CN114414455B - Seepage test device and method for simulating granite binary structure side slope - Google Patents
Seepage test device and method for simulating granite binary structure side slope Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001687 destabilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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Abstract
The application relates to a seepage test device and a test method for a simulated granite binary structure side slope, wherein the seepage test device comprises a test soil tank, and an intermediate baffle plate for dividing the internal space of the test soil tank into two test areas is arranged in the middle of the test soil tank; one bottom is a cement poured broken line type bedrock surface, the other bottom is a cement poured step type bedrock surface, the broken line type bedrock surface and the step type bedrock surface are both provided with slopes and form an inverted V-shaped structure; granite weathered soil is filled above the bedrock surface in the two test areas, and a buffer layer is paved on the upper surface of the granite weathered soil; the upper parts of the side walls of the two test areas are respectively provided with a plurality of water inlets, the lower parts of the side walls of the two test areas are respectively provided with water outlets at the lower parts of the bedrock surface, and the side walls of the areas where granite weathered soil is positioned are provided with a plurality of pressure measuring holes. The application has simple principle, convenient operation and strong applicability, and visually compares the influence of the basal interfaces with different forms on the migration and aggregation characteristics of the granite binary structure slope cosmid.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of geotechnical engineering seepage test, in particular to a seepage test device for simulating a granite binary structure side slope.
Background
The granite binary structure side slope is formed by an upper weathered soil body (comprising a residual layer, a full weathered layer or a sandy strong weathered layer) and a lower weathered rock body (a morsely strong weathered or weak weathered layer) together, and is characterized in that the upper part and the lower part of the side slope have obvious differential weathered to form a discontinuous surface with abrupt permeability change and side slope stability control. A large number of engineering practices show that under the condition of the same rock-soil property, the stability of the binary structure slope is generally much worse than that of the soil-like slope with the same height, and the binary structure slope is a slope type which is extremely easy to damage in engineering.
Granite weathered soil is a loose porous medium which is easy to disintegrate and is saturated with water to soften. Under the action of seepage, fine particles in granite weathered soil migrate in a coarse particle soil overhead structure or a residual structure surface with large pores, and when migrating to a lower bedrock surface, as an upper soil body and a lower rock body show a severe weathering transition and a remarkable difference in rock-soil permeability, the movement speed of the fine particles is slowed down, a low-strength mud film or a high-viscosity layer is formed by aggregation of a depending base coating interface (namely, the contact surface of the upper weathered soil and the lower bedrock), so that the permeability of the base coating interface is reduced to form a temporary water retention surface, and the functions of a filler and a lubricant are played in the side slope creeping process, so that the side slope stability is a weak interlayer with important control. Research shows that in the inside erosion process of granite weathered soil, water-rock interaction near a base-covered interface is very active, and the strength of the base-covered interface is often softened due to aggregation of clay particles, so that deformation and damage of a side slope are induced.
In the slope investigation process, because the cosmid aggregation concealment of the basal coverage interface is strong, the design is difficult to find, and the sensitivity is ignored, so that the understanding of the slope destabilization mechanism and the correct evaluation of the stability are affected. Therefore, intensive studies on the characteristics of migration and aggregation of the clay particles on the side slope with a granite binary structure are necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the application aims to provide a seepage test device for simulating a granite binary structure slope, which has the advantages of simple principle, convenient operation and strong applicability, and can simulate the process of the agglomeration of cosmids on the top of a bedrock surface in actual working conditions, and visually compare the influence of base coating interfaces with different forms on migration agglomeration characteristics of the granite binary structure slope.
The application is realized by adopting the following scheme: the seepage test device for simulating the granite binary structure side slope comprises a test soil tank with an open top, wherein an intermediate baffle plate for dividing the internal space of the test soil tank into two test areas is arranged in the middle of the test soil tank; the bottom in one test area is a cement poured broken line type bedrock surface, the bottom in the other test area is a cement poured step type bedrock surface, the broken line type bedrock surface and the step type bedrock surface are both provided with slopes and form an inverted V-shaped structure; granite weathered soil is filled above the bedrock surface in the two test areas, and a buffer layer is paved on the upper surface of the granite weathered soil; the upper parts of the side walls of the two test areas are respectively provided with a plurality of water inlets, the lower parts of the side walls of the two test areas are respectively provided with water outlets at the lower parts of the bedrock surface, and the side walls of the areas where granite weathered soil is positioned are provided with a plurality of pressure measuring holes.
Further, the device also comprises a camera and a nuclide identifier which are positioned at the front side of the test soil tank; the pressure measuring holes on the side wall of the test area are arranged at intervals vertically, and are provided with pore water pressure gauges which are electrically connected with the data acquisition instrument; and a water collecting tank below the water outlet, wherein a turbidity meter is arranged on the water collecting tank.
Further, water inlets on the side wall of the test area are arranged at intervals vertically, and a control water valve is arranged at the water inlet.
Further, the test soil tank is of a cuboid structure and is made of transparent organic glass, and a steel frame base is arranged below the test soil tank; the water outlet is provided with a water outlet porous plate, and water outlet holes with the aperture of 1mm are distributed on the water outlet porous plate.
Further, the middle partition plate is composed of a water permeable plate on the upper part and a water stop plate on the lower part, a plurality of water permeable holes with the diameter of 2mm are formed in the water permeable plate, and the height of the buffer layer is not higher than the height of the water permeable hole at the lowest position on the water permeable plate.
The application adopts another technical scheme that: the seepage test method for simulating the granite binary structure side slope adopts the seepage test device for simulating the granite binary structure side slope, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Installing a seepage test device according to test requirements and a test site, and pouring inclined bedrock surfaces with different forms in the test zone by utilizing cement according to the test requirements;
(2) Mixing the sieved granite weathered soil clay with 137Cs nuclide tracer, and fully stirring and mixing; according to the original grain composition of the weathered soil, preparing test soil samples required by a test, filling the test soil samples into a test area of a test soil tank in a layered manner according to a certain compactness, paving a layer of coarse grain soil with a thickness on the top surface of granite weathered soil as a buffer layer, wherein the overall height (namely, the bedrock height, the weathered soil layer height and the buffer layer height) after filling is lower than the lowest permeable hole height on the middle partition plate;
(3) Installing a pore water pressure gauge on a pressure measuring hole, starting and testing the working state of each measuring instrument, adjusting the shooting range of a camera, and acquiring the content and the space distribution state of 137Cs nuclide tracer before the test by using a nuclide identifier;
(4) Opening a control water valve of the lowest water inlet, closing the rest control water valves, injecting seepage water, and starting a seepage test;
(5) In the test process, reading by using a pore water pressure gauge acquired by a data acquisition instrument; shooting and collecting the migration and aggregation process of fine particles in the test soil tank at regular time by using a camera; recording the accumulated water yield of the water collecting tank in each period; monitoring and recording the concentration of the cosmid in the lost water body at each time interval by using a turbidity meter; monitoring the content and the spatial distribution form of 137Cs tracer in a test soil tank by using a nuclide identifier;
(6) After seepage is stable, the cosmid in the soil body does not migrate any more, each item of monitoring data has no obvious fluctuation, the current control water valve is closed, the control water valve of the last water inlet is opened, the height of the seepage head is increased, the seepage test is continued, and the change of each item of data is monitored by using the measuring system;
(7) When the highest water head is lifted to reach seepage stability or a large amount of fine particles of the soil sample to be tested run off under a certain level of hydraulic gradient to form a seepage channel which is obviously communicated or is gathered at a base-coating interface to form a weak thin layer, ending the seepage test.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects: the seepage test device for simulating the side slope of the granite binary structure has the advantages of simple principle, convenient operation and strong applicability, simulates the process of the agglomeration of the cosmid at the top of the bedrock surface in the actual working condition, can visually compare the influence of the base coating interfaces with different forms on the migration and agglomeration characteristics of the cosmid of the side slope of the granite binary structure, and is mainly applied to the research on the evolution law of the migration and agglomeration of the cosmid in the side slope of the granite binary structure and the erosion mechanism inside the granite weathered soil.
The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and associated drawings for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a test soil tank according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of a test soil tank according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an intermediate baffle according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a perforated plate for effluent in an embodiment of the application;
the reference numerals in the figures illustrate: 1-water inlet, 2-control water valve, 3-middle partition plate, 4-buffer layer, 5-test soil tank, 6-pressure measuring hole, 7-granite weathered soil, 8-broken line type bedrock surface, 9-water outlet porous plate, 10-water outlet, 11-water collection tank, 12-steel frame base, 13-pore water pressure gauge, 14-data acquisition instrument, 15-step type bedrock surface, 16-turbidity instrument, 17-camera, 18-nuclide identifier, 19-water permeable plate, 20-water outlet hole, 21-water stop plate and 22-water permeable hole.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
As shown in fig. 1-5, a seepage test device for simulating a granite binary structure side slope comprises a test soil tank 5 with an open top, wherein the top is open and is convenient for filling a test soil sample, and an intermediate baffle 3 for dividing the internal space of the test soil tank 5 into two test areas is arranged in the middle of the test soil tank; the bottom in one test area is a cement poured broken line type base rock surface 8, the bottom in the other test area is a cement poured step type base rock surface 15, the broken line type base rock surface 8 and the step type base rock surface 15 are both provided with slopes and form an inverted V-shaped structure; granite weathered soil 7 is filled above the bedrock surface in the two test areas, and a buffer layer 4 is paved on the upper surface of the granite weathered soil 7; the upper parts of the side walls of the two test areas are respectively provided with a plurality of water inlets 1, the lower parts of the two test areas are respectively provided with water outlets 10 at the lower parts of the bedrock surface, and the side walls of the areas where granite weathered soil is positioned are provided with a plurality of pressure measuring holes 6; the upper parts of the left test area and the right test area are filled with granite weathered soil, the lower parts of the left test area and the right test area are inclined bedrock surfaces poured by cement, and the construction characteristics of a typical granite binary structure slope are simulated.
In the embodiment, the device also comprises a camera 17 and a nuclide identifier 18 which are positioned at the front side of the test soil tank 5; the pressure measuring holes on the side wall of the test area are arranged at intervals vertically, and are provided with pore water pressure gauges 13 which are electrically connected with a data acquisition instrument 14; a water collection tank below the water outlet, wherein a turbidity meter 16 is arranged on the water collection tank; the experimental soil tank is divided into two test areas with the same size by using a middle partition plate, inclined bedrock surfaces with different forms are arranged at the bottoms of the two test areas, granite weathered soil is filled on the bedrock surfaces, and the migration and aggregation development processes of cosmids in the experimental soil tank are monitored by using a camera, a nuclide identifier and a turbidity meter, so that the influence of base coating interfaces with different forms on the migration and aggregation of the cosmids in the granite weathered soil under the seepage effect is compared and analyzed. The application has simple principle, convenient operation and strong applicability, and is mainly applied to the research of the evolution rule of the migration and aggregation of the cosmid in the granite binary structure slope and the erosion mechanism inside the granite weathered soil; the pore water pressure gauge is arranged on a pressure measuring hole on the back surface of the test soil tank and is used for monitoring the pore water pressure of the soil body in the seepage process; the data acquisition instrument is used for acquiring monitoring data of each pore water pressure gauge; the water collection tank is used for collecting the water body and the fine particles which flow out; the turbidity meter is used for monitoring the turbidity of the water body in the water collection tank and representing the concentration of lost fine particles; the camera is arranged on the front surface of the seepage soil column model and is used for carrying out whole-course image shooting record on seepage soil; the nuclide identifier is used for monitoring the content and the spatial distribution of 137Cs tracer in the soil body.
In the embodiment, water inlets on the side wall of the test area are arranged at intervals vertically, and a control water valve 2 is arranged at the water inlet and is used for controlling the height of the seepage water head.
In this embodiment, the buffer layer is a layer of coarse-grained soil for dispersing the water flow pressure and reducing the direct impact of water flow on the weathered soil.
In this embodiment, the test soil tank 5 is of a cuboid structure and made of transparent organic glass, and a steel frame base 12 is arranged below the test soil tank and is used for supporting the whole test soil tank; the water outlet is a drainage seam of 2cm, a water outlet porous plate 9 is arranged at the water outlet, and water outlet holes 20 with the aperture of 1mm are arranged on the water outlet porous plate and are used for preventing coarse particles in soil from losing and simultaneously ensuring that the water body which seeps out can be timely drained away.
In this embodiment, the middle partition board is an organic glass board, and the middle partition board is composed of a water permeable board 19 on the upper part and a water-proof board 21 on the lower part, a plurality of water permeable holes 22 with diameters of 2mm are formed in the water permeable board, the height of the buffer layer is not higher than the height of the lowest water permeable hole on the water permeable board, the upper part of the middle partition board is water permeable, the lower part of the middle partition board is water impermeable, the water inlet heads of the test areas on the left side and the right side are guaranteed to keep the same height, and the test soil sample is prevented from running off across the test areas.
The length of the test soil groove is 1000mm, the width is 400mm, the height is 2000mm, and the wall thickness is 5mm; the bottom of the two test areas is respectively poured with a broken line type bedrock surface 8 and a step type bedrock surface 15, and the inclination angles of the two groups of bedrock surfaces are 20 degrees; the width of the middle partition plate 3 is 400mm, the height is 2000mm, the wall thickness is 5mm, the bottom surface is a height datum point, a water stop plate 21 is arranged between 0 and 1200mm, a water permeable plate 19 is arranged between 1200 and 2000mm, the aperture of the water permeable hole 20 is 2mm, five groups of water inlets 1 are arranged in total, the aperture is 25mm, and the interval between each group of water inlets 1 is 100mm.
The application solves the technical problems:
(1) Cosmid aggregation simulating basal-coated interfaces
During the process of flowing the weathered soil body, the clay particles migrate and move to the top surface of the bedrock to gather to form a weak zone, the cement is used for pouring the bedrock surface, and the process of gathering the clay particles at the top of the bedrock surface in actual working conditions is simulated.
(2) Simulating different forms of base-to-cover interfaces
The influence of the base coating interfaces with different forms on the migration and aggregation characteristics of the granite binary structure slope cosmid can be visually compared by using two groups of base rock surfaces with different forms, namely the broken line type and the step type, of cement pouring.
(3) Monitoring of cosmid migration and aggregation
Because the cosmid is very tiny, the conventional means is difficult to monitor, and the content and the spatial distribution form change rule of the 137Cs tracer are monitored by a nuclide tracing technology by utilizing the characteristics that the cosmid can be tightly combined with the 137Cs tracer and is difficult to be leached, so that the space-time rule of the migration movement of the cosmid in the seepage process is represented.
The seepage test method for simulating the granite binary structure side slope adopts the seepage test device for simulating the granite binary structure side slope, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Installing a seepage test device according to test requirements and a test site, and pouring inclined bedrock surfaces with different forms in the test zone by utilizing cement according to the test requirements;
(2) Mixing the sieved granite weathered soil clay with 137Cs nuclide tracer, and fully stirring and mixing; according to the original grain composition of the weathered soil, preparing a test soil sample required by a test, filling the test soil sample into a test area of a test soil tank in a layered manner according to a certain compactness, paving a layer of coarse grain soil with a thickness on the top surface of the granite weathered soil as a buffer layer, wherein the height of the filled granite weathered soil 7 is 1000mm, and the thickness of the buffer layer 4 is 50mm; the overall height (namely the bedrock height, the weathered soil layer height and the buffer layer height) after filling is lower than the lowest water permeable hole height on the middle partition plate;
(3) Installing a pore water pressure gauge on a pressure measuring hole, starting and testing the working state of each measuring instrument, adjusting the shooting range of a camera, and acquiring the content and the space distribution state of 137Cs nuclide tracer before the test by using a nuclide identifier;
(4) Opening a control water valve of the lowest water inlet, closing the rest control water valves, injecting seepage water, and starting a seepage test;
(5) In the test process, reading by using a pore water pressure gauge acquired by a data acquisition instrument; shooting and collecting the migration and aggregation process of fine particles in the test soil tank at regular time by using a camera; recording the accumulated water yield of the water collecting tank in each period; monitoring and recording the concentration of the cosmid in the lost water body at each time interval by using a turbidity meter; monitoring the content and the spatial distribution form of 137Cs tracer in a test soil tank by using a nuclide identifier;
(6) After seepage is stable, the cosmid in the soil body does not migrate any more, each item of monitoring data has no obvious fluctuation, the current control water valve is closed, the control water valve of the last water inlet is opened, the height of the seepage head is increased, the seepage test is continued, and the change of each item of data is monitored by using the measuring system;
(7) When the highest water head is lifted to reach seepage stability or a large amount of fine particles of the soil sample to be tested run off under a certain level of hydraulic gradient to form a seepage channel which is obviously communicated or is gathered at a base-coating interface to form a weak thin layer, ending the seepage test.
Any of the above-described embodiments of the present application disclosed herein, unless otherwise stated, if they disclose a numerical range, then the disclosed numerical range is the preferred numerical range, as will be appreciated by those of skill in the art: the preferred numerical ranges are merely those of the many possible numerical values where technical effects are more pronounced or representative. Since the numerical values are more and cannot be exhausted, only a part of the numerical values are disclosed to illustrate the technical scheme of the application, and the numerical values listed above should not limit the protection scope of the application.
If the application discloses or relates to components or structures fixedly connected with each other, then unless otherwise stated, the fixed connection is understood as: detachably fixed connection (e.g. using bolts or screws) can also be understood as: the non-detachable fixed connection (e.g. riveting, welding), of course, the mutual fixed connection may also be replaced by an integral structure (e.g. integrally formed using a casting process) (except for obviously being unable to use an integral forming process).
In addition, terms used in any of the above-described aspects of the present disclosure to express positional relationship or shape have meanings including a state or shape similar to, similar to or approaching thereto unless otherwise stated.
Any part provided by the application can be assembled by a plurality of independent components, or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the application in any way, and any person skilled in the art may make modifications or alterations to the disclosed technical content to the equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modification, equivalent variation and variation of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present application still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present application.
Claims (4)
1. Seepage test device of simulation granite binary structure side slope, its characterized in that: the test soil tank comprises a test soil tank with an open top, wherein an intermediate baffle plate for dividing the internal space of the test soil tank into two test areas is arranged in the middle of the test soil tank; the bottom in one test area is a cement poured broken line type bedrock surface, the bottom in the other test area is a cement poured step type bedrock surface, the broken line type bedrock surface and the step type bedrock surface are both provided with slopes and form an inverted V-shaped structure; granite weathered soil is filled above the bedrock surface in the two test areas, and a buffer layer is paved on the upper surface of the granite weathered soil; the upper parts of the side walls of the two test areas are respectively provided with a plurality of water inlets, the lower parts of the two test areas are respectively provided with water outlets at the lower parts of the bedrock surface, and the side walls of the areas where granite weathered soil is positioned are provided with a plurality of pressure measuring holes; the device also comprises a camera and a nuclide identifier which are positioned at the front side of the test soil tank; the pressure measuring holes on the side wall of the test area are arranged at intervals vertically, and are provided with pore water pressure gauges which are electrically connected with the data acquisition instrument; a water collecting tank below the water outlet, wherein a turbidity meter is arranged on the water collecting tank; the water inlets on the side wall of the test area are arranged at intervals vertically, and the water inlets are provided with control water valves.
2. The seepage test device for simulating granite binary structure side slope according to claim 1, wherein: the test soil tank is of a cuboid structure and is made of transparent organic glass, and a steel frame base is arranged below the test soil tank; the water outlet is provided with a water outlet porous plate, and water outlet holes with the aperture of 1mm are distributed on the water outlet porous plate.
3. The seepage test device for simulating granite binary structure side slope according to claim 1, wherein: the middle partition plate consists of a water permeable plate on the upper part and a water stop plate on the lower part, a plurality of water permeable holes with the diameter of 2mm are formed in the water permeable plate, and the height of the buffer layer is not higher than the height of the water permeable hole with the lowest position on the water permeable plate.
4. A seepage test method for simulating a granite binary structure side slope is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the seepage test device for simulating the granite binary structure side slope according to claim 1 comprises the following steps:
(1) Installing a seepage test device according to test requirements and a test site, and pouring inclined bedrock surfaces with different forms in the test zone by utilizing cement according to the test requirements;
(2) Mixing the sieved granite weathered soil clay with 137Cs nuclide tracer, and fully stirring and mixing; according to the original grain composition of the weathered soil, preparing a test soil sample required by a test, filling the test soil sample into a test area of a test soil tank in a layered manner according to a certain compactness, and paving a layer of coarse grain soil with a thickness on the top surface of the granite weathered soil to serve as a buffer layer;
(3) Installing a pore water pressure gauge on a pressure measuring hole, starting and testing the working state of each measuring instrument, adjusting the shooting range of a camera, and acquiring the content and the space distribution state of 137Cs nuclide tracer before the test by using a nuclide identifier;
(4) Opening a control water valve of the lowest water inlet, closing the rest control water valves, injecting seepage water, and starting a seepage test;
(5) In the test process, reading by using a pore water pressure gauge acquired by a data acquisition instrument; shooting and collecting the migration and aggregation process of fine particles in the test soil tank at regular time by using a camera; recording the accumulated water yield of the water collecting tank in each period; monitoring and recording the concentration of the cosmid in the lost water body at each time interval by using a turbidity meter; monitoring the content and the spatial distribution form of 137Cs tracer in a test soil tank by using a nuclide identifier;
(6) After seepage is stable, the cosmid in the soil body does not migrate any more, each item of monitoring data has no obvious fluctuation, the current control water valve is closed, the control water valve of the last water inlet is opened, the height of the seepage head is increased, the seepage test is continued, and the change of each item of data is monitored by using the measuring system;
(7) When the highest water head is lifted to reach seepage stability or a large amount of fine particles of the soil sample to be tested run off under a certain level of hydraulic gradient to form a seepage channel which is obviously communicated or is gathered at a base-coating interface to form a weak thin layer, ending the seepage test.
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