CN114397237A - Water bath type temperature control variable water head seepage instrument and method for testing permeability by using same - Google Patents
Water bath type temperature control variable water head seepage instrument and method for testing permeability by using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN114397237A CN114397237A CN202210059837.8A CN202210059837A CN114397237A CN 114397237 A CN114397237 A CN 114397237A CN 202210059837 A CN202210059837 A CN 202210059837A CN 114397237 A CN114397237 A CN 114397237A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical test equipment, in particular to a variable water head permeameter; the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a water bath type temperature control variable water head seepage instrument capable of testing the permeability of soil at different temperatures. Also provides a method for testing the soil permeability by using the water bath type temperature control variable water head seepage machine. The water bath type temperature control variable water head seepage instrument comprises a variable water head seepage instrument, a sample cylinder, a variable water head pipe, a heating sleeve, a water storage cylinder temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a connecting pipe, a heating rod, a sample temperature sensor, a water bath temperature sensor, a water outlet pipe and a controller, wherein the sample cylinder is positioned in a water bath cavity. The method for detecting the permeability coefficient by using the water bath type temperature-controlled variable water head seepage instrument comprises the following steps: A. filling a sample into the sample cylinder; B. saturating a sample; C. keeping the temperature constant; D. tests were carried out.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical test equipment, in particular to a variable water head permeameter.
Background
At present, the influence of different pH values, confining pressures and the like on the permeability of the soil body has been studied more, but the influence of temperature on the migration and permeability of pollutants is studied less at present. In practical engineering, temperature is usually ignored as a variable, but in view of the current research situation, the influence of temperature changes the liquid-plastic limit and the bound water content of the soil body, and has a great influence on the permeability of the soil body. There is currently no device for testing the permeability of soil at different temperatures.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a water bath type temperature control variable water head seepage instrument capable of testing the permeability of soil at different temperatures. Also provides a method for testing the soil permeability by using the water bath type temperature control variable water head seepage machine.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the water bath type temperature control variable water head seepage instrument comprises a variable water head seepage instrument, a sample cylinder, a variable water head pipe, a heating sleeve, a water storage cylinder temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a connecting pipe, a heating rod, a sample temperature sensor, a water bath temperature sensor, a water outlet pipe and a controller, wherein the sample cylinder is positioned in a water bath cavity;
the variable water head pipe, the water storage cylinder and the connecting pipe are sequentially communicated, the connecting pipe is communicated with an inlet of a sample cylinder of the variable water head seepage instrument, and the water outlet pipe is communicated with an outlet of the sample cylinder;
the sample cylinder is positioned in the water bath cavity, a water storage cylinder temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged in the water storage cylinder, a heating rod and a water bath temperature sensor are arranged in the water bath cavity of the variable water head seepage instrument, and a sample temperature sensor is arranged in the sample cylinder;
the heating sleeve is coated on the variable water head pipe, the water storage cylinder and the connecting pipe;
the heating sleeve, the water storage cylinder temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the heating rod, the sample temperature sensor and the water bath temperature sensor are electrically connected through the controller.
Furthermore, the water-saving device also comprises a water inlet valve, and the water inlet valve is communicated with the water-changing head pipe.
Furthermore, the water outlet device also comprises a water outlet valve which is communicated with the water outlet pipe.
Furthermore, the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve are both electrically operated valves and are electrically connected with the controller.
The method for detecting the permeability coefficient by using the water bath type temperature-controlled variable water head seepage instrument comprises the following steps:
A. filling a sample into the sample cylinder;
B. slowly adding the solution to the top of the wall of the sample, and after the water level is stable, adding the solution into the sample cylinder 10 from the variable water head pipe 1 to enable the redundant solution to freely flow out from a water outlet at the upper part of the permeameter;
C. setting the temperature of the heating sleeve and the temperature of the heating rod, and carrying out the next step after the liquid temperatures in the water storage tank and the water bath cavity are stable;
D. opening the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve to make the solution flow out from the water outlet valve, starting timing after the flow is stable, and simultaneously measuring and recording the initial water head H1After time t, the water inlet valve is closed and the end water head H is recorded2And measuring the volume of the solution flowing out;
E. calculating the permeability, measuring
kT-permeability coefficient (cm/s);
a-area of cross section of variable water head pipe (cm)2)；
A-area of sample (cm)2)；
2.3-transform factors of ln and log;
l-seepage diameter, namely the height (cm) of the sample;
t-elapsed time(s) from reading head measurement to final head measurement;
H1，H2-starting and ending head, H1＝P1/ρg，H2＝P2/ρg，P1Is the reading of the pressure sensor at the beginning, P2Is the pressure sensor reading at termination, ρ is the solution density, g is the acceleration of gravity.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the water bath type temperature control variable water head seepage instrument comprises a variable water head seepage instrument, a sample cylinder, a variable water head pipe, a heating sleeve, a water storage cylinder temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a connecting pipe, a heating rod, a sample temperature sensor, a water bath temperature sensor, a water outlet pipe and a controller, wherein the sample cylinder is positioned in a water bath cavity;
the variable water head pipe, the water storage cylinder and the connecting pipe are sequentially communicated, the connecting pipe is communicated with an inlet of a sample cylinder of the variable water head seepage instrument, and the water outlet pipe is communicated with an outlet of the sample cylinder;
the sample cylinder is positioned in the water bath cavity, a water storage cylinder temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged in the water storage cylinder, a heating rod and a water bath temperature sensor are arranged in the water bath cavity of the variable water head seepage instrument, and a sample temperature sensor is arranged in the sample cylinder;
the heating sleeve is coated on the variable water head pipe, the water storage cylinder and the connecting pipe;
the heating sleeve, the water storage cylinder temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the heating rod, the sample temperature sensor and the water bath temperature sensor are electrically connected through the controller. The test temperature can be set through the controller, the temperature of the soil body and the osmotic solution is controlled, the real-time temperature in the water supply pipe, the water bath cavity and the soil is monitored, and the variable water head test is kept to be carried out in an isothermal state. And real-time data of water pressure and water head height can be obtained, so that the permeability coefficient of the soil body under the isothermal condition can be accurately calculated. Can be used for testing the permeability of the soil at different temperatures.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a water bath type temperature-controlled variable water head seepage instrument;
parts, positions and numbers in the drawings: the water-changing device comprises a water-changing head pipe 1, a heating sleeve 2, a water inlet valve 3, a water storage cylinder 4, a water storage cylinder temperature sensor 5, a pressure sensor 6, a connecting pipe 7, a base 8, a water bath cavity 9, a sample cylinder 10, a heating rod 11, a sample temperature sensor 12, a top cover 13, a water bath temperature sensor 14, a water outlet valve 15 and a water outlet pipe 16.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the water bath type temperature control variable water head seepage instrument comprises a variable water head seepage instrument, a sample cylinder 10 is positioned in a water bath cavity 9, and further comprises a variable water head pipe 1, a heating sleeve 2, a water storage cylinder 4, a water storage cylinder temperature sensor 5, a pressure sensor 6, a connecting pipe 7, a heating rod 11, a sample temperature sensor 12, a water bath temperature sensor 14, a water outlet pipe 16 and a controller;
the water changing head pipe 1, the water storage cylinder 4 and the connecting pipe 7 are sequentially communicated, the connecting pipe 7 is communicated with an inlet of a sample cylinder 10 of the water changing head seepage instrument, and the water outlet pipe 16 is communicated with an outlet of the sample cylinder 10;
the sample cylinder 10 is positioned in the water bath cavity 9, the water storage cylinder 4 is provided with a water storage cylinder temperature sensor 5 and a pressure sensor 6, the water bath cavity 9 of the variable water head seepage instrument is provided with a heating rod 11 and a water bath temperature sensor 14, and the sample cylinder 10 is provided with a sample temperature sensor 12;
the heating sleeve 2 is coated on the variable water head pipe 1, the water storage barrel 4 and the connecting pipe 7;
the heating sleeve 2, the water storage cylinder temperature sensor 5, the pressure sensor 6, the heating rod 11, the sample temperature sensor 12 and the water bath temperature sensor 14 are electrically connected through a controller.
In order to control the on-off of the solution, the invention also comprises a water inlet valve 3, and the water inlet valve 3 is communicated with the water changing head pipe 1.
Similarly, in order to control the on-off of the solution, the device also comprises a water outlet valve 15, and the water outlet valve 15 is communicated with a water outlet pipe 16.
In order to control the water outlet valve 15 and the water inlet valve 3, the water inlet valve 3 and the water outlet valve 15 are both electrically operated valves and are electrically connected with the controller.
The solution used for the variable water head penetration test can be an inorganic solution with stronger pH value, possibly has stronger chemical corrosivity, and the organic glass has better corrosion resistance and higher strength, so the materials of the water storage cylinder 4, the base 8, the wall of the sample cylinder and the top cover 13 are all organic glass.
The measuring device of the invention obtains the real-time height of the water head by arranging the communication relation of the variable water head pipe 1, the water storage cylinder 4, the permeameter and the controller and arranging the pressure sensor 6 in the water storage cylinder 4, and carries out the variable water head permeability test under the isothermal condition by matching with the heating device, thereby measuring the permeability coefficient of the soil body under different temperature conditions and observing the influence of the temperature on the permeability of clay or fine-grained soil with poor permeability.
Considering that the inner diameter of the water head pipe 1 is changed to be smaller, the solution in the pipe is less, and the temperature of the solution is possibly unstable due to air contact, a water storage cylinder 4 with the inner diameter of 30cm and the height of 30cm is arranged in the middle of the connecting pipe 7 so as to reduce the influence of the air contact on the temperature of the solution. And the pressure sensor 6 is arranged at the same height as the bottom of the variable water head pipe 1. Therefore, the water head pressure at the bottom of the water head pipe 1 can be accurately measured.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the heating sleeve 2 is wrapped on the variable water head pipe 1, the connecting pipe 7 and the water storage cylinder 4 and is connected with the controller, and the heating temperature can be set through the controller.
The water storage cylinder temperature sensor 5 is used for monitoring the temperature of the solution during permeation. The solution enters the inside of the permeameter through the inlet at the bottom of the base by the connecting pipe 7, the base 8 is respectively connected with the water bath cavity 9 and the sample cylinder 10 in a sealing way and is provided with a sealing ring to prevent hydraulic connection, and the water bath temperature sensor 14 is used for monitoring the water bath heating temperature.
The heating sleeve 2 wraps the variable water head pipe 1, the water storage barrel 4 and the connecting pipe 7, and heating and heat preservation effects are achieved. The water storage cylinder temperature sensor 5 is arranged in the water storage cylinder 4 to monitor and control the real-time temperature of the solution.
The controller is respectively connected with the heating sleeve 2, the water storage cylinder temperature sensor 5, the heating rod 11, the water bath heating temperature sensor 14 and the sample temperature sensor 12. The test temperature can be set through the controller, the temperature of the soil body and the osmotic solution is controlled, the real-time temperature in the water supply pipe, the water bath cavity and the soil body is monitored, and the variable water head test is kept to be carried out in an isothermal state. And real-time data of water pressure and water head height can be obtained, so that the permeability coefficient of the soil body under the isothermal condition can be accurately calculated.
The method for detecting the permeability coefficient by using the water bath type temperature-controlled variable water head seepage instrument comprises the following steps:
A. filling a sample in the sample cartridge 10;
B. slowly adding the solution to the top of the wall of the sample, and after the water level is stable, adding the solution into the sample cylinder 10 from the variable water head pipe 1 to enable the redundant solution to freely flow out from a water outlet at the upper part of the permeameter;
C. setting the temperature of the heating sleeve and the temperature of the heating rod, and carrying out the next step after the liquid temperatures in the water storage tank and the water bath cavity are stable;
D. opening the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve to make the solution flow out from the water outlet valve, starting timing after the flow is stable, and simultaneously measuring and recording the initial water head H1After time t, the water inlet valve is closed and the end water head H is recorded2And measuring the volume of the solution flowing out;
E. calculating the permeability, measuring
kT-permeability coefficient (cm/s);
a-area of cross section of variable water head pipe (cm)2)；
A-area of sample (cm)2)；
2.3-transform factors of ln and log;
l-seepage diameter, namely the height (cm) of the sample;
t-elapsed time(s) from reading head measurement to final head measurement;
H1，H2-starting and ending head, H1＝P1/ρg，H2＝P2/ρg，P1Is the reading of the pressure sensor at the beginning, P2Is the pressure sensor reading at termination, ρ is the solution density, g is the acceleration of gravity.
Claims (5)
1. Water bath type temperature control variable water head seepage appearance, including variable water head seepage appearance, its characterized in that: the sample cylinder (10) is positioned in the water bath cavity (9), and further comprises a water changing head pipe (1), a heating sleeve (2), a water storage cylinder (4), a water storage cylinder temperature sensor (5), a pressure sensor (6), a connecting pipe (7), a heating rod (11), a sample temperature sensor (12), a water bath temperature sensor (14), a water outlet pipe (16) and a controller;
the water changing head pipe (1), the water storage cylinder (4) and the connecting pipe (7) are sequentially communicated, the connecting pipe (7) is communicated with an inlet of a sample cylinder (10) of the water changing head seepage instrument, and the water outlet pipe (16) is communicated with an outlet of the sample cylinder (10);
the sample cylinder (10) is positioned in the water bath cavity (9), the water storage cylinder (4) is internally provided with a water storage cylinder temperature sensor (5) and a pressure sensor (6), the water bath cavity (9) of the variable water head seepage instrument is internally provided with a heating rod (11) and a water bath temperature sensor (14), and the sample cylinder (10) is internally provided with a sample temperature sensor (12);
the heating sleeve (2) is coated on the variable water head pipe (1), the water storage cylinder (4) and the connecting pipe (7);
the heating sleeve (2), the water storage cylinder temperature sensor (5), the pressure sensor (6), the heating rod (11), the sample temperature sensor (12) and the water bath temperature sensor (14) are electrically connected through a controller.
2. The water bath type temperature-controlled variable water head seepage machine of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the water-saving water heater also comprises a water inlet valve (3), wherein the water inlet valve (3) is communicated with the water changing head pipe (1).
3. The water bath type temperature-controlled variable water head seepage machine of claim 2, wherein: the water outlet device also comprises a water outlet valve (15), and the water outlet valve (15) is communicated with the water outlet pipe (16).
4. The water bath type temperature-controlled variable head rheometer according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the water inlet valve (3) and the water outlet valve (15) are both electrically operated valves and are electrically connected with the controller.
5. The method for detecting the permeability coefficient by using the water bath type temperature-controlled variable head seepage machine as claimed in claim 3, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. filling a sample into the sample cylinder;
B. slowly adding the solution to the top of the wall of the sample, and after the water level is stable, adding the solution into the sample cylinder from the variable water head pipe to enable the redundant solution to freely flow out from a water outlet at the upper part of the permeameter;
C. setting the temperature of the heating sleeve and the temperature of the heating rod, and carrying out the next step after the liquid temperatures in the water storage tank and the water bath cavity are stable;
D. opening the inlet valve and outletThe water valve makes the solution flow out from the water outlet valve, after the flow is stable, the timing is started, and the initial water head H is measured and recorded at the same time1After time t, the water inlet valve is closed and the end water head H is recorded2And measuring the volume of the solution flowing out;
E. calculating the permeability, measuring
kT-permeability coefficient (cm/s);
a-area of cross section of variable water head pipe (cm)2)；
A-area of sample (cm)2)；
2.3-transform factors of ln and log;
l-seepage diameter, namely the height (cm) of the sample;
t-elapsed time(s) from reading head measurement to final head measurement;
H1，H2-starting and ending head, H1＝P1/ρg，H2＝P2/ρg，P1Is the reading of the pressure sensor at the beginning, P2Is the pressure sensor reading at termination, ρ is the solution density, g is the acceleration of gravity.
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| CN202210059837.8A CN114397237A (en) | 2022-01-19 | 2022-01-19 | Water bath type temperature control variable water head seepage instrument and method for testing permeability by using same |
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| CN202210059837.8A CN114397237A (en) | 2022-01-19 | 2022-01-19 | Water bath type temperature control variable water head seepage instrument and method for testing permeability by using same |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115308110A (en) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-11-08 | 河南省地质调查院 | Method and device for measuring permeability coefficient of variable water head |
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