CN114424453A - 极化调制器中的宽带包络控制 - Google Patents

极化调制器中的宽带包络控制 Download PDF

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CN114424453A
CN114424453A CN202080058202.5A CN202080058202A CN114424453A CN 114424453 A CN114424453 A CN 114424453A CN 202080058202 A CN202080058202 A CN 202080058202A CN 114424453 A CN114424453 A CN 114424453A
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W·戈迪基
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Eridan Communications Inc
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    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03FAMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/02Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
    • H03F1/0205Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
    • H03F1/0211Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers with control of the supply voltage or current
    • H03F1/0216Continuous control
    • H03F1/0222Continuous control by using a signal derived from the input signal
    • H03F1/0227Continuous control by using a signal derived from the input signal using supply converters
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    • H03F3/00Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
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    • H03F3/217Class D power amplifiers; Switching amplifiers
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    • H03F3/00Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
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    • H03F3/24Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages
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    • H03F3/45071Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
    • H03F3/45076Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of implementation of the active amplifying circuit in the differential amplifier
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    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H03F2200/00Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
    • H03F2200/102A non-specified detector of a signal envelope being used in an amplifying circuit
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    • H03F2200/00Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
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Abstract

宽带包络调制器包括与线性振幅调制器(LAM)串联连接的直流(DC)到DC切换转换器。DC‑DC切换转换器包括:脉冲宽度调制器,其生成具有表示输入包络信号的时变幅度的经调制的脉冲宽度的PWM信号,或者脉冲密度调制器,其生成具有表示输入包络信号的时变幅度的经调制的脉冲密度的PDM信号;场效应晶体管(FET)驱动级,其生成PWM驱动信号或PDM驱动信号;高功率输出切换级,其由PWM驱动信号或PDM驱动信号驱动;以及输出能量存储网络,其包括具有大于二的阶数的低通滤波器(LPF),该LPF对在高功率输出切换级的输出切换节点处产生的切换电压进行滤波。

Description

极化调制器中的宽带包络控制
背景技术
为了实现高度节能,许多现代射频(RF)发射机采用所谓的“极化调制器”。如图1所例示,极化调制器100的主要部件包括:开关模式功率放大器(SMPA)102、相位调制器104和动态电源(DPS)106。在极域中工作时,DPS 106通过输入振幅调制信号AM(t)调制(DC)电源电压VDD(DC),以产生跟随AM(t)的时变DPS电压VDD(t)。同时,相位调制器104通过输入相位调制信号PM(t)调制RF载波,以产生经相位调制的RF载波。SMPA 102用于将经相位调制的RF载波转换为更高的RF功率,使得它然后可以通过空中辐射至远程接收器。由SMPA产生的RF输出功率POUT与其DPS电压幅度的平方成正比,即,POUT∝VDD2(t)。极化调制器100利用这种依赖性来将原始输入振幅调制信号AM(t)中包含的振幅调制叠加到SMPA 102的RF输出RFOUT上。换言之,当SMPA 102将经相位调制的RF载波转换为更高的RF功率时,它还通过由DPS电压VDD(t)承载的AM调制RF输出RFOUT,以产生具有跟随原始输入振幅调制信号AM(t)的‘信号包络’的最终的经相位调制的RF输出RFOUT
尽管可以使由极化调制器构造的RF发射机以高度节能方式工作,但在极域中工作时产生的一个问题是振幅调制信号AM(t)的带宽可能很高,这取决于正使用的调制方案。例如,宽带码分多址(W-CDMA)和长期演进(LTE)系统中使用的调制方案产生在往返于零幅度时往往会突然回折的振幅调制信号AM(t)。如图2所例示,这些急剧回折的低幅度事件202具有相当大的高频成分,因此当在频域中表示时,可以看出具有非常宽的带宽。为了在RF输出RFOUT的信号包络中准确再现低幅度事件,DPS 106因此必须具有宽工作带宽能力,优选地至少是经调制的信号的带宽的5倍到10倍。不幸的是,传统DPS缺乏这种能力。因此,期望具有一种具有能够在宽包络带宽上工作的DPS的极化调制器。进一步地,期望具有一种具有相同能力并且还以高度节能方式工作的DPS。
发明内容
公开了一种用于极化调制器的宽带包络调制器。所述宽带包络调制器包括与线性振幅调制器(LAM)串联连接的直流(DC)到DC切换转换器。所述DC-DC切换转换器包括:脉冲宽度调制器,所述脉冲宽度调制器生成具有表示输入包络信号的时变幅度的经调制的脉冲宽度的PWM信号或者具有表示所述输入包络信号的所述时变幅度的经调制的脉冲密度的PDM信号;场效应晶体管(FET)驱动级,所述FET驱动级生成PWM驱动信号或PDM驱动信号;高功率输出切换级,所述高功率输出切换级由所述PWM驱动信号或PDM驱动信号驱动;以及输出能量存储网络,所述输出能量存储网络包括低通滤波器(LPF),所述LPF具有大于二的阶数,所述LPF对在所述高功率输出切换级的输出切换节点处产生的切换电压进行滤波。在本发明的优选实施方式中,所述DC-DC切换转换器被配置为以开环方式(open loop)工作,使得所述DC-DC切换转换器的频率响应保持不被损坏,并且所述LAM包括由硅运算放大器误差放大器控制的氮化镓高电子迁移率晶体管(GaN HEMT)传输晶体管,它们共同允许所述LAM实现超过900MHz的工作带宽。
现在将参考附图描述本发明的另外的细节,包括本发明的上述和其它示例性实施方式的详细描述,其中,相似的附图标记用于表示相同或功能相似的要素。
附图说明
图1是传统极化调制器的简化图,突出显示了其主要部件;
图2是振幅调制信号AM(t)的信号图,例示了其波形的突变如何导致高频成分;
图3是描绘了根据本发明的一个实施方式的具有宽带包络调制器的极化调制器的图;
图4是更详细地示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式的图3中描绘的极化调制器的宽带包络调制器的DC-DC切换转换器的图;
图5是例示了在本发明的一个实施方式中实现图4中描绘的DC-DC切换转换器的FET驱动级的一种方式的图;
图6是例示了图5中描绘的FET驱动级中的各个驱动接口中的二极管如何操作以将输入PWM波形钳位在固定输入高驱动电平Vgs,H与固定输入低电平Vgs,L之间的信号图;
图7是频率响应图,其例示了图4中描述的DC-DC切换转换器的输出能量存储网络中的四阶低通滤波器(LPF)如何为DC-DC切换转换器提供如下能力的,即,与仅采用具有相同切换噪声抑制的二阶滤波器相比,DC-DC切换转换器实现了显著更宽的输出动态频率响应;以及
图8是示出了在本发明的一个实施方式中构造图3中描绘的极化调制器的宽带包络调制器中的线性振幅调制器(LAM)的一种方式的图。
具体实施方式
参考图3,示出了根据本发明的一个实施方式的极化调制器300。极化调制器300包括开关模式功率放大器(SMPA)302、相位调制器304和动态电源(DPS)306,该动态电源(DPS)306包括与线性振幅调制器(LAM)310串联连接的直流(DC)到DC切换转换器308。在下面的描述中,DPS 306也称为“串联包络调制器”306。由于DPS 306在宽频率范围内工作的能力,所以它也可以称为“宽带包络调制器”306。与传统极化调制器100中的情况类似,极化调制器300中的相位调制器304用于通过输入相位调制信号PM(t)调制RF载波,以产生经相位调制的RF载波,并且SMPA102用于将经相位调制的RF载波转换为更高的RF功率。然而,与传统极化调制器100不同,极化调制器300包括串联包络调制器306,出于将在下面的详细描述中变得更加清楚的原因,这允许其实现宽输出动态范围并以高度节能的方式在宽频率范围内工作。
图4是例示了如何在本发明的一个实施方式中构造DC-DC切换转换器308的图。DC-DC切换转换器308包括脉冲宽度调制器(PWM)402(或者,另选地,脉冲密度调制器(PDM))、FET驱动级404、高功率输出切换级406和能量存储网络408,该能量存储网络408被示出为使用具有两区段梯形拓扑的四阶输出低通滤波器(LPF)来实现。PWM 402生成具有根据输入振幅调制信号AM(t)的幅度而变化的脉冲宽度的PWM信号,或者,在本发明的采用PDM的实施方式中,PWM 402生成具有根据输入振幅调制信号AM(t)的时变幅度而随时间变化的脉冲密度的PDM信号。注意,在下面对本发明的特定示例性实施方式的描述中,假设使用了PWM,但应理解,本发明不限于PWM,并且在本发明的其他实施方式中,替代地使用PDM。
来自PWM 402的PWM信号耦合到FET驱动级404,该FET驱动级404根据该PWM信号生成用于驱动高功率输出切换级406的PWM驱动信号PWM-HI和PWM-LO。更具体地,根据两个驱动信号中的经调制的脉冲宽度,PWM驱动信号PWM-HI将高功率输出切换级406中的高侧FET410导通和截止,并且PWM驱动信号PWM-LO将低侧FET 412驱动为导通和截止。如本领域普通技术人员将理解的,由于PWM驱动信号PWM-HI和PWM-LO是互补的(即,异相180度),所以高侧FET 410处于导通状态,同时低侧FET 412处于截止状态,并且反之亦然。在高功率输出切换级406的输出切换节点414处产生的切换电压VDDSW通过能量存储网络408滤波,以产生最终DC-DC切换转换器输出电压VDD(DC-DC),该VDD(DC-DC)通常跟随输入振幅调制信号AM(t)并且具有与输入PWM的占空比D(t)和输入DC电压VDD的乘积成正比的逐周期平均值(即,VDD(SW)∝D(t)×VDD),其中,T=1/fSW是PWM切换频率fSW的周期并且D(t)=t导通(t)/T是高侧FET 410切换为导通状态的给定时段内的时间分数。
图5是例示了如何在本发明的一个实施方式中实现图4中描绘的DC-DC切换转换器的FET驱动级404的示意图。FET驱动级500包括超快比较器501、高增益差分对502以及第一驱动接口504和第二驱动接口506。由超快比较器501产生的输入差分PWM信号被DC耦合到高增益差分对502,该高增益差分对502放大信号以增加其峰峰值电压摆动。第一驱动接口504和第二驱动接口506各自包括:AC耦合电容器,该AC耦合电容器从它从高增益差分对502接收的PWM信号中去除DC分量;以及二极管,该二极管对输入高驱动电平和输入低驱动电平进行钳位,使得该输入高驱动电平和该输入低驱动电平总是落在驱动接口FET 510和512的可接受的输入高驱动范围和输入低驱动范围内。在本发明的一个实施方式中,高增益差分对502、第一驱动接口504和第二驱动接口506集成在氮化镓(GaN)集成电路(IC)芯片中,并且驱动接口FET 510和512以及差分对FET 514和516包括氮化镓高电子迁移率FET(GaNHEMT)。GaN HEMT是耗尽型FET,即,具有负阈值电压Vth的‘常开型’FET,这意味着必须在其栅极-源极端子两端施加小于(即,更负于)阈值电压Vth的栅极-源极电压Vgs,以使它们处于截止状态。第一驱动接口504和第二驱动接口504中的钳位二极管确保发生这种情况。例如,针对峰峰值电压摆动大于或等于4Vd(其中,Vd表示一个正向二极管电压降)并且源极偏置电压VSS=-Vd的输入PWM信号,跨驱动接口FET 510和512的栅极-源极端子连接的二极管将各自将它们的栅极-源极电压Vgs钳位在输入高驱动电平Vgs,H=+Vd与输入低驱动电平Vgs,L=-2Vd之间,即,-2Vd<Vgs<+Vd,这适用于将具有不小于(即,不更负于)-2Vd的阈值电压Vth的GaN HEMT 510和512切换为完全导通状态和完全截止状态,如图6所例示。
应该提到的是,FET驱动级500被设计成不需要变压器平衡不平衡变换器(balun)来将来自片上超快比较器501的输入差分PWM信号分配到GaN FET驱动IC。容易获得的超快硅比较器的输出峰峰值电压摆动通常被限制为小于1Vpp,但需要3Vpp或更高才能在完全导通状态与完全截止状态之间切换驱动接口504和506中的GaN HEMT 510和512。尽管变压器平衡不平衡变换器可以用于将由超快比较器501提供的有限电压摆动设置为期望的3Vpp摆动,但在使用变压器平衡不平衡变换器时难以建立和维持对称驱动信号。期望对称驱动信号,因为它们可以保持PWM信号质量和PDM信号质量。高增益差分对502和驱动接口504和506能够毫无困难地提供这种对称驱动能力。此外,由于高增益差分对502不需要精确的DC偏置,所以由超快比较器501提供的输入PWM信号也可以直接连接(即,DC耦合)到高增益差分对502。因此,图5中描绘的FET驱动方法是优选的,因为它消除了对变压器平衡不平衡变换器的需要。除了释放否则将由变压器平衡不平衡变换器占用的宝贵印刷电路板基板面(real estate)之外,消除对变压器平衡不平衡变换器的需要具有增加来自DC-DC切换转换器308的可实现的受控输出电压范围的好处,该受控输出电压范围最初接近VDD的20%到80%,现在高达并超过VDD的10%到90%。这是DC-DC切换转换器308能够实现10%到90%或更宽的有用占空比范围的结果,而采用变压器平衡不平衡变换器的驱动方法最多只能实现20%至80%的有用占空比范围。
除了帮助从在输出切换节点414处产生的开关电压恢复信号包络之外,DC-DC切换转换器308的能量存储网络408还用于滤除切换噪声并降低DC-DC切换转换器输出电压VDD(DC-DC)中的纹波。如图7所例示,当能量存储网络408被实现为包括四阶LPF时,与使用具有相同切换噪声抑制的二阶滤波器的情况相比,DC-DC切换转换器308能够实现显著更宽的输出动态频率响应。为了确保该频率响应不被损坏并避免任何可能的反馈稳定性问题,在本发明的一个实施方式中,DC-DC切换转换器308被配置为以开环方式(即,没有任何反馈)工作。然而,应强调的是,只要带宽的折衷是可接受的,DC-DC切换转换器308就可以以闭环方式工作。还应强调的是,虽然能量存储网络408中的LPF优选地包括四阶LPF,但是任何大于二阶的LPF(例如,三阶LPF)都可以被设想用于有效地增加DC-DC切换转换器308的动态频率响应。
LAM 310负责去除可能存在于降压DC-DC电压VDD(DC-DC)中的任何剩余纹波和残余切换噪声。在本发明的优选实施方式中,LAM 310包括具有硅运算放大器802和GaN HEMT804的线性调节器,如图8所示。硅运算放大器802用作误差放大器,其不断调整其输出电压,使其反相输入端子处的电压等于施加到其非反相输入的包络信号的幅度。使用内置的电源抑制能力,LAM 310过滤从DC-DC切换转换器308供应给它的DC-DC电压VDD(DC-DC),以产生用于SMPA 302的最终DPS电压VDD(t)。硅运算放大器802/GaN HEMT 804组合导致LAM 310能够实现900MHz(即,接近1GHz)的工作带宽。与仅由硅半导体器件制成的LAM相比,该带宽几乎高出10倍。
虽然已呈现了本发明的各种实施方式,但是它们通过示例而不是限制的方式来呈现。对相关领域的技术人员来说将显而易见的是,在不脱离本发明的真正精神和范围的情况下,可以对示例性实施方式进行形式和细节上的各种改变。例如,虽然上述示例性DPS306很适合用作极化调制器中的宽带包络调制器,但它也可以用作包络跟踪(ET)放大器中的DPS,该ET放大器采用线性PA并利用DPS来迫使线性PA始终在接近饱和的情况(其中它是最节能的)下工作。因此,本发明的范围不应受限于本发明的示例性实施方式的细节,而是应由所附权利要求确定,包括这些权利要求所享有的等同物的全部范围。

Claims (22)

1.一种宽带包络调制器,所述宽带包络调制器包括:
直流DC到DC切换转换器,所述DC到DC切换转换器包括:脉冲宽度调制器,所述脉冲宽度调制器被配置为生成具有表示输入包络信号的时变幅度的经调制的脉冲宽度的PWM信号或者具有表示所述输入包络信号的所述时变幅度的时变脉冲密度的PDM信号;驱动级,所述驱动级被配置为生成PWM驱动信号或差分PDM驱动信号;高功率输出切换级,所述高功率输出切换级被配置为由所述PWM驱动信号或所述PDM驱动信号驱动;以及低通滤波器LPF,所述LPF具有大于二的阶数,所述LPF被配置为对在所述高功率输出切换级的输出切换节点处产生的切换电压进行滤波;以及
线性振幅调制器LAM,所述LAM与所述DC-DC切换转换器串联连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的宽带包络调制器,其中,所述DC-DC切换转换器被配置为以开环方式工作。
3.根据权利要求1所述的宽带包络调制器,其中,所述驱动级包括:
高增益差分放大器,所述高增益差分放大器被配置为对输入差分PWM信号或输入PDM信号进行放大;以及
驱动接口,所述驱动接口被配置为从所述高增益差分放大器接收经放大的PWM信号或经放大的PDM信号,所述驱动接口包括交流AC耦合电容器、耗尽型场效应晶体管FET和钳位二极管,所述AC耦合电容器被配置为从经放大的PWM信号去除DC分量,所述钳位二极管将经AC耦合且经放大的PWM信号或经放大的PDM信号钳位在适于在完全导通状态与完全截止状态之间切换所述驱动接口的耗尽型FET的输入高驱动电平Vgs,H与输入低驱动电平Vgs,L之间。
4.根据权利要求3所述的宽带包络调制器,其中,所述输入差分PWM信号或所述输入PDM信号被DC耦合到所述高增益差分放大器的差分输入端。
5.根据权利要求1所述的宽带包络调制器,其中,所述LAM包括:
运算放大器,所述运算放大器具有被配置为接收所述输入包络信号的第一输入端;以及
功率晶体管,所述功率晶体管具有:栅极或基极,所述栅极或基极耦合到所述运算放大器的输出端;以及漏极-源极或集电极-发射极路径,所述漏极-源极或集电极-发射极路径被配置在所述DC-DC切换转换器的输出端与供应最终动态电源电压VDD(t)的宽带包络调制器输出端之间。
6.根据权利要求5所述的宽带包络调制器,其中,所述功率晶体管包括氮化镓高电子迁移率晶体管GaN HEMT,并且所述运算放大器包括硅运算放大器。
7.根据权利要求2所述的宽带包络调制器,其中,所述DC-DC切换转换器具有10%至90%或更宽的有用占空比范围。
8.一种极化调制器,所述极化调制器包括:
相位调制器,所述相位调制器被配置为通过相位调制信号PM(t)来调制射频RF载波并产生经相位调制的RF载波;
宽带包络调制器,所述宽带包络调制器包括与线性振幅调制器LAM串联连接的开环DC到DC切换转换器,所述宽带包络调制器被配置为根据输入DC电压VDD和输入包络信号生成宽带动态电源DPS电压VDD(t);以及
开关模式功率放大器SMPA,所述SMPA具有被配置为接收所述经相位调制的RF载波的RF输入端口、被配置为从所述宽带包络调制器接收所述宽带DPS电压VDD(t)的电源端口以及产生适用于通过空中发送到远程接收器的最终的经振幅调制且经相位调制的RF载波的RF输出端。
9.根据权利要求8所述的极化调制器,其中,所述DC-DC切换转换器包括:
驱动级,所述驱动级被配置为生成具有根据所述输入包络信号的时变幅度随时间变化的脉冲宽度的PWM驱动信号或者具有根据所述输入包络信号的所述时变幅度随时间变化的脉冲密度的PDM驱动信号;
高功率输出切换级,所述高功率输出切换级被配置为由所述PWM驱动信号或所述PDM驱动信号驱动;以及
输出能量存储网络,所述输出能量存储网络包括低通滤波器LPF,所述LPF具有大于二的阶数,所述LPF被配置为对在所述高功率输出切换级的输出切换节点处产生的切换电压进行滤波。
10.根据权利要求9所述的极化调制器,其中,所述驱动级包括:
高增益差分放大器,所述高增益差分放大器被配置为对输入差分PWM信号或输入PDM信号进行放大;以及
驱动接口,所述驱动接口被配置为从所述高增益差分放大器接收经放大的PWM信号或经放大的PDM信号,所述驱动接口包括交流AC耦合电容器、耗尽型FET和钳位二极管,所述AC耦合电容器被配置为从经放大的PWM信号或经放大的PDM信号去除DC分量,所述钳位二极管将经AC耦合且经放大的PWM信号或PDM信号钳位在适于在完全导通状态与完全截止状态之间切换所述驱动接口的耗尽型FET的输入高驱动电平Vgs,H与输入低驱动电平Vgs,L之间。
11.根据权利要求10所述的极化调制器,其中,所述输入差分PWM信号或所述输入PDM信号被DC耦合到所述高增益差分放大器的差分输入端。
12.根据权利要求8所述的极化调制器,其中,所述LAM包括:
运算放大器,所述运算放大器具有被配置为接收所述输入包络信号的第一输入端子;
功率晶体管,所述功率晶体管具有:栅极或基极,所述栅极或基极耦合到所述运算放大器的输出端;以及漏极-源极路径或集电极-发射极路径,所述漏极-源极路径或集电极-发射极路径被配置在所述DC-DC切换转换器的输出端与所述SMPA的所述电源端口之间。
13.根据权利要求12所述的极化调制器,其中,所述功率晶体管包括氮化镓高电子迁移率晶体管GaN HEMT,并且所述运算放大器包括硅运算放大器。
14.根据权利要求8所述的极化调制器,其中,所述DC-DC切换转换器具有10%至90%或更宽的有用占空比范围。
15.一种装置,所述装置包括:
相位调制器,所述相位调制器被配置为通过相位调制信号PM(t)来调制射频RF载波并产生经相位调制的RF载波;
动态电源DPS,所述DPS被配置为根据输入直流DC电压VDD和输入包络信号生成宽带动态电源DPS电压VDD(t),所述DPS包括DC到DC切换转换器,所述DC到DC切换转换器与线性振幅调制器LAM串联连接并具有输出存储网络,所述输出存储网络包括阶数大于二的低通滤波器LPF;以及
功率放大器PA,所述PA具有被配置为接收所述经相位调制的RF载波的RF输入端口、被配置为从所述DPS接收所述宽带DPS电压VDD(t)的电源端口以及提供适用于通过空中发送到远程接收器的最终的经振幅调制且经相位调制的RF载波的RF输出端。
16.根据权利要求15所述的装置,其中,所述DC-DC切换转换器进一步包括:
驱动级,所述驱动级被配置为生成具有根据所述输入包络信号的时变幅度随时间变化的脉冲宽度的PWM驱动信号或者具有根据所述输入包络信号的所述时变幅度随时间变化的脉冲密度的PDM驱动信号;
高功率输出切换级,所述高功率输出切换级被配置为由所述PWM驱动信号或所述PDM驱动信号驱动;以及
输出能量存储网络,所述输出能量存储网络包括低通滤波器LPF,所述LPF具有大于二的阶数,所述LPF被配置为对在所述高功率输出切换级的输出切换节点处产生的切换电压进行滤波。
17.根据权利要求16所述的装置,其中,所述驱动级包括:
高增益差分放大器,所述高增益差分放大器被配置为对输入差分PWM信号或输入PDM信号进行放大;以及
驱动接口,所述驱动接口被配置为从所述高增益差分放大器接收经放大的PWM信号或经放大的PDM信号,所述驱动接口包括交流AC耦合电容器、耗尽型FET和钳位二极管,所述AC耦合电容器被配置为从经放大的PWM信号或经放大的PDM信号去除DC分量,所述钳位二极管将经AC耦合且经放大的PWM信号或PDM信号钳位在适于在完全导通状态与完全截止状态之间切换所述驱动接口的耗尽型FET的输入高驱动电平Vgs,H与输入低驱动电平Vgs,L之间。
18.根据权利要求17所述的装置,其中,所述输入差分PWM信号或输入PDM信号被DC耦合到所述高增益差分放大器的差分输入端。
19.根据权利要求15所述的装置,其中,所述LAM包括:
运算放大器,所述运算放大器具有被配置为接收所述输入包络信号的第一输入端子;以及
功率晶体管,所述功率晶体管具有:栅极或基极,所述栅极或基极耦合到所述运算放大器的输出端;以及漏极-源极或集电极-发射极路径,所述漏极-源极或集电极-发射极路径被配置在所述DC-DC切换转换器的输出端与所述PA的所述电源端口之间。
20.根据权利要求19所述的装置,其中,所述功率晶体管包括氮化镓高电子迁移率晶体管GaN HEMT,并且所述运算放大器包括硅运算放大器。
21.根据权利要求15所述的装置,其中,所述DC-DC切换转换器被配置为以开环方式工作。
22.根据权利要求15所述的装置,其中,所述DC-DC切换转换器具有10%至90%或更宽的有用占空比范围。
CN202080058202.5A 2019-08-19 2020-08-11 极化调制器中的宽带包络控制 Pending CN114424453A (zh)

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