CN111532137B - New energy automobile high-voltage power-on and power-off control method - Google Patents
New energy automobile high-voltage power-on and power-off control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111532137B CN111532137B CN202010400392.6A CN202010400392A CN111532137B CN 111532137 B CN111532137 B CN 111532137B CN 202010400392 A CN202010400392 A CN 202010400392A CN 111532137 B CN111532137 B CN 111532137B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0084—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to control modules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-voltage power-on and power-off control method for a new energy automobile, which divides the high-voltage power-on and power-off control state into nine states: an initialization state, a contactor closing state, a contactor opening state, a high voltage power-on completion state, a contactor blocking state, and an emergency stop state; the VCU sends high-voltage power-on and power-off command requests to the BMS, and the BMS controls the main negative relay, the pre-charging relay and the main positive relay after receiving the VCU high-voltage power-on and power-off command requests; the VCU can send three working state requests of an initialization state, an enabling state and an emergency stop state to the MCU, and the VCU can control the torque or rotating speed mode of the motor after the MCU receives the enabling state request and feeds back the ready state. The invention not only reduces the damage to the BMS system and the MCU system in the high-voltage power-on and power-off process, but also improves the safety and the robustness of the whole vehicle high-voltage power system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a new energy automobile, in particular to a high-voltage power-on and power-off control method of the new energy automobile.
Background
Whether hybrid electric vehicles or pure electric vehicles are concerned, the power source comprises a set of high-voltage power system, which is the biggest difference with the traditional vehicles, so the high-voltage electricity safety problem becomes the critical problem of the first time, in addition, because the instant high-voltage and heavy-current mutation condition exists in the high-voltage power-on and power-off process of the whole vehicle, the unreasonable high-voltage power-on and power-off sequence not only can cause the problems of contact adhesion, high-voltage insurance burnout and the like of the contactor, but also can cause the reduction and even damage of the service life of the battery, and in addition, the unreasonable high-voltage power-off method in the driving process can cause the problem of the motor controller. All these problems will make the whole car appear the potential safety hazard, reduce the reliability of whole high-pressure system, and then influence passenger's personal safety. Therefore, the reasonable high-voltage power-on and power-off control method of the new energy automobile is important for the reliability, the service life and the safe running of the whole high-voltage system.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the invention, aiming at various possible actual states fed back by various component systems such as BMS, MCU, VCU in the working process of the new energy automobile, the working states of the system in the whole automobile high-voltage power on-off process are divided, the fault tolerance performance of the whole automobile high-voltage power on-off process is improved, different control methods are formulated for different situations to carry out safe and reliable control requests on the BMS and the MCU, the damage of the unreasonable high-voltage power on-off conditions to the BMS system and the MCU system is prevented, and the safety and the robustness of the whole automobile high-voltage power system in the power on-off process are improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a high-voltage power-on and power-off control method for a new energy automobile comprises the following steps: the high-voltage power-on and power-off control states are divided into nine states: an initialization state, a contactor closing state, a contactor opening state, a high voltage power-on completion state, a contactor blocking state, and an emergency stop state; the contactor status is divided into six cases: an open state, a pre-charge state, a closed state, an adhesion state, an unknown state, and a fault state; the work state request sent by the VCU to the MCU is in three states: the VCU can control the torque or rotating speed mode of the motor after the MCU receives the request of the enabling state and feeds back the ready state; the VCU sends high-voltage power-on and power-off command requests to the BMS, and the BMS controls the main negative relay, the pre-charging relay and the main positive relay after receiving the VCU high-voltage power-on and power-off command requests.
Preferably, after the VCU is powered on at low voltage, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control firstly enters and sends an initialization state, at this time, the VCU sends a high-voltage power-off request to the BMS, and the VCU sends an initialization state request to the MCU;
under all conditions of meeting MCU detection normal, BMS detection normal, key Start starting and unknown or pre-charging state of the contactor, leaving the initialization state: if the contactor is in an open state at this time, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control enters and sends out that the contactor is in a closed state, and the VCU sends a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS at this time; if the contactor is in a fault state and the MCU voltage is smaller than the calibrated safety value, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control is performed to enter and send out a state of blocking the contactor, and a fault symptom I state and fault diagnosis management are sent out, otherwise, an initialization active discharging task is entered, and a state of blocking the contactor opening is entered and sent out, and a fault symptom II state and fault diagnosis management are sent out.
Preferably, when leaving the contactor in the closed state:
(1) If any one condition of key Acc or Off state, MCU system fault, BMS system fault and other high-voltage shutdown requests is met, entering and sending a contactor on-state, wherein the VCU sends a high-voltage power-down request to the BMS, and the VCU sends an initialization state request to the MCU;
(2) If the condition in (1) is not satisfied and the main positive and main negative contactors are closed, entering and sending a contactor closing state, and sending a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS by the VCU;
(3) If the conditions in (1) and (2) are not met at the same time, but when the closing time of the contactor is smaller than the calibrated time value, returning to and sending the closing state of the contactor again and sending a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS;
(4) If all conditions in (1), (2) and (3) are not satisfied at the same time, entering and sending out a state of blocking the closing of the contactor, sending out a state of fault symptoms I and carrying out fault diagnosis management.
Preferably, upon leaving the contactor closed state:
(1) If all conditions of closing of the contactor, no fault of the high-voltage system, no other high-voltage shutdown requests, a voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU voltage being smaller than a calibrated voltage value and the like are met at the same time, entering and sending a high-voltage power-on completion state, if a fault symptom I state exists, changing the fault symptom I state into a fault symptom 0 state, performing fault diagnosis management, sending an enabling state request to the MCU by the VCU, and sending a torque control or rotating speed control request to the MCU by the VCU after the motor is ready;
(2) If the condition in (1) is not met, but any condition of the key Acc or Off state, the fault of the whole vehicle high-voltage system and other high-voltage shutdown requests is met, if the MCU voltage is larger than the safe voltage value, initializing an active discharging task, entering and sending a contactor on state, sending a high-voltage down request to the BMS by the VCU, sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU, and if the MCU voltage is not larger than the safe voltage value, entering and sending an initialization state, sending a high-voltage down request to the BMS by the VCU, and sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU;
(3) If conditions (1) and (2) are not satisfied, the contactor off state is re-entered and issued, and the VCU sends a high voltage power-on request to the BMS.
Preferably, upon leaving the blocking contactor closed state:
(1) If all conditions of closing of a contactor, no fault of an MCU system, no fault of a BMS system, no fault of a high-voltage request of the BMS system, a difference value between BMS voltage and MCU voltage being smaller than a calibrated voltage value and the like are met at the same time, entering and sending a high-voltage power-on completion state, changing a fault symptom state into a fault symptom 0 state and carrying out fault diagnosis management, at the moment, sending an enabling state request to the MCU by the VCU, and after the motor is ready, sending a torque control or rotating speed control request to the MCU by the VCU, thereby controlling the motor;
(2) If the condition in (1) is not satisfied, but when the key Off or Acc state or other high-voltage shutdown requests are satisfied, if the MCU voltage is greater than the safe voltage value at this time, the active discharging task is initialized, the contactor is started and started, the VCU sends a high-voltage power-down request to the BMS at this time, the VCU sends an initialization state request to the MCU, if the MCU voltage is not greater than the safe voltage value at this time, the initialization state is started and started, the VCU sends a high-voltage power-down request to the BMS at this time, and the VCU sends an initialization state request to the MCU.
Preferably, upon exiting the high voltage power up completion state:
if any one of key Off or Acc state, contactor opening, MCU system fault, BMS system fault, high-voltage braking turn-Off request and other turn-Off high-voltage request is met, in order to avoid that battery damage may be caused by battery load power down, and MCU damage may occur due to high voltage under the conditions of low torque and low rotating speed, MCU feedback actual torque and rotating speed is required to be met when the motor is not in high voltage reasonably and safely, or an active discharge task is initialized when any one of the current contactor is in an open state, the high-voltage system fault and other high-voltage turn-Off request exists, the contactor is started and is started, at the moment, the VCU sends a high-voltage power-down request to the BMS, the VCU sends an initialization state request to the MCU, and otherwise, the high-voltage power-up completion state is returned.
Preferably, when leaving the contactor in the open state:
(1) If the opening states of the main positive contactor and the main negative contactor are met, entering and sending the opening states of the contactors, sending a high-voltage power-down request to the BMS by the VCU, and sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU;
(2) If the condition in the step (1) is not met but the key is in an Acc or Off state and any condition that the contactor is opened overtime, the contactor is stuck, the contactor is in a fault state and the voltage difference between the BMS and the MCU is smaller than a calibration value is met, activating an active discharging task, sending out a fault symptom II state and carrying out fault diagnosis management, and entering and sending out a state of blocking the contactor to be opened;
(3) If the conditions (1) and (2) are not met, if the conditions such as a key start starting state, no fault of a high-voltage system, no opening request of other contactors and the like are met at the same time, a BMS high-voltage power-on request is sent and an active discharging task is initialized, if the contactor is in a closed state and the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than a calibrated voltage value at the moment, a high-voltage power-on completion state is entered and sent, a VCU sends an enabling state request to the MCU, after the MCU is ready, a torque control or rotating speed control request can be sent to the MCU through the VCU, the motor is further controlled, and if the condition that the contactor is in the closed state or the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than the calibrated voltage value at the moment, the contactor is entered and the contactor is sent to be in the closed state;
(4) If all conditions (1), (2) and (3) are not satisfied, reentering the contactor is in an open state.
Preferably, upon leaving the contactor open state:
(1) If the condition that a key is in an Acc or Off state, an MCU system fault, a BMS system fault and other high-voltage shutdown requests is met, an active discharging task is activated to perform an active discharging request on the MCU, if an active discharging completion mark exists, the high-voltage power-on and power-Off control enters and an initialization state is sent out, at the moment, a VCU sends the high-voltage power-on request to the BMS, the VCU sends the initialization state request to the MCU, if a fault symptom II state exists, the fault symptom II state is changed into a fault symptom 0 state, fault diagnosis management is performed, and otherwise, the contactor is returned to an open state again.
(2) If the condition in the step (1) is not met and a key start starting state is met, sending a BMS high-voltage power-on request and initializing an active discharging task, if the contactor is in a closed state at the moment and the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than a calibrated voltage value, entering and sending a high-voltage power-on completion state, sending an enabling state request to the MCU by the VCU, and after the MCU is ready, sending a torque control or rotating speed control request to the MCU by the VCU, further controlling the motor, and if the contactor is not met in the closed state at the moment or the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than the calibrated voltage value, entering and sending the closing state of the contactor;
(3) If all conditions (1) and (2) are not satisfied, the contactor is re-opened.
Preferably, upon leaving the open state of the frustrating contactor:
(1) If the conditions of a key start starting state, a contactor closing state, no faults of a BMS and an MCU system, no other contactor opening requests and the like are met at the same time, a BMS high-voltage power-on request is sent and an active discharging task is initialized, a high-voltage power-on completion state is entered and sent, a VCU sends an enabling state request to an MCU, and after the MCU is ready, torque or rotating speed control is carried out on a motor;
(2) If the condition in the step (1) is not met, if the contactor is opened and the active discharge is completed at the moment, entering and sending an initialization state, changing the fault symptom state into a fault symptom 0 state and carrying out fault diagnosis management, and sending a high-voltage power-down request to the BMS by the VCU at the moment, and sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU;
(3) And (3) if the conditions (1) and (2) are not met, activating an active discharging task and re-entering a state of resisting the opening of the contactor.
Preferably, for the active discharge task: managing whether to send an active discharge request to the MCU, checking whether the active discharge is completed, and determining the time for activating and initializing the active discharge task request or activating the active discharge task request according to the high-voltage power-on and power-off control method of the whole vehicle;
when an active discharge request is activated and initialized, an active discharge initialization state is entered, and a VCU sends an active discharge-free request and a forced active discharge-free request to an MCU; when an active discharge task is activated or an MCU (micro control unit) requests active discharge due to serious internal problems, entering an active discharge in-progress state, and sending an active discharge command request and a non-forced active discharge request to the MCU by the VCU; and when the active discharge is performed, if the MCU voltage is lower than the calibrated safe voltage value and the motor stops working condition, entering an active discharge completion state, and sending an active discharge-free request and a forced active discharge-free request to the MCU by the VCU. If an active discharge request exists, and the MCU does not reduce to a safe voltage value within a calibrated time, entering a forced active discharge state, and sending a forced active discharge command request to the MCU by the VCU. Otherwise, continuing to enter an in-process state and executing an active discharge command; if the MCU voltage is lower than the calibrated safe voltage value and the motor stop working condition and the active discharge time exceeds any condition of the calibrated value while the active discharge is activated, the MCU is in an active discharge completion state, the VCU sends an active discharge-free request and an active discharge-free request to the MCU, otherwise, the MCU is in an active discharge-free state, and a forced active discharge command is executed.
Preferably, when there is an impact or a serious fault that jeopardizes safety of the system, no matter what state the current high-voltage power-on and power-off control state is, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control enters and sends an emergency stop state, at this time, the VCU sends a high-voltage power-off request to the BMS, the VCU sends an emergency stop state request to the MCU, and after entering the emergency stop state, the controller must be powered down at a low voltage, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control can be restored, and the initialization state is entered.
The invention has the advantages that:
according to the high-voltage power on/off control method of the new energy automobile, the VCU divides the working states of the whole automobile in the high-voltage power on/off control process of the new energy automobile according to various states fed back in the whole automobile system and aiming at various actual conditions possibly occurring in the high-voltage power on/off control process, different control methods and fault-tolerant mechanisms are made according to different conditions, the high-voltage power system (BMS, MCU) of the new energy automobile is controlled safely, reasonably and reliably, damage to the BMS system and the MCU system in the high-voltage power on/off process is reduced, safety and robustness of the whole automobile high-voltage power system are improved, and personal safety of passengers is further guaranteed.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a high-voltage power-on and power-off control method of a whole vehicle;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of an active discharge control method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
According to the invention, aiming at various possible actual states fed back by various component systems such as BMS, MCU, VCU in the working process of the new energy automobile, the working states of the system in the whole automobile high-voltage power on-off process are divided, the fault tolerance performance of the whole automobile high-voltage power on-off process is improved, different control methods are formulated for different situations to carry out safe and reliable control requests on the BMS and the MCU, the damage to the BMS system and the MCU system caused by the unreasonable high-voltage power on-off process is prevented, and the safety and the robustness in the whole automobile high-voltage power system on-off process are improved.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for controlling high-voltage power-on and power-off of a new energy automobile comprises the following steps: the high-voltage power-on and power-off control states are divided into nine states: an initialization state, a contactor closing state, a contactor opening state, a high voltage power-on completion state, a contactor blocking state, and an emergency stop state; the contactor status is divided into six cases: an open state, a pre-charge state, a closed state, an adhesion state, an unknown state, and a fault state; the work state request sent by the VCU to the MCU is in three states: the VCU can control the torque or rotating speed mode of the motor after the MCU receives the request of the enabling state and feeds back the ready state; the VCU sends high-voltage power-on and power-off command requests to the BMS, and the BMS controls the main negative relay, the pre-charging relay and the main positive relay after receiving the VCU high-voltage power-on and power-off command requests.
1. After the VCU is powered on at low voltage, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control firstly enters and sends an initialization state, at the moment, the VCU sends a high-voltage power-off request to the BMS, and the VCU sends an initialization state request to the MCU;
under all conditions of meeting MCU detection normal, BMS detection normal, key Start starting and unknown or pre-charging state of the contactor, leaving the initialization state: if the contactor is in an open state at this time, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control enters and sends out that the contactor is in a closed state, and the VCU sends a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS at this time; if the contactor is in a fault state and the MCU voltage is smaller than the calibrated safety value, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control is performed to enter and send out a state of blocking the contactor, and a fault symptom I state and fault diagnosis management are sent out, otherwise, an initialization active discharging task is entered, and a state of blocking the contactor opening is entered and sent out, and a fault symptom II state and fault diagnosis management are sent out.
2. Leaving the contactor in the closed state:
(1) If any one condition of key Acc or Off state, MCU system fault, BMS system fault and other high-voltage shutdown requests is met, entering and sending a contactor on-state, wherein the VCU sends a high-voltage power-down request to the BMS, and the VCU sends an initialization state request to the MCU;
(2) If the condition in (1) is not satisfied and the main positive and main negative contactors are closed, entering and sending a contactor closing state, and sending a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS by the VCU;
(3) If the conditions in (1) and (2) are not met at the same time, but when the closing time of the contactor is smaller than the calibrated time value, returning to and sending the closing state of the contactor again and sending a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS;
(4) If all conditions in (1), (2) and (3) are not satisfied at the same time, entering and sending out a state of blocking the closing of the contactor, sending out a state of fault symptoms I and carrying out fault diagnosis management.
3. When leaving the contactor closed state:
(1) If all conditions of closing of the contactor, no fault of the high-voltage system, no other high-voltage shutdown requests, a voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU voltage being smaller than a calibrated voltage value and the like are met at the same time, entering and sending a high-voltage power-on completion state, if a fault symptom I state exists, changing the fault symptom I state into a fault symptom 0 state, performing fault diagnosis management, sending an enabling state request to the MCU by the VCU, and sending a torque control or rotating speed control request to the MCU by the VCU after the motor is ready;
(2) If the condition in (1) is not met, but any condition of the key Acc or Off state, the fault of the whole vehicle high-voltage system and other high-voltage shutdown requests is met, if the MCU voltage is larger than the safe voltage value, initializing an active discharging task, entering and sending a contactor on state, sending a high-voltage down request to the BMS by the VCU, sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU, and if the MCU voltage is not larger than the safe voltage value, entering and sending an initialization state, sending a high-voltage down request to the BMS by the VCU, and sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU;
(3) If conditions (1) and (2) are not satisfied, the contactor off state is re-entered and issued, and the VCU sends a high voltage power-on request to the BMS.
4. When leaving the blocking contactor closed state:
(1) If all conditions of closing of a contactor, no fault of an MCU system, no fault of a BMS system, no fault of a high-voltage request of the BMS system, a difference value between BMS voltage and MCU voltage being smaller than a calibrated voltage value and the like are met at the same time, entering and sending a high-voltage power-on completion state, changing a fault symptom state into a fault symptom 0 state and carrying out fault diagnosis management, at the moment, sending an enabling state request to the MCU by the VCU, and after the motor is ready, sending a torque control or rotating speed control request to the MCU by the VCU, thereby controlling the motor;
(2) If the condition in (1) is not satisfied, but when the key Off or Acc state or other high-voltage shutdown requests are satisfied, if the MCU voltage is greater than the safe voltage value at this time, the active discharging task is initialized, the contactor is started and started, the VCU sends a high-voltage power-down request to the BMS at this time, the VCU sends an initialization state request to the MCU, if the MCU voltage is not greater than the safe voltage value at this time, the initialization state is started and started, the VCU sends a high-voltage power-down request to the BMS at this time, and the VCU sends an initialization state request to the MCU.
5. Leaving the high voltage power-on completion state:
if any one of key Off or Acc state, contactor opening, MCU system fault, BMS system fault, high-voltage braking turn-Off request and other turn-Off high-voltage request is met, in order to avoid that battery damage may be caused by battery load power down, and MCU damage may occur due to high voltage under the conditions of low torque and low rotating speed, MCU feedback actual torque and rotating speed is required to be met when the motor is not in high voltage reasonably and safely, or an active discharge task is initialized when any one of the current contactor is in an open state, the high-voltage system fault and other high-voltage turn-Off request exists, the contactor is started and is started, at the moment, the VCU sends a high-voltage power-down request to the BMS, the VCU sends an initialization state request to the MCU, and otherwise, the high-voltage power-up completion state is returned.
6. Leaving the contactor in the open state:
(1) If the opening states of the main positive contactor and the main negative contactor are met, entering and sending the opening states of the contactors, sending a high-voltage power-down request to the BMS by the VCU, and sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU;
(2) If the condition in the step (1) is not met but the key is in an Acc or Off state and any condition that the contactor is opened overtime, the contactor is stuck, the contactor is in a fault state and the voltage difference between the BMS and the MCU is smaller than a calibration value is met, activating an active discharging task, sending out a fault symptom II state and carrying out fault diagnosis management, and entering and sending out a state of blocking the contactor to be opened;
(3) If the conditions (1) and (2) are not met, if the conditions such as a key start starting state, no fault of a high-voltage system, no opening request of other contactors and the like are met at the same time, a BMS high-voltage power-on request is sent and an active discharging task is initialized, if the contactor is in a closed state and the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than a calibrated voltage value at the moment, a high-voltage power-on completion state is entered and sent, a VCU sends an enabling state request to the MCU, after the MCU is ready, a torque control or rotating speed control request can be sent to the MCU through the VCU, the motor is further controlled, and if the condition that the contactor is in the closed state or the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than the calibrated voltage value at the moment, the contactor is entered and the contactor is sent to be in the closed state;
(4) If all conditions (1), (2) and (3) are not satisfied, reentering the contactor is in an open state.
7. When leaving the contactor open state:
(1) If the condition that a key is in an Acc or Off state, an MCU system fault, a BMS system fault and other high-voltage shutdown requests is met, an active discharging task is activated to perform an active discharging request on the MCU, if an active discharging completion mark exists, the high-voltage power-on and power-Off control enters and an initialization state is sent out, at the moment, a VCU sends the high-voltage power-on request to the BMS, the VCU sends the initialization state request to the MCU, if a fault symptom II state exists, the fault symptom II state is changed into a fault symptom 0 state, fault diagnosis management is performed, and otherwise, the contactor is returned to an open state again.
(2) If the condition in the step (1) is not met and a key start starting state is met, sending a BMS high-voltage power-on request and initializing an active discharging task, if the contactor is in a closed state at the moment and the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than a calibrated voltage value, entering and sending a high-voltage power-on completion state, sending an enabling state request to the MCU by the VCU, and after the MCU is ready, sending a torque control or rotating speed control request to the MCU by the VCU, further controlling the motor, and if the contactor is not met in the closed state at the moment or the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than the calibrated voltage value, entering and sending the closing state of the contactor;
(3) If all conditions (1) and (2) are not satisfied, the contactor is re-opened.
8. When leaving the open state of the frustrating contactor:
(1) If the conditions of a key start starting state, a contactor closing state, no faults of a BMS and an MCU system, no other contactor opening requests and the like are met at the same time, a BMS high-voltage power-on request is sent and an active discharging task is initialized, a high-voltage power-on completion state is entered and sent, a VCU sends an enabling state request to an MCU, and after the MCU is ready, torque or rotating speed control is carried out on a motor;
(2) If the condition in the step (1) is not met, if the contactor is opened and the active discharge is completed at the moment, entering and sending an initialization state, changing the fault symptom state into a fault symptom 0 state and carrying out fault diagnosis management, and sending a high-voltage power-down request to the BMS by the VCU at the moment, and sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU;
(3) And (3) if the conditions (1) and (2) are not met, activating an active discharging task and re-entering a state of resisting the opening of the contactor.
9. For the active discharge task: as shown in fig. 2, whether to send an active discharge request to the MCU is managed, whether to finish the active discharge is checked, and the time for activating and initializing the active discharge task request or activating the active discharge task request is determined according to the vehicle high-voltage power-on and power-off control method.
When an active discharge request is activated and initialized, an active discharge initialization state is entered, and a VCU sends an active discharge-free request and a forced active discharge-free request to an MCU; when an active discharge task is activated or an MCU (micro control unit) requests active discharge due to serious internal problems, entering an active discharge in-progress state, and sending an active discharge command request and a non-forced active discharge request to the MCU by the VCU; and when the active discharge is performed, if the MCU voltage is lower than the calibrated safe voltage value and the motor stops working condition, entering an active discharge completion state, and sending an active discharge-free request and a forced active discharge-free request to the MCU by the VCU. If an active discharge request exists, and the MCU does not reduce to a safe voltage value within a calibrated time, entering a forced active discharge state, and sending a forced active discharge command request to the MCU by the VCU. Otherwise, continuing to enter an in-process state and executing an active discharge command; if the MCU voltage is lower than the calibrated safe voltage value and the motor stop working condition and the active discharge time exceeds any condition of the calibrated value while the active discharge is activated, the MCU is in an active discharge completion state, the VCU sends an active discharge-free request and an active discharge-free request to the MCU, otherwise, the MCU is in an active discharge-free state, and a forced active discharge command is executed.
10. When the collision or serious faults of the system occur, no matter what state the current high-voltage power-on and power-off control state is, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control enters and sends an emergency stop state, at the moment, the VCU sends a high-voltage power-off request to the BMS, the VCU sends an emergency stop state request to the MCU, and after entering the emergency stop state, the controller must be powered down under low voltage, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control can be restored, and the initialization state is entered.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the same according to the content of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All modifications made according to the spirit of the main technical proposal of the invention should be covered in the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. The high-voltage power-on and power-off control method for the new energy automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the high-voltage power-on and power-off control states are divided into nine states: an initialization state, a contactor closing state, a contactor opening state, a high voltage power-on completion state, a contactor blocking state, and an emergency stop state;
the contactor status is divided into six cases: an open state, a pre-charge state, a closed state, an adhesion state, an unknown state, and a fault state;
the work state request sent by the VCU to the MCU is in three states: the VCU can control the torque or rotating speed mode of the motor after the MCU receives the request of the enabling state and feeds back the ready state;
the VCU sends high-voltage power-on and power-off command requests to the BMS, and the BMS controls the main negative relay, the pre-charging relay and the main positive relay after receiving the VCU high-voltage power-on and power-off command requests;
after the VCU is powered on at low voltage, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control firstly enters and sends an initialization state, at the moment, the VCU sends a high-voltage power-off request to the BMS, and the VCU sends an initialization state request to the MCU;
under all conditions of meeting MCU detection normal, BMS detection normal, key Start starting and unknown or pre-charging state of the contactor, leaving the initialization state: if the contactor is in an open state at this time, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control enters and sends out that the contactor is in a closed state, and the VCU sends a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS at this time; if the contactor is in a fault state and the MCU voltage is smaller than a calibrated safety value, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control is performed to enter and send out a state of blocking the contactor, and a fault symptom I state is sent out and fault diagnosis management is performed, otherwise, an initialization active discharging task is entered, and the state of blocking the contactor is entered and sent out, and a fault symptom II state is sent out and fault diagnosis management is performed;
leaving the contactor in the closed state:
(1) If any one condition of key Acc or Off state, MCU system fault, BMS system fault and other high-voltage shutdown requests is met, entering and sending a contactor on-state, wherein the VCU sends a high-voltage power-down request to the BMS, and the VCU sends an initialization state request to the MCU;
(2) If the condition in (1) is not satisfied and the main positive and main negative contactors are closed, entering and sending a contactor closing state, and sending a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS by the VCU;
(3) If the conditions in (1) and (2) are not met at the same time, but when the closing time of the contactor is smaller than the calibrated time value, returning to and sending the closing state of the contactor again and sending a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS;
(4) If all conditions in (1), (2) and (3) are not met, entering and sending out a state of blocking the closing of the contactor, sending out a state of fault symptoms I and carrying out fault diagnosis management;
when leaving the contactor closed state:
(1) If all conditions of closing of the contactor, no fault of the high-voltage system, no other high-voltage shutdown requests, a voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU voltage being smaller than a calibrated voltage value and the like are met at the same time, entering and sending a high-voltage power-on completion state, if a fault symptom I state exists, changing the fault symptom I state into a fault symptom 0 state, performing fault diagnosis management, sending an enabling state request to the MCU by the VCU, and sending a torque control or rotating speed control request to the MCU by the VCU after the motor is ready;
(2) If the condition in (1) is not met, but any condition of the key Acc or Off state, the fault of the whole vehicle high-voltage system and other high-voltage shutdown requests is met, if the MCU voltage is larger than the safe voltage value, initializing an active discharging task, entering and sending a contactor on state, sending a high-voltage down request to the BMS by the VCU, sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU, and if the MCU voltage is not larger than the safe voltage value, entering and sending an initialization state, sending a high-voltage down request to the BMS by the VCU, and sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU;
(3) If the conditions (1) and (2) are not met, re-entering and sending a contactor closing state, and sending a high-voltage power-on request to the BMS by the VCU;
when leaving the blocking contactor closed state:
(1) If all conditions of closing of a contactor, no fault of an MCU system, no fault of a BMS system, no fault of a high-voltage request of the BMS system, a difference value between BMS voltage and MCU voltage being smaller than a calibrated voltage value and the like are met at the same time, a high-voltage power-on completion state is entered and sent, if a fault symptom state is changed into a fault symptom 0 state and fault diagnosis management is carried out, a VCU sends an enabling state request to the MCU, and after a motor is ready, a torque control or rotating speed control request can be sent to the MCU through the VCU, so that the motor is controlled;
(2) If the condition in (1) is not met, but when the key Off or Acc state or other high-voltage shutdown requests are met, if the MCU voltage is larger than the safe voltage value at the moment, initializing an active discharging task, entering and sending a contactor in an on state, sending a high-voltage down request to the BMS by the VCU, sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU, and if the MCU voltage is not larger than the safe voltage value at the moment, entering and sending an initialization state, sending a high-voltage down request to the BMS by the VCU, and sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU;
leaving the high voltage power-on completion state:
if any one of key Off or Acc state, contactor opening, MCU system fault, BMS system fault, high-voltage braking turn-Off request and other turn-Off high-voltage request is met, in order to avoid that battery damage may be caused by battery load power down, and MCU damage may occur due to high voltage under the conditions of low torque and low rotating speed, MCU feedback actual torque and rotating speed is required to be met when the motor is reasonably and safely at high voltage or an active discharge task is initialized when any one of the current contactor is in an open state, the high-voltage system fault and other high-voltage turn-Off request exists, the contactor is started and the contactor is started, at the moment, VCU sends a high-voltage power-down request to BMS, VCU sends an initialization state request to MCU, otherwise, the state returns to a high-voltage power-up completion state again;
leaving the contactor in the open state:
(1) If the opening states of the main positive contactor and the main negative contactor are met, entering and sending the opening states of the contactors, sending a high-voltage power-down request to the BMS by the VCU, and sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU;
(2) If the condition in the step (1) is not met but the key is in an Acc or Off state and any condition that the contactor is opened overtime, the contactor is stuck, the contactor is in a fault state and the voltage difference between the BMS and the MCU is smaller than a calibration value is met, activating an active discharging task, sending out a fault symptom II state and carrying out fault diagnosis management, and entering and sending out a state of blocking the contactor to be opened;
(3) If the conditions (1) and (2) are not met, if the conditions such as a key start starting state, no fault of a high-voltage system, no opening request of other contactors and the like are met at the same time, a BMS high-voltage power-on request is sent and an active discharging task is initialized, if the contactor is in a closed state and the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than a calibrated voltage value at the moment, a high-voltage power-on completion state is entered and sent, a VCU sends an enabling state request to the MCU, after the MCU is ready, a torque control or rotating speed control request can be sent to the MCU through the VCU, the motor is further controlled, and if the condition that the contactor is in the closed state or the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than the calibrated voltage value at the moment, the contactor is entered and the contactor is sent to be in the closed state;
(4) If all conditions (1), (2) and (3) are not met, reentering the contactor in the on state;
when leaving the contactor open state:
(1) If the condition that a key is in one of Acc or Off state, MCU system fault, BMS system fault and other high-voltage shutdown requests is met, an active discharging task is activated to perform an active discharging request on the MCU, if an active discharging completion mark exists, high-voltage power-on and power-Off control enters and an initialization state is sent out, at the moment, VCU sends the high-voltage power-on request to the BMS, VCU sends the initialization state request to the MCU, if a fault symptom II state exists, the fault symptom II state is changed into a fault symptom 0 state, fault diagnosis management is performed, and otherwise, the contactor is returned to an open state again;
(2) If the condition in the step (1) is not met and a key start starting state is met, sending a BMS high-voltage power-on request and initializing an active discharging task, if the contactor is in a closed state at the moment and the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than a calibrated voltage value, entering and sending a high-voltage power-on completion state, sending an enabling state request to the MCU by the VCU, and after the MCU is ready, sending a torque control or rotating speed control request to the MCU by the VCU, further controlling the motor, and if the contactor is not met in the closed state at the moment or the voltage difference value between the BMS voltage and the MCU is smaller than the calibrated voltage value, entering and sending the closing state of the contactor;
(3) If all conditions (1) and (2) are not met, reentering the contactor opening state;
when leaving the open state of the frustrating contactor:
(1) If the conditions of a key start starting state, a contactor closing state, no faults of a BMS and an MCU system, no other contactor opening requests and the like are met at the same time, a BMS high-voltage power-on request is sent and an active discharging task is initialized, a high-voltage power-on completion state is entered and sent, a VCU sends an enabling state request to an MCU, and after the MCU is ready, torque or rotating speed control is carried out on a motor;
(2) If the condition in the step (1) is not met, if the contactor is opened and the active discharge is completed at the moment, entering and sending an initialization state, changing the fault symptom state into a fault symptom 0 state and carrying out fault diagnosis management, and sending a high-voltage power-down request to the BMS by the VCU at the moment, and sending an initialization state request to the MCU by the VCU;
(3) If the conditions (1) and (2) are not met at the same time, activating an active discharging task and reentering the state of opening the frustrating contactor;
for the active discharge task: managing whether to send an active discharge request to the MCU, checking whether the active discharge is completed, and determining the time for activating and initializing the active discharge task request or activating the active discharge task request according to the high-voltage power-on and power-off control method of the whole vehicle;
when an active discharge request is activated and initialized, an active discharge initialization state is entered, and a VCU sends an active discharge-free request and a forced active discharge-free request to an MCU; when an active discharge task is activated or an MCU (micro control unit) requests active discharge due to serious internal problems, entering an active discharge in-progress state, and sending an active discharge command request and a non-forced active discharge request to the MCU by the VCU; when the active discharge is carried out, if the MCU voltage is judged to be lower than the calibrated safe voltage value and the motor stops working condition, entering an active discharge completion state, and sending an active discharge-free request and a forced active discharge-free request to the MCU by the VCU;
if an active discharge request exists, and the MCU does not reduce to a safe voltage value within a calibration time, entering a forced active discharge state, and sending a forced active discharge command request to the MCU by the VCU;
otherwise, continuing to enter an in-process state and executing an active discharge command; if the MCU voltage is lower than a calibrated safe voltage value and the motor stop working condition and the active discharge time exceed any condition of the calibrated value while the active discharge is activated, the MCU is in an active discharge completion state, the VCU sends an active discharge-free request and an active discharge-free request to the MCU, otherwise, the MCU is in an active discharge-free state, and a forced active discharge command is executed;
when the collision or serious faults of the system occur, no matter what state the current high-voltage power-on and power-off control state is, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control enters and sends an emergency stop state, at the moment, the VCU sends a high-voltage power-off request to the BMS, the VCU sends an emergency stop state request to the MCU, and after entering the emergency stop state, the controller must be powered down under low voltage, the high-voltage power-on and power-off control can be restored, and the initialization state is entered.
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| CN112277650B (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2022-07-15 | 武汉格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 | Low-voltage control high-voltage emergency power-off method for hydrogen fuel cell automobile |
| CN112659919B (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2023-04-18 | 东风汽车股份有限公司 | Power-on and power-off control strategy for motor controller of electric vehicle |
| CN112977067B (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2022-02-11 | 南京恒天领锐汽车有限公司 | Electrifying strategy for high-voltage power distribution cabinet of pure electric logistics vehicle |
| CN113580938B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2023-08-04 | 江西五十铃汽车有限公司 | Power-on and power-off control method for diesel range-extending light truck |
| CN113715625B (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2023-05-26 | 东风本田汽车有限公司 | Multi-target enabling control system and method for high-voltage power-on and power-off of automobile |
| CN115257375A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-11-01 | 一汽奔腾轿车有限公司 | High-voltage power-on and power-off control method for pure electric vehicle |
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