output from the battery 10 into mechanical energy and reuse the mechanical energy to generate kinetic energy to drive the electric vehicle to travel. The Hybrid Controller Unit (HCU) 30 may also be referred to as a Hybrid Control Unit (HCU), which is a core control component of the electric vehicle. The main function of the vehicle control unit 30 is to monitor the driving state of the electric vehicle and coordinate a control unit (e.g., a power management system of the electric vehicle) to implement power supply and power off, drive control, fault diagnosis, and the like of the vehicle.

It is understood that a part of the load 40 in the electric vehicle may be connected to the battery 10 and be separately powered by the battery 10. Another part of the load 40 in the electric vehicle may be connected to both the battery 10 and the motor 20, and the battery 10 may assist the motor 20 in supplying power to the other part of the load 40.

Optionally, the electric vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present application may be an automobile, a two-wheeled vehicle, a three-wheeled vehicle, or a rail car. Automobiles may include, among other things, cars, buses, vans, utility vehicles (e.g., ambulances and fire trucks), off-road vehicles, and tractor vehicles.

Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a power-on control method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application, where the method may be applied to a vehicle control unit in the electric vehicle shown in fig. 1. Referring to fig. 2, the method includes the following steps.

And 101, controlling a state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from a dormant state to a low-voltage preparation state based on the received power-on instruction.

In the embodiment of the application, a state machine is configured in a vehicle control unit of the electric vehicle, and the state machine can be used for recording the power-on and power-off states of the electric vehicle. The state machine may be in a sleep state when the electric vehicle is not powered up. After the vehicle control unit receives the power-on instruction, the state machine can be controlled to jump from the dormant state to the low-voltage preparation state.

Alternatively, the power-on command may be triggered by a specified operation by the driver. Wherein the specified operation may be an operation of pressing a one-key start button in the electric vehicle cabin, or an operation of inserting a vehicle key into a key hole and turning the vehicle key. For example, the specified operation may be an operation of turning the vehicle key to the right from an off (off) gear to an Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) gear. It is understood that, after the vehicle control unit detects the pressing operation of the one-key start key, whether the command triggered by the pressing operation is a power-on command or a power-off command may be determined based on the current operating state of the electric vehicle.

For example, when the vehicle control unit detects a pressing operation for the one-key start key and detects that the electric vehicle is currently in an operating state, it may be determined that the instruction triggered by the pressing operation is a power-off instruction. When the vehicle control unit detects a pressing operation of the one-key start key and detects that the electric vehicle is currently in an off state (i.e., in a non-power-on state or a sleep state), it may be determined that the instruction triggered by the pressing operation is a power-on instruction.

And 102, respectively sending low-voltage preparation instructions to a power management system and a motor controller of the electric vehicle based on the low-voltage preparation state of the state machine of the vehicle control unit.

When the state machine of the vehicle control unit is in the low-voltage standby state, the vehicle control unit may send a low-voltage standby instruction to a power management system and a motor controller of the electric vehicle. Accordingly, the power management system of the electric vehicle may control the battery to enter the low voltage preparation state based on the low voltage preparation command. The motor controller of the electric vehicle can be provided with a state machine of the motor, and the state machine of the motor can be used for recording the states of the motor in the processes of power-on and power-off. The motor controller of the electric vehicle may control a state machine of the motor to enter a low voltage standby state based on the low voltage standby instruction.

It is understood that the battery can supply power to the respective controllers of the electric vehicle with low voltage when it is in the low voltage standby state. Wherein the controller in the electric vehicle may comprise at least one of the following controllers: a vehicle controller, a motor controller, a direct current-direct current (DC-DC) controller, an On Board Charger (OBC) controller, an Engine Management System (EMS), a power management system (BMS), and the like.

And 103, if the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in the electric vehicle is determined to be passed and the state machines of the battery and the motor are determined to be in the low-voltage standby state, controlling the state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from the low-voltage standby state to the power-up state.

In the embodiment of the application, if the vehicle control unit determines that the fault detection of the high-voltage devices passes based on the acquired fault information of the high-voltage devices in the electric vehicle, and determines that the state machines of the battery and the motor are currently in the low-voltage standby state based on the state information reported by the power management system and the motor controller, the vehicle control unit may control the state machines of the vehicle control unit to jump from the low-voltage standby state to the power-on state.

The plurality of high-voltage devices include a battery and a motor, and include loads in the electric vehicle, such as an on-vehicle air conditioner, a DC-DC converter, and an on-vehicle charger, whose operating voltage is higher than a first voltage threshold. The motor and the load having the operating voltage higher than the first voltage threshold may be collectively referred to as a high-voltage load of the electric vehicle.

And 104, sending a high-voltage charging instruction to the power management system and the motor controller based on the power-on state of the state machine of the vehicle controller.

The vehicle control unit can send a high-voltage charging instruction to the power management system control and the motor controller based on the power-on state of the state machine of the vehicle control unit. The power management system, in turn, may control the battery to supply power to various high-voltage loads (e.g., motors) in the electric vehicle based on the high-voltage charging command. The motor controller may control the state machine of the motor to jump from the low-voltage standby state to the high-voltage standby state based on the high-voltage charging command. After the electric vehicle is powered on, the vehicle control unit can quickly control the motor to start based on the high-voltage preparation state of the motor, so that the motor drives the connected load, and the normal operation of the load is ensured.

In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a power-on control method for an electric vehicle. In the process of electrifying the electric vehicle, the vehicle control unit can orderly control the working state of the high-voltage devices in the electric vehicle based on the state of the state machine of the vehicle control unit, so that each high-voltage device in the electric vehicle can be ensured to be electrified orderly. In addition, in the power-on process, the vehicle control unit controls the state machine to be in the power-on state after determining that the fault detection of each high-voltage device passes, so that the safety and the reliability of the power-on process are effectively ensured.

Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a power-off control method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application, which may be applied to a vehicle control unit of the electric vehicle shown in fig. 1. Referring to fig. 3, the method includes the following steps.

Step 201, based on the received power-off instruction, if it is determined that the temperature of each target device in the plurality of target devices in the electric vehicle is smaller than the temperature threshold of the target device, controlling the state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from the high-voltage running state to the relay-off state.

When the electric vehicle is not powered off, the state machine of the vehicle control unit of the electric vehicle can be in a high-voltage running state. After the vehicle control unit receives the power-off instruction, if the temperature of each target device is determined to be smaller than the temperature threshold of the target device based on the acquired temperature information of the target devices in the electric vehicle, the state machine of the vehicle control unit can be controlled to jump from the high-voltage running state to the relay disconnection state.

Alternatively, the power-off instruction may be triggered by a specified operation by the driver. The specifying operation may be an operation of pressing a one-key start button in the electric vehicle cabin, or an operation of rotating the vehicle key and pulling the vehicle key out of the key hole. For example, the specified operation may be an operation of screwing the vehicle key from the on (on) position to the off position leftward.

The plurality of target devices include an engine and a motor, and include loads in a hybrid vehicle, such as an on-board air conditioner, a DC-DC converter, and an on-board charger, in which an operating voltage is higher than a first voltage threshold. It is understood that the temperature thresholds of different target devices may be the same or different, and this is not limited in this embodiment of the application.

Step 202, sending a disconnection instruction to a power management system of the electric vehicle based on the disconnection relay state of the state machine of the vehicle control unit.

The disconnection instruction is used for instructing the power management system to control the relay to be disconnected. In the implementation of the application, the relay in the power management system is respectively connected with the battery of the electric vehicle and the load in the electric vehicle, and the relay can be used for controlling the on-off of the loop between the battery and the load. The vehicle control unit can send a disconnection instruction to the power management system based on the disconnection relay state of the state machine. The power management system may control a relay for connecting the battery and the load to be in an off state based on the off instruction. Accordingly, the circuit between the battery and the load is also in an open state.

And 203, if the relay is determined to be disconnected, controlling a state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from a state of disconnecting the relay to a power-off state.

After the power management system controls the relay to be disconnected, relay state information can be sent to the vehicle control unit, and the relay state information is used for indicating whether the relay for connecting the battery and the load is disconnected. If the vehicle control unit determines that the relay for connecting the battery and the load is disconnected based on the relay state information, the vehicle control unit can control the state machine to jump from a disconnection relay state to a power-off state.

And step 204, sending a pressure relief instruction to the power management system based on the power-off state of the state machine of the vehicle controller.

The voltage relief instruction is used for indicating the power management system to control the battery to perform voltage relief. After the vehicle control unit controls the state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from the state of the disconnection relay to the power-off state, a pressure relief instruction can be sent to the power management system. The power management system can control the output voltage of the battery to gradually decrease based on the pressure relief instruction. When the output voltage of the battery is reduced to 0 volt (V), the vehicle control unit can control the state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from a power-off state to a sleep state. At this point, the power-off of the electric vehicle is completed.

In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a power-off control method for an electric vehicle. In the power-off process of the electric vehicle, the vehicle control unit can orderly control the working state of the target devices in the electric vehicle based on the state of the state machine, so that the target devices in the electric vehicle can be ensured to be powered off in order. In addition, in the power-off process, the vehicle control unit controls the state machine to be in the power-off state after determining that the temperature of each target device is smaller than the corresponding temperature threshold value, so that the safety and the reliability of the power-off process are effectively ensured.

Fig. 4 is a flowchart of another power-on control method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which may also be applied to a vehicle control unit of an electric vehicle such as that shown in fig. 1. Referring to fig. 4, the method includes the following steps.

And 301, controlling a state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from a dormant state to a low-voltage preparation state based on the received power-on instruction.

Alternatively, the power-on command may be triggered by a specified operation by the driver. Wherein the specified operation may be an operation of pressing a one-key start button in the electric vehicle cabin, or an operation of inserting a vehicle key into a key hole and turning the vehicle key.

It is understood that the keyless entry and start system in the electric vehicle may monitor the triggering operation of the power-on command. The keyless entry and start system may also be referred to as a Passive Entry Passive Start (PEPS) system. When the vehicle key of the electric vehicle is in the effective range, the PEPS system can monitor the operation that a driver presses a key start key, and a communication signal corresponding to the triggering operation is used as a power-on instruction to be sent to the vehicle controller.

And step 302, respectively sending low-voltage preparation instructions to a power management system and a motor controller of the electric vehicle based on the low-voltage preparation state of the state machine of the vehicle control unit.

When the state machine of the vehicle control unit is in the low-voltage standby state, the vehicle control unit may send a low-voltage standby instruction to a power management system and a motor controller of the electric vehicle. Accordingly, the power management system of the electric vehicle may control the battery to enter the low voltage preparation state based on the low voltage preparation command. The motor controller of the electric vehicle can be provided with a state machine of the motor, and the state machine of the motor can be used for recording the states of the motor in the processes of power-on and power-off. The motor controller of the electric vehicle may control the state machine of the motor to enter a low voltage standby state based on the standby instruction.

Alternatively, the plurality of low voltage devices may include respective controllers (e.g., a motor controller and a DC-DC controller) in the electric vehicle, a relay for connecting a battery and a load, and the like. It can be understood that, by powering on each low-voltage device at low voltage, the low-voltage devices can be awakened and initialized, and the like, so as to ensure the successful subsequent high-voltage powering on.

And step 303, receiving fault information of a plurality of high-voltage devices.

In the embodiment of the application, after the vehicle control unit controls the state of the state machine to jump, a fault detection instruction can be sent to each high-voltage device. Each high-voltage device in the plurality of high-voltage devices can respond to the fault detection instruction and report the fault information of the high-voltage device to the vehicle control unit. The plurality of high-voltage devices may include a battery and a motor, and include loads in the electric vehicle, such as an on-board air conditioner, a DC-DC converter, an on-board charger, and the like, whose operating voltage is higher than a first voltage threshold. Alternatively, the first voltage threshold may be 280V.

It will be appreciated that the high voltage device may also be connected to a controller or control system, and the fault detection command may be sent to the controller or control system to which the high voltage device is connected. Correspondingly, the controller or the control system can detect the fault information of the high-voltage device and report the fault information to the vehicle control unit.

For example, for a battery, the vehicle control unit may send a fault detection instruction to a power management system of the battery. The power management system can then report the fault information of the battery. The fault information may include an interlock fault of the battery, a short circuit fault inside the battery, and the like.

For the motor, the vehicle control unit may send a fault detection instruction to the motor controller. The motor controller can then report the fault information of the motor. The fault information may include that the head end position inside the stator of the motor is connected in a wrong way, or that a broken line, a short-circuit fault and the like exist inside the motor.

For a DC-DC converter, the vehicle control unit may send a fault detection instruction to a DC-DC controller connected to the DC-DC converter. The DC-DC controller may then report the fault information of the DC-DC converter. The fault information may include an overload fault of the DC-DC converter, an internal wiring fault of the DC-DC converter, and the like.

For an on-board charger, the vehicle control unit may send a fault detection instruction to an OBC controller connected to the on-board charger. And the OBC controller can report the fault information of the vehicle-mounted charger. The fault information can comprise the breakage of an internal fuse of the vehicle-mounted charger, the input and output faults of a power supply, the damage of internal components of the vehicle-mounted charger and the like.

And step 304, if the fault detection of the high-voltage devices in the low-voltage standby state is determined to be passed, the state machines of the battery and the motor are determined to be in the low-voltage standby state, and the electric vehicle is in a parking gear, controlling the state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from the low-voltage standby state to a high-voltage pre-charging state.

After the vehicle control unit receives the fault information of each high-voltage device, whether the fault detection of each high-voltage device passes or not can be judged based on a preset fault detection standard. If the fault detection of the high-voltage devices in the low-voltage standby state is determined to be passed, the batteries and the motors are determined to be in the low-voltage standby state, and the hybrid electric vehicle is determined to be in the parking gear currently, the state machine of the hybrid electric vehicle can be controlled to jump from the low-voltage standby state to the high-voltage pre-charging state.

Optionally, for each high-voltage device, the vehicle control unit may classify the fault of the high-voltage device into a plurality of different fault classes, for example, four fault classes, based on the severity of the fault of the high-voltage device. The vehicle control unit can determine the fault grade of the high-voltage device based on the fault information of the high-voltage device, and judge whether the fault detection of the high-voltage device passes or not based on the fault grade. For example, for each high-voltage device, the vehicle control unit may determine that the fault detection of the high-voltage device passes if it detects that the fault level of the high-voltage device is less than a level threshold (e.g., three levels).

For example, if the fault information of the battery reported by the power management system includes a battery interlock fault, the vehicle control unit may determine that the fault detection of the battery fails.

It is understood that if the vehicle control unit determines that the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in the low-voltage standby state is not passed, the power-off operation may be performed. The power-off control method in the embodiment shown in fig. 3 can be referred to for the execution flow of the power-off operation.

It will also be appreciated that if the vehicle control unit determines that the state machine of the battery and motor is not in a low voltage ready state, a low voltage ready command may be continuously sent to the power management system and the motor controller. If the state machine of the battery or the motor is not in the low-voltage preparation state within the target time period (for example, 60 seconds), the vehicle control unit can execute the power-off operation.

It is also understood that the power-down operation may be performed if the vehicle control unit determines that the electric vehicle is not in the parking gear.

And 305, sending a high-voltage pre-charging instruction to a power management system of the electric vehicle based on the high-voltage pre-charging state of the state machine of the vehicle control unit.

In the embodiment of the application, after the vehicle control unit controls the state machine to jump to the high-voltage pre-charging state, the vehicle control unit may send a high-voltage pre-charging command to a power management system of the electric vehicle. The power management system may control a relay for connecting the battery and a load in the electric vehicle to be actuated based on the high-voltage precharge command, and control the battery to perform a corresponding high-voltage precharge operation to implement a high-voltage precharge of the high-voltage load.

It can be understood that the electric vehicle has a large number of high-voltage loads (such as an on-board air conditioner and a motor), and a fuse or an energy storage filter capacitor with a large capacitance is connected to an input end of the high-voltage load. In the process of high-voltage electrification of the electric vehicle, in order to avoid burning out the high-voltage load by high-voltage instantaneous current output by the battery, the high-voltage load can be subjected to high-voltage pre-charging before the high-voltage load is electrified, so that the safe operation of the high-voltage load is ensured.

And 306, if the fault detection of the high-voltage devices in the high-voltage pre-charging state is determined to be passed and the pre-charging voltage of the battery is determined to be greater than a second voltage threshold, controlling a state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from the high-voltage pre-charging state to an electrified state.

After the vehicle control unit controls the state machine to jump to the high-voltage pre-charging state, whether the fault detection of each high-voltage device passes or not can be judged again based on a preset fault detection standard. If the fault detection of the high-voltage devices in the high-voltage pre-charging state is determined to be passed, and the pre-charging voltage of the battery (namely the voltage output to the load) is determined to be greater than the second voltage threshold value based on the battery voltage information reported by the power management system, the state machine of the high-voltage device can be controlled to jump from the high-voltage pre-charging state to the charging state. The second voltage threshold may be 250V.

It can be understood that after the power management system controls the relay to pull in, the voltage output by the battery to the high-voltage load will gradually increase. In the process that the power management system controls the battery to pre-charge the load at high voltage, when the pre-charge voltage of the battery is greater than the second voltage threshold, the power management system can report the current voltage information of the battery to the vehicle control unit. Based on the battery voltage information, the vehicle control unit can determine that the battery finishes the high-voltage pre-charging of the load, and further can control the state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from the high-voltage pre-charging state to the charging state.

It can also be understood that if the vehicle control unit determines that the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in the high-voltage pre-charging state fails, the power-down operation may be performed.

And 307, sending a high-voltage charging instruction to the power management system and the motor controller based on the power-on state of the state machine of the vehicle controller.

The vehicle control unit can send a high-voltage charging instruction to the power management system and the motor controller based on the power-on state of the state machine of the vehicle control unit. The power management system may control the battery to supply power to various high-voltage loads (e.g., motors) in the electric vehicle based on the high-voltage charging instruction to achieve high-voltage power-up of the various high-voltage loads. The motor controller may control the state machine of the motor to jump from the low-voltage standby state to the high-voltage standby state based on the high-voltage charging command. After the electric vehicle is powered on, the vehicle control unit can quickly control the motor to start based on the high-voltage preparation state of the state machine of the motor, so that the motor drives the connected load, and the normal operation of the load is ensured.

It can be understood that when the battery completes the high-voltage pre-charging of the high-voltage load and the high-voltage power-up of the high-voltage load, the voltage applied to the high-voltage load by the battery through the relay will continuously rise until the working voltage of each high-voltage load is raised, and then the high-voltage power-up of the electric vehicle is completed.

And 308, based on the power-on state of the state machine of the vehicle controller, if the plurality of high-voltage devices are determined to pass the fault detection in the power-on state, the voltage of the load loaded into the electric vehicle by the battery is determined to be greater than a third voltage threshold value, and the state machine of the motor is determined to be in a high-voltage standby state, controlling the state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from the power-on state to a high-voltage running state.

In the process that the vehicle control unit controls the battery to electrify the load in the electric vehicle, the voltage value of the load loaded into the electric vehicle by the battery can be acquired in real time through the power principle system. When the vehicle control unit determines that the voltage loaded to the load by the battery is greater than the third voltage threshold, the fault information of the plurality of high-voltage devices and the state machine information of the motor can be acquired again. When the vehicle control unit determines that the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in the power-on state passes based on a preset fault detection standard and determines that the state machine of the motor is in the high-voltage standby state, the vehicle control unit can control the state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from the power-on state to the high-voltage operation state.

Wherein the third voltage threshold may be equal to an operating voltage of the high voltage device, for example 300V. In the power-on process, when the voltage loaded to the high-voltage device by the battery reaches the working voltage of the high-voltage device, the vehicle control unit can determine that the battery completes the high-voltage power-on of each high-voltage device in the electric vehicle. Therefore, the vehicle control unit can control the state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from the power-on state to the high-voltage operation state. And then, the vehicle control unit can control the battery to output stable voltage to the load through the power management system, so that the normal operation of the load is ensured.

It can be understood that if the vehicle control unit determines that the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in the power-on state fails, the power-off operation may be performed. If the vehicle control unit determines that the state machine of the motor is not in the high-voltage preparation state, the vehicle control unit can continuously send a high-voltage charging instruction to the motor controller. If the state machine of the motor is not in the high-voltage preparation state within the target time length (for example, 60 seconds), the vehicle control unit may perform the power-off operation.

In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a power-on control method for an electric vehicle. In the process of electrifying the electric vehicle, the vehicle control unit can orderly control the working state of the high-voltage devices in the electric vehicle based on the state of the state machine, so that each high-voltage device in the electric vehicle can be ensured to be electrified orderly. In addition, in the power-on process, the vehicle control unit controls the state machine to be in the power-on state after determining that the fault detection of each high-voltage device passes, so that the safety and the reliability of the power-on process are effectively ensured.

Fig. 5 is a flowchart of another power-off control method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which may also be applied to a vehicle control unit of the electric vehicle shown in fig. 1. Referring to fig. 5, the method includes the following steps.

And step 401, controlling a state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from a high-voltage running state to a thermal cooling state based on the received power-off instruction.

When the electric vehicle is not powered off, the state machine of the vehicle control unit of the electric vehicle can be in a high-voltage running state. After the vehicle control unit receives the power-off instruction, the state machine can be controlled to jump from the high-voltage operation state to the thermal cooling state.

Alternatively, the power-off instruction may be triggered by a specified operation by the driver. Wherein the specified operation may be an operation of pressing a one-key start button in the electric vehicle cabin, or an operation of inserting a vehicle key into a key hole and turning the vehicle key and extracting the vehicle key from the key hole. For example, the vehicle key is turned back left from the on-off position to the on-off position.

The PEPS system may also monitor the triggering operation of the power-down command. When the PEPS system monitors that a driver presses a key to start the key operation, the communication signal corresponding to the triggering operation can be used as a power-off instruction to be sent to the vehicle control unit.

And 402, sending a temperature detection instruction to a plurality of target devices based on the thermal cooling state of the state machine of the vehicle control unit.

After the vehicle controller controls the state machine to jump from the high-voltage operation state to the thermal cooling state, the vehicle controller may send a temperature detection instruction to a plurality of target devices of the electric vehicle based on the thermal cooling state, where the temperature detection instruction is used to instruct each target device to send the temperature of the target device to the vehicle controller. The plurality of target devices include an engine and a motor, and include loads in the hybrid vehicle, such as an on-board air conditioner, a DC-DC converter, an on-board charger, and the like, in which the operating voltage is higher than a first voltage threshold.

It will be appreciated that the target device may also be connected to a controller or control system, and the temperature detection instructions may be sent to the controller or control system to which the target device is connected. Correspondingly, the controller or the control system can detect the temperature of the target device and report the temperature to the vehicle control unit. For example, for an engine, the vehicle control unit may send a temperature detection instruction to an engine controller connected to the engine, and the engine controller may report the temperature of the engine.

It can be understood that before the electric vehicle is powered down, it is necessary to ensure that the temperature of some target devices of the electric vehicle cannot exceed a certain temperature value, so as to avoid the performance of the target devices from being damaged during the power down process. Therefore, when the electric vehicle is powered off, the vehicle controller needs to control the state machine to jump from the high-voltage operation state to the thermal cooling state, and send a temperature detection instruction to the multiple target devices to acquire the temperature of each target device based on the thermal cooling state of the state machine. The hybrid controller may determine whether a corresponding thermal cooling operation needs to be performed based on the temperature of each target device.

And step 403, if the temperature of each target device in the target devices is determined to be smaller than the temperature threshold of the target device based on the temperature of the target device, controlling the state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from the thermal cooling state to a device disabling state.

After the vehicle control unit obtains the temperature of each target device in the plurality of target devices, whether the temperature of the target device is smaller than the temperature threshold of the target device or not can be judged based on a preset temperature threshold. If the temperatures of the target devices are all smaller than the corresponding temperature threshold values, the state machine can be controlled to jump from the thermal cooling state to the device disabling state.

If the vehicle control unit determines that the target device with the temperature greater than the temperature threshold exists based on the preset temperature threshold, a cooling instruction can be sent to a cooling device (such as an on-board air conditioner or a fan) in the electric vehicle based on the hot and cold state of the state machine. The cooling instructions can instruct the cooling device to cool the target device having a temperature greater than the temperature threshold so that the temperature of the target device can be reduced below its corresponding temperature threshold.

It is understood that the temperature thresholds of different target devices may be the same or different, and this is not limited in this embodiment of the application.

For example, for an engine, an engine controller coupled thereto may detect a water temperature and an intake air temperature of the engine. The temperature threshold of the engine water temperature may be 105 degrees celsius (° c), and the temperature threshold of the engine intake air temperature may be 63 ℃. For a motor, a motor controller connected thereto may detect a motor stator temperature of the motor. Also, the temperature threshold of the motor stator may be 145 ℃. For a DC-DC converter, the DC-DC controller connected to it can report its own temperature. Also, the temperature threshold of the DC-DC controller may be 63 ℃. For the vehicle-mounted charger, the OBC controller connected with the vehicle-mounted charger can detect and report the temperature of the OBC controller. Also, the temperature threshold of the OBC controller may be 63 ℃.

And step 404, enabling the state of the device based on the state machine of the vehicle control unit, and limiting a current instruction to the power management system.

Wherein the current limit instruction is used for instructing the power management system to reduce the output current of the battery. And after the vehicle control unit controls the state machine to jump to the device disabling state, the vehicle control unit can send a current limiting instruction to the power management system. After the power management system receives the current limiting instruction, the power management system can control the current transmitted to the load by the battery.

And 405, if the output current of the battery is smaller than the current threshold value, controlling a state machine of the vehicle controller to jump to a state of disconnecting the relay from a device non-enabled state.

And if the vehicle control unit determines that the output current of the battery is smaller than the current threshold value based on the battery information reported by the power management system, the vehicle control unit can control the state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from the device non-enabled state to the relay disconnection state. In the embodiment of the present application, the operating current output from the battery to the motor may be generally 20 to 30 amperes (a), and accordingly, the current threshold may be set to 5A.

It can be understood that by limiting the output current of the battery to below the current threshold, it is ensured that during subsequent power-down, the performance of the relay and the load to which the relay is connected is prevented from being impaired when the relay is turned off.

And step 406, sending a disconnection instruction to a power management system of the electric vehicle based on the disconnection relay state of the state machine of the vehicle control unit.

The disconnection instruction is used for instructing the power management system to control the relay to be disconnected. The relay in the power management system is respectively connected with a battery of the electric vehicle and a load in the electric vehicle, and the relay can be used for controlling the on-off of a loop between the battery and the load. The vehicle control unit can send a disconnection instruction to the power management system based on the disconnection relay state of the state machine. The power management system may control a relay for connecting the battery and the load to be in an off state based on the off instruction. Accordingly, the circuit between the battery and the load is also in an open state.

And 407, if the relay is determined to be disconnected, controlling the state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from a state of disconnecting the relay to a power-off state.

After the power management system controls the relay to be disconnected, relay state information can be sent to the vehicle control unit, and the relay state can be used for indicating whether the relay for connecting the battery and the load is disconnected. If the vehicle control unit determines that the relay for connecting the battery and the load is disconnected based on the relay state, the state machine of the vehicle control unit can be controlled to jump from the disconnected relay state to the power-off state.

And step 408, sending a pressure relief instruction to the power management system based on the power-off state of the state machine of the vehicle controller.

Wherein, this pressure release instruction is used for instructing the battery to carry out the voltage bleeder. After the vehicle control unit controls the state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from the state of the disconnection relay to the power-off state, a pressure relief instruction can be sent to the power management system. The power management system can control the output voltage of the battery to gradually decrease based on the pressure relief instruction. When the output voltage of the battery is reduced to 0V, the vehicle control unit can control the state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from a power-off state to a sleep state. At this point, the power-down of the electric vehicle is completed.

It is understood that, in the power-on control method shown in fig. 4, if the vehicle control unit detects that the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in any state fails, the power-off method shown in fig. 5 may be performed.

If the fault detection of the high-voltage devices in the low-voltage standby state fails, the relay in the power management system is not closed (i.e., is in the off state) in the low-voltage standby state, the target devices of the electric vehicle are not started, and the temperatures of the target devices are smaller than the temperature threshold. Therefore, in the low-voltage preparation state, the vehicle control unit can control the state machine of the vehicle control unit to quickly jump to a power-off state. For example, the vehicle control unit may directly send a voltage relief instruction to the power management system to reduce the output voltage of the battery to 0V, so as to complete power-off of the electric vehicle.

If the vehicle control unit determines that the fault detection of the high-voltage devices in the high-voltage pre-charging state fails, the relay in the power management system is attracted (namely in a closed state) in the high-voltage pre-charging state. However, a plurality of target devices of the electric vehicle are not started, and the temperature of the target devices is less than the temperature threshold value. Therefore, in the low-voltage standby state, the vehicle control unit can control the state machine of the vehicle control unit to quickly jump to a power-off state. For example, the vehicle control unit may sequentially send a current limiting instruction, a disconnection instruction, and a voltage relief instruction to the power management system to reduce the output current of the battery to 0A, disconnect a relay in the power management system, and finally reduce the output voltage of the battery to 0V, thereby completing power-off of the electric vehicle.

If the vehicle controller determines that the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in the power-on state fails or the state machine of the motor does not jump to the high-voltage standby state within the target time length, the power-off operation in the high-voltage pre-charging state may be performed as described above.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a power-on control device of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application, where the power-on control device of the electric vehicle may be applied to a vehicle control unit of the electric vehicle shown in fig. 1. Referring to fig. 6, the power-on control apparatus includes:

the control module 501 is configured to control a state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from a dormant state to a low-voltage standby state based on the received power-on instruction.

The transceiver module 502 is configured to send a low-voltage preparation instruction to a power management system and a motor controller of the electric vehicle, respectively, based on a low-voltage preparation state of a state machine of the vehicle controller, where the low-voltage preparation instruction is used to instruct the power management system to control the battery to enter the low-voltage preparation state and to instruct the motor controller to control the state machine of the motor to enter the low-voltage preparation state.

The control module 501 is further configured to control the state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from the low-voltage standby state to the power-up state if it is determined that the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in the electric vehicle passes and it is determined that the state machines of the battery and the motor are both in the low-voltage standby state.

The transceiver module 502 is further configured to send a high-voltage charging instruction to the power management system and the motor controller based on the power-on state of the state machine of the vehicle controller, where the high-voltage charging instruction is used to instruct the power management system to control the battery to perform high-voltage power-on, and is used to instruct the motor controller to control the state machine of the motor to jump from the low-voltage standby state to the high-voltage standby state; the high-voltage device comprises a battery and a motor, and comprises a load with an operating voltage higher than a first voltage threshold value in the electric vehicle.

Optionally, the transceiver module 502 is configured to receive fault information of a plurality of high-voltage devices.

The control module 501 is configured to determine that fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices passes if it is determined that the fault level of each high-voltage device is smaller than the level threshold based on the fault information of the plurality of high-voltage devices.

Optionally, the control module 501 is configured to control the state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from the low-voltage standby state to the high-voltage pre-charging state if it is determined that the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in the low-voltage standby state passes, it is determined that the state machines of the battery and the motor are in the low-voltage standby state, and the electric vehicle is in the parking range.

The transceiver module 502 is configured to send a high-voltage pre-charge command to a power management system of the electric vehicle based on a high-voltage pre-charge state of a state machine of the vehicle controller, where the high-voltage pre-charge command is used to instruct the power management system to control a relay to pull in and control a battery to perform high-voltage pre-charge, and the relay is connected to the battery and a load in the electric vehicle, respectively.

The control module 501 is configured to control the state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from the high-voltage pre-charge state to the power-up state if it is determined that the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in the high-voltage pre-charge state passes and it is determined that the pre-charge voltage of the battery is greater than the second voltage threshold.

Optionally, the control module 501 is configured to, based on a power-on state of a state machine of the vehicle controller, control the state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from the power-on state to a high-voltage operation state if it is determined that the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in the power-on state passes, it is determined that a voltage of a load loaded into the electric vehicle by the battery is greater than a third voltage threshold, and it is determined that the state machine of the electric machine is in a high-voltage standby state.

Optionally, the control module, 501, is configured to perform a power-down operation if it is determined that the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in the electric vehicle fails.

In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a power-on control device for an electric vehicle. In the process of electrifying the electric vehicle, the vehicle control unit can orderly control the working state of the high-voltage devices in the electric vehicle based on the state of the state machine of the vehicle control unit, so that each high-voltage device in the electric vehicle can be ensured to be electrified orderly. In addition, in the power-on process, the vehicle control unit controls the state machine to be in the power-on state after determining that the fault detection of each high-voltage device passes, so that the safety and the reliability of the power-on process are effectively ensured.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower electric control device of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application, where the lower electric control device of the electric vehicle may be applied to a vehicle control unit of the electric vehicle such as that shown in fig. 1. Referring to fig. 7, the power-off control apparatus of the electric vehicle includes:

the control module 601 is configured to, based on the received power-off instruction, control the state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from the high-voltage operating state to the relay-off state if it is determined that the temperature of each target device in the plurality of target devices in the electric vehicle is smaller than the temperature threshold of the target device.

The transceiver module 602 is configured to send a disconnection instruction to a power management system of the electric vehicle based on a state of a disconnection relay of a state machine of the vehicle control unit, where the disconnection instruction is used to instruct the power management system to control a relay to be disconnected, and the relay is connected to a battery of the electric vehicle and a load in the electric vehicle, respectively.

The control module 601 is further configured to control the state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from a relay-off state to a power-off state if it is determined that the relay is off.

The transceiver module 602 is further configured to send a voltage relief instruction to the power management system based on a power-off state of a state machine of the vehicle controller, where the voltage relief instruction is used to instruct the power management system to control the battery to perform voltage relief; the target device comprises an engine and a motor, and comprises a load with working voltage higher than a first voltage threshold value in a hybrid electric vehicle.

Optionally, the control module 601 is configured to control a state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from a high-voltage operating state to a hot cooling state based on the received power-off command.

The transceiver module 602 is configured to send a temperature detection instruction to the multiple target devices based on a thermal cooling state of a state machine of the vehicle controller, where the temperature detection instruction is used to instruct each target device to send a temperature of the target device to the vehicle controller.

The control module 601 is configured to control the state machine to jump from the thermal cooling state to the device disable state if it is determined that the temperature of each of the plurality of target devices is less than the temperature threshold of the target device based on the temperature of the target device.

The transceiver module 602 is configured to send a current limiting instruction to the power management system based on a device disable state of the state machine, where the current limiting instruction is used to instruct the power management system to reduce an output current of the battery.

The control module 601 is configured to control the state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from a device disable state to a relay off state if it is determined that the output current of the battery is smaller than the current threshold.

In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a power down control device for an electric vehicle. In the power-off process of the electric vehicle, the vehicle control unit can orderly control the working state of the target devices in the electric vehicle based on the state of the state machine, so that the target devices in the electric vehicle can be ensured to be powered off in order. In addition, in the power-off process, the vehicle control unit controls the state machine to be in the power-off state after determining that the temperature of each target device is smaller than the corresponding temperature threshold value, so that the safety and the reliability of the power-off process are effectively ensured.

It is to be understood that the power-on control device of the electric vehicle and the power-off control device of the electric vehicle provided in the above embodiments are only illustrated by the division of the above functional modules, and in practical applications, the above functions may be distributed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device may be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

In addition, the embodiment of the power-on control device of the electric vehicle and the embodiment of the power-on control method of the electric vehicle provided by the above embodiment belong to the same concept, the embodiment of the power-off control device of the electric vehicle and the embodiment of the power-off control method of the electric vehicle belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is described in the embodiment of the method and is not described again.

Embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement a power-on control method or a power-off control method of an electric vehicle provided in the above embodiments, for example, the method shown in fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, or fig. 5.

Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product containing instructions, which when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute a power-on control method or a power-off control method of an electric vehicle provided in the above method embodiments, for example, the method shown in fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, or fig. 5.

It is to be understood that the term "plurality" means two or more in the present application.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

The above description is only exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A power-on control method of an electric vehicle is applied to a vehicle control unit of the electric vehicle, and comprises the following steps:

sending a high-voltage charging instruction to the power management system and the motor controller based on the power-on state of the state machine of the vehicle controller, wherein the high-voltage charging instruction is used for indicating the power management system to control the battery to be powered on at high voltage and indicating the motor controller to control the state machine of the motor to jump from a low-voltage preparation state to a high-voltage preparation state;

wherein the high voltage device includes the battery and the motor, and includes a load in the electric vehicle whose operating voltage is higher than a first voltage threshold.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining that the fault detection of the plurality of high voltage devices in the electric vehicle passed comprises:

receiving fault information of the plurality of high-voltage devices;

and if the fault grade of each high-voltage device is determined to be smaller than the grade threshold value based on the fault information of the high-voltage devices, determining that the fault detection of the high-voltage devices passes.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein if the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in the electric vehicle is determined to be passed and the state machines of the battery and the motor are determined to be in a low-voltage standby state, controlling the state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from the low-voltage standby state to a power-up state comprises:

if the plurality of high-voltage devices are determined to pass fault detection in the low-voltage standby state, the state machines of the battery and the motor are determined to be in the low-voltage standby state, and the electric vehicle is in a parking gear, controlling the state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from the low-voltage standby state to a high-voltage pre-charging state;

sending a high-voltage pre-charging instruction to a power management system of the electric vehicle based on a high-voltage pre-charging state of a state machine of the vehicle control unit, wherein the high-voltage pre-charging instruction is used for indicating the power management system to control a relay to attract and control the battery to perform high-voltage pre-charging, and the relay is respectively connected with the battery and a load in the electric vehicle;

and if the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in the high-voltage pre-charging state is determined to be passed and the pre-charging voltage of the battery is determined to be greater than a second voltage threshold, controlling a state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from the high-voltage pre-charging state to a charging state.

4. The method of any of claims 1 to 3, further comprising:

and based on the power-on state of the state machine of the vehicle controller, if the plurality of high-voltage devices are determined to pass fault detection in the power-on state, the voltage of the load loaded into the electric vehicle by the battery is determined to be greater than a third voltage threshold, and the state machine of the motor is determined to be in a high-voltage standby state, controlling the state machine of the vehicle controller to jump from the power-on state to a high-voltage operation state.

5. A method according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the method further comprises:

and if the fault detection of the plurality of high-voltage devices in the electric vehicle is determined not to pass, executing power-off operation.

6. A power-off control method of an electric vehicle, which is applied to a vehicle control unit of the electric vehicle, comprises the following steps:

if the relay is determined to be disconnected, controlling a state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from the state of the disconnected relay to a power-off state;

sending a pressure relief instruction to the power management system based on the power-off state of the state machine of the vehicle control unit, wherein the pressure relief instruction is used for indicating the power management system to control the battery to perform voltage relief;

wherein the target device includes an engine and the motor, and includes a load in the hybrid vehicle in which an operating voltage is higher than a first voltage threshold.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the controlling the state machine of the hybrid vehicle controller to jump from the high-voltage operating state to the open relay state if it is determined that the temperature of each of the plurality of target devices in the electric vehicle is less than the temperature threshold of the target device based on the received power-down command comprises:

controlling a state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump from the high-voltage running state to a thermal cooling state based on the received power-off instruction;

sending a temperature detection instruction to the target devices based on the thermal cooling state of the state machine of the vehicle control unit, wherein the temperature detection instruction is used for instructing each target device to send the temperature of the target device to the vehicle control unit;

if the temperature of each target device in the target devices is determined to be smaller than the temperature threshold of the target device based on the temperature of the target device, controlling the state machine to jump from a thermal cooling state to a device de-enabling state;

based on the device disable state of the state machine, sending a current limiting instruction to the power management system, wherein the current limiting instruction is used for instructing the power management system to reduce the output current of the battery;

and if the output current of the battery is smaller than the current threshold value, controlling a state machine of the vehicle control unit to jump to a state of disconnecting the relay from a device non-enabled state.

8. A power-on control apparatus of an electric vehicle, characterized in that the apparatus comprises:

the transceiver module is further configured to send a high-voltage charging instruction to the power management system and the motor controller based on a power-on state of a state machine of the vehicle controller, where the high-voltage charging instruction is used to instruct the power management system to control the battery to perform high-voltage power-on, and is used to instruct the motor controller to control the state machine of the motor to jump from a low-voltage standby state to a high-voltage standby state;

9. A power-off control apparatus of an electric vehicle, characterized in that the apparatus comprises:

the transceiver module is further configured to send a voltage relief instruction to the power management system based on a power-off state of a state machine of the vehicle control unit, where the voltage relief instruction is used to instruct the power management system to control the battery to perform voltage relief;

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that the electric vehicle comprises: the system comprises a battery, a motor, a vehicle control unit and a load;

wherein the vehicle control unit is used for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.