CN111532137A - High-voltage power-on and power-off control method for new energy automobile - Google Patents

High-voltage power-on and power-off control method for new energy automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111532137A
CN111532137A CN202010400392.6A CN202010400392A CN111532137A CN 111532137 A CN111532137 A CN 111532137A CN 202010400392 A CN202010400392 A CN 202010400392A CN 111532137 A CN111532137 A CN 111532137A
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state
voltage
mcu
contactor
request
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CN111532137B (en
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高小杰
朱江
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Tsinghua University
Suzhou Automotive Research Institute of Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
Suzhou Automotive Research Institute of Tsinghua University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0084—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to control modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-voltage power-on and power-off control method for a new energy automobile, which divides high-voltage power-on and power-off control states into nine states: the method comprises the following steps of initializing a state, closing a contactor, closing the contactor, opening the contactor, completing high-voltage electrification, blocking the closing state of the contactor, blocking the opening state of the contactor and stopping emergently; the VCU sends a high-voltage power-on and power-off command request to the BMS, and the BMS controls the main negative relay, the pre-charging relay and the main positive relay after receiving the high-voltage power-on and power-off command request of the VCU; the VCU can send three working state requests of an initialization state, an enabling state and an emergency stop state to the MCU, and after the MCU receives the enabling state request and feeds back the ready state, the VCU can carry out torque or rotating speed mode control on the motor. The invention not only reduces the damage to the BMS system and the MCU system in the high-voltage power-on and power-off process, but also improves the safety and the robustness of the whole vehicle high-voltage power system.

Description

High-voltage power-on and power-off control method for new energy automobile
Technical Field
The invention relates to a new energy automobile, in particular to a high-voltage power-on and power-off control method for the new energy automobile.
Background
No matter hybrid vehicle or pure electric vehicles, wherein the power supply all includes one set of high-voltage power system, this also is the biggest difference with traditional automobile, consequently high voltage electricity safety problem, just become the vital problem of making the best at first, in addition because the whole car high pressure is gone up the electric process and can have high voltage and heavy current sudden change condition in the twinkling of an eye, unreasonable high pressure is gone up the electric sequence, not only can lead to contactor contact adhesion, the high-pressure insurance burns out the scheduling problem, and can lead to battery life reduction or even damage, in addition at the unreasonable high pressure low-voltage method of driving in-process, also can cause motor controller to go wrong. These problems all will make the whole car appear the potential safety hazard, reduce whole high-voltage system's reliability, and then influence passenger's personal safety. Therefore, the reasonable high-voltage power-on and power-off control method of the new energy automobile is of great importance to the reliability and service life of the whole high-voltage system and the safe running of the automobile.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention divides the system working states in the high-voltage power-on and power-off process of the whole vehicle aiming at various possible actual states fed back by various component systems such as a BMS, an MCU, a VCU and the like in the working process of the new energy vehicle, improves the fault tolerance of the high-voltage power-on and power-off process of the whole vehicle, makes different control methods according to different conditions to carry out safe and reliable control requests on the BMS and the MCU, prevents unreasonable high-voltage power-on and power-off conditions from damaging the BMS system and the MCU system, and improves the safety and the robustness of the high-voltage power system of the whole vehicle in the power.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a high-voltage power-on and power-off control method for a new energy automobile comprises the following steps: the high-voltage power-on and power-off control state is divided into nine states: the method comprises the following steps of initializing a state, closing a contactor, closing the contactor, opening the contactor, completing high-voltage electrification, blocking the closing state of the contactor, blocking the opening state of the contactor and stopping emergently; the contactor status is divided into six cases: an open state, a precharge state, a closed state, a sticky state, an unknown state, a fault state; the working state request sent by the VCU to the MCU is in three states: the VCU can carry out torque or rotating speed mode control on the motor after the MCU receives the enable state request and feeds back the ready state; the VCU sends high-voltage power-on and power-off command requests to the BMS, and after the BMS receives the high-voltage power-on and power-off command requests of the VCU, the BMS controls the main negative relay, the pre-charging relay and the main positive relay.
Preferably, after the VCU is powered on at low voltage, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control firstly enters and sends an initialization state, at this time, the VCU sends a high-voltage power-off request to the BMS, and the VCU sends an initialization state request to the MCU;
leave the initialization state under satisfying that MCU detects normally, BMS detects normally, key Start starts, contactor not unknown or the preliminary filling state under all circumstances: if the contactor is in an open state at the moment, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control enters and sends a state that the contactor is closed, and the VCU sends a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS at the moment; if the contactor is in a fault state and the voltage of the MCU is smaller than a calibrated safety value, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control enters and sends out a state of blocking the contactor to be closed, and sends out a state of a fault symptom I and carries out fault diagnosis management, otherwise, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control enters and sends out a state of initiating active discharge, and enters and sends out a state of blocking the contactor to be opened, and sends out a state of a fault symptom II and carries out fault.
Preferably, when leaving the contactor closing condition:
(1) if any one condition of Acc or Off state of the key, fault of an MCU system, fault of a BMS system and other high-voltage turn-Off requests is met, entering and sending a state that the contactor is in an open state, sending a high-voltage and low-voltage request to the BMS by the VCU at the moment, and sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU;
(2) if the conditions in the step (1) are not met and the main positive contactor and the main negative contactor are closed, entering and sending a contactor closing state, and sending a high-voltage electrifying request to the BMS by the VCU;
(3) if the conditions in the steps (1) and (2) are not met at the same time, and the closing time of the contactor is less than the calibration time value at the moment, returning to and sending the closing state of the contactor again and sending a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS;
(4) if all the conditions in (1), (2) and (3) are not met at the same time, entering and issuing a state of blocking the contactor to be closed, and issuing a state of a fault symptom I and performing fault diagnosis management.
Preferably, upon leaving the contactor closed condition:
(1) if all conditions that a contactor is closed, a high-voltage system has no fault, other high-voltage turn-off requests are not available, the voltage difference value between the BMS and the MCU is smaller than a calibration voltage value and the like are met at the same time, a high-voltage electrifying completion state is entered and sent, if a fault symptom I state exists, the fault symptom I state is changed into a fault symptom 0 state, fault diagnosis management is carried out, the VCU sends an enabling state request to the MCU, and after the motor is ready, a torque control or rotating speed control request can be sent to the MCU through the VCU;
(2) if the conditions in the step (1) are not met, but any one of the conditions of an Acc or Off state of a key, a fault of a whole vehicle high-voltage system and other high-voltage turn-Off requests is met, if the voltage of the MCU is greater than a safe voltage value at the moment, an active discharge task is initialized, a contactor is in an open state and is sent out, the VCU sends a high-voltage and low-voltage request to the BMS at the moment, the VCU sends an initialization state request to the MCU, if the voltage of the MCU is not greater than the safe voltage value at the moment, the VCU enters and sends out an initialization state, the VCU sends the high-voltage and low-;
(3) if the conditions (1) and (2) are not met, the contactor closing state is re-entered and sent out, and the VCU sends a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS.
Preferably, when leaving the blocking contactor closed condition:
(1) if all conditions of contactor closing, MCU system failure, BMS system failure, disconnection-free high voltage request, BMS voltage and MCU voltage difference value smaller than a calibration voltage value and the like are met at the same time, entering and sending a high voltage electrifying completion state, changing the failure symptom state into a failure symptom 0 state and carrying out failure diagnosis management, at the moment, sending an enabling state request to the MCU by the VCU, and after the motor is ready, sending a torque control or rotating speed control request to the MCU by the VCU so as to control the motor;
(2) if the condition in the step (1) is not met, but the key Off or Acc state or other high-voltage turn-Off requests are met, if the voltage of the MCU is greater than the safe voltage value at the moment, the active discharge task is initialized, the contactor is in an open state and sends out the voltage request of the VCU to the BMS, the VCU sends the initialization state request to the MCU, if the voltage of the MCU is not greater than the safe voltage value at the moment, the VCU enters and sends out the initialization state, at the moment, the VCU sends the high-voltage request to the BMS, and the VCU sends the initialization state request to the MCU.
Preferably, when leaving the high-voltage power-up completion state:
if any one of the key Off or Acc state, the contactor is opened, the MCU system fault, the BMS system fault, the high-voltage forced turn-Off request and other turn-Off high-voltage requests is met, in order to avoid the damage of the battery caused by the power-Off of the battery under load and the MCU damage caused by the high voltage of the motor under the conditions of low torque and low rotating speed, the MCU feedback actual torque and the rotating speed are required to be less than the standard value under reasonable and safe high voltage, or the initialization active discharge task is carried out when the current contactor is in any one of the conditions of the open state, the high-voltage system fault and other high-voltage turn-Off requests, the contactor enters and sends the open state of the contactor, at the moment, the VCU sends the high-voltage turn-Off request to the BMS, the VCU sends the initialization state request.
Preferably, when leaving the contactor opening condition:
(1) if the opening states of the main positive contactor and the main negative contactor are met, entering and sending the opening state of the contactors, sending a high-voltage low-voltage request to the BMS by the VCU, and sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU;
(2) if the condition in the step (1) is not met but the key is in the Acc or Off state and any one of the conditions of contactor opening overtime, contactor adhesion state, contactor fault state and BMS voltage and MCU voltage difference value smaller than a calibration value is met, activating an active discharge task, sending out a fault symptom II state, carrying out fault diagnosis management, and entering and sending out a state of hindering the contactor to be opened;
(3) if the conditions (1) and (2) are not met, if the conditions such as a key start starting state, no fault of a high-voltage system, no other contactor opening request and the like are met at the same time, a BMS high-voltage electrifying request and an initialized active discharging task are sent, if the contactor is in a closed state at the moment and the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than a calibration voltage value, a high-voltage electrifying completion state is entered and sent, the VCU sends an enabling state request to the MCU, after the MCU is ready, a torque control or rotating speed control request can be sent to the MCU through the VCU to further control the motor, and if the condition that the contactor is in a closed state or the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than the calibration voltage value is not met at the;
(4) if all the conditions of (1), (2) and (3) are not met, the contactor is re-entered into the opening state.
Preferably, when leaving the contactor open state:
(1) if the key is in one of the Acc or Off state, the MCU system fault, the BMS system fault and other high-voltage turn-Off requests, activating an active discharge task to carry out active discharge request on the MCU, if an active discharge completion mark exists, controlling the high-voltage power-on and power-Off to enter and send out an initialization state, at the moment, sending a high-voltage power-down request to the BMS by the VCU, sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU, if a fault symptom II state exists, changing the fault symptom II state into a fault symptom 0 state, carrying out fault diagnosis management, and if not, returning to the contactor opening state again.
(2) If the conditions in the step (1) are not met and the key start starting state is met, sending a BMS high-voltage power-on request and initializing an active discharge task, if the contactor is in a closed state at the moment and the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than a calibration voltage value, entering and sending a high-voltage power-on completion state, sending an enable state request to the MCU by the VCU, sending a torque control or rotating speed control request to the MCU by the VCU after the MCU is ready, further controlling the motor, and if the contactor is not in the closed state or the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than the calibration voltage value at the moment, entering and sending the contactor in the closed state;
(3) and if all the conditions of (1) and (2) are not met, re-entering the contactor opening state.
Preferably, when leaving the opening state of the frustrating contactor:
(1) if the conditions of a key start starting state, a contactor closing state, no faults of a BMS and an MCU system, no other contactor opening requests and the like are met at the same time, sending a BMS high-voltage electrifying request and initializing an active discharging task, entering and sending a high-voltage electrifying completion state, sending an enabling state request to an MCU by a VCU, and controlling the torque or the rotating speed of the motor after the MCU is ready;
(2) if the conditions in the step (1) are not met, if the contactor is opened and active discharging is completed at the moment, entering and sending an initialization state, changing the fault symptom state into a fault symptom 0 state and carrying out fault diagnosis management, wherein the VCU sends a high-voltage low-voltage request to the BMS and sends an initialization state request to the MCU;
(3) and if the conditions (1) and (2) are not met, activating the active discharge task and re-entering the opening state of the flexible contactor.
Preferably, for the active discharge task: whether an active discharge request is sent to the MCU or not is managed, whether the active discharge is completed or not is checked, and the time for activating the initialized active discharge task request or the active discharge task request is determined according to a vehicle high-voltage power-on and power-off control method;
when the initiative discharge initialization request is activated, the active discharge initialization state is entered, and the VCU sends an initiative discharge absence request and a forced initiative discharge absence request to the MCU; when an active discharge task is activated or an MCU requests active discharge due to serious internal problems, the active discharge in-progress state is entered, and a VCU sends an active discharge command request and a non-forced active discharge request to the MCU; and when the active discharge is carried out, if the conditions that the voltage of the MCU is lower than the calibrated safe voltage value and the motor stops working are judged to be met, the active discharge completion state is entered, and the VCU sends a no-active discharge request and a no-forced active discharge request to the MCU. If the active discharging request exists and the MCU is not reduced to the safe voltage value within the calibration time, the VCU enters a forced active discharging state and sends a forced active discharging command request to the MCU. Otherwise, continuously entering an ongoing state and executing an active discharging command; if the motor enters a forced active discharge state, when the active discharge is activated, the conditions that the voltage of the MCU is lower than a calibrated safe voltage value, the motor stops working and the active discharge time exceeds any one of calibrated values are met, the motor enters an active discharge completion state, the VCU sends a no-active discharge request and a no-forced active discharge request to the MCU, otherwise, the VCU continues to enter the forced active discharge state, and a forced active discharge command is executed.
Preferably, when there is a collision or a serious system failure that endangers safety, no matter what the current high-voltage power-on and power-off control state is, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control enters and issues an emergency stop state, at this time, the VCU sends a high-voltage power-on and power-off request to the BMS, the VCU sends an emergency stop state request to the MCU, and after entering the emergency stop state, the controller must be powered down at a low voltage to recover the high-voltage power-on and power-off control, and then the system enters an initialization state.
The invention has the advantages that:
according to the high-voltage power-on and power-off control method of the new energy automobile, the VCU divides the working states of the high-voltage power-on and power-off process of the new energy automobile according to various states fed back by the whole automobile system and aiming at various actual conditions possibly occurring in the high-voltage power-on and power-off process of the new energy automobile, different control methods and fault-tolerant mechanisms are made aiming at different conditions, and the high-voltage power system (BMS and MCU) of the new energy automobile is safely, reasonably and reliably controlled, so that the damage to the BMS system and the MCU system in the high-voltage power-on and power-off process is reduced, the safety and the robustness of the whole automobile high-voltage power system are improved, and the personal safety of.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a high-voltage power-on and power-off control method of a whole vehicle according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an active discharge control method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention divides the system working states in the whole vehicle high-voltage power-on and power-off process aiming at various possible actual states fed back by each component system such as a BMS, an MCU, a VCU and the like in the new energy vehicle working process, improves the fault tolerance of the whole vehicle high-voltage power-on and power-off process, makes different control methods according to different conditions to carry out safe and reliable control requests on the BMS and the MCU, prevents the damage of the unreasonable high-voltage power-on and power-off process on the BMS system and the MCU system, and improves the safety and the robustness of the whole vehicle high-voltage power system in the power-on and power-.
As shown in fig. 1, a high-voltage power-on and power-off control method for a new energy automobile includes: the high-voltage power-on and power-off control state is divided into nine states: the method comprises the following steps of initializing a state, closing a contactor, closing the contactor, opening the contactor, completing high-voltage electrification, blocking the closing state of the contactor, blocking the opening state of the contactor and stopping emergently; the contactor status is divided into six cases: an open state, a precharge state, a closed state, a sticky state, an unknown state, a fault state; the working state request sent by the VCU to the MCU is in three states: the VCU can carry out torque or rotating speed mode control on the motor after the MCU receives the enable state request and feeds back the ready state; the VCU sends high-voltage power-on and power-off command requests to the BMS, and after the BMS receives the high-voltage power-on and power-off command requests of the VCU, the BMS controls the main negative relay, the pre-charging relay and the main positive relay.
1. After the VCU is electrified at low voltage, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control firstly enters and sends an initialization state, at the moment, the VCU sends a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS, and the VCU sends an initialization state request to the MCU;
leave the initialization state under satisfying that MCU detects normally, BMS detects normally, key Start starts, contactor not unknown or the preliminary filling state under all circumstances: if the contactor is in an open state at the moment, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control enters and sends a state that the contactor is closed, and the VCU sends a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS at the moment; if the contactor is in a fault state and the voltage of the MCU is smaller than a calibrated safety value, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control enters and sends out a state of blocking the contactor to be closed, and sends out a state of a fault symptom I and carries out fault diagnosis management, otherwise, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control enters and sends out a state of initiating active discharge, and enters and sends out a state of blocking the contactor to be opened, and sends out a state of a fault symptom II and carries out fault.
2. Leaving the contactor closing state:
(1) if any one condition of Acc or Off state of the key, fault of an MCU system, fault of a BMS system and other high-voltage turn-Off requests is met, entering and sending a state that the contactor is in an open state, sending a high-voltage and low-voltage request to the BMS by the VCU at the moment, and sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU;
(2) if the conditions in the step (1) are not met and the main positive contactor and the main negative contactor are closed, entering and sending a contactor closing state, and sending a high-voltage electrifying request to the BMS by the VCU;
(3) if the conditions in the steps (1) and (2) are not met at the same time, and the closing time of the contactor is less than the calibration time value at the moment, returning to and sending the closing state of the contactor again and sending a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS;
(4) if all the conditions in (1), (2) and (3) are not met at the same time, entering and issuing a state of blocking the contactor to be closed, and issuing a state of a fault symptom I and performing fault diagnosis management.
3. When leaving the contactor closed state:
(1) if all conditions that a contactor is closed, a high-voltage system has no fault, other high-voltage turn-off requests are not available, the voltage difference value between the BMS and the MCU is smaller than a calibration voltage value and the like are met at the same time, a high-voltage electrifying completion state is entered and sent, if a fault symptom I state exists, the fault symptom I state is changed into a fault symptom 0 state, fault diagnosis management is carried out, the VCU sends an enabling state request to the MCU, and after the motor is ready, a torque control or rotating speed control request can be sent to the MCU through the VCU;
(2) if the conditions in the step (1) are not met, but any one of the conditions of an Acc or Off state of a key, a fault of a whole vehicle high-voltage system and other high-voltage turn-Off requests is met, if the voltage of the MCU is greater than a safe voltage value at the moment, an active discharge task is initialized, a contactor is in an open state and is sent out, the VCU sends a high-voltage and low-voltage request to the BMS at the moment, the VCU sends an initialization state request to the MCU, if the voltage of the MCU is not greater than the safe voltage value at the moment, the VCU enters and sends out an initialization state, the VCU sends the high-voltage and low-;
(3) if the conditions (1) and (2) are not met, the contactor closing state is re-entered and sent out, and the VCU sends a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS.
4. When the device leaves the state of closing the flexible contactor:
(1) if all conditions of contactor closing, MCU system failure, BMS system failure, disconnection-free high voltage request, BMS voltage and MCU voltage difference value smaller than a calibration voltage value and the like are met at the same time, entering and sending a high voltage electrifying completion state, changing the failure symptom state into a failure symptom 0 state and carrying out failure diagnosis management, at the moment, sending an enabling state request to the MCU by the VCU, and after the motor is ready, sending a torque control or rotating speed control request to the MCU by the VCU so as to control the motor;
(2) if the condition in the step (1) is not met, but the key Off or Acc state or other high-voltage turn-Off requests are met, if the voltage of the MCU is greater than the safe voltage value at the moment, the active discharge task is initialized, the contactor is in an open state and sends out the voltage request of the VCU to the BMS, the VCU sends the initialization state request to the MCU, if the voltage of the MCU is not greater than the safe voltage value at the moment, the VCU enters and sends out the initialization state, at the moment, the VCU sends the high-voltage request to the BMS, and the VCU sends the initialization state request to the MCU.
5. When leaving the high-voltage power-on completion state:
if any one of the key Off or Acc state, the contactor is opened, the MCU system fault, the BMS system fault, the high-voltage forced turn-Off request and other turn-Off high-voltage requests is met, in order to avoid the damage of the battery caused by the power-Off of the battery under load and the MCU damage caused by the high voltage of the motor under the conditions of low torque and low rotating speed, the MCU feedback actual torque and the rotating speed are required to be less than the standard value under reasonable and safe high voltage, or the initialization active discharge task is carried out when the current contactor is in any one of the conditions of the open state, the high-voltage system fault and other high-voltage turn-Off requests, the contactor enters and sends the open state of the contactor, at the moment, the VCU sends the high-voltage turn-Off request to the BMS, the VCU sends the initialization state request.
6. Leaving the contactor in the open state:
(1) if the opening states of the main positive contactor and the main negative contactor are met, entering and sending the opening state of the contactors, sending a high-voltage low-voltage request to the BMS by the VCU, and sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU;
(2) if the condition in the step (1) is not met but the key is in the Acc or Off state and any one of the conditions of contactor opening overtime, contactor adhesion state, contactor fault state and BMS voltage and MCU voltage difference value smaller than a calibration value is met, activating an active discharge task, sending out a fault symptom II state, carrying out fault diagnosis management, and entering and sending out a state of hindering the contactor to be opened;
(3) if the conditions (1) and (2) are not met, if the conditions such as a key start starting state, no fault of a high-voltage system, no other contactor opening request and the like are met at the same time, a BMS high-voltage electrifying request and an initialized active discharging task are sent, if the contactor is in a closed state at the moment and the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than a calibration voltage value, a high-voltage electrifying completion state is entered and sent, the VCU sends an enabling state request to the MCU, after the MCU is ready, a torque control or rotating speed control request can be sent to the MCU through the VCU to further control the motor, and if the condition that the contactor is in a closed state or the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than the calibration voltage value is not met at the;
(4) if all the conditions of (1), (2) and (3) are not met, the contactor is re-entered into the opening state.
7. When leaving the contactor open state:
(1) if the key is in one of the Acc or Off state, the MCU system fault, the BMS system fault and other high-voltage turn-Off requests, activating an active discharge task to carry out active discharge request on the MCU, if an active discharge completion mark exists, controlling the high-voltage power-on and power-Off to enter and send out an initialization state, at the moment, sending a high-voltage power-down request to the BMS by the VCU, sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU, if a fault symptom II state exists, changing the fault symptom II state into a fault symptom 0 state, carrying out fault diagnosis management, and if not, returning to the contactor opening state again.
(2) If the conditions in the step (1) are not met and the key start starting state is met, sending a BMS high-voltage power-on request and initializing an active discharge task, if the contactor is in a closed state at the moment and the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than a calibration voltage value, entering and sending a high-voltage power-on completion state, sending an enable state request to the MCU by the VCU, sending a torque control or rotating speed control request to the MCU by the VCU after the MCU is ready, further controlling the motor, and if the contactor is not in the closed state or the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than the calibration voltage value at the moment, entering and sending the contactor in the closed state;
(3) and if all the conditions of (1) and (2) are not met, re-entering the contactor opening state.
8. When the opening state of the flexible contactor is left:
(1) if the conditions of a key start starting state, a contactor closing state, no faults of a BMS and an MCU system, no other contactor opening requests and the like are met at the same time, sending a BMS high-voltage electrifying request and initializing an active discharging task, entering and sending a high-voltage electrifying completion state, sending an enabling state request to an MCU by a VCU, and controlling the torque or the rotating speed of the motor after the MCU is ready;
(2) if the conditions in the step (1) are not met, if the contactor is opened and active discharging is completed at the moment, entering and sending an initialization state, changing the fault symptom state into a fault symptom 0 state and carrying out fault diagnosis management, wherein the VCU sends a high-voltage low-voltage request to the BMS and sends an initialization state request to the MCU;
(3) and if the conditions (1) and (2) are not met, activating the active discharge task and re-entering the opening state of the flexible contactor.
9. For the active discharge task: as shown in fig. 2, whether to send an active discharge request to the MCU and whether to complete the active discharge are managed, and the timing of activating the initial active discharge task request or activating the active discharge task request is determined according to the entire vehicle high-voltage power-on/power-off control method.
When the initiative discharge initialization request is activated, the active discharge initialization state is entered, and the VCU sends an initiative discharge absence request and a forced initiative discharge absence request to the MCU; when an active discharge task is activated or an MCU requests active discharge due to serious internal problems, the active discharge in-progress state is entered, and a VCU sends an active discharge command request and a non-forced active discharge request to the MCU; and when the active discharge is carried out, if the conditions that the voltage of the MCU is lower than the calibrated safe voltage value and the motor stops working are judged to be met, the active discharge completion state is entered, and the VCU sends a no-active discharge request and a no-forced active discharge request to the MCU. If the active discharging request exists and the MCU is not reduced to the safe voltage value within the calibration time, the VCU enters a forced active discharging state and sends a forced active discharging command request to the MCU. Otherwise, continuously entering an ongoing state and executing an active discharging command; if the motor enters a forced active discharge state, when the active discharge is activated, the conditions that the voltage of the MCU is lower than a calibrated safe voltage value, the motor stops working and the active discharge time exceeds any one of calibrated values are met, the motor enters an active discharge completion state, the VCU sends a no-active discharge request and a no-forced active discharge request to the MCU, otherwise, the VCU continues to enter the forced active discharge state, and a forced active discharge command is executed.
10. When a collision exists or a serious fault endangering safety of a system occurs, no matter what state the current high-voltage power-on and power-off control state is, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control enters and sends an emergency stop state, at the moment, the VCU sends a high-voltage power-off request to the BMS, the VCU sends an emergency stop state request to the MCU, after the emergency stop state is entered, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control can be recovered after the controller is powered down, and the system enters an initialization state.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All modifications made according to the spirit of the main technical scheme of the invention are covered in the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (11)

1. A high-voltage power-on and power-off control method for a new energy automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the high-voltage power-on and power-off control state is divided into nine states: the method comprises the following steps of initializing a state, closing a contactor, closing the contactor, opening the contactor, completing high-voltage electrification, blocking the closing state of the contactor, blocking the opening state of the contactor and stopping emergently;
the contactor status is divided into six cases: an open state, a precharge state, a closed state, a sticky state, an unknown state, a fault state;
the working state request sent by the VCU to the MCU is in three states: the VCU can carry out torque or rotating speed mode control on the motor after the MCU receives the enable state request and feeds back the ready state;
the VCU sends high-voltage power-on and power-off command requests to the BMS, and after the BMS receives the high-voltage power-on and power-off command requests of the VCU, the BMS controls the main negative relay, the pre-charging relay and the main positive relay.
2. The high-voltage power-on and power-off control method of the new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein after the VCU is powered on at a low voltage, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control firstly enters and sends an initialization state, and at the moment, the VCU sends a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS and sends an initialization state request to the MCU;
leave the initialization state under satisfying that MCU detects normally, BMS detects normally, key Start starts, contactor not unknown or the preliminary filling state under all circumstances: if the contactor is in an open state at the moment, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control enters and sends a state that the contactor is closed, and the VCU sends a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS at the moment; if the contactor is in a fault state and the voltage of the MCU is smaller than a calibrated safety value, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control enters and sends out a state of blocking the contactor to be closed, and sends out a state of a fault symptom I and carries out fault diagnosis management, otherwise, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control enters and sends out a state of initiating active discharge, and enters and sends out a state of blocking the contactor to be opened, and sends out a state of a fault symptom II and carries out fault.
3. The high-voltage power-on and power-off control method for the new energy automobile according to claim 2, characterized in that when the contactor is in a closed state:
(1) if any one condition of Acc or Off state of the key, fault of an MCU system, fault of a BMS system and other high-voltage turn-Off requests is met, entering and sending a state that the contactor is in an open state, sending a high-voltage and low-voltage request to the BMS by the VCU at the moment, and sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU;
(2) if the conditions in the step (1) are not met and the main positive contactor and the main negative contactor are closed, entering and sending a contactor closing state, and sending a high-voltage electrifying request to the BMS by the VCU;
(3) if the conditions in the steps (1) and (2) are not met at the same time, and the closing time of the contactor is less than the calibration time value at the moment, returning to and sending the closing state of the contactor again and sending a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS;
(4) if all the conditions in (1), (2) and (3) are not met at the same time, entering and issuing a state of blocking the contactor to be closed, and issuing a state of a fault symptom I and performing fault diagnosis management.
4. The high-voltage power-on and power-off control method for the new energy automobile according to claim 3, characterized in that when the new energy automobile leaves a contactor closed state:
(1) if all conditions that a contactor is closed, a high-voltage system has no fault, other high-voltage turn-off requests are not available, the voltage difference value between the BMS and the MCU is smaller than a calibration voltage value and the like are met at the same time, a high-voltage electrifying completion state is entered and sent, if a fault symptom I state exists, the fault symptom I state is changed into a fault symptom 0 state, fault diagnosis management is carried out, the VCU sends an enabling state request to the MCU, and after the motor is ready, a torque control or rotating speed control request can be sent to the MCU through the VCU;
(2) if the conditions in the step (1) are not met, but any one of the conditions of an Acc or Off state of a key, a fault of a whole vehicle high-voltage system and other high-voltage turn-Off requests is met, if the voltage of the MCU is greater than a safe voltage value at the moment, an active discharge task is initialized, a contactor is in an open state and is sent out, the VCU sends a high-voltage and low-voltage request to the BMS at the moment, the VCU sends an initialization state request to the MCU, if the voltage of the MCU is not greater than the safe voltage value at the moment, the VCU enters and sends out an initialization state, the VCU sends the high-voltage and low-;
(3) if the conditions (1) and (2) are not met, the contactor closing state is re-entered and sent out, and the VCU sends a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS.
5. The high-voltage power-on and power-off control method for the new energy automobile according to claim 4, characterized in that when the state of the flexible contactor is left off:
(1) if all conditions of contactor closing, MCU system failure, BMS system failure, disconnection-free high voltage request, BMS voltage and MCU voltage difference value smaller than a calibration voltage value and the like are met at the same time, entering and sending a high voltage electrifying completion state, if a failure symptom state exists, changing the failure symptom state into a failure symptom 0 state and carrying out failure diagnosis management, at the moment, sending an enabling state request to the MCU by the VCU, and after the motor is ready, sending a torque control or rotating speed control request to the MCU by the VCU so as to control the motor;
(2) if the condition in the step (1) is not met, but the key Off or Acc state or other high-voltage turn-Off requests are met, if the voltage of the MCU is greater than the safe voltage value at the moment, the active discharge task is initialized, the contactor is in an open state and sends out the voltage request of the VCU to the BMS, the VCU sends the initialization state request to the MCU, if the voltage of the MCU is not greater than the safe voltage value at the moment, the VCU enters and sends out the initialization state, at the moment, the VCU sends the high-voltage request to the BMS, and the VCU sends the initialization state request to the MCU.
6. The high-voltage power-on and power-off control method for the new energy automobile according to claim 5, characterized in that when the high-voltage power-on completion state is left:
if any one of the key Off or Acc state, the contactor is opened, the MCU system fault, the BMS system fault, the high-voltage forced turn-Off request and other turn-Off high-voltage requests is met, in order to avoid the damage of the battery caused by the power-Off of the battery under load and the MCU damage caused by the high voltage of the motor under the conditions of low torque and low rotating speed, the MCU feedback actual torque and the rotating speed are required to be less than the standard value under reasonable and safe high voltage, or the initialization active discharge task is carried out when the current contactor is in any one of the conditions of the open state, the high-voltage system fault and other high-voltage turn-Off requests, the contactor enters and sends the open state of the contactor, at the moment, the VCU sends the high-voltage turn-Off request to the BMS, the VCU sends the initialization state request.
7. The high-voltage power-on and power-off control method for the new energy automobile according to claim 6, characterized in that when the contactor is in an opening state:
(1) if the opening states of the main positive contactor and the main negative contactor are met, entering and sending the opening state of the contactors, sending a high-voltage low-voltage request to the BMS by the VCU, and sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU;
(2) if the condition in the step (1) is not met but the key is in the Acc or Off state and any one of the conditions of contactor opening overtime, contactor adhesion state, contactor fault state and BMS voltage and MCU voltage difference value smaller than a calibration value is met, activating an active discharge task, sending out a fault symptom II state, carrying out fault diagnosis management, and entering and sending out a state of hindering the contactor to be opened;
(3) if the conditions (1) and (2) are not met, if the conditions such as a key start starting state, no fault of a high-voltage system, no other contactor opening request and the like are met at the same time, a BMS high-voltage electrifying request and an initialized active discharging task are sent, if the contactor is in a closed state at the moment and the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than a calibration voltage value, a high-voltage electrifying completion state is entered and sent, the VCU sends an enabling state request to the MCU, after the MCU is ready, a torque control or rotating speed control request can be sent to the MCU through the VCU to further control the motor, and if the condition that the contactor is in a closed state or the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than the calibration voltage value is not met at the;
(4) if all the conditions of (1), (2) and (3) are not met, the contactor is re-entered into the opening state.
8. The high-voltage power-on and power-off control method for the new energy automobile according to claim 7, characterized in that when the new energy automobile leaves the contactor opening state:
(1) if the key is in one of the Acc or Off state, the MCU system fault, the BMS system fault and other high-voltage turn-Off requests, activating an active discharge task, carrying out active discharge request on the MCU, if an active discharge completion mark exists, controlling the high-voltage power-on and power-Off to enter and send out an initialization state, at the moment, sending a high-voltage power-down request to the BMS by a VCU, sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU, if a fault symptom II state exists, changing the fault symptom II state into a fault symptom 0 state, carrying out fault diagnosis management, and if not, returning to the contactor opening state again;
(2) if the conditions in the step (1) are not met and the key start starting state is met, sending a BMS high-voltage power-on request and initializing an active discharge task, if the contactor is in a closed state at the moment and the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than a calibration voltage value, entering and sending a high-voltage power-on completion state, sending an enable state request to the MCU by the VCU, sending a torque control or rotating speed control request to the MCU by the VCU after the MCU is ready, further controlling the motor, and if the contactor is not in the closed state or the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than the calibration voltage value at the moment, entering and sending the contactor in the closed state;
(3) and if all the conditions of (1) and (2) are not met, re-entering the contactor opening state.
9. The high-voltage power-on and power-off control method for the new energy automobile according to claim 8, characterized in that when the opening state of the flexible contactor is left:
(1) if the conditions of a key start starting state, a contactor closing state, no faults of a BMS and an MCU system, no other contactor opening requests and the like are met at the same time, sending a BMS high-voltage electrifying request and initializing an active discharging task, entering and sending a high-voltage electrifying completion state, sending an enabling state request to an MCU by a VCU, and controlling the torque or the rotating speed of the motor after the MCU is ready;
(2) if the conditions in the step (1) are not met, if the contactor is opened and active discharging is completed at the moment, entering and sending an initialization state, changing the fault symptom state into a fault symptom 0 state and carrying out fault diagnosis management, wherein the VCU sends a high-voltage low-voltage request to the BMS and sends an initialization state request to the MCU;
(3) and if the conditions (1) and (2) are not met, activating the active discharge task and re-entering the opening state of the flexible contactor.
10. The high-voltage power-on and power-off control method for the new energy automobile according to claim 9, wherein for the active discharge task: whether an active discharge request is sent to the MCU or not is managed, whether the active discharge is completed or not is checked, and the time for activating the initialized active discharge task request or the active discharge task request is determined according to a vehicle high-voltage power-on and power-off control method;
when the initiative discharge initialization request is activated, the active discharge initialization state is entered, and the VCU sends an initiative discharge absence request and a forced initiative discharge absence request to the MCU; when an active discharge task is activated or an MCU requests active discharge due to serious internal problems, the active discharge in-progress state is entered, and a VCU sends an active discharge command request and a non-forced active discharge request to the MCU; when active discharging is carried out, if the conditions that the voltage of the MCU is lower than a calibrated safe voltage value and the motor stops working are judged to be met, an active discharging completion state is entered, and the VCU sends a no-active discharging request and a no-forced active discharging request to the MCU;
if the active discharge request exists and the MCU is not reduced to the safe voltage value within the calibration time, entering a forced active discharge state, and transmitting a forced active discharge command request to the MCU by the VCU;
otherwise, continuously entering an ongoing state and executing an active discharging command; if the motor enters a forced active discharge state, when the active discharge is activated, the conditions that the voltage of the MCU is lower than a calibrated safe voltage value, the motor stops working and the active discharge time exceeds any one of calibrated values are met, the motor enters an active discharge completion state, the VCU sends a no-active discharge request and a no-forced active discharge request to the MCU, otherwise, the VCU continues to enter the forced active discharge state, and a forced active discharge command is executed.
11. The high-voltage power-on and power-off control method of the new energy automobile according to claim 10, wherein when there is a collision or a serious system failure that endangers safety, no matter what the current high-voltage power-on and power-off control state is, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control enters and issues an emergency stop state, the VCU sends a high-voltage power-on and power-off request to the BMS, the VCU sends an emergency stop state request to the MCU, and after entering the emergency stop state, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control can be recovered after the controller has to perform low-voltage power-on and power-off.
CN202010400392.6A 2020-05-13 2020-05-13 New energy automobile high-voltage power-on and power-off control method Active CN111532137B (en)

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