CN114397215A - Rock abrasiveness testing method, device, system, medium, and program product - Google Patents
Rock abrasiveness testing method, device, system, medium, and program product Download PDFInfo
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- CN114397215A CN114397215A CN202210103479.6A CN202210103479A CN114397215A CN 114397215 A CN114397215 A CN 114397215A CN 202210103479 A CN202210103479 A CN 202210103479A CN 114397215 A CN114397215 A CN 114397215A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The application discloses a rock abrasiveness testing method, apparatus, system, medium, and program product. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a plurality of images of the needle point part of the test needle shot from different visual angles, and respectively carrying out image contour fitting on the needle point part in the images to obtain a wear contour, wherein the wear contour is the outer contour of the needle point part of the test needle; determining a line turning point in the wear profile, and measuring a size parameter of the wear profile according to the line turning point; rock abrasiveness parameters are generated from the dimensional parameters. According to the embodiment of the application, the wear end face of the test needle can be rapidly measured, and the rock abrasiveness parameter can be calculated.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of rock abrasiveness testing, and particularly relates to a rock abrasiveness testing method, device, system, storage medium and program product.
Background
In the construction of hard rock tunnel engineering, the loss of a rock breaking tool is an important index of construction economy. In the prior art, rock abrasiveness is determined by measuring a dimensional parameter of a tip of a test needle by moving the test needle while being placed on a rock sample to be tested. The worn test needle can adopt a side-view or overlook method to measure the size parameters of the tip part of the test needle under a microscope, and each size parameter is read manually, so that the reading precision is low, and the measurement efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a rock abrasiveness testing method, a rock abrasiveness testing device, a rock abrasiveness testing system, a storage medium and a program product, and can solve the technical problem that the existing rock abrasiveness testing method is low in efficiency.
In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a rock abrasiveness testing method, including:
acquiring a plurality of images of the needle point part of the test needle shot from different visual angles, and respectively carrying out image contour fitting on the needle point part in the images to obtain a wear contour, wherein the wear contour is the outer contour of the needle point part of the test needle;
determining a line turning point in the wear profile, and measuring a size parameter of the wear profile according to the line turning point;
producing rock abrasiveness parameters based on the dimensional parameters.
In some embodiments, determining line inflection points in the wear profile, measuring a separation distance between the line inflection points, comprises:
setting the connection point of the curve and the straight line in the wear profile and the bending point of the broken line as a line turning point;
the separation distance between the turning points of the lines is measured.
In some embodiments, calculating the rock abrasiveness parameter based on the separation distance corresponding to the front view image and the separation distance corresponding to the side view image comprises:
at least one of a front view image and a back view image of the worn end surface of the needle tip portion is obtained, and at least one of side view images of two opposite sides of the worn end surface of the needle tip portion is obtained;
and respectively carrying out image contour fitting on the needle tip part in the image to obtain a wear contour.
In some embodiments, generating the rock abrasiveness parameter as a function of the size parameter comprises:
and calculating a mean value of the diameter of the circular surface according to the spacing distance corresponding to at least one of the front-view image and the back-view image and the spacing distance corresponding to at least one of the two side-view images, and generating rock abrasiveness parameters according to the mean value of the diameter of the circular surface.
In some embodiments, before acquiring the front and side view images of the tip portion of the test needle, comprises:
controlling the rock sample to be tested and the test needle to move relatively along a first preset direction, so that a needle tip part of the test needle forms a wear end surface extending along the first direction, the first direction is intersected with the first preset direction, and the first preset direction is consistent with an indication direction displayed by an identification mark on the test needle;
at least, obtain one in front view image and the back vision image of experimental needle point portion, at least, obtain one in the side vision image of the relative both sides of experimental needle point portion and include:
taking a front-view image and/or a back-view image of the worn end face along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the test needle and parallel to the indication direction displayed by the identification mark;
and controlling the test needle to rotate by a preset angle, and shooting to obtain a side view image of the worn end face.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a rock abrasiveness testing apparatus, including:
the identification module is used for acquiring a plurality of images of the needle tip part of the test needle shot from different visual angles, and respectively carrying out image contour fitting on the needle tip part in the images to obtain a wear contour, wherein the wear contour is the outer contour of the needle tip part of the test needle;
the measuring module is used for determining a line turning point in the wear profile and measuring the size parameter of the wear profile according to the line turning point;
and the calculation module is used for generating rock abrasiveness parameters according to the size parameters.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a rock abrasiveness index testing system, including: the device comprises a rock friction test device, a test needle wear measurement device, a processor and a memory, wherein computer program instructions are stored in the memory;
the processor, when executing the computer program instructions, implements the rock abrasiveness testing method as described above.
In some embodiments, a rock friction test apparatus comprises:
the first clamping unit is used for clamping the test needle;
the first driving unit is used for driving the rock sample to be tested and the test needle clamped by the first clamping unit to move relatively along a first preset direction so as to enable the test needle to generate a wear end face extending along the first direction, the first direction is intersected with the first preset direction, and the first preset direction is consistent with an indication direction displayed by the identification mark on the test needle;
and the test needle wear measuring device includes:
the second clamping unit is used for clamping the test needle;
the second driving unit is used for driving the second clamping unit to rotate so as to enable the second clamping unit to drive the test needle to rotate;
and the visual acquisition unit and the second clamping unit shoot the worn end face of the test needle exposed out of the second clamping unit along the axial direction perpendicular to the test needle and parallel to the indication direction displayed by the identification mark.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, implement the rock abrasiveness testing method as described above.
In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product comprising computer program instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement a rock abrasiveness testing method as described above.
According to the rock abrasiveness testing method, the rock abrasiveness testing device, the rock abrasiveness testing system, the storage medium and the program product, the abrasion profile is obtained by obtaining the image of the tip of the testing needle and identifying the image, so that rock abrasiveness parameters can be calculated by measuring the abrasion profile, and the abrasion measuring speed of the testing needle is increased; compared with manual measurement, the method has the advantages that the identification accuracy is high by identifying the line turning points in the wear profile, and the calculated rock abrasiveness parameters are higher in accuracy and better in consistency; rock abrasiveness parameters are calculated from images taken in a plurality of directions, thereby improving the accuracy of the rock abrasiveness parameters.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an unworn test needle according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a test pin subjected to rock wear according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a tip portion having a wear surface according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a rock abrasiveness testing method provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an elevational view of a wear surface in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a side view image of a wear surface in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a refinement of a rock abrasiveness testing method provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic front view of a wear surface in another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic side view of a wear surface in another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a rock abrasiveness index testing system provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a test pin wear measurement device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a test pin wear measurement device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 11;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a portion of a wear measuring device for a test pin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a hardware configuration of a rock abrasiveness index testing system provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock abrasiveness testing apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application will be described in detail below, and in order to make objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended to be illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present application by illustrating examples thereof.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as second and third, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the prior art, rock abrasiveness is determined by measuring a dimensional parameter of a tip of a test needle by moving the test needle while being placed on a rock sample to be tested. Referring to fig. 1, the test needle is a rod-shaped test needle, the test needle 20 includes a main body 201 and a tip 202 connected to each other, and before rock abrasiveness testing is performed, the test needle 20 needs to be processed such that the tip 202 of the test needle 20 has a conical tip. Referring to fig. 2, after each rock abrasiveness test, the end of the needle tip 202 remote from the body portion 201 is worn away, so that the needle tip 202 has a worn end surface. The needle tip portion 202 includes a connecting end 202a and a detecting end 202b connected, the connecting end 202a connects the main body portion 201 and the detecting end 202b, and the worn end surface is at least a part of the outer surface of the detecting end 202 b. In the prior art, a side-view or overlook method can be adopted to measure the dimension parameters of the worn end face of the test needle under a microscope, and the measurement value obtained by manual measurement has low precision and low measurement efficiency.
Ideally, the plane of the wear end face is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the test needle 20, and the diameter of the wear end face can be measured directly, from which the degree of wear of the test needle 20 is determined. However, in actual experiments, the plane of the wear end face is usually disposed at an acute angle to the axis of the test needle 20, i.e., the wear end face is an inclined surface. According to the recommended measurement methods of ASTM (2010) and ISRM (2013), when the worn end face is measured, the measured and read numerical values are all the diameters of circular surfaces, the circle centers of which are on the axis of the test needle and are perpendicular to the axis. When the wear end surface is an inclined surface, the diameters of the circular surfaces corresponding to different positions of the wear end surface may be different. Referring to fig. 3, a schematic structural diagram of the needle tip portion in an embodiment is shown, in which point a is the lowest point of the wear end surface, point C is the highest point of the wear end surface, and the highest point and the lowest point are the points of the wear end surface that are farthest from and closest to the main body portion. The surfaces of points a and C are wear surfaces that are disposed obliquely to the axis of test needle 20. The diameter r of the circular surface passing through the point A can be measured1Measuring the diameter r of the circle passing through the C point2The diameter of the circular surface corresponding to the worn end surface is r1And r2Average value of (a).When measured manually, r2The measured value is not directly measured, so that the accuracy of the measured value is not high.
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, embodiments of the present application provide a rock abrasiveness testing method, device, system, storage medium, and program product. The rock abrasiveness testing method provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described first.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic flow chart of a rock abrasiveness testing method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method comprises the following steps:
s100, acquiring a plurality of images of the needle tip part of the test needle shot from different visual angles, and respectively carrying out image contour fitting on the needle tip part in the images to obtain a wear contour, wherein the wear contour is the outer contour of the needle tip part of the test needle;
s200, determining a line turning point in the wear profile, and measuring the size parameter of the wear profile according to the line turning point;
and S300, generating rock abrasiveness parameters according to the size parameters.
The needle point part can be shot from a plurality of directions through the vision acquisition unit to acquire the needle point part of different forms. Alternatively, a front view image, a side view image, and a back view image may be taken with reference to the worn end face so that the needle tip portion is taken from a fixed angle for each test needle, ensuring consistency of test data. In the shooting process, the test needle can be controlled to rotate, and the vision acquisition unit can be controlled to rotate along the circumferential direction of the test needle so as to change the position relation between the worn end face and the vision acquisition unit and shoot the needle tip part from different directions.
In order to ensure that the position relation between the worn end surface of each test needle and the visual acquisition unit during shooting is relatively fixed, identification marks can be arranged on the test needles, the relative movement direction of the test needles and the rock sample is positioned according to the indication direction displayed by the identification marks, and the test needles are positioned in the view finding range of the visual acquisition unit after being axially rotated to a certain position according to the indication direction displayed by the identification marks. In one embodiment, the identification mark is a vertical line, the rock sample and the test needle are relatively displaced in the direction indicated by the vertical line, and the tip of the test needle forms a wear end face. Meanwhile, the visual acquisition unit and the needle tip portion are arranged oppositely along the direction indicated by the vertical line, so that the worn end face is opposite to the visual acquisition unit, and when the worn end face is opposite to the visual acquisition unit, an orthographic image of the worn end face can be shot. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the locating indicia may also be other patterns provided at the end of the test needle or on the circumferential surface of the test needle, such as: a triangular pattern, an arrow pattern, a cross pattern, etc., for positioning the test needles.
The image may also be pre-processed before the image contour fitting is performed. Since the image of the worn needle tip portion is required to be acquired in the application, and the worn needle tip portion is usually attached with worn residues, the image can be preprocessed to remove the residues in the image so as to improve the accuracy of subsequent wear profile identification. The image can also be processed in black and white to reduce the amount of computation for contour fitting of subsequent images. Referring to fig. 5 and 6, fig. 5 is a front view of the tip portion of the test needle, fig. 6 is a side view of the tip portion of the test needle, and the contour of the image is fitted to an outer contour of the tip portion in the two-dimensional image and the outer contour is represented by lines. Specifically, the needle tip portion and the boundary point of the image background can be identified based on color difference, lightness difference and the like, and then adjacent boundary points are connected to form the wear profile. As can be seen from fig. 5, the curve of the tip of the needle tip passing through point C is a portion of the outer circumference of the wear end face. As can be seen from fig. 6, in the wear profile of the needle tip, the line connecting the highest point C and the lowest point a represents the diameter of the wear end surface in a certain direction.
Due to the existence of the wear end face, a plurality of line turning points are formed in the wear profile, and the line turning points can be connection points between curves and straight lines or bending points of broken lines. For example, in fig. 5, points E and F are both line turning points; in fig. 6, points a and C are both line turning points.
The line angle with the line turning point as the vertex and the length of the connecting line between the line turning points can both reflect the size of the worn end face, for example, the length of the line EF in FIG. 5; in fig. 6, the length of the line AC reflects the inclination, chord length, and the like of the wear end surface. The inclination angle, the area, the maximum diameter, the minimum diameter and the like of the wear end face can be further calculated through the axis L of the test needle, the size parameters in the application are any one or more of the inclination angle, the area, the maximum diameter, the minimum diameter and the like of the wear end face, rock abrasiveness parameters can be obtained through calculation or query of one or more size parameters, and the abrasiveness of the rock is represented through the rock abrasiveness parameters.
In the rock abrasiveness testing method, an abrasion profile is obtained by obtaining an image of the tip of a testing needle and identifying the image, so that rock abrasiveness parameters can be calculated by measuring the abrasion profile, and the abrasion measuring speed of the testing needle is increased; compared with manual measurement, the method has the advantages that the identification accuracy is high by identifying the line turning points in the wear profile, and the calculated rock abrasiveness parameters are higher in accuracy and better in consistency; rock abrasiveness parameters are calculated from images taken in a plurality of directions, thereby improving the accuracy of the rock abrasiveness parameters.
As an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 7, the step S200 may include:
s210, setting a connecting point of a curve and a straight line in the wear profile and a bending point of a broken line as a line turning point;
and S220, measuring the spacing distance between the turning points of the lines.
The line between the turning points of the line obtained from different viewing angles can reflect the size of the worn end surface, for example, the line between points E and F in fig. 5, and the line between points a and C in fig. 6 can reflect the chord length of the worn end surface.
As an alternative embodiment, the S100 includes:
s110, at least one of a front view image and a back view image of the worn end surface of the needle tip part is obtained, and at least one of side view images of two opposite sides of the needle tip part is obtained;
and S120, respectively carrying out image contour fitting on the needle tip part in the image to obtain a wear contour.
The front-view image, the back-view image and the side-view image are adopted for recognition, measurement and calculation, and the obtained numerical values are high in consistency and accuracy. Because the test needle is in a symmetrical structure along the axis, the wear profile similarity of the front-view image and the back-view image is high, and the wear profile similarity of the test images at two different angles is high, so that the size parameters of different wear surfaces can be measured from the identified wear profile by adopting at least one of the front-view image and the back-view image or at least one of the two test images. Of course, the front-view image, the back-view image and the two test images can be subjected to contour fitting according to needs, so that the accuracy of the measurement result is improved.
As an alternative embodiment, the step S300 includes:
and S310, calculating a mean value of the diameter of the circular surface according to the spacing distance corresponding to at least one of the front-view image and the back-view image and the spacing distance corresponding to at least one of the two side-view images, and generating rock abrasiveness parameters according to the mean value of the diameter of the circular surface.
That is, a person skilled in the art can calculate the mean value of the diameter of the circular surface by using the spacing distance corresponding to the front-view image and the spacing distance corresponding to the side-view image, and can also calculate the mean value of the diameter of the circular surface by using the spacing distance corresponding to the back-view image and the spacing distance corresponding to the side-view image, and certainly can also calculate the mean value of the diameter of the circular surface by using the front-view image, the back-view image and the two side-view images.
Referring to fig. 8, an orthographic view of the test needle in one embodiment is shown, in which the highest point of the worn end surface is point C and the lowest point is point a, so that in order to accurately represent the degree of wear of the worn end surface, the diameter d of the circular surface where point a is located should be measuredAAnd the diameter d of the circular surface where the point C is locatedCCalculating dAAnd dCThe average value of (a) is a dimension parameter of the worn end face. In FIG. 8, dCShown by the dotted line IJ through point C, dAAnd dCThe straight line length corresponding to the average value of (a) is shown by a broken line L2. Since the position of point A is not easy to be distinguished and identified, dACan not be coveredAccurately measured, and the length of the line between line inflection point E and line inflection point F can be directly measured, the length dEFThe diameter of the circular surface passing through the points E and F, and the diameter of the circular surface closest to d in the diameter of the circular surface capable of being directly measuredAThe numerical value of (c). Thus can be calculated byEFAnd dCThe average value of (A) represents the dimensional parameter of the worn end face, d in FIG. 8EFAnd dCThe straight line length corresponding to the average value of (a) is shown by a broken line L1. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, dEFAnd dCAverage value d ofL1A certain ratio dAAnd dCAverage value d ofL2Is small.
Please refer to fig. 9, which is a side view of the test needle in the embodiment of fig. 8. Since the test needle is symmetrical in its axial direction, according to the geometric relationship of the three views, the straight line IJ in fig. 8 is equal to the straight line BC in fig. 9, and the straight line EF in fig. 8 is equal to the straight line GH in fig. 9 in length. Similarly, in FIG. 9, the highest point of the worn end surface is point C, the lowest point is point A, and d is point ACShown by the dotted line BC passing through point C, dAShown by the dotted line AD passing through point A, dAAnd dCThe straight line length corresponding to the average value of (a) is shown by a broken line L2. The G point in fig. 9 cannot be directly determined, and it is not easy to determine which position the H point in fig. 9 is specifically located in the straight line CD. It is difficult to use a measurement method consistent with that of fig. 8 for fig. 9, and the diameter of the circular surface passing through the same point is obtained, so that a uniform measurement standard cannot be used for images of different viewing angles.
In the prior art, d is measured manuallyEFAnd estimate dCThen calculate dEFAnd dCAverage value dL1(ii) a Manually measuring dADAnd estimate dCThen calculate dADAnd dCAverage value dL2Calculating dL1And dL2The average value of (a) represents the degree of wear of the worn end face. Due to dEFIs less than dASo that d isL1And dL2Is less than dAAnd dCAverage value of dL1And dL2The average value of (a) cannot accurately represent the degree of wear.
Due to the worn end face beingThe relative movement of the rock sample and test needle in the first predetermined direction results so that the wear end face is generally elliptical. As can be seen from measurement, d is found in the front-view image shown in FIG. 8EFIs less than dAAnd dCAverage value of (a). Unlike the front view image, in the side view image shown in fig. 9, the a point and the C point are easily distinguished from the background image, so that the a point and the C point, the line d connecting the a point and the C point, are easily recognizedACGreater than dAAnd dCAverage value of (a). In the application using the front view image, dEFIs less than dAAnd dCAverage value of (d) in side view imageACGreater than dAAnd dCLaw of mean values of (c). In this embodiment, d is directly measured for front-view images and rear-view imagesEFDirect measurement of d for side view imagesACAnd calculate dEFAnd dACTaking the average value as the size parameter of the worn end surface, compared with the d obtained by calculation in the prior artL1And dL2The average value of the diameters of the circular surfaces obtained through calculation in the application shows the abrasion degree of the abrasion end surface more truly. And compared to the estimated dCDirectly measuring the obtained dEFAnd dACThe accuracy is higher.
In one example 1 and example 2, the rock abrasiveness test method provided herein was used to make measurements on both front, back and side views, and in comparative example 1 and 2, the prior art ISRM reading method was used. Please refer to table 1, dAIs 0.5mm, and the angle between the straight line AC and the straight line AD is alpha, dL2Is dA+dCAverage value of 1/2dCIs r1，1/2dAIs r2In the measurement values of the example 1 and the comparative example 1, the average value is the average value of the measurement values of the front-view image, the back-view image and the two side-view images, the error is the absolute value of the difference between the average value and the true value, and the true value is the average value of the diameters of the circular surfaces corresponding to the highest point and the lowest point. Some of the values can be calculated by the following formula:
dGH＝2r2(1-tanα)
table 1 table for comparing measured values of example 1 and comparative example 1 of the present application
As can be seen from table 1, as the inclination angle α becomes larger, the error values of the two readings are increased, and the error value of the rock abrasiveness testing method provided by the present application is significantly smaller than that of the ISRM reading method, which proves that the rock abrasiveness testing method provided by the present application obtains the size parameter closer to the true value.
Please refer to table 2, dL2Is dA+dCAverage value of dL20.5mm, and the angle between the line AC and the line AD is alpha, 1/2dCIs r1，1/2dAIs r2In the meantime, the measured values of example 2 and comparative example 2, where the mean value is the mean value of the measured values of the front view image, the back view image and the two side view images, the error is the absolute value of the difference between the mean value and the true value, the true value is the mean value portion of the diameter of the circular surface corresponding to the highest point and the lowest point, and the fractional value can be calculated by the following formula:
dGH＝0.5(1+tanα)(1-tanα)
table 2 comparison table of measured values of example 2 and comparative example 2 of the present application
As can be seen from table 2, as the inclination angle gradually increases, the error values of the two reading methods increase, and the error value of the rock abrasiveness testing method provided by the present application is significantly smaller than the error value of the ISRM reading method, which proves that the size parameter obtained by the rock abrasiveness testing method provided by the present application is closer to the true value.
As an alternative embodiment, the foregoing S100 includes:
controlling the rock sample to be tested and the test needle to move relatively along a first preset direction, so that a needle tip part of the test needle forms a wear end surface extending along the first direction, the first direction is intersected with the first preset direction, and the first preset direction is consistent with an indication direction displayed by an identification mark on the test needle;
s110 includes:
taking a front-view image and/or a back-view image of the worn end face along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the test needle and parallel to the indication direction displayed by the identification mark;
and controlling the test needle to rotate by a preset angle, and shooting to obtain a side view image of the worn end face.
After the front-view image of the worn end face is obtained through shooting, the test needle rotates 90 degrees, and a side-view image of the worn end face can be obtained through collection of the vision collection unit; after the test needle rotates 90 degrees again, the visual acquisition unit can acquire a back-view image of the worn end face, and so on. Through setting up the identification mark to the instruction direction wear test needle that the reference identification mark shows, shoot the needle point portion, guarantee to the high uniformity of different test needle measurement process.
As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the visual acquisition unit in the application can acquire not only the wear condition image of the worn test needle, but also the taper angle image of the unworn test needle to judge whether the test needle which is not worn by the rock sample meets the preset test condition or not so as to determine that the test needle can be subjected to subsequent wear operation.
As an alternative embodiment, before the step of controlling the rock sample to be tested and the test needle to perform relative movement along the first preset direction so that the needle tip part of the test needle forms a wear end surface extending along the first direction, the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring an image of the needle tip part of the test needle, and respectively carrying out image contour fitting on the needle tip part in the image to obtain a needle tip contour;
determining whether the taper angle and the initial abrasion loss of the needle point accord with preset conditions or not according to the needle point profile;
if yes, executing: controlling the rock sample to be tested and the test needle to move relatively along a first preset direction, so that the needle tip part of the test needle forms a wear end surface extending along the first direction;
if not, generating prompt information.
When the angle of the pointed cone is larger than 90 degrees, more worn debris can be accumulated at the needle tip part of the worn test needle, so that the subsequent measurement is not facilitated; when the angle of the pointed cone is less than 90 degrees, the material available for abrasion at the needle tip part is reduced, and the subsequent measurement is also not facilitated. The angle deviation can be less than or equal to 0.5 degrees by combining the processing technology of the existing test needle. Optionally, when the needle point taper angle is within a preset range, determining that the needle point taper angle meets a preset condition, wherein the preset range is 89.5-90.5 °.
The CAI value corresponding to the extreme abrasiveness according to the International Society of Rock Mechanics (ISRM) classification standard is 5.0 as a reference, when the wear surface corresponds to a disc diameter of 0.5mm, which can characterize the amount of wear at the tip of the needle. Under the condition that the taper angle of the needle point is within the preset range, the theoretical change of the abrasion loss of the needle point part is less than or equal to 0.005mm, and the influence on CAI grading is small. Therefore, when the initial abrasion loss of the test needle is less than or equal to 0.01mm, the initial abrasion loss is determined to meet the preset condition.
Please refer to fig. 10, fig. 11 and fig. 12 in combination. The rock abrasiveness testing method provided by the application can be applied to a rock abrasiveness index testing system, the rock abrasiveness index testing system comprises a testing needle wear measuring device 10 and a rock friction testing device 30, the rock friction testing device 30 comprises a first clamping unit 301 and a first driving unit 302, and the first clamping unit 301 is used for clamping a testing needle; the first driving unit 302 is used for driving the rock sample to be tested and the test needle clamped by the first clamping unit 301 to move relatively along a first preset direction, so that the test needle generates a wear end face extending along the first direction; the test needle wear measuring device 10 comprises a second clamping unit 1, a vision acquisition unit 2 and a second driving unit 3, wherein the second clamping unit 1 is used for clamping a test needle; the second driving unit 3 is used for driving the second clamping unit 1 to rotate so that the second clamping unit 1 drives the test needle to rotate; the visual acquisition unit 2 and the second clamping unit 1 are oppositely arranged along a second reverse direction, and the visual acquisition unit 2 and the second clamping unit 1 shoot the worn end face of the test needle exposed out of the second clamping unit 1 along the axial direction perpendicular to the test needle and parallel to the indication direction displayed by the identification mark.
The vision acquisition unit 2 and the needle point portion are arranged oppositely along the Y axis, the second clamping unit clamps the test needle along the X axis, the X axis is in the horizontal direction, the Y axis is in the vertical direction, and the X axis and the Y axis are arranged vertically. The vision collecting unit 2 includes a light source 21 and an optical module 22, and the light source 21 and the optical module 22 are respectively disposed at opposite sides of the needle tip portion along the Y-axis. The light source 21 provides a light quantity to illuminate the needle tip portion exposed from the second holding unit 1 to facilitate the photographing of the needle tip portion by the optical module 22. The light source 21 may be a collimated light source and the optical module 22 may be a camera with a telecentric lens to obtain a high accuracy image.
After the tip portion of the needle is worn, the worn end surface may take various irregular shapes, which makes the measurement of the worn end surface difficult. The second grip unit 1 may be driven to rotate by the second driving unit 3 so that the test needle may rotate along the X-axis to photograph the tip portion having the worn end surface from a plurality of angles. In one embodiment, 4 shooting angles are set, and are arranged in pairs, one is used for viewing the front worn end face, the other is used for viewing the back worn end face, and the two are used for viewing the side worn end face respectively.
Referring to fig. 13 and 14, the test needle wear measuring device 10 further includes a housing 4 and a positioning mark 5 disposed on the housing 4, the second clamping unit 1 and the second driving unit 3 are accommodated in the housing 4, the housing 4 has a first insertion hole 41 corresponding to the second clamping unit 1, the positioning mark 5 is disposed around the first insertion hole 41, and the positioning mark 5 is used for corresponding to the identification mark 203 on the main body portion of the test needle.
When the test needle is used for carrying out rock abrasiveness tests, the test needle needs to move on a rock sample along a certain direction, so that a wear end face generated on the test needle has a certain inclined direction. In order to ensure that the angle of the test needle inserted into the housing 4 each time is fixed, the worn end face is oriented in a fixed direction. The identification mark 203 can be arranged on the end surface of the main body part far from the needle tip part, and when the identification mark 203 corresponds to the positioning mark 5, the angle of the test needle inserted into the accommodating cavity 121 is correct. In the embodiment shown in fig. 14, the identification mark 203 is a vertical line, the positioning mark 5 is a plurality of vertical lines extending along the diameter direction of the first insertion hole 41, and the identification mark 203 and the positioning mark 5 are in the same straight line, which indicates that the worn end surface generated on the test needle faces the visual acquisition unit 2. Of course, the identification mark 203 and the positioning mark 5 may be in other forms.
Fig. 15 shows a hardware structure diagram of a rock abrasiveness index testing system provided by an embodiment of the application.
The rock abrasiveness index testing system may include a processor 1001 and a memory 1002 having computer program instructions stored therein. The processor 1001 is in communication with the rock friction test device 30 and the test pin wear measurement device 10 respectively.
Specifically, the processor 1001 may include a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or may be configured to implement one or more Integrated circuits of the embodiments of the present Application.
The memory may include Read Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), magnetic disk storage media devices, optical storage media devices, flash memory devices, electrical, optical, or other physical/tangible memory storage devices. Thus, in general, the memory includes one or more tangible (non-transitory) computer-readable storage media (e.g., memory devices) encoded with software comprising computer-executable instructions and when the software is executed (e.g., by one or more processors), it is operable to perform operations described with reference to the methods according to an aspect of the present disclosure.
The processor 1001 realizes any one of the rock abrasiveness testing methods in the above embodiments by reading and executing computer program instructions stored in the memory 1002.
In one example, the rock abrasiveness index testing system may also include a communication interface 1003 and a bus 1010. The processor 1001, the memory 1002, and the communication interface 1003 are connected to each other via the bus 1010 to complete communication therebetween.
The communication interface 1003 is mainly used for implementing communication between modules, apparatuses, units and/or devices in this embodiment.
The bus 1010 includes hardware, software, or both that couple the components of the rock abrasiveness index testing system to one another. By way of example, and not limitation, a bus may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a Front Side Bus (FSB), a Hypertransport (HT) interconnect, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an infiniband interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, a video electronics standards association local (VLB) bus, or other suitable bus or a combination of two or more of these. Bus 1010 may include one or more buses, where appropriate. Although specific buses are described and shown in the embodiments of the application, any suitable buses or interconnects are contemplated by the application.
The rock abrasiveness index testing system can be based on the above embodiment, so as to realize the rock abrasiveness testing method and the rock abrasiveness testing device.
In addition, in combination with the rock abrasiveness testing method in the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by providing a computer storage medium. The computer storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon; the computer program instructions, when executed by the processor, implement any one of the rock abrasiveness testing methods in the above embodiments, and achieve the same technical effects, and are not described herein again to avoid repetition. The computer-readable storage medium may include a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, such as a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like, which is not limited herein.
Based on the rock abrasiveness testing method provided by the above embodiment, correspondingly, the application also provides a concrete implementation manner of the rock abrasiveness testing device. Please see the examples below.
Referring first to fig. 16, an embodiment of the present application provides a rock abrasiveness testing apparatus 900 including:
the identification module 901 is used for acquiring a plurality of images of the needle tip part of the test needle shot from different visual angles, and respectively performing image contour fitting on the needle tip part in the images to obtain a wear contour, wherein the wear contour is an outer contour of the needle tip part of the test needle;
a measuring module 902, configured to determine turning points of lines in the wear profile, and measure a distance between the turning points of the lines;
a calculation module 903 for generating rock abrasiveness parameters from the separation distance
As an implementation manner of the present application, the measurement module 902 includes:
the connecting unit is used for setting the connecting point of the curve and the straight line in the wear profile and the bending point of the broken line as a line turning point;
and the measuring unit is used for measuring the spacing distance between the turning points of the lines.
As an implementation manner of the present application, the identification module 901 includes:
the acquisition unit is used for at least acquiring one of a front view image and a back view image of the worn end surface of the needle tip part and at least acquiring one of side view images of two opposite sides of the worn end surface of the needle tip part;
and the fitting unit is used for respectively fitting the image contour of the needle tip part in the image to obtain the wear contour.
As an implementation manner of the present application, the calculating module 903 includes:
and calculating a mean value of the diameter of the circular surface according to the spacing distance corresponding to at least one of the front-view image and the back-view image and the spacing distance corresponding to at least one of the two side-view images, and generating rock abrasiveness parameters according to the mean value of the diameter of the circular surface.
As an implementation of the present application, the rock abrasiveness testing apparatus 900 further includes:
the abrasion module is used for controlling the rock sample to be tested and the test needle to move relatively along a first preset direction, so that the needle tip part of the test needle forms an abrasion end face extending along the first direction, the first direction is intersected with the first preset direction, and the first preset direction is consistent with the indication direction displayed by the identification mark on the test needle;
the acquisition unit is also used for shooting a front view image and/or a back view image of the worn end face along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the test needle and parallel to the indication direction displayed by the identification mark;
and controlling the test needle to rotate by a preset angle, and shooting to obtain a side view image of the worn end face.
The rock abrasiveness testing device provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize the steps in the method embodiment, and in order to avoid repetition, the description is omitted.
In addition, the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the steps and the corresponding contents of the foregoing method embodiments can be implemented.
It is to be understood that the present application is not limited to the particular arrangements and instrumentality described above and shown in the attached drawings. A detailed description of known methods is omitted herein for the sake of brevity. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and shown as examples. However, the method processes of the present application are not limited to the specific steps described and illustrated, and those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, and additions or change the order between the steps after comprehending the spirit of the present application.
The functional blocks shown in the above structural block diagrams may be implemented as hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, it may be, for example, an electronic circuit, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), suitable firmware, plug-in, function card, or the like. When implemented in software, the elements of the present application are the programs or code segments used to perform the required tasks. The program or code segments may be stored in a machine-readable medium or transmitted by a data signal carried in a carrier wave over a transmission medium or a communication link. A "machine-readable medium" may include any medium that can store or transfer information. Examples of a machine-readable medium include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, Erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, fiber optic media, Radio Frequency (RF) links, and so forth. The code segments may be downloaded via computer networks such as the internet, intranet, etc.
It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this application describe some methods or systems based on a series of steps or devices. However, the present application is not limited to the order of the above-described steps, that is, the steps may be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, may be performed in an order different from the order in the embodiments, or may be performed simultaneously.
Aspects of the present disclosure are described above with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, enable the implementation of the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. Such a processor may be, but is not limited to, a general purpose processor, a special purpose processor, an application specific processor, or a field programmable logic circuit. It will also be understood that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware for performing the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, modules and units described above may refer to corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again. It should be understood that the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and these modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method of testing abrasiveness of a rock, the method comprising:
acquiring a plurality of images of the needle point part of the test needle shot from different visual angles, and respectively carrying out image contour fitting on the needle point part in the images to obtain a wear contour, wherein the wear contour is the outer contour of the needle point part of the test needle;
determining a line turning point in the wear profile, and measuring a size parameter of the wear profile according to the line turning point;
generating a rock abrasiveness parameter from the size parameter.
2. A rock abrasiveness testing method according to claim 1, wherein said determining a line break point in said wear profile, and measuring a dimensional parameter of said wear profile from said line break point comprises:
setting the connection point of the curve and the straight line in the wear profile and the bending point of the broken line as a line turning point;
and measuring the spacing distance between the turning points of the lines.
3. The rock abrasiveness testing method according to claim 2, wherein said obtaining a plurality of images of the test needle tip taken from different perspectives, and performing image contour fitting on the tip portion in said images to obtain a wear profile comprises:
at least one of a front view image and a back view image of the worn end surface of the needle tip portion is obtained, and at least one of side view images of two opposite sides of the worn end surface of the needle tip portion is obtained;
and respectively carrying out image contour fitting on the needle tip parts in the images to obtain the wear contours.
4. The rock abrasiveness testing method according to claim 3, wherein said generating rock abrasiveness parameters from said dimensional parameters comprises:
calculating a mean circle diameter value according to the spacing distance corresponding to at least one of the front-view image and the back-view image and the spacing distance corresponding to at least one of the two side-view images, and generating the rock abrasiveness parameter according to the mean circle diameter value.
5. A rock abrasiveness testing method according to claim 3, wherein said obtaining front and side images of the tip of the test needle comprises:
controlling the rock sample to be tested and the test needle to move relatively along a first preset direction, so that a needle tip part of the test needle forms a wear end surface extending along the first direction, the first direction is intersected with the first preset direction, and the first preset direction is consistent with an indication direction displayed by an identification mark on the test needle;
at least, obtain one in front view image and the back vision image of experimental needle point portion, at least, obtain one in the side vision image of the relative both sides of experimental needle point portion and include:
shooting a front-view image and/or a back-view image of the worn end face along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the test needle and parallel to the indication direction displayed by the identification mark;
and controlling the test needle to rotate by a preset angle, and shooting to obtain a side view image of the worn end face.
6. A rock abrasiveness testing apparatus, comprising:
the identification module is used for acquiring a plurality of images of the needle tip part of the test needle shot from different visual angles, and respectively carrying out image contour fitting on the needle tip part in the images to obtain a wear contour, wherein the wear contour is the outer contour of the needle tip part of the test needle;
the measuring module is used for determining a line turning point in the wear profile and measuring the size parameter of the wear profile according to the line turning point;
and the calculation module is used for generating rock abrasiveness parameters according to the size parameters.
7. A rock abrasiveness index testing system, characterized in that the rock abrasiveness index testing system comprises: the device comprises a rock friction test device, a test needle wear measuring device, a processor and a memory, wherein computer program instructions are stored in the memory, and the processor is respectively in communication connection with the rock friction test device and the test needle wear measuring device;
the processor, when executing the computer program instructions, implements the rock abrasiveness testing method of any one of claims 1-5.
8. The rock abrasiveness index testing system according to claim 7, wherein said rock friction testing apparatus comprises:
the first clamping unit is used for clamping the test needle;
the first driving unit is used for driving the rock sample to be tested and the test needle clamped by the first clamping unit to move relatively along a first preset direction so as to enable the test needle to generate a wear end face extending along the first direction, the first direction is intersected with the first preset direction, and the first preset direction is consistent with an indication direction displayed by the identification mark on the test needle;
and the test needle wear measuring device includes:
the second clamping unit is used for clamping the test needle;
the second driving unit is used for driving the second clamping unit to rotate so as to enable the second clamping unit to drive the test needle to rotate;
and the visual acquisition unit and the second clamping unit shoot the worn end face of the test needle exposed out of the second clamping unit along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the test needle and parallel to the indication direction displayed by the identification mark.
9. A computer storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon which, when executed by a processor, implement the rock abrasiveness testing method of any one of claims 1-5.
10. A computer program product, characterized in that the computer program product comprises computer program instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the rock abrasiveness testing method of any one of claims 1-5.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114509363A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-17 | 北京工业大学 | Testing needle wear measuring device and rock abrasiveness index testing system |
| CN117471392A (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-01-30 | 矽电半导体设备(深圳)股份有限公司 | Method and system for detecting probe tip, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114509363A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-17 | 北京工业大学 | Testing needle wear measuring device and rock abrasiveness index testing system |
| CN114509363B (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2024-01-12 | 北京工业大学 | Test needle abrasion measuring device and rock abrasion index test system |
| CN117471392A (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-01-30 | 矽电半导体设备(深圳)股份有限公司 | Method and system for detecting probe tip, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN117471392B (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-03-29 | 矽电半导体设备(深圳)股份有限公司 | Method and system for detecting probe tip, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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