CN114407635A - 一种工程机械车辆驱动系统及驱动方法 - Google Patents

一种工程机械车辆驱动系统及驱动方法 Download PDF

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CN114407635A
CN114407635A CN202210024180.1A CN202210024180A CN114407635A CN 114407635 A CN114407635 A CN 114407635A CN 202210024180 A CN202210024180 A CN 202210024180A CN 114407635 A CN114407635 A CN 114407635A
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planet row
module
gear
driving
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唐师法
支峰
王珑
孙亚伟
崔峰
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Wuxi Mingheng Hybrid Power Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion

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Abstract

本发明涉及汽车动力系统技术领域，具体是一种工程机械车辆驱动系统及驱动方法，包括纯电动驱动模块，所述纯电动驱动模块包括一个行星排，所述行星排的太阳轮通过第一齿轮啮合副与EM1电机连接，所述行星排的齿圈通过第二齿轮啮合副与EM2电机连接，所述EM1电机与所述EM2电机的动力经所述行星排耦合后通过所述行星排的行星架输出；还包括液压油泵，所述液压油泵通过第三齿轮啮合副和所述第一齿轮啮合副与所述EM1电机相连，并通过所述EM1电机驱动所述液压油泵工作。本系统可解决纯电动工程机械工作过程中电机堵转的情况；可拓展增程模块，实现电池电量降低，节省成本；相比于传统内燃机机型，可以取消液力变矩器，提高机械效率。

Description

一种工程机械车辆驱动系统及驱动方法
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车动力系统技术领域，尤其涉及一种工程机械车辆驱动系统及驱动方法。
背景技术
工程机械由于其工作特点，驱动装置除了常规的行走功能外，还具有作业功能，例如装载机、挖掘机的液压工作系统。
传统的内燃机驱动的工程机械采用在发动机上或者在变速器上进行取力驱动液压系统工作的方式。由于国家促进新能源工程机械发展、完善相关标准和法规、引导用户使用新能源工程机械。纯电动和混动的工程机械得到了发展。
现有的新能源工程机械驱动装置中，纯电动的工程机械，多采用双电机进行驱动，一个电机驱动行走，一个电机驱动液压系统，两个动力互相独立。由于工程机械的特殊性，行走系统采用电机驱动是有堵转的情况的，例如在装载机的铲装工况下，行走电机会出现堵转，不利于电机功率发挥，也影响电机寿命。同时纯电动工程机械电池容量较大，也带来的成本问题。
因此，急需一种新的技术来解决该技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的问题，提供了一种工程机械车辆驱动系统及驱动方法，采用双电机驱动系统，但是两个电机都可以参与驱动，同时从结构功能上避免了单电机的堵转情况，同时行走和液压互相解耦，方案可拓展增程系统，通过增程器结构，降低电池容量，节约成本。
上述目的是通过以下技术方案来实现：
一种工程机械车辆驱动系统，包括纯电动驱动模块，所述纯电动驱动模块包括一个行星排，所述行星排的太阳轮通过第一齿轮啮合副与EM1电机连接，所述行星排的齿圈通过第二齿轮啮合副与EM2电机连接，所述EM1电机与所述EM2电机的动力经所述行星排耦合后通过所述行星排的行星架输出；还包括液压油泵，所述液压油泵通过第三齿轮啮合副和所述第一齿轮啮合副与所述EM1电机相连，并通过所述EM1电机驱动所述液压油泵工作。
进一步地，还包括可与所述纯电动驱动模块连接的增程模块，所述增程模块包括发动机和EM3发电机，所述发动机通过第四齿轮啮合副与所述EM3发电机连接。
进一步地，所述发动机的输出侧连接有扭转减震器或双质量飞轮。
一种工程机械车辆驱动系统的驱动方法，包括两种模式：
模式一高电量模式，纯电动驱动模块中双电机协调驱动；
模式二低电量模式，增程模块驱动为所述纯电动驱动模块提供电能。
进一步地，在高电量模式下，所述EM1电机转速控制保证所述液压油泵的流量需求，通过调整所述EM2电机的转速来实现车速的变化。
进一步地，在低电量模式下，首先通过所述EM1电机转速控制保证所述液压油泵的流量需求，再通过调整所述EM2电机的转速来实现车速的变化；若电量不足，可通过所述增程模块实现电量的补充。
有益效果
本发明所述提供的一种工程机械车辆驱动系统，具有如下优点：
1、可以避免工程机械在行走中作业时可能出现的堵转情况，例如装载机的铲装工况。
2、可以实现动力的互补，EM1电机和EM2电机均可参与行走驱动，动力性更强。
3、实际工作过程中，由于行星排的结构特点，实际上EM1电机转速控制保证液压系统的流量需求，通过调整EM2电机的转速来实现车速的变化。
4、增程器模块可以实现电量的补充，解决纯电动机型电量大，成本高的问题。
5、可直接搭载纯电动模块1，可以一起搭载模块1和2，两个方案均不需要液力变矩器，相比于传统内燃机机型可以提升机械效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述一种工程机械车辆驱动系统的结构示意图。
图示标记：
1-纯电动驱动模块、11-EM1电机、12-第一齿轮啮合副、13-太阳轮、14-EM2电机、15-第二齿轮啮合副、16-齿圈、17-行星架、18-液压油泵、19-第三齿轮啮合副、2-增程模块、21- 发动机、22-第四齿轮啮合副、23-EM3发电机。
具体实施方式
下面结合图和实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
如图1所示，一种工程机械车辆驱动系统，包括纯电动驱动模块1，所述纯电动驱动模块1包括一个行星排，所述行星排的太阳轮13通过第一齿轮啮合副12与EM1电机11连接，所述行星排的齿圈16通过第二齿轮啮合副15与EM2电机14连接，所述EM1电机11与所述EM2电机14的动力经所述行星排耦合后通过所述行星排的行星架17输出；
还包括液压油泵18，所述液压油泵18通过第三齿轮啮合副19和所述第一齿轮啮合副 12与所述EM1电机11相连，并通过所述EM1电机11驱动所述液压油泵18工作。
本实施例中还包括可与所述纯电动驱动模块1连接的增程模块2，所述增程模块2包括发动机21和EM3发电机23，所述发动机21通过第四齿轮啮合副22与所述EM3发电机23连接。
作为所述增程模块2与所述纯电动驱动模块1的连接方式，在所述发动机21的输出侧连接有扭转减震器或者双质量飞轮等装置。
本实施例还提供了一种工程机械车辆驱动系统的驱动方法，包括两种模式：
模式一高电量模式，纯电动驱动模块中双电机协调驱动；
模式二低电量模式，增程模块驱动为所述纯电动驱动模块提供电能。
具体的，在高电量模式下，所述EM1电机11通过第一齿轮啮合副12与太阳轮13连接，所述EM2电机14通过第二啮合齿轮副15与齿圈16连接，并通过行星架17输出；这样所述EM1电机11和所述EM2电机14动力通过行星排耦合后通过行星架17输出；所述液压系统油泵18通过所述第三齿轮啮合副19和所述第一齿轮啮合副12与所述EM1电机11相连，并通过所述EM1电机11驱动所述液压油泵18工作。
实际工作过程中，由于行星排的结构特点，实际上EM1电机11转速控制保证液压系统的流量需求，通过调整EM2电机14的转速来实现车速的变化。
当出现车速为0时，此时常规单电机机型，电机处于堵转情况，但本系统由于采用行星排动力耦合的方案，可以看出EM1电机11和EM2电机14仍有转速，避免了堵转情况，有利于电机寿命和能力发挥。
在低电量模式下，首先通过所述EM1电机11转速控制保证所述液压油泵18的流量需求，再通过调整所述EM2电机14的转速来实现车速的变化；若电量不足，可通过所述增程模块2 实现电量的补充，或者直接作用于所述EM1电机11和所述EM2电机，驱动其工作，可解决纯电动机型电量大，成本高的问题。
上述方案均不需要液力变矩器，相比于传统内燃机机型可以提升机械效率。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉该技术的人在本发明所揭露的技术范围内，均可想到的变化或替换都涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求保护的范围为准。

Claims (6)

1.一种工程机械车辆驱动系统，其特征在于，包括纯电动驱动模块，所述纯电动驱动模块包括一个行星排，所述行星排的太阳轮通过第一齿轮啮合副与EM1电机连接，所述行星排的齿圈通过第二齿轮啮合副与EM2电机连接，所述EM1电机与所述EM2电机的动力经所述行星排耦合后通过所述行星排的行星架输出；还包括液压油泵，所述液压油泵通过第三齿轮啮合副和所述第一齿轮啮合副与所述EM1电机相连，并通过所述EM1电机驱动所述液压油泵工作。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种工程机械车辆驱动系统，其特征在于，还包括可与所述纯电动驱动模块连接的增程模块，所述增程模块包括发动机和EM3发电机，所述发动机通过第四齿轮啮合副与所述EM3发电机连接。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种工程机械车辆驱动系统，其特征在于，所述发动机的输出侧连接有扭转减震器或双质量飞轮。
4.一种工程机械车辆驱动系统的驱动方法，其特征在于，包括两种模式：
高电量模式，纯电动驱动模块中双电机协调驱动；
低电量模式，增程模块驱动为所述纯电动驱动模块提供电能。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种工程机械车辆驱动系统的驱动方法，其特征在于，在高电量模式下，所述EM1电机转速控制保证所述液压油泵的流量需求，通过调整所述EM2电机的转速来实现车速的变化。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种工程机械车辆驱动系统的驱动方法，其特征在于，在低电量模式下，首先通过所述EM1电机转速控制保证所述液压油泵的流量需求，再通过调整所述EM2电机的转速来实现车速的变化；若电量不足，可通过所述增程模块实现电量的补充。
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