CN114410309A - Iron-based saline-alkali soil conditioner and application method thereof - Google Patents
Iron-based saline-alkali soil conditioner and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114410309A CN114410309A CN202111588355.3A CN202111588355A CN114410309A CN 114410309 A CN114410309 A CN 114410309A CN 202111588355 A CN202111588355 A CN 202111588355A CN 114410309 A CN114410309 A CN 114410309A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/04—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only applied in a physical form other than a solution or a grout, e.g. as granules or gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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Abstract
The invention discloses an iron-based saline-alkali soil conditioner and an application method thereof, wherein the application method comprises the steps of preparing a soil conditioner A, preparing a soil conditioner B and cooperatively applying the soil conditioner A and the soil conditioner B, wherein the soil conditioner A comprises 85-95 parts of industrial iron powder, 5-15 parts of sulfur powder and 0-5 parts of trace elements; the application method of the iron-based saline-alkali soil conditioner is obtained by modifying the iron powder by the sulfur powder and combining the application time of the conditioner A and the application time of the conditioner B, has a good improvement effect on the saline-alkali soil, and has an obvious promotion effect on the growth of crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, in particular to an iron-based saline-alkali soil conditioner and an improvement method thereof.
Background
Salinized soil is widely distributed all over the world, and the problem of salinization of soil is a worldwide problem. The reasonable development and utilization of huge saline-alkali land resources are important breakthrough for solving the contradiction between the increasing population and the decrease of the grip of the cultivated land area, and are also the hot spots of the research of scientists.
The improvement of saline-alkali soil is a work with great difficulty, high complexity and long period, so the improvement is concerned by relevant scholars at home and abroad for a long time. The saline-alkali soil improvement methods are various, such as irrigation and drainage water conservancy engineering measures, organic fertilizer application increasing measures, agricultural measures for planting halophyte and the like, which are adopted at present, either have overlarge investment or have slow effect. The application of the saline-alkali soil conditioner is an economical and convenient method, and can improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, enhance the fertilizer and water retention capacity of the soil and enhance the effectiveness of trace elements in the soil; meanwhile, the method can also improve the activity of microorganisms and enzymes in the soil, inhibit pathogenic microorganisms, enhance the resistance of plants and the like, and has a positive repairing effect on soil problems.
How to select a proper saline-alkali soil conditioner and how to maximize the effect of the conditioner is a general and practical problem to be faced by people.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an iron-based saline-alkali soil conditioner aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The invention also aims to provide an application method of the iron-based saline-alkali soil conditioner.
The invention also aims to provide application of the sulfur powder in modification of iron powder in soil conditioners.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a soil conditioner A comprises the following components in parts by weight:
85-95 parts of industrial iron powder
5-15 parts of sulfur powder
0-5 parts of trace elements.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, the soil conditioner a comprises the following components in parts by weight:
88 portions of industrial iron powder
10 portions of sulfur powder
2 parts of trace elements.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, the trace element is selected from one or two of boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, the boric fertilizer is selected from one or two of borax and boric acid.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, the zinc fertilizer is selected from one or two of zinc sulfate heptahydrate and zinc chloride.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the modifier A, which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing industrial iron powder, sulfur powder and trace elements in parts by weight, placing the mixture into an agate ball milling tank, adding agate beads into the agate ball milling tank, then placing the agate ball milling tank into a planetary ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 1-20 hours at the rotating speed of 150-350 revolutions per minute to obtain the modifier A.
A soil conditioner B comprises the following components in parts by weight:
85-95 parts of organic matter
5-15 parts of silicon fertilizer.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the soil conditioner B, which comprises the following steps: and (3) physically and uniformly mixing the organic matters and the silicon fertilizer according to a proportion by manual or mechanical means to obtain the modifier B.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, the organic matter is selected from one or two of humic acid and biochar.
Further, as a preferred embodiment, the silicon fertilizer is selected from one or more of sodium silicate, potassium silicate and sodium metasilicate.
The invention also provides a method for improving the saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing modifier A;
s2: preparing a modifier B;
s3: application of modifier a: leveling the saline-alkali soil, spreading the modifying agent A according to the application amount of 100-;
s4: application of modifier B: and (4) broadcasting the modifier B to the saline-alkali soil subjected to airing and maintenance in the S3 according to the application amount of 50-200 Kg/mu, and carrying out rotary tillage on the saline-alkali soil subjected to the broadcasting modifier B to finish the improvement on the saline-alkali soil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the soil conditioner A comprises iron powder and sulfur powder, and the iron-based soil conditioner prepared by modifying the iron powder by the sulfur powder has the advantages of optimal soil conditioning effect, lowest total salinity content of soil in the improved saline-alkali soil, and obviously better emergence rate and plant height than other treatments.
(2) The soil conditioner of the invention can loosen and permeate soil, prevent salt return and promote the growth of crops.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
The experimental procedures used in the following examples are all conventional procedures unless otherwise specified.
The materials used in the following examples and the like are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
1. Example 1
Preparation of S1 modifier A
Uniformly mixing industrial iron powder, sulfur powder and trace elements (boric acid and zinc chloride are mixed in a ratio of 1: 1) according to a mass ratio of 88:10:2, placing the mixture in an agate ball milling tank, adding agate beads into the agate tank, placing the agate tank in a planetary ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 10 hours at a rotating speed of 250 revolutions per minute to obtain the modifier A.
Preparation of S2 modifier B
And (3) manually and physically mixing the biochar and the potassium silicate uniformly according to the mass ratio of 90:10 to obtain a modifier B.
Application of S3 improver A
Carrying out open field soil preparation on the saline-alkali soil, spreading the modifying agent A according to the dosage of 500kg per mu, carrying out rotary tillage, then watering, carrying out maintenance for 10 days, then irrigating and pressing salt by fresh water, and continuing airing and maintaining for 10 days;
application of S4 improver B
And (3) broadcasting a saline-alkali soil modifier B to the saline-alkali soil after the drying and maintenance according to the mu dosage of 100kg, and carrying out rotary tillage on the saline-alkali soil after the modifier B is broadcasted to improve the saline-alkali soil.
2. Comparative example 1
Preparation of S1 modifier A
Uniformly mixing industrial iron powder, sulfur powder and trace elements (boric acid and zinc chloride are mixed in a ratio of 1: 1) according to a mass ratio of 88:10:2, placing the mixture in an agate ball milling tank, adding agate beads into the agate tank, placing the agate tank in a planetary ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 10 hours at a rotating speed of 250 revolutions per minute to obtain the modifier A.
Preparation of S2 modifier B
And (3) manually and physically mixing the biochar and the potassium silicate uniformly according to the mass ratio of 90:10 to obtain a modifier B.
Application of S3 improver B
Carrying out land leveling and land acquisition on the saline-alkali soil, spreading the modifying agent B according to the dosage of 100kg per mu, carrying out rotary tillage, then watering, irrigating and pressing salt by fresh water after 10 days of maintenance, and continuing airing and maintaining for 10 days;
application of S4 improver A
And (3) broadcasting a saline-alkali soil modifier A to the saline-alkali soil after the drying and maintenance according to the use amount of 500kg per mu, and carrying out rotary tillage on the saline-alkali soil after the modifier A is broadcasted, so as to improve the saline-alkali soil.
3. Comparative example 2
Preparation of S1 modifier A
Uniformly mixing industrial iron powder and trace elements (mixed by boric acid and zinc chloride in a ratio of 1: 1) according to a mass ratio of 98:2, placing the mixture into an agate ball milling tank, adding agate beads into the agate tank, placing the agate tank into a planetary ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 10 hours at a rotating speed of 250 revolutions per minute to obtain the modifier A.
Preparation of S2 modifier B
And (3) manually and physically mixing the biochar and the potassium silicate uniformly according to the mass ratio of 90:10 to obtain a modifier B.
Application of S3 improver A
Land leveling and land collection are carried out on the saline-alkali soil, the modifying agent A is spread according to the dosage of 500kg per mu, rotary tillage is carried out, then watering is carried out, fresh water is adopted for irrigating and salt pressing after 10 days of maintenance, and airing and maintenance are continued for 10 days.
S4, spreading the saline-alkali soil conditioner B to the saline-alkali soil after airing and maintenance according to the mu usage of 100kg, and carrying out rotary tillage on the saline-alkali soil after spreading the conditioner B to finish the improvement of the saline-alkali soil.
4. Comparative example 3
Preparation of S1 modifier A
Uniformly mixing industrial iron powder, sodium sulfide and trace elements (boric acid and zinc chloride are mixed in a ratio of 1: 1) according to a mass ratio of 88:10:2, placing the mixture in an agate ball milling tank, adding agate beads into the agate tank, placing the agate tank in a planetary ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 10 hours at a rotating speed of 250 revolutions per minute to obtain the modifier A.
Preparation of S2 modifier B
And (3) manually and physically mixing the biochar and the potassium silicate uniformly according to the mass ratio of 90:10 to obtain a modifier B.
Application of S3 improver A
Carrying out land leveling and land acquisition on the saline-alkali soil, spreading the modifying agent A according to the use amount of 500kg per mu, carrying out rotary tillage, then watering, irrigating and pressing salt by fresh water after 10 days of maintenance, and continuing airing and maintaining for 10 days;
application of S4 improver B
And (3) broadcasting a saline-alkali soil modifier B to the dried saline-alkali soil according to the mu dosage of 100kg, and carrying out rotary tillage on the saline-alkali soil after the modifier B is broadcasted to improve the saline-alkali soil.
5: comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 is a blank, saline-alkali land without any treatment.
Second, improvement effect of different soil conditioners on saline-alkali soil
1. Soil determination index
The total salinity of the soil is measured by referring to the method of the forestry industry standard LY/T1251-199 of the people's republic of China. According to the water-soil ratio of 5:1, adopting a balance method to leach soluble salts in soil, and then utilizing an ion chromatograph to measure the Concentrations (CO) of eight main salt ions in the leachate2 -、HCO3 -、Cl-、SO4 2-、Ca2+、Mg2+、Na+、K+) And calculating the total salt ion amount as the total soil salinity.
2. Effects on crop growth
And planting corns in the saline-alkali soil after the treatment and the improvement, carrying out normal maintenance and management, and measuring the emergence rate and the plant height under the same conditions. The test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 test of the Effect of differently treated improved soils on crop growth
| Treatment of | Total salinity of soil (%) | Rate of emergence (%) | Plant height (cm) |
| Example 1 | 0.45 | 80.5 | 23.5 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.67 | 63.2 | 18.1 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.82 | 38.5 | 13.3 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.84 | 32.3 | 12.8 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.94 | 24.3 | 11.2 |
As can be seen from Table 1, different conditioners have certain improvement on the total salinity content in the saline-alkali soil, and by using the conditioner A and the conditioner B in the embodiment 1 and according to the improvement sequence of the method, the improvement effect on the total salinity in the soil is the best and is obviously better than that of other treatments. The test results show that the treatment of the modified iron powder in the modifier A by using the sulfur powder is optimal. And the saline-alkali soil corn treated in the embodiment 1 has the highest emergence rate and the best growth vigor.
In light of the foregoing description, it is believed that various alterations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The soil conditioner is characterized by comprising the following components: industrial iron powder, sulfur powder and trace elements.
2. A soil amendment according to claim 1, characterised by comprising the following components:
85-95 parts of industrial iron powder
5-15 parts of sulfur powder
0-5 parts of trace elements.
3. A soil amendment according to claim 2, characterised by comprising the following components:
88 portions of industrial iron powder
10 portions of sulfur powder
2 parts of trace elements.
4. The application of the sulfur powder in the saline-alkali soil conditioner is characterized in that the sulfur powder is used for modifying iron powder in the soil conditioner.
5. A soil amendment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the trace elements are selected from one or both of boric fertilizer and zinc fertilizer.
6. A soil conditioner according to claim 5, wherein said boric fertilizer is selected from one or both of borax and boric acid.
7. A soil amendment according to claim 5, wherein the zinc fertilizer is selected from one or both of zinc sulphate heptahydrate and zinc chloride.
8. A method for improving saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 preparation of soil conditioner A
Uniformly mixing industrial iron powder, sulfur powder and trace elements in parts by weight, placing the mixture into an agate ball milling tank, adding agate beads into the agate ball milling tank, then placing the agate ball milling tank into a planetary ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 1-20 hours at the rotating speed of 150-350 revolutions per minute to obtain a modifier A;
s2 preparation of soil conditioner B
Uniformly mixing the organic matter and the silicon fertilizer according to a proportion to obtain a soil conditioner B;
application of S3 soil conditioner A
Leveling the saline-alkali soil, applying the modifier A according to the application amount of 100-;
application of S4 soil conditioner B
And (4) broadcasting the modifier B to the saline-alkali soil subjected to airing and maintenance in the S3 according to the application amount of 50-200 Kg/mu, and carrying out rotary tillage on the saline-alkali soil subjected to the broadcasting modifier B to finish the improvement on the saline-alkali soil.
9. The method for improving the saline-alkali soil according to claim 8, wherein the soil conditioner B comprises the following components: 85-95 parts of organic fertilizer and 5-15 parts of silicon fertilizer.
10. The method for improving the soil of the saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 9, wherein the silicon fertilizer is selected from one or more of sodium silicate, potassium silicate and sodium metasilicate; the organic fertilizer is selected from one or more of humic acid and biochar.
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