CN114406417B - Rotary arc GTA additive manufacturing system and method based on non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode - Google Patents
Rotary arc GTA additive manufacturing system and method based on non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN114406417B CN114406417B CN202210194007.6A CN202210194007A CN114406417B CN 114406417 B CN114406417 B CN 114406417B CN 202210194007 A CN202210194007 A CN 202210194007A CN 114406417 B CN114406417 B CN 114406417B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
- B23K9/325—Devices for supplying or evacuating shielding gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention relates to a rotating arc GTA additive manufacturing system and method based on a non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode, which belong to the technical field of metal additive manufacturing and comprise an argon arc welding power supply, a rotating arc GTAW welding gun, a welding robot and a wire feeder; the rotary electric arc GTAW welding gun comprises a welding gun shell, a rotary motor, a central rotary shaft, a non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode, a conductive system and an air supply system, wherein the air supply system comprises a main shielding gas structure and an auxiliary shielding gas structure, the main shielding gas is introduced from the top of the welding gun, an auxiliary port is formed in the lower part of the welding gun, the auxiliary shielding gas is introduced from the lower part of the welding gun, the internal gas pressure of the gun body is enhanced, a wire feeder is mechanically connected with the rotary electric arc GTAW welding gun, and the wire feeder is matched with an argon arc welding power supply; the method can effectively increase the width of the molten pool, reduce the heat input, and simultaneously realize metal deposition with high electrical parameters so as to improve the efficiency of additive manufacturing and realize the rapid forming of large parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rotating arc GTA additive manufacturing system and method based on a non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode, and belongs to the technical field of metal additive manufacturing.
Background
Additive manufacturing technology is a new material manufacturing technology that utilizes the discrete-stacked principle, welding technology, and computer aided design, etc. Compared with the traditional material processing technology such as forging, machining and welding, the method has the advantages of no need of tools and grinding tools, high raw material utilization rate, short production period and complex structure realization.
Laser and electron beam additive manufacturing can manufacture structural members with complex shapes, but the corresponding cost is too high, the energy consumption is high, the deposition speed is low, and the method is not suitable for manufacturing large structural members. In the traditional arc metal manufacturing technology, when the production and manufacturing are carried out, heat accumulation is serious along with the increase of the cladding layer number, the high-temperature residence time of a molten pool is too long, the produced workpiece is deformed, and the tissue performance is weakened. Currently, arc additive manufacturing is still dominated by Cold Metal Transition (CMT) technology, but the corresponding equipment is relatively expensive and cannot find wide range of applications. The arc additive manufacturing technology of tungsten inert Gas (GTAW) has the characteristics of low equipment cost, low welding heat input, good welding forming, uniform microstructure, excellent mechanical property and the like. However, the conventional GTAW welding has low efficiency, poor arc controllability and narrow molten pool width, and can not realize rapid molding of large parts.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a rotating arc GTA additive manufacturing method based on a non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode, which can effectively increase the width of a molten pool, reduce heat input, realize metal deposition with high electrical parameters so as to improve the efficiency of additive manufacturing and realize rapid molding of large parts.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a rotating arc GTA additive manufacturing system based on a non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode comprises an argon arc welding power supply, a rotating arc GTAW welding gun, a welding robot and a wire feeder;
the rotary electric arc GTAW welding gun comprises a welding gun shell, a rotary motor, a central rotary shaft, a non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode, a conductive system and an air supply system, wherein the rotary motor is connected with the non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode through the central rotary shaft, and the conductive system is used for being connected with an argon arc welding power supply and providing power; the air supply system is used for providing protective air for the interior of the welding gun; the gas supply system comprises a main protection gas circuit and an auxiliary protection gas circuit, wherein the main protection gas circuit is introduced from the top of the welding gun, the protection gas is filled in a gas chamber in the welding gun body, an auxiliary port is formed in the lower part of the welding gun, the auxiliary protection gas circuit is introduced from the lower part of the welding gun, the gas pressure in the welding gun body is enhanced, and the gas flow of the protection gas is properly increased so as to improve the protection effect of the protection gas on a molten pool;
the rotating arc GTAW welding gun is fixed on the welding robot, the welding robot drives the rotating arc GTAW welding gun to move, and the wire feeder is always positioned in the advancing direction of the welding gun in the moving process so as to ensure the quality of the materials;
the wire feeder is mechanically connected with the rotary arc GTAW welding gun and matched with an argon arc welding power supply, so that the adjustment of wire feeding parameters in the process of material addition is realized;
preferably, in order to increase the area of the rotating arc, the tip of the non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode is an inclined surface, and the inclined angle of the inclined surface is between 35 and 50 degrees.
By changing the axisymmetric tip of the tungsten electrode into a non-axisymmetric platform, rotating the tungsten electrode, dispersing arc pressure, spreading a molten pool to increase the width of the molten pool,
preferably, in order to increase the stability of the electric arc, the burning area of the electric arc and slow down the burning loss degree of the tungsten electrode, the end part of the inclined surface of the non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode is horizontally provided with a blunt surface platform, and the width of the platform is 1-1.5 mm.
Preferably, in order to avoid damage to the industrial robot and the welding power supply during high-frequency arc striking of the rotary electric arc GTAW welding gun, the upper part of the welding gun is made of wood materials, and the contact part of the welding gun and the industrial robot is isolated by conductive rubber.
Preferably, a welding gun bottom supporting cover is arranged below the rotary arc GTAW welding gun, the welding gun bottom supporting cover comprises a round platform part and a cylindrical part, the round platform part is connected with the rotary arc GTAW welding gun, a ceramic nozzle is connected and arranged on the inner side of the cylindrical part, a non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode penetrates through the ceramic nozzle, and a three-hole exhaust port is formed between the welding gun bottom supporting cover and the ceramic nozzle.
Further preferably, the three-hole exhaust port has an angle difference of 60 degrees, is divided into a rear side hole and two side holes according to an arrangement mode, and in the additive manufacturing process, the rear side hole is always positioned right above the deposited metal, mainly has a rear protection effect on the deposited metal, and the two side holes are positioned on two sides of the deposited metal and mainly protect two sides of the deposited metal.
Preferably, the wire feeder adopts a double wire feeder comprising a double wire feeder tube, the cross section of the double wire feeder tube is elliptical, two circular channels are arranged in parallel and are in a trunk-shaped structure, the circular channels are used for placing metal wires, the structure can realize rapid switching of a monofilament-double wire feeder mode, the stability of double wire feeder is improved, the metal deposition efficiency is obviously improved, and meanwhile, the additive manufacturing of heterogeneous metal can also be realized.
The double wire feeding angles in the field have the same side and two sides, and the invention is used for feeding wires in the same direction and is provided with a unique wire feeding device. The conventional arrangement is to realize the mixing of dissimilar metals by adjusting the wire feeding angle, and the other wire feeding mechanism needs to be additionally assembled into the material adding equipment, so that the equipment is dispersed, and the integration of the equipment is not facilitated; the invention can realize good mixing of dissimilar metals by utilizing the rotary electric arc stirring molten pool, and the equipment is integrated into a whole; the wire feeding pipe with the trunk structure is used for feeding wires at the same side, so that the transition of molten drops to a molten pool is more stable; in the hot wire process, if an independent double-wire system is adopted, two sets of hot wire power supplies are needed, and only one set of hot wire power supply is needed by adopting the structure; in the GTA arc material adding process, the wire feeding pipe is required to be always positioned at the front side of the welding gun, compared with the conventionally arranged double wire feeding pipes, the structure enables the gesture adjustment of the welding gun in the material adding complex component to be more convenient.
Further preferably, the electric thermal resistance wire device is added on the wire feeding pipe, so that the metal deposition efficiency can be improved, the heat input is effectively reduced, the thermal deformation of deposited metal in the electric arc material increasing process is obviously improved, and the material increasing manufacturing precision is improved. Firstly, the welding wire is heated to be close to the melting temperature by using another power supply (hot wire power supply) independent of the welding power supply, so that the melting speed of the filling wire is greatly increased, and the metal deposition rate is improved; secondly, after the hot wire device is added, the dilution rate of the base material is reduced, and the welding heat input quantity is adjusted.
An additive method of a rotating arc GTA additive manufacturing system based on a non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode comprises the following steps:
(1) A substrate is arranged before material addition, a fixture is adopted to fix the substrate, and the surface of the substrate is polished and cleaned by alcohol to remove rust and greasy dirt; grinding the bottom of the tungsten electrode into a shape with an inclined conical surface belt platform;
(2) Starting a welding robot, planning a path of the additive, and then performing teaching programming, wherein in the programming process, the wire feeding pipe is always positioned in the advancing direction of the welding gun; setting the tungsten electrode height to be a constant value; adjusting the walking speed of a welding gun in the material adding process; performing blank walking after programming is finished to ensure that a path is free of errors; opening an argon arc welding power supply, adjusting the welding machine to be in a constant-current mode, setting electric parameters, starting a main shielding gas and an auxiliary shielding gas 5s in advance, and closing the auxiliary shielding gas 5s in delay; setting the wire feeding speed of a wire feeding device, synchronizing walking and wire feeding, and drawing wires in advance;
(3) Corresponding parameters are regulated, and the rotating motor is started to enable the non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode to start rotating; and (5) performing high-frequency arc striking, and performing material adding.
According to the invention, in the step (1), a tungsten electrode with the diameter of 3.0mm is adopted, and a 45-degree inclined surface is machined on the bottom of the tungsten electrode and provided with a platform with the width of 1mm.
According to the invention, in the step (2), the rotating speed of the tungsten electrode is 300rpm, the height of the tungsten electrode is 3mm, the running speed of the welding gun is 30cm/min, and the current is 170A; the main protection air flow is 15L/min, and the auxiliary protection air flow is 8L/min; when the single wire is fed, the single wire feeding speed is 240-360cm/min.
Further preferably, in the step (2), double wire feeding is adopted to improve the material adding efficiency and the material adding width, and a wire feeder is controlled by a PLC to synchronously feed wires so as to ensure that the wire feeding speed is consistent; the wire feeding speed of the double wire feeding mode is 200-240 cm/min.
Compared with the conventional GTA arc additive manufacturing, the method adopts a double air supply device, and the flow of the GTA arc additive manufacturing are matched with each other in the process of process experiment; compared with the hump defect generated by high electrical parameters of conventional GTA arc additive manufacturing, the rotating arc can realize the additive manufacturing of the high electrical parameters due to the dispersion of arc pressure, and the deposition process is stable.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the technical scheme, the rotary arc GTAW is adopted for additive manufacturing, compared with the traditional GTAW, the heat input is further reduced, the welding deformation is improved, the width of a molten pool is increased, the additive efficiency is improved, the additive organization is enabled to be finer, and the performance of a workpiece is effectively improved.
2. According to the technical scheme, the material adding is realized through the electric arc generated by rotating the tungsten electrode, and in the material adding process, due to the periodical rotation of the rotating electric arc, proper electric arc pressure is applied to the two sides of the molten pool, so that the tissues at the two sides are more compact, and the mechanical property and the roughness of the side wall of a workpiece are effectively improved.
3. According to the technical scheme, the main protective gas structure and the auxiliary protective gas structure are designed, so that the protective effect on a molten pool is remarkably improved; the double air supply channels are adopted, the inner air supply is the ceramic nozzle, the outer air supply channel adopts the three-hole type exhaust structure, a larger gas protection area is obtained by adopting the ceramic nozzle and the three-hole type exhaust structure, and the arrangement of air holes is carried out, so that the problem of side wall oxidation in the material adding process is effectively solved. In the process of additive manufacturing, as the heightened inert gas of the stacking layer diverges, the external active gas easily enters the protection range, so the protection effect on a molten pool is poor, the double-air-supply device is designed to enlarge the protection range, and the three-hole type exhaust is designed to increase the air flow stiffness of the external protection, so that the external active gas is well isolated; the traditional GTA arc additive manufacturing only adopts a ceramic nozzle, and the protection range is small. The protection scope is big in this application, and the three hole type air flow stiffness is big, and is better to outside active gas isolation effect.
4. According to the technical scheme, by designing the double-wire feeding structure and changing the wire feeding structure, the trunk-shaped wire feeding hole can not only realize single wire feeding, but also realize double wire feeding, and the same-side wire feeding ensures the stability of the melting process; meanwhile, the rotating arc has stirring effect on the heterogeneous metal material-increasing molten pool, so that the fusion is more sufficient, and the material-increasing efficiency is further improved.
5. According to the technical scheme, the welding robot drives the welding gun to move, and flexible movement of the tungsten electrode in all directions can be accurately and flexibly realized through robot control and positioning, so that stable and accurate material adding in the material adding process is ensured.
6. According to the technical scheme, the resistance hot wire device is added on the wire feeding device, so that the cladding speed is improved, the electric parameters are reduced, the welding heat input is further reduced, and the deformation of the arc additive is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall welding system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a rotary arc GTAW gun;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of a rotating arc GTAW torch;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a bottom bracket of a welding gun;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a double wire feed tube;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a tail bend section of a dual wire feed tube;
FIG. 7 is a sample view of additive forming;
FIG. 8a is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an additive package under a rotating arc according to the present invention;
FIG. 8b is a schematic diagram of a conventional arc under-profile;
1, a main protection gas circuit; 2. a double-wire feeding pipe; 3. a welding gun clamping device; 4. a wire clamping device; 5. an auxiliary protection gas circuit; 6. a welding gun bottom bracket; 7. an exhaust port; 8. a ceramic nozzle; 9. a non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode; 10. protecting the air wall.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further illustrated by way of example, but not by way of limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
1-3, a rotating arc GTA additive manufacturing system based on a non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode comprises an argon arc welding power supply, a rotating arc GTAW welding gun, a welding robot and a wire feeder;
the rotary electric arc GTAW welding gun comprises a welding gun shell, a rotary motor, a central rotary shaft, a non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode, a conductive system and an air supply system, wherein the rotary motor is connected with the non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode through the central rotary shaft, and the conductive system is used for being connected with an argon arc welding power supply and providing power; the air supply system is used for providing protective air for the interior of the welding gun; the gas supply system comprises a main protection gas circuit 1 and an auxiliary protection gas circuit 5, wherein the main protection gas is introduced from the top of the welding gun, the protection gas is filled in a gas chamber in the welding gun, an auxiliary port is formed in the lower part of the welding gun, the auxiliary protection gas is introduced from the lower part of the welding gun, the gas pressure in the welding gun is enhanced, and the gas flow of the protection gas is properly increased so as to improve the protection effect of the protection gas on a molten pool;
the rotating electric arc GTAW welding gun is fixed on a welding robot through a welding gun clamping device 3, the welding robot drives the rotating electric arc GTAW welding gun to move, and a wire feeder is always positioned in the advancing direction of the welding gun in the moving process so as to ensure the quality of the materials;
the wire feeder is mechanically connected with a rotary arc GTAW welding gun through a welding wire clamping device 4, and is matched with an argon arc welding power supply to realize adjustment of wire feeding parameters in the process of material addition;
the tip of the non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode is an inclined plane, the inclined angle of the inclined plane is 45 degrees, the end part of the inclined plane of the non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode is horizontally provided with a blunt plane platform, and the width of the platform is 1mm.
In order to avoid damage to the industrial robot and a welding power supply during high-frequency arc striking of the rotary electric arc GTAW welding gun, the upper part of the welding gun is made of wood materials, and the contact part of the welding gun and the industrial robot is isolated by conductive rubber.
The method is characterized in that a welding gun bottom supporting cover 6 is arranged below the rotating arc GTAW welding gun, the welding gun bottom supporting cover comprises a round table part and a cylindrical part, the round table part is connected with the rotating arc GTAW welding gun, a ceramic nozzle 8 is connected and arranged on the inner side of the cylindrical part, a non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode 9 penetrates through the ceramic nozzle, a three-hole exhaust port is formed between the welding gun bottom supporting cover and the ceramic nozzle, and when the method is used for additive manufacturing, a metal deposition area is large, a larger gas protection area needs to be formed to prevent metal oxidation, so that a ceramic nozzle and three-hole exhaust structure are adopted at the lower part of the welding gun to obtain the larger gas protection area.
The angle difference between the three-hole exhaust port is 60 degrees, as shown in fig. 4, and is divided into a rear side hole and two side holes according to an arrangement mode, in the additive manufacturing process, the rear side hole is always positioned right above the deposited metal, and mainly has a rear protection effect on the deposited metal, and the two side holes are positioned on two sides of the deposited metal and mainly protect two sides of the deposited metal.
The wire feeder adopts the double wire to include double wire feeding pipe 2, double wire feeding pipe cross-section is oval, has two circular channels in the interior side by side, and the aperture is 1.4mm, and distance between two channel centers is 2mm, is the trunk-like structure and is shown as figure 5, and the tail section is crooked as figure 6, and circular channel is used for placing the metal wire, and this kind of structure can realize quick switching monofilament-double wire feeding mode, increases double wire feeding's stability, is showing improvement metal deposition efficiency, also can realize heterogeneous metal's material increase manufacturing simultaneously.
Example 2:
a rotary arc GTA additive manufacturing system based on a non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode is structurally characterized in that a tip of the non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode is an inclined surface, an inclined angle of the inclined surface is 35 degrees, a blunt surface platform is horizontally arranged at the end part of the inclined surface of the non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode, and the width of the platform is 1mm.
Example 3:
a rotary arc GTA additive manufacturing system based on a non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode is structurally characterized in that a tip of the non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode is an inclined surface, the inclined angle of the inclined surface is 50 degrees, a blunt surface platform is horizontally arranged at the end part of the inclined surface of the non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode, and the width of the platform is 1.5mm.
Example 4:
a rotary arc GTA additive manufacturing system based on a non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode has the structure as described in the embodiment 1, and is different in that an electric thermal resistance wire device is added on a wire feeding pipe, so that the metal deposition efficiency can be improved, the heat input can be effectively reduced, the thermal deformation of deposited metal in the arc additive process can be remarkably improved, and the additive manufacturing precision can be improved. In the process of material addition, the uneven heating and cooling of the material addition part can lead to deformation of metal in the process of material addition, when a hot wire device is adopted, lower electric parameters can be selected under the condition of reaching the same material addition efficiency, the generated heat can be reduced, the deformation effect is weakened, and the precision of material addition manufacturing is improved.
Example 5:
an additive method using the non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode based rotating arc GTA additive manufacturing system of embodiment 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) A substrate is arranged before material addition, a fixture is adopted to fix the substrate, and the surface of the substrate is polished and cleaned by alcohol to remove rust and greasy dirt; grinding the bottom of the tungsten electrode into a shape with an inclined conical surface belt platform; a tungsten electrode with the diameter of 3.0mm is adopted, and a 45-degree inclined plane is machined at the bottom of the tungsten electrode and provided with a platform with the width of 1mm.
(2) Starting a welding robot, planning a path of the additive, and then performing teaching programming, wherein in the programming process, the wire feeding pipe is always positioned in the advancing direction of the welding gun; setting the height of the tungsten electrode to be 3mm at a constant value; the rotating speed of the tungsten electrode is 300rpm, and the walking speed of the welding gun in the material adding process is regulated to be 30cm/min; performing blank walking after programming is finished to ensure that a path is free of errors; opening an argon arc welding power supply, adjusting the welding machine to be in a constant-current mode, setting the electric parameter current to be 170A, starting a main shielding gas and an auxiliary shielding gas 5s in advance, and closing the auxiliary shielding gas 5s in delay; setting the wire feeding speed of a wire feeding device, synchronizing walking and wire feeding, and drawing wires in advance; the main protection air flow is 15L/min, and the auxiliary protection air flow is 8L/min; when the single wire is fed, the single wire feeding speed is 260cm/min.
(3) Corresponding parameters are regulated, and the rotating motor is started to enable the non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode to start rotating; and (3) performing high-frequency arc striking, starting a welding robot moving system, and performing material adding.
The additive-molded part is shown in fig. 7, and the side wall of the molded part is flat and has high precision as can be seen from the figure. As can be seen from the cross-sectional view, the fusion between the layers of the shaped article is good and there are no significant defects. As shown in fig. 8a and 8b, the rotating arc additive package is more densely organized than conventional GTA arc additive packages.
Example 6:
an additive method using the rotary arc GTAW welding system of example 1 suitable for arc additive manufacturing, the steps of which are as described in example 5, except that in step (2), the single wire feed speed is 240cm/min.
Example 7:
an additive method using the rotary arc GTAW welding system of example 1 suitable for arc additive manufacturing, the steps of which are as described in example 5, except that in step (2), the single wire feed speed is 360cm/min.
Example 8:
an additive method using the rotary arc GTAW welding system of embodiment 1, wherein the steps are as described in embodiment 5, except that in step (2), dual wire feeding is used to improve the additive efficiency and the additive width, and the wire feeder uses PLC control to perform synchronous wire feeding to ensure consistent wire feeding speed; the wire feeding speed of the double wire feeding mode is 220cm/min.
Example 9:
an additive method using the rotary arc GTAW welding system of example 1 suitable for arc additive manufacturing, the steps of which are as described in example 8, except that in step (2), the wire feed speed of the dual wire feed mode is 200cm/min.
Example 10:
an additive method using the rotary arc GTAW welding system of example 1 suitable for arc additive manufacturing, the steps of which are as described in example 8, except that in step (2), the wire feed speed of the dual wire feed mode is 240cm/min.
Claims (8)
1. The rotary arc GTAW welding system suitable for arc additive manufacturing is characterized by comprising an argon arc welding power supply, a rotary arc GTAW welding gun, a welding robot and a wire feeder;
the rotary electric arc GTAW welding gun comprises a welding gun shell, a rotary motor, a central rotary shaft, a non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode, a conductive system and an air supply system, wherein the rotary motor is connected with the non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode through the central rotary shaft, and the conductive system is used for being connected with an argon arc welding power supply and providing power; the air supply system is used for providing protective air for the interior of the welding gun; the gas supply system comprises a main shielding gas structure and an auxiliary shielding gas structure, wherein the main shielding gas is introduced from the top of the welding gun, the shielding gas fills the gas chamber in the gun body, an auxiliary port is formed in the lower part of the welding gun, the auxiliary shielding gas is introduced from the lower part of the welding gun, and the gas pressure in the gun body is enhanced; a ceramic nozzle is arranged below the rotary arc GTAW welding gun, a non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode penetrates through the ceramic nozzle, a welding gun bottom supporting cover is arranged on the outer side of the ceramic nozzle, and a three-hole exhaust port is formed between the welding gun bottom supporting cover and the ceramic nozzle; the angle difference between the three-hole exhaust ports is 60 degrees, and the three-hole exhaust ports are divided into a rear side hole and two side holes according to an arrangement mode, wherein the rear side hole is always positioned right above deposited metal, and the two side holes are positioned at two sides of the deposited metal;
the rotating arc GTAW welding gun is fixed on the welding robot, and the welding robot drives the rotating arc GTAW welding gun to move;
the wire feeder is mechanically connected with the rotating arc GTAW welding gun and is matched with an argon arc welding power supply.
2. The rotating arc GTAW welding system suitable for arc additive manufacturing of claim 1 wherein the non-axisymmetric tungsten tip is an inclined surface having an inclination angle between 35 ° and 50 °.
3. The rotary arc GTAW welding system suitable for arc additive manufacturing of claim 2 wherein the non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode inclined surface end is horizontally provided with a blunt surface platform with a width of 1-1.5 mm.
4. The rotary arc GTAW welding system suitable for arc additive manufacturing of claim 1 wherein the wire feeder comprises a double wire feed tube having an oval cross section with two circular channels side by side therein for placement of the wire;
an electric thermal resistance wire device is added on the double wire feeding pipe.
5. An additive method using the rotary arc GTAW welding system for arc additive manufacturing of any one of the preceding claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
(1) A substrate is arranged before material addition, a fixture is adopted to fix the substrate, and the surface of the substrate is polished and cleaned by alcohol to remove rust and greasy dirt; grinding the bottom of the tungsten electrode into a shape with an inclined conical surface belt platform;
(2) Starting a welding robot, planning a path of the additive, and then performing teaching programming to ensure that the wire feeding pipe is always positioned in the advancing direction of the welding gun; setting the tungsten electrode height to be a constant value; adjusting the walking speed of a welding gun in the material adding process; performing blank walking after programming is finished to ensure that a path is free of errors; opening an argon arc welding power supply, adjusting the welding machine to be in a constant-current mode, setting electric parameters, starting a main shielding gas and an auxiliary shielding gas 5s in advance, and closing the auxiliary shielding gas 5s in delay; setting the wire feeding speed of a wire feeding device, synchronizing walking and wire feeding, and drawing wires in advance;
(3) Corresponding parameters are regulated, and the rotating motor is started to enable the non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode to start rotating; and (5) performing high-frequency arc striking, and performing material adding.
6. An additive method for a rotating arc GTAW welding system adapted for arc additive manufacturing according to claim 5, wherein in step (1), a tungsten electrode having a diameter of 3.0mm is used, and a 45 ° inclined surface is machined into the bottom of the tungsten electrode and has a 1mm wide plateau.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein in step (2), the tungsten electrode has a rotation speed of 300rpm, a tungsten electrode height of 3mm, a torch travel speed of 30cm/min, and a current of 170A; the main protection air flow is 15L/min, and the auxiliary protection air flow is 8L/min; when the single wire is fed, the single wire feeding speed is 240-360cm/min.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein in step (2), dual wire feeding is used, and the wire feeder is controlled by a PLC to perform synchronous wire feeding; the wire feeding speed of the double-wire feeding mode is 200-240 cm/min.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210194007.6A CN114406417B (en) | 2022-03-01 | 2022-03-01 | Rotary arc GTA additive manufacturing system and method based on non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode |
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| CN202210194007.6A CN114406417B (en) | 2022-03-01 | 2022-03-01 | Rotary arc GTA additive manufacturing system and method based on non-axisymmetric tungsten electrode |
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| CN114406417A CN114406417A (en) | 2022-04-29 |
| CN114406417B true CN114406417B (en) | 2023-06-27 |
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| US20090107958A1 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-04-30 | Gm Globaltechnology Operations, Inc. | Torch and Contact Tip for Gas Metal Arc Welding |
| AT516445B1 (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2016-08-15 | Fronius Int Gmbh | TIG welding torch |
| CN204262572U (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-04-15 | 上海空间电源研究所 | A kind of two spout argon-arc welding guns for increasing arc energy density and protected effect |
| CN104907679A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-09-16 | 张建生 | Carbon dioxide welding gun with top-end filtering support device |
| CN109926695A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-25 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of robot single machine is the same as the double non-melt pole electrical arc increasing material manufacturing method and apparatus that fill silk of mouth |
| CN111496345A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2020-08-07 | 南京理工大学 | Method and device for manufacturing melting electrode electric arc and hot filler wire composite single-electric-arc twin-wire additive |
| CN210967409U (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-07-10 | 苏州维尔德焊接科技有限公司 | Double wire feeding hot wire water cooling TIG welding gun |
| CN110977109B (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-03-16 | 山东大学 | GTAW welding system and method suitable for ultra-narrow gap |
| CN111774700B (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2023-12-05 | 广东省焊接技术研究所（广东省中乌研究院） | Narrow-gap TIG welding device |
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