CN114406162B - Automobile connecting rod production process - Google Patents
Automobile connecting rod production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114406162B CN114406162B CN202210091031.7A CN202210091031A CN114406162B CN 114406162 B CN114406162 B CN 114406162B CN 202210091031 A CN202210091031 A CN 202210091031A CN 114406162 B CN114406162 B CN 114406162B
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- automobile connecting
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 240000004282 Grewia occidentalis Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/025—Closed die forging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
- B21D28/02—Punching blanks or articles with or without obtaining scrap; Notching
- B21D28/14—Dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/14—Particular arrangements for handling and holding in place complete dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/003—Selecting material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a production process of an automobile connecting rod, which comprises the following steps: step one, selecting an aluminum bar, and step two, turning the aluminum bar into a forging stock with two thick ends and a thin middle part; step three, placing the turned forging blank into a heating and heat preserving furnace, heating to 480 ℃ after 8 hours, and preserving heat for 4 hours; step four, mounting a hot forging die on a press, wherein the hot forging die adopts a heating pipe heating mode, and the temperature is controlled at 200+/-5 ℃; placing the aluminum bar in a hot forging die for forging and forming to obtain an automobile connecting rod blank; step five, feeding the automobile connecting rod blank into a trimming die to cut off burrs, and performing heat treatment: quenching and then annealing; finish machining the profile of the automobile connecting rod blank to form a finished product; and step eight, inspecting, packaging and warehousing the finished product. The method has the advantages that the process is ingenious and perfect, aluminum materials are adopted to replace the prior cast iron materials, the method is light, and meanwhile, the product quality is ensured through the operation modes of the hot forging die, the trimming die, the heat treatment and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobile connecting rod production, in particular to an automobile connecting rod production process.
Background
In the past, automobile connecting rods are formed in a casting mode, cast iron materials are adopted before the connecting rods are cast on automobiles, the strength is met, but the connecting rods are too heavy, the existing automobiles are popularized in light weight, aluminum products are pushed out in the market, but the cast aluminum cannot meet the strength requirement, the strength of the products can be improved by adopting forged aluminum, and the problem of effectively forging and processing automobile connecting rod blanks is solved at present. The middle of one circle of the automobile connecting rod blank forged by the forging die is provided with redundant scrap edges during forging extrusion; the manual removal is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and how to quickly remove the waste edges is a problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an automobile connecting rod production process, which is ingenious in process and perfect in steps and can produce qualified aluminum automobile connecting rods.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the production process of the automobile connecting rod comprises the following steps:
and step one, blanking and selecting an aluminum bar.
Turning, namely turning the aluminum bar into a forging stock with thick ends and thin middle parts.
Step three, before hot forging, placing the turned forged blank into a heating and heat-preserving furnace, heating to 480 ℃ after 8 hours, preserving heat for 4 hours, so that the aluminum bar is kept at 470-480 ℃, heating is uniform, the blank with insufficient heat-preserving time or the blank with unsatisfactory temperature cannot enter the next working procedure, and re-furnace heating is required.
Step four, mounting a hot forging die on a press, wherein the hot forging die adopts a heating pipe heating mode, and the temperature is controlled at 200+/-5 ℃; and (3) placing the aluminum bar heated in the step (III) in a hot forging die for hot forging and forming to obtain the automobile connecting rod blank.
And fifthly, taking out the automobile connecting rod blank in the step four, and sending the automobile connecting rod blank into a trimming die to cut off flash.
Step six, heat treatment: firstly quenching, namely, an operator loads the automobile connecting rod blank with the flash removed in the step five into a 65KW quenching furnace layer by layer according to the product size, and turns on a power supply to heat up to 525+/-5 ℃, the temperature is kept for 4-5 hours, the water temperature of water quenching water is below 40 ℃, and the quenching time is 1 minute; after quenching, keeping at room temperature for at least 4 hours; annealing again, and putting the quenched automobile connecting rod blank into a box-type annealing furnace by an operator; aging, namely starting a power supply by an operator to heat up to 175+/-5 ℃, preserving heat for 9-10 hours, pulling out and cooling; the hardness HBW of the automobile connecting rod blank is detected to be more than or equal to 113.
And seventhly, performing shot blasting on the automobile connecting rod blank subjected to the heat treatment in the step six, then performing finish machining on the profile of the automobile connecting rod blank, respectively punching two end parts of the automobile connecting rod blank, and performing finish machining on the two end parts of the automobile connecting rod blank to form a finished product.
And step eight, checking, packaging and warehousing the finished product obtained in the step seven.
In the fourth step, a 2500T numerical control electric screw press is adopted during hot forging, and the size, appearance and centering of an upper die and a lower die of a forging piece are carefully checked after the first piece is hot forged; the reason for folding is found out; spraying a release agent on a die cavity continuously in the forging process so as to prevent a product from being embedded into the die; the material temperature is treated in the processing process, the product size and appearance are detected, and data are recorded for examination; after the batch processing is completed, checking the end piece and checking the condition of the die; returning the die to the die warehouse after the die is finished, if the die is damaged, sending the die to a die workshop for repair, and then entering the die warehouse; the forging shop quality inspector inspects the product and fills out corresponding inspection records.
In the fifth step, special attention should be paid to safety during operation, and operators must wear working wear and working shoes and wear glasses; in the operation process, the defective products are found out and should be selected and placed separately in time, so that a quality inspector can check whether to flow into the next procedure; other surfaces of the product cannot be damaged in the operation process, and the surface protection should be paid attention to when the product is placed; the deformation of the product should be prevented as much as possible during the operation.
The aluminum bar is a ∅ mm aluminum bar made of 6082 material, and the blanking length is 655+/-1 mm; or adopting a ∅ aluminum bar made of 6082 material, and the blanking length is 655+/-1 mm.
Turning in the second step, namely turning an aluminum bar with the diameter of ∅ 85 multiplied by 655 plus or minus 1 mm into forged blanks with the heads of ∅ multiplied by 80 plus or minus 0.2 multiplied by 117 plus or minus 1 mm respectively and the middle aluminum bar with the diameter of ∅ plus or minus 0.2 mm; and the two ends of the aluminum bar are close to the middle aluminum bar end to carry out a transition fillet R20 mm.
In the seventh step, the profile of the automobile connecting rod blank is finished, the thickness of the automobile connecting rod blank is required to be 64+/-0.2 mm, and the holes at the two ends of the automobile connecting rod blank are required to be ∅ 74.8.8 + 0 0.05 Millimeter.
The hot forging die comprises an upper die, a lower die, an upper die cavity and a lower die cavity, wherein the upper die is arranged above the lower die, an upper die cavity is designed below the upper die, a lower die cavity is designed above the lower die, the upper die cavity comprises two upper circular grooves and upper strip-shaped grooves, two ends of each upper strip-shaped groove are respectively provided with an upper circular groove, an upper conical column is respectively designed between the two upper circular grooves, an upper strip-shaped bulge is designed between the two upper circular grooves, and two ends of each upper strip-shaped bulge are respectively connected with the upper circular grooves; the lower die cavity also comprises two lower circular grooves and lower strip-shaped grooves, wherein two lower circular grooves are respectively designed at two ends of each lower strip-shaped groove, a lower conical column is respectively designed between the two lower circular grooves, a lower strip-shaped bulge is designed in the middle of each lower strip-shaped groove, two ends of each lower strip-shaped bulge are respectively connected with each lower circular groove, and arc-shaped positioning grooves are respectively designed on the two lower conical columns; the four corners of the lower end of the upper die are respectively provided with a guide pillar, the four corners of the upper end of the lower die are respectively provided with a guide pillar hole, and the four guide pillars are respectively inserted into the guide pillar holes in a corresponding sliding manner; heating pipes and temperature sensors are respectively designed on the upper die and the lower die, a plurality of heating pipes are uniformly distributed in the upper die, a plurality of heating pipes are uniformly distributed in the lower die, the temperature sensor of the upper die is arranged at one side of the upper die close to the upper die cavity, and the temperature sensor of the lower die is arranged at one side of the lower die close to the lower die cavity; the diameters of the guide posts and the guide post holes are designed to be two groups of large-diameter guide posts and guide post holes on one side, and two groups of small-diameter guide posts and guide post holes on the other side.
The upper die cavity and the lower die cavity are respectively provided with a bulge at one circle, the middle of the two sides of the lower surface of the upper die is respectively provided with an upper limiting block, and the middle of the two sides of the upper surface of the lower die is respectively provided with a lower limiting block; the lower four corners of the upper die and the upper four corners of the lower die are respectively provided with bumps; when the die is assembled, the upper limiting block and the lower limiting block are in mutual interference fit, and the four corner convex blocks of the upper die and the four corner convex blocks of the lower die are correspondingly in mutual interference fit; the bulges on the periphery of the upper model cavity and the bulges on the periphery of the lower model cavity are mutually in interference fit, a gap is reserved between the upper conical column and the lower conical column, and a gap is reserved between the upper strip-shaped bulges and the lower strip-shaped bulges; the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity are designed to be two groups.
The trimming die comprises an upper die, a lower die, a floating plate and an elastic part, wherein a peripheral molded surface of the upper die is designed to be a molded surface imitating the outer peripheral surface of an automobile connecting rod, an upper die cavity is arranged in the middle of the lower surface of the upper die, a lower die cavity is also designed in the middle of the upper surface of the lower die, the structures of the upper die cavity and the lower die cavity are molded surfaces imitating the outer peripheral surface of the automobile connecting rod, an upper die cutter is designed in the periphery of the mouth of the upper die cavity, a lower die cutter is designed in the periphery of the mouth of the lower die cavity, the upper die cutter and the lower die cutter are mutually in shearing fit, the lower die cavity is also designed with the floating plate, and the lower end of the floating plate is arranged at the bottom of the lower die cavity through a plurality of elastic parts; the elastic part is a polyurethane spring, the upper end of the polyurethane spring is connected below the floating plate, and the lower end of the polyurethane spring is connected at the bottom of the lower die cavity; the upper die is arranged on the upper die holder, the lower die is arranged on the lower die holder, two guide posts are arranged on one side of the lower end of the upper die holder, two guide sleeves are arranged on one side of the upper end of the lower die holder, the guide posts and the guide sleeves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the lower ends of the guide posts are correspondingly inserted into the guide sleeves in a sliding manner; the diameters of the two guide posts are designed to be one large and one small, and the diameters of the guide sleeves are also matched with the guide posts in a large and one small mode.
The upper model cavity comprises two upper circular grooves and an upper strip-shaped groove, two ends of the upper strip-shaped groove are correspondingly communicated with the two upper circular grooves respectively, and the two upper circular grooves are deeper than the upper strip-shaped groove in depth; the lower model cavity comprises two lower circular grooves and lower strip-shaped grooves, two ends of each lower strip-shaped groove are correspondingly communicated with the two lower circular grooves respectively, and floating circular grooves are also designed on two sides of the upper surface of the floating plate corresponding to the positions of the lower circular grooves.
The invention has the advantages that: 1. the process is ingenious and perfect, the aluminum material is adopted to replace the prior cast iron material, the weight is light, and meanwhile, the product quality is ensured through the operation modes of the hot forging die, the trimming die, the heat treatment and the like.
2. The aluminum bar after being heated can be forged into a connecting rod blank by the hot forging die design, the aluminum bar can be effectively prevented from rolling when the arc-shaped positioning groove is designed to manually place the blank in the forging process, and meanwhile, the arc-shaped positioning groove is designed on the lower conical column in the middle, so that the length of the aluminum bar can be reduced, and the material can be effectively reduced, thereby achieving the control cost; the guide post and the guide post hole are designed to ensure that the upper die and the lower die are matched accurately; the heating pipe and the temperature sensor are designed to ensure the forging stability during forging, and the blank of the connecting rod has no fold defect.
3. The trimming die is used for cutting the die cavity of the die through profiling, and a cutting edge which is vertically cut is designed on one circle of the die cavity, so that one circle of waste can be cut at one time, the waste can be quickly and effectively cut, and the die is safe and reliable. The spring part and the floating plate structure are designed to ensure that the connecting rod blank cannot fall off when the waste edges are cut off, and meanwhile, the connecting rod blank can be lifted and discharged after cutting; the guide post and guide sleeve design ensures stable cutting trend and high cutting precision, and meanwhile, the large design and the small design prevent the die from being reversed during the installation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a turned aluminum bar blank of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a blank of an automotive connecting rod forged by a hot forging die of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a transverse cross-sectional view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the automotive connecting rod of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hot forging die of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of an upper die of the hot forging die of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a lower die of the hot forging die of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a hot forging die of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic sectional view of the trimming die of the present invention at the upper and lower dies.
Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the trimming die of the present invention at the guide post.
Fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view of the trimming die of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of an upper die of the trimming die of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a lower die of the trimming die of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-5, a process for producing an automotive connecting rod comprises the following steps:
firstly, blanking, namely selecting an aluminum bar, wherein the aluminum bar is a ∅ mm aluminum bar made of 6082 material, and the blanking length is 655+/-1 mm; or adopting a ∅ aluminum bar made of 6082 material, and the blanking length is 655+/-1 mm.
Turning, namely turning an aluminum bar with the length of ∅ multiplied by 655 plus or minus 1 mm into forging blanks with the length of ∅ multiplied by 80 plus or minus 0.2 multiplied by 117 plus or minus 1 mm at two heads of the aluminum bar and the length of ∅ plus or minus 0.2 mm at the middle of the aluminum bar; and the two ends of the aluminum bar are close to the middle aluminum bar end to carry out a transition fillet R20 mm.
Step three, before hot forging, placing the turned forged blank into a heating and heat-preserving furnace, heating to 480 ℃ after 8 hours, preserving heat for 4 hours, so that the aluminum bar is kept at 470-480 ℃, heating is uniform, the blank with insufficient heat-preserving time or the blank with unsatisfactory temperature cannot enter the next working procedure, and re-furnace heating is required.
Step four, mounting a hot forging die on a press, wherein the hot forging die adopts a heating pipe heating mode, and the temperature is controlled at 200+/-5 ℃; placing the aluminum bar heated in the third step in a hot forging die to perform hot forging forming to obtain an automobile connecting rod blank; when in hot forging, a 2500T numerical control electric screw press is adopted, and after the first part is hot forged, the size, appearance and centering of an upper die and a lower die are carefully checked; the reason for folding is found out; spraying a release agent on a die cavity continuously in the forging process so as to prevent a product from being embedded into the die; the material temperature is treated in the processing process, the product size and appearance are detected, and data are recorded for examination; after the batch processing is completed, checking the end piece and checking the condition of the die; returning the die to the die warehouse after the die is finished, if the die is damaged, sending the die to a die workshop for repair, and then entering the die warehouse; the forging shop quality inspector inspects the product and fills out corresponding inspection records.
Step five, taking out the automobile connecting rod blank in the step four, sending the automobile connecting rod blank into a trimming die for trimming, and particularly paying attention to safety in the operation process, so that operators have to wear labor protection work clothes and labor protection shoes and wear glasses; in the operation process, the defective products are found out and should be selected and placed separately in time, so that a quality inspector can check whether to flow into the next procedure; other surfaces of the product cannot be damaged in the operation process, and the surface protection should be paid attention to when the product is placed; the deformation of the product should be prevented as much as possible during the operation.
Step six, heat treatment: firstly quenching, namely, an operator loads the automobile connecting rod blank with the flash removed in the step five into a 65KW quenching furnace layer by layer according to the product size, and turns on a power supply to heat up to 525+/-5 ℃, the temperature is kept for 4-5 hours, the water temperature of water quenching water is below 40 ℃, and the quenching time is 1 minute; after quenching, keeping at room temperature for at least 4 hours; annealing again, and putting the quenched automobile connecting rod blank into a box-type annealing furnace by an operator; aging, namely starting a power supply by an operator to heat up to 175+/-5 ℃, preserving heat for 9-10 hours, pulling out and cooling; the hardness HBW of the automobile connecting rod blank is detected to be more than or equal to 113.
Step seven, the automobile connecting rod blank subjected to the heat treatment in the step six is subjected to shot blasting, then the profile of the automobile connecting rod blank is finished, two end parts of the automobile connecting rod blank are respectively punched and finished into double holes, the thickness of the automobile connecting rod blank is required to be 64+/-0.2 mm, and the two end holes of the automobile connecting rod blank are required to be ∅ 74.8.8 + 0 0.05 Millimeter, forming the finished product.
And step eight, checking, packaging and warehousing the finished product obtained in the step seven.
Referring to fig. 6-9, the hot forging die comprises an upper die 1, a lower die 2, an upper die cavity 3 and a lower die cavity 4, wherein the upper die 1 is positioned above the lower die 2, the upper die cavity 3 is designed below the upper die 1, the lower die cavity 4 is designed above the lower die 2, the upper die cavity 3 comprises two upper circular grooves 31 and upper strip grooves 32, two ends of each upper strip groove 32 are respectively provided with an upper circular groove 31, an upper conical column 33 is respectively designed between the two upper circular grooves 31, an upper strip protrusion 34 is designed between the upper strip grooves 32, and two ends of each upper strip protrusion 34 are respectively connected with the upper circular grooves 31; the lower model cavity 4 also comprises two lower circular grooves 41 and lower strip-shaped grooves 42, two ends of each lower circular groove 42 are respectively provided with a lower circular groove 41, a lower conical column 43 is respectively arranged between the two lower circular grooves 41, a lower strip-shaped bulge 44 is arranged between the lower circular grooves 42, two ends of each lower strip-shaped bulge 44 are respectively connected with the lower circular grooves 41, and arc-shaped positioning grooves 45 are respectively arranged above the two lower conical columns 43. When the blank is placed manually in the arc-shaped positioning groove design, the aluminum bar can be effectively prevented from rolling, meanwhile, the arc-shaped positioning groove is designed on the lower conical column in the middle, the length of the aluminum bar can be reduced, and the material can be effectively reduced, so that the control cost is achieved. The four corners of the lower end of the upper die 1 are respectively provided with a guide post 5, the four corners of the upper end of the lower die 2 are respectively provided with a guide post hole 6, and the four guide posts 5 are respectively correspondingly inserted into the guide post holes 6 in a sliding manner. The diameters of the guide post 5 and the guide post hole 6 are designed to be two groups of large-diameter guide posts and guide post holes on one side, and two groups of small-diameter guide posts and guide post holes on the other side. Therefore, dislocation can be prevented when the die is assembled, the diameter of the guide post is set to be one size, dislocation can be effectively avoided when a worker clamps the die, once the direction of the die is incorrectly installed, the upper guide post is not matched with the lower guide post hole, the fact that the die is incorrectly installed is known, after all, the shapes of the two ends of the connecting rod are different, but the sizes of the connecting rod are different, the die cannot be assembled in a staggered mode, and otherwise, the blank of a forged product is seriously unqualified. The upper die 1 and the lower die 2 are respectively provided with a heating pipe 7 and a temperature sensor 8, a plurality of heating pipes 7 are uniformly distributed and installed in the upper die 1, a plurality of heating pipes 7 are uniformly distributed and installed in the lower die 2, the temperature sensor 8 of the upper die 1 is installed at one side of the upper die 1 close to the upper die cavity 3, and the temperature sensor 8 of the lower die 2 is installed at one side of the lower die 2 close to the lower die cavity 4. The periphery of the upper mold cavity 3 and the lower mold cavity 4 are respectively provided with a bulge 9, the middle of the two sides of the lower surface of the upper mold 1 is respectively provided with an upper limit block 11, and the middle of the two sides of the upper surface of the lower mold 2 is respectively provided with a lower limit block 21; the lower four corners of the upper die and the upper four corners of the lower die are respectively provided with bumps; when the die is assembled, the upper limiting block 11 and the lower limiting block 21 are in mutual interference fit, and the four-corner convex blocks of the upper die and the four-corner convex blocks of the lower die are correspondingly in mutual interference fit; the bulges 9 around the upper mould cavity 3 are mutually in interference fit with the bulges 9 around the lower mould cavity 4, a gap is reserved between the upper conical column 33 and the lower conical column 43, and a gap is reserved between the upper strip-shaped bulge 34 and the lower strip-shaped bulge 44. When the hot forging die is used, heating is started, the upper die and the lower die are heated to a set temperature through the heating pipe, the pretreated aluminum bar is placed in the arc-shaped positioning grooves 45 on the upper surfaces of the two lower conical columns 43 in the cavity of the lower die, the arc-shaped positioning grooves can stably support the aluminum bar, the aluminum bar is prevented from shifting during forging extrusion, and the forging quality is improved; the upper die is pressed down, the aluminum bar is extruded and extended to be filled in the cavities of the upper die cavity and the lower die cavity, at the moment, the upper limiting block is contacted with the lower limiting block, the bulge 9 on the periphery of the upper die cavity 3 and the bulge 9 on the periphery of the lower die cavity 4 are mutually abutted, the descending is finished, the pressure is maintained for a certain time, the die is opened, the automobile connecting rod blank is taken out, and the next procedure is carried out, and the operations of trimming, punching and the like are carried out. The hot forging die design of the invention provides two stations, and can forge two products simultaneously.
Referring to fig. 10-14, the trimming die comprises an upper die 51, a lower die 52, a floating plate 53 and an elastic part 54, wherein a peripheral surface of the upper die 51 is designed to be a surface simulating the outer peripheral surface of an automobile connecting rod, an upper die cavity 55 is formed in the middle of the lower surface of the upper die 51, a lower die cavity 56 is also formed in the middle of the upper surface of the lower die 52, the upper die cavity 55 and the lower die cavity 56 are both structures simulating the outer peripheral surface of the automobile connecting rod, an upper die cutter 57 is designed around the mouth of the upper die cavity 55, a lower die cutter 58 is designed around the mouth of the lower die cavity 56, the upper die cutter 57 and the lower die cutter 58 are mutually in shearing fit, a floating plate 53 is also designed in the lower die cavity 56, and the lower end of the floating plate 53 is installed at the bottom of the lower die cavity 56 through a plurality of elastic parts 54. The elastic part 54 is a polyurethane spring, the upper end of which is connected to the lower surface of the floating plate 53, and the lower end of which is connected to the bottom of the lower mold cavity 56. The upper die 51 is installed on the upper die holder 511, the lower die 52 is installed on the lower die holder 512, two guide posts 59 are installed on one side of the lower end of the upper die holder 511, two guide sleeves 510 are installed on one side of the upper end of the lower die holder 512, the guide posts 59 and the guide sleeves 510 are installed in a one-to-one correspondence, and the lower ends of the guide posts 59 are correspondingly inserted into the guide sleeves 510 in a sliding manner. The guide sleeve is blocked when being installed at the bottom, is installed on a workbench through a lower die holder, is blocked through a workbench surface, or is blocked by itself, and plays a limiting role when the guide post descends. The diameters of the two guide posts 59 are designed to be one large and one small, and the diameters of the guide sleeves 510 are also designed to be matched with one large and one small corresponding to the guide posts 59. The upper model cavity 55 comprises two upper circular grooves and an upper strip-shaped groove, two ends of the upper strip-shaped groove are correspondingly communicated with the two upper circular grooves respectively, and the two upper circular grooves are deeper than the upper strip-shaped groove in depth; the lower mold cavity 56 comprises two lower circular grooves and lower strip-shaped grooves, two ends of the lower strip-shaped grooves are correspondingly communicated with the two lower circular grooves respectively, and floating circular grooves are also designed on two sides of the upper surface of the floating plate 53 corresponding to the positions of the lower circular grooves. When the trimming die is used, a forged automobile connecting rod blank is placed in a lower die cavity of a lower die, the upper end of a floating plate is exactly contacted with the lower end of the blank, the lower part of the outline of the blank is exactly matched with the lower die cavity, the upper die is controlled to descend and guided by a guide post and guide sleeve, the upper die cavity of the upper die is sleeved above the outline of the blank, the upper die and the lower die of the lower die continuously descend, the upper die knife of the upper die and the lower die knife of the lower die are mutually sheared, the waste edges of one circle of the blank are cut off, the whole blank downwards presses the floating plate in the punching process, an elastic part is buffered, the guide post extends to the bottom of the guide sleeve in the guide sleeve to play a limiting role, the upper die is prevented from downwards pressing and transiting, the elastic part can upwards push the floating plate upwards, and simultaneously the blank above the floating plate is ejected, so that the blank after trimming can be taken down.
Claims (1)
1. The production process of the automobile connecting rod is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, blanking, namely selecting an aluminum bar, wherein the aluminum bar is a phi 85 mm aluminum bar made of 6082 material, and the blanking length is 655+/-1 mm;
turning, namely turning the aluminum bar into a forging stock with two thick ends and a thin middle part; turning in the second step, namely turning an aluminum bar with the diameter of phi 85 multiplied by 655 plus or minus 1 mm into forging blanks with the two heads of the aluminum bar of phi 80 plus or minus 0.2 multiplied by 117 plus or minus 1 mm and the middle aluminum bar of phi 48 plus or minus 0.2 mm respectively; the two ends of the aluminum bar are close to the middle aluminum bar end to carry out a transition fillet R20 mm;
step three, before hot forging, placing the turned forged blank into a heating and heat-preserving furnace, heating to 480 ℃ after 8 hours, preserving heat for 4 hours, so that the aluminum bar is kept at 470-480 ℃ and heated uniformly, the blank with insufficient heat-preserving time or the blank with unsatisfactory temperature cannot enter the next working procedure, and re-returning to the furnace for heating;
step four, mounting a hot forging die on a press, wherein the hot forging die adopts a heating pipe heating mode, and the temperature is controlled at 200+/-5 ℃; placing the aluminum bar heated in the third step in a hot forging die to perform hot forging forming to obtain an automobile connecting rod blank; in the fourth step, a 2500T numerical control electric screw press is adopted during hot forging, and the size, the appearance and whether the upper die and the lower die are centered or not should be carefully checked after the first part is hot forged; the reason for folding is found out; spraying a release agent on a die cavity continuously in the forging process so as to prevent a product from being embedded into the die; detecting the material temperature, the product size and the appearance in the processing process, and recording data for standby; after the batch processing is completed, checking the end piece and checking the condition of the die; returning the die to the die warehouse after the die is finished, if the die is damaged, sending the die to a die workshop for repair, and then entering the die warehouse; the quality inspector of the forging workshop inspects the product and fills in corresponding inspection records;
step five, taking out the automobile connecting rod blank in the step four, sending the automobile connecting rod blank into a trimming die for trimming, and in the step five, finding out defective products in the operation process, picking out the defective products in time and placing the defective products in addition, so that a quality inspector can check whether the defective products flow into the next procedure; other surfaces of the product cannot be damaged in the operation process, and the surface protection should be paid attention to when the product is placed; the deformation of the product should be prevented as much as possible in the operation process;
step six, heat treatment: firstly quenching, namely, an operator loads the automobile connecting rod blank with the flash removed in the step five into a 65KW quenching furnace layer by layer according to the product size, and turns on a power supply to heat up to 525+/-5 ℃, the temperature is kept for 4-5 hours, the water temperature of water quenching water is below 40 ℃, and the quenching time is 1 minute; after quenching, keeping at room temperature for at least 4 hours; placing the quenched automobile connecting rod blank into a box-type annealing furnace by an operator, starting a power supply by the operator to heat up to 175+/-5 ℃, preserving heat for 9-10 hours, and pulling out and cooling; detecting the hardness HBW of the automobile connecting rod blank to be more than or equal to 113;
step seven, shot blasting is carried out on the automobile connecting rod blank subjected to the heat treatment in the step six, then the profile of the automobile connecting rod blank is finished, and two end parts of the automobile connecting rod blank are respectively perforated and double holes are finished to form a finished product; the profile of the finished automobile connecting rod blank is 64+/-0.2 mm, and the holes at the two ends of the automobile connecting rod blank are phi 74.8 + 0 0.05 Millimeter;
step eight, checking, packaging and warehousing the finished product obtained in the step seven;
the hot forging die comprises an upper die, a lower die, an upper die cavity and a lower die cavity, wherein the upper die is arranged above the lower die, an upper die cavity is designed below the upper die, a lower die cavity is designed above the lower die, the upper die cavity comprises two upper circular grooves and upper strip-shaped grooves, two ends of each upper strip-shaped groove are respectively provided with an upper circular groove, an upper conical column is respectively designed between the two upper circular grooves, an upper strip-shaped bulge is designed between the two upper circular grooves, and two ends of each upper strip-shaped bulge are respectively connected with the upper circular grooves; the lower die cavity also comprises two lower circular grooves and lower strip-shaped grooves, wherein two lower circular grooves are respectively designed at two ends of each lower strip-shaped groove, a lower conical column is respectively designed between the two lower circular grooves, a lower strip-shaped bulge is designed in the middle of each lower strip-shaped groove, two ends of each lower strip-shaped bulge are respectively connected with each lower circular groove, and arc-shaped positioning grooves are respectively designed on the two lower conical columns; the four corners of the lower end of the upper die are respectively provided with a guide pillar, the four corners of the upper end of the lower die are respectively provided with a guide pillar hole, and the four guide pillars are respectively inserted into the guide pillar holes in a corresponding sliding manner; a plurality of heating pipes are uniformly distributed in the upper die, a plurality of heating pipes are uniformly distributed in the lower die, a temperature sensor of the upper die is arranged at one side of the upper die close to the upper die cavity, and a temperature sensor of the lower die is arranged at one side of the lower die close to the lower die cavity; the diameters of the guide posts and the guide post holes are designed to be two groups of large-diameter guide posts and guide post holes on one side, and two groups of small-diameter guide posts and guide post holes on the other side;
the upper die cavity and the lower die cavity are respectively provided with a bulge at one circle, the middle of the two sides of the lower surface of the upper die is respectively provided with an upper limiting block, and the middle of the two sides of the upper surface of the lower die is respectively provided with a lower limiting block; the lower four corners of the upper die and the upper four corners of the lower die are respectively provided with bumps; when the die is assembled, the upper limiting block and the lower limiting block are in mutual interference fit, and the four corner convex blocks of the upper die and the four corner convex blocks of the lower die are correspondingly in mutual interference fit; the bulges on the periphery of the upper model cavity and the bulges on the periphery of the lower model cavity are mutually in interference fit, a gap is reserved between the upper conical column and the lower conical column, and a gap is reserved between the upper strip-shaped bulges and the lower strip-shaped bulges; the upper mold cavity and the lower mold cavity are designed to be two groups;
the trimming die comprises an upper die, a lower die, a floating plate and an elastic part, wherein a peripheral molded surface of the upper die is designed to be a molded surface imitating the outer peripheral surface of an automobile connecting rod, an upper die cavity is arranged in the middle of the lower surface of the upper die, a lower die cavity is also designed in the middle of the upper surface of the lower die, the structures of the upper die cavity and the lower die cavity are molded surfaces imitating the outer peripheral surface of the automobile connecting rod, an upper die cutter is designed in the periphery of the mouth of the upper die cavity, a lower die cutter is designed in the periphery of the mouth of the lower die cavity, the upper die cutter and the lower die cutter are mutually in shearing fit, the lower die cavity is also designed with the floating plate, and the lower end of the floating plate is arranged at the bottom of the lower die cavity through a plurality of elastic parts; the elastic part is a polyurethane spring, the upper end of the polyurethane spring is connected below the floating plate, and the lower end of the polyurethane spring is connected at the bottom of the lower die cavity; the upper die of the trimming die is arranged on the upper die holder, the lower die of the trimming die is arranged on the lower die holder, two guide posts are arranged on one side of the lower end of the upper die holder, two guide sleeves are arranged on one side of the upper end of the lower die holder, the guide posts and the guide sleeves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the lower ends of the guide posts are correspondingly inserted into the guide sleeves in a sliding manner; the diameters of the two guide posts are designed to be one large and one small, and the diameters of the guide sleeves are also matched with the diameters of the guide posts to be one large and one small;
the upper model cavity of the trimming die comprises two upper circular grooves and an upper strip-shaped groove, two ends of the upper strip-shaped groove are correspondingly communicated with the two upper circular grooves respectively, and the two upper circular grooves are deeper than the upper strip-shaped groove in depth; the lower model cavity of the trimming die comprises two lower circular grooves and lower strip-shaped grooves, two ends of each lower strip-shaped groove are correspondingly communicated with the two lower circular grooves respectively, and floating circular grooves are also designed on two sides of the upper surface of the floating plate corresponding to the positions of the lower circular grooves.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210091031.7A CN114406162B (en) | 2022-01-26 | 2022-01-26 | Automobile connecting rod production process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210091031.7A CN114406162B (en) | 2022-01-26 | 2022-01-26 | Automobile connecting rod production process |
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| CN114406162B true CN114406162B (en) | 2024-03-22 |
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| CN108555531A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-09-21 | 天津圣金特汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of forging technology of auto parts connecting rod blank |
| CN110653319A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-07 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Aluminum alloy automobile control arm forging die |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6427326B1 (en) * | 1999-06-17 | 2002-08-06 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of manufacturing connecting rod |
| CN201791814U (en) * | 2010-08-18 | 2011-04-13 | 宁波市北仑区大矸鑫海模具制造厂 | Trimming die for oil disc |
| KR20130088264A (en) * | 2012-01-31 | 2013-08-08 | 쌍용자동차 주식회사 | Simultaneous mold structure cut trim and scrap for automobile |
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| CN110653319A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-07 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Aluminum alloy automobile control arm forging die |
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| CN114406162A (en) | 2022-04-29 |
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