201017091 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係為-種鑽頭影像量測裝置及方法，尤其是關 於-種利用影像拍攝操取鑽頭之外觀，並判讀所操取之影 像而取得該鑽頭的各項外觀參數的量測裝置及方法。 【先前技術】 鑽頭是機械製造工業非常重要的技術工具，鑽頭的性 罾能與品質的優劣對於切削加工的精度、效率和品質都有直 接而嚴重的影響，-把鑽頭的好壞，其幾何形狀設計與尺 寸精度，都有很重要的影響，良好的鑽頭對於加工製成有 著如虎添翼的功效。 為了更瞭解鑽頭設計完成後的精確外觀而能於後續加 工研磨4製程獲得精確的控制’ Hazra等人遂於2002年 發表一種檢測方法，利用3支CCD來獲得鑽頭側面的輪 廓，並預測描述鑽頭幾何外觀的5個參數，藉此來檢測重 ❹新研磨的鑽頭。（Hazra，Inspection of Reground Drill Point Geometry Using Silhouette Image, J. Mater.201017091 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a drill bit image measuring device and method, and more particularly to the use of image capture to take the appearance of a drill bit and obtain an image obtained by reading A measuring device and method for various appearance parameters of the drill bit. [Prior Art] Drill bit is a very important technical tool in the mechanical manufacturing industry. The quality and quality of the drill bit have a direct and serious impact on the precision, efficiency and quality of the cutting process. Shape design and dimensional accuracy have a very important impact, and a good drill bit has a powerful effect on the processing. In order to better understand the precise appearance of the drill bit design, it can obtain precise control in the subsequent machining and grinding process. Hazra et al. published a test method in 2002, using 3 CCDs to obtain the profile of the side of the drill bit and predicting the description of the drill bit. The five parameters of the geometric appearance are used to detect the newly ground drill bit. (Hazra, Inspection of Reground Drill Point Geometry Using Silhouette Image, J. Mater.
Process Tech.，Vol.127, 2002) ° 然而’ Hazra所提出的方法必須使用3個CCD才可完 成量測’而且不具備自動化的量測流程，量測方法過於複 雜且其耗費的製造成本偏高。 【發明内容】 4 201017091 為了解決前述鑽頭參數測量方法需要高成本的製造設 備及不具備自動化的㈣，本發明係利用單—影像揭取裝 置配。4何&型建立等技術，在取得鑽頭的影像後，進行 一系列的影像處理而形成二元黑白影像，並使用該二元黑 白影像進行影像角度校正及運算鑽頭的外形參數，以期達 到精確取得鑽頭的外形參數之目的。 本發明提供一種鑽頭尺寸參數之象量測裝置及方 法，其中： 該鑽頭尺寸參數之影像量測裝置包含： -控制裝置，其為具有影像運算處理能力且具有人機 控制介面的裝置； 一多轴向移動平台； 一夾制裝置，其包含： -祠服馬達’其與該控制裝置電性連接，並接受該 控制裝置之控制而轉動其一轉動軸，且其可沿著第一方向 滑移設於該多軸向移動平台表面；以及 ° 一夾頭’其固定設於㈣服馬達的轉動軸以失制一 待測鑽頭；以及 一影像擷取裝置，其與該控制裝置電性連接，其滑彩 設於該多軸向移動平台表面，且其接受該控制裝置：二 擷取該待測鑽頭之影像，並將擷取之影像 m评送至該控制裝 置； 其中該控制裝置將擷取之影像進行二值化轉換後，依 據該二值化影像之一輪廓進行該待測鑽 π J I役、錢頂角 201017091 以及螺旋角度的量測。 其中， 該多轴向移動平台包含： 一第一轴向軌道； 4亨 . ± 一第二軸向軌道，其固定跨設於該第〆軸〃其軸 局部表面，其局部與該第—軸向軌道維持一間距，多/ 向與該第一軸向軌道之軸向成垂直；以及 βφ 一第三軸向軌道，其局部可滑動套設於該第/ 由 軌道，其軸向與該第一轴向軌道以及該第二袖向挪 向均呈垂直； 2 該影像彌取裝置可滑動套設於該第三軸尚軌道 一影像擷取端朝該第一軸向軌道；以及 該央制裝置可滑動套設於第一軸向軌道。 其中，該夹制裝置包含： 一台車’其可滑動套設於該第一軸向軌道；以及 一白光背光板模組’其為可發出白色面光源且呈平板 狀’其固定設於該台車局部表面； 其中，該伺服馬達固定設於該台車表面，且其轉動轴 以及該央頭則置於該白光背光板模組之對應位置。 本發明提供一種鑽頭尺寸參數之影像量測方法， 酿舍A . 再步 取得待測鑽頭的灰階影像，以—數位攝影裝置一 待測鑽頭之長度方向而形成一灰階影像，· 執行二元化轉換，對該灰階影像進行二元化影像轉 201017091 以取得該待測鑽頭的 換’使該灰階影像形成一黑白影像 外廓影像；以及 量測待測鑽頭尺寸參數， 之直徑、鑽頂角以及螺旋角。 I測該待測鑽頭之外廓影像 其中，該鑽頭尺寸參數之影像量測方法其進一步包人 影像校正步驟，係對該黑白影像中之待測鑽頭之外廊= 進仃角度座標轉換而與一預設座標系統之一軸向呈平行。Process Tech., Vol.127, 2002) ° However, 'Hazra's method must use three CCDs to complete the measurement' and does not have an automated measurement process. The measurement method is too complicated and the cost of manufacturing is too high. high. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 4 201017091 In order to solve the above-described method of measuring the bit parameter, which requires a high-cost manufacturing device and does not have automation (4), the present invention utilizes a single-image pickup device. 4 Ho & type establishment technology, after obtaining the image of the drill bit, performing a series of image processing to form a binary black and white image, and using the binary black and white image to perform image angle correction and calculate the shape parameters of the drill bit, in order to achieve precision Obtain the shape parameters of the drill bit. The invention provides an image measuring device and method for a bit size parameter, wherein: the image measuring device of the bit size parameter comprises: - a control device, which is a device having image processing processing capability and having a human-machine control interface; An axially moving platform; a clamping device comprising: - a servo motor 'which is electrically connected to the control device and is controlled by the control device to rotate a rotating shaft thereof, and is slidable along the first direction Shifting on the surface of the multi-axial moving platform; and a chuck 'fixed to the rotating shaft of the (four) motor to lose a drill bit to be tested; and an image capturing device electrically connected to the control device The sliding color is disposed on the surface of the multi-axial moving platform, and the receiving device controls the image of the drill bit to be tested, and the captured image m is evaluated to the control device; wherein the control device is After the image is binarized, the measurement of the π JI servant, the zenith angle 201017091, and the helix angle are performed according to a contour of the binarized image. Wherein, the multi-axial moving platform comprises: a first axial track; 4 hen. a second axial track fixedly spanned over a partial surface of the axis of the second axis, the portion thereof and the first axis Maintaining a spacing to the track, the multi/direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first axial track; and βφ a third axial track partially slidably sleeved on the //or track, the axial direction thereof An axial track and the second sleeve are perpendicular to each other; 2 the image capturing device is slidably sleeved on the third axis and the image capturing end toward the first axial track; and the central system The device is slidably sleeved on the first axial track. Wherein, the clamping device comprises: a vehicle slidably sleeved on the first axial track; and a white light backlight module s which is capable of emitting a white surface light source and having a flat shape, which is fixedly disposed on the trolley a partial surface; wherein the servo motor is fixedly disposed on the surface of the trolley, and the rotating shaft and the central head are disposed at corresponding positions of the white backlight module. The invention provides an image measuring method for the size parameter of the drill bit, and the gray scale image of the drill bit to be tested is obtained again, and a gray scale image is formed by the length direction of the drill bit to be measured by the digital camera device. Meta-conversion, binary image conversion of the gray-scale image to 201017091 to obtain the change of the drill bit to be 'formed to form a black-and-white image profile image; and measuring the size parameter of the bit to be tested, the diameter, Drill angle and helix angle. I measuring the outer contour image of the drill to be tested, wherein the image measuring method of the drill size parameter further includes a human image correcting step, which is performed by converting the outer diameter of the drill bit to be tested in the black and white image One of the preset coordinate systems is axially parallel.
藉此’本發明可透過該影像揭取裝置而取得夾：於， 夾制裝置的待測鑽頭之影像，並進行該灰階化轉換、二^ =轉換之後’強化並取得該待測鑽頭的外廓，並且透㈣ 虽的影像校正’將取得的待測鑽頭之外廓影像執行角度轉 換後’得以自動化地精確計算該待測鑽頭的外觀尺寸。 【實施方式】 測參考第一圖’其為本發明之鑽頭尺寸參數之影像量 _ '、之較佳實施例’其包含一控制裝置(10)、一多軸向 移動平台（2G)、—影像操取裝置_以及-夾制裝置（4〇)。 =控制裝置⑽為具有影像處理運算能力且具有人機 一：介面的裝置，例如一個人電腦或為一控制器，可執行 置2尺寸參數之影像量測方法，本較佳實施例之控制裝 -係4冑人電腦’其包含相互電性連接之一主機、 心器以及一輸入介面’其中，該主機設有與其他電控 例如CCD、CMOS、m)連接之電氣㈣ 跑出入介面。 201017091 該多軸向移動平台（20)其為一三軸移動平台，包含一 第一軸向軌道（22)、一第二軸向軌道（24)以及一第三軸向 軌道（26) ’其中’該第一、第二以及第三轴向軌道（22、24、 26)分別互成垂直。本較佳實施例之第二轴向軌道（24)之轴 向與該第一軸向軌道（22)之軸向垂直，且第二軸向軌道（24) 固定跨設於該第一軸向軌道（24)之局部表面並與該第一軸 向軌道（22)維持一間距’該第三軸向軌道（26)局部可滑動 套設於該第二軸向軌道（24)，其軸向與該第一軸向軌道（22) 以及該第二軸向軌道（24)均呈垂直。 該影像擷取裝置（30)與該控制裝置（10)電性連接，可 滑動套設於該第三軸向軌道（26)，其接受該控制裝置（1〇) 之控制而進行影像擷取並將擷取結果持續傳送予該控制裝 置（10)。本較佳實施例之該影像擷取裝置（3〇)包含一數位 攝影機（CCD)(32)以及一套設於該數位攝影機（32)之影像擷 取端的鏡頭（34)，其中’該數位攝影機（32)之影像擷取端 朝向該第一軸向執道（22)。 該夾制裝置（40)包含一台車（42)、一伺服馬達（44)、一 夾頭（46)以及一白光背光板模組（48)。 該台車（42)可滑動套設於該第一軸向軌道（22)。 該伺服馬達（44)固定於該台車（42)之表面，與該控制 裝置（10)電性連接，並接受該控制裝置（1〇)之驅動而轉動 其一轉動軸，其中’該伺服馬達（44)之轉動軸之軸向與該 第一軸向軌道（22)形成平行。 該夹頭（46)可夹制鐵頭’其固定設於該伺服馬達（44) 201017091 之轉動軸而可隨該轉動軸轉動。 該白光背光板模組（48)為可發出白色面光源且形成平 板狀的背光板，其固定設於該台車（42)表面於該夾頭（46) 自由端的對應位置。 使用時’先將一待測鑽頭（5〇)夾制於該夾頭（46)上， 之後’使該控制裝置（1 〇)執行該精密鑽頭影像量測方法， 該控制裝置（10)開始控制該影像擷取裝置（3〇)以及該伺服 馬達（44)，擁取該待測鑽頭（5〇)的各側外觀影像，而該白 參光背光板模組（48)則提供白光背景，讓該控制裝置（1〇)的 待測鑽頭（50)操取結果更顯清晰，該控制裝置（1 〇)則將該 擷取結果先進行影像處理以及角度矯正之後，經分析計算 而獲得該待測鑽頭（5〇)的螺旋角度、外徑尺寸以及鑽頂角 參數’提供加工機修正鑽頭研磨參數之依據。 請參考第二圖，該鑽頭尺寸參數之影像量測方法的步 驟包含：取得待測鑽頭的灰階影像（71)、執行二元化轉換 ❹（73)、影像校正（74)以及量測待測鑽頭尺寸參數（75)。 該取得待測鑽頭的灰階影像（71)步驟中，係為該控制 裝置（1 〇)驅動該影像擷取裝置（30)拍攝該待測鑽頭（5〇)的各 個角度影像；由於該影像擷取裝置（3〇)所擷取的影像可能 為彩色影像或為灰階影像，而彩色影像對於分析計算該待 測鑽頭（50)之各種尺寸及角度關係較無幫助，因此，可將 該影像擷取裝置（30)之擷取彩色影像先進行灰階化處理， 而為灰階之影像，若當該影像擷取裝置（3〇)之輸出已為灰 階影像擷取裝置時，則灰階化轉換程序則可免除。執行二 201017091 兀化轉換（73)步驟中，係將該灰階影像經過二元化處理， 而形成僅具有黑或白之二元化影像。影像之二元化處理， 亦可稱為二化（thresho丨ding)處理或臨界值處理，是影 像分割中最重要的方法之…影像進行分析前第—步是進 行影像分割’主要是將—張影像中的像素點分成兩個族 群’以灰階臨界值來區分目標物與背景，以達_像分割 ❹ 依據灰階影像之灰階數值的直方圖中，選取一灰階臨 界值r。，以可明顯區辨目標物（即鑽頭）與背景，並以該灰 階臨界A基準，將影像二化，影像中像素之灰階大 於臨界值者’則該點之灰階冑義為255,反之灰階小 於臨界值者，則灰階值定義為〇，苴 g(X,y)J255 ^ > Τΰ ,、了以下列公式表示ί- ίΟ 矿 /(^) £ 如前所述，二元化轉換的方式可以為單—間值運算， φ 階影像要轉為二元（黑白）數位影像。其作法為在原 。影像中設定灰階值Γ。（閥值），依照每個像素的灰階值大 小（大於或小^)，將該像素轉換為黑色或白&，當灰階值 表示顏色偏白’則像素轉換為白色（灰階值為255)， :灰階值…表示顏色偏黑，則像素轉換為黑色(灰階 上經過二元化轉換處理的待測鑽頭(5〇)外廟影像， 之外貧na 4⑦化轉換後並重新描繪該該待測鑽頭(50) P圖’其中，該待測鐵 ()之螺旋角度（α )、直徑（D) 以及鑽頂角（Τ)參數則如圖中標示。 ) 景> 像校正（74)步驟φ , 騍中，由於該待測鑽頭（5〇)係以人為 201017091 方式夾制於該夾頭（46)上，由於人為的挾持造成該待測鑽 頭（50)之軸心與該伺服馬達（44)之轉動轴的軸心產生偏心 現象，而此偏心現象會造成該待測鑽頭在影像量測、計算 上的誤差，因此在計算該待測鑽頭（5〇)之尺寸參數與鑽頂 角參數之前，於本步驟進行影像之角度校正，以調整影像 中之待測鑽頭（50)角度，以增進影像量測的準確性。其中， 校正影像中之該待測鑽頭（5〇)可如下列公式以及第四圖、 第五圖所示。 ❹ 办=办cos 0 + (办’-；；).sin 0 ~ -Ax'- sin θ + (Ay'~y). cos Θ y = 〇y'-Oy Ί帛四圖之〇、A⑨標分別表示並未產生偏心現 象的待測_(5〇)之根部以及端頭之座標而〇,以及A，則 2表已經產生偏心現象的待測鑽頭(50)之根部及端頭座 示，因此，第四圖以及第五圖之： β為影像中之為待測_(5__預設座㈣統之xz 0 2為影像中之為待測鑽 XY平面之夾角。 頭（50)與該預設座標系統之 影像中之為待測鑽頭（5〇)之根部偏移量。 M in . 7 2數值越大，代表影像中之待測鑽頭（50)之分 別朝± Z以；3 + v Μ I & π ~ 心程度越嚴重。而偏心程度則將造成 差:、：第中之該待測鑽頭(50)之尺寸與實際數值有所偏 產生誤差圖所不，61將導致量測該待測鑽頭（50)之直徑 % 而Θ 2則導致量測該待測鑽頭之長度產生誤 201017091 差。而經過上述公式計笪夕尨， 八叶异之後，可以將偏離A，、〇,分別轉 換為該預設座標系統之A、〇座標，讓後續步驟即將量測 該待測鑽頭（5G)之各種尺寸參數能更為接近實際值。、 量測待測鑽頭尺寸參數（75)步驟中，如第三圖所示， 其係為該量測影像中之待測鑽頭(5〇)之螺旋角度⑷、直 徑（D)以及鑽頂角（T)參數。以下，八、+. LA ▲ 数 乂卜 刀述上列參數的計算方 式： 1·鑽頭直徑（D)量測 參 待測鑽頭（5〇)之影像依據前述步驟進行影像二化 後，取得該待測鐵頭影像之邊界輪廊的上下頂點座標，分 別設為A點座標與8點座標，如第六圖所示。將座 標（By)與Α點y座標（Ay)相減所得之數值即為該待測錢 頭（50)之直徑（〇)，即如下列公式： 鑽頭直徑（D) = By — Ay 2.鑽頭螺旋角（α )量測 ❿…請參考第六圖以及第七圖，以該待測鑽頭州之影像 進行影像—化後，首先取得該待測鑽頭（5〇)輪扉上之a 點座標，經由一旋轉軸（AX)逆時針轉動q角度，錢頭影像 之輪廓線變成（50A)所標示的位置，再由該待測錢頭（5〇)旋 轉後之影像輪廓線（50A)取得C點座標，其中，A、c點之 間X軸向距離即為螺距（P=Cx—Αχ)，轉動角之距離（Dr)可 由轉動角⑷、鑽頭直徑（D)來求得，鑽頭之螺旋角⑷利用 螺距（P)與轉動角之距離（Dr)之間的三角幾何關係求得，如 下列兩式所示。 12 201017091 轉動角之距離（Dr) = /360 螺旋角 g^tan-^?·736^Therefore, the present invention can obtain the clip through the image removing device: the image of the bit to be tested of the clamping device, and perform the gray-scale conversion, after the conversion, and then strengthen and obtain the drill bit to be tested. The outline, and through (4), although the image correction 'will be obtained after the angle of the image of the drill bit to be tested is converted, the size of the drill to be tested can be accurately calculated automatically. [Embodiment] Referring to the first figure, which is the image size of the bit size parameter of the present invention, the preferred embodiment includes a control device (10), a multi-axis mobile platform (2G), Image manipulation device _ and - clamping device (4 〇). The control device (10) is a device having an image processing computing capability and having a human-machine interface, such as a personal computer or a controller, capable of performing an image measurement method with 2 dimensional parameters, and the control device of the preferred embodiment - The system includes a host, a heart, and an input interface, wherein the host is provided with an electrical (four) running-out interface connected to other electronic controls such as CCD, CMOS, m). 201017091 The multi-axial moving platform (20) is a three-axis moving platform comprising a first axial track (22), a second axial track (24) and a third axial track (26). The first, second and third axial tracks (22, 24, 26) are perpendicular to each other. The axial direction of the second axial track (24) of the preferred embodiment is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first axial track (22), and the second axial track (24) is fixedly disposed across the first axial direction. a partial surface of the track (24) and maintaining a distance from the first axial track (22). The third axial track (26) is partially slidably sleeved on the second axial track (24), the axial direction thereof It is perpendicular to both the first axial track (22) and the second axial track (24). The image capturing device (30) is electrically connected to the control device (10), and is slidably sleeved on the third axial track (26), and is controlled by the control device (1〇) for image capturing. The captured results are continuously transmitted to the control device (10). The image capturing device (3〇) of the preferred embodiment comprises a digital camera (CCD) (32) and a lens (34) disposed on the image capturing end of the digital camera (32), wherein the digital device The image capturing end of the camera (32) faces the first axial track (22). The clamping device (40) includes a vehicle (42), a servo motor (44), a collet (46), and a white backlight module (48). The trolley (42) is slidably sleeved on the first axial track (22). The servo motor (44) is fixed to the surface of the trolley (42), electrically connected to the control device (10), and is driven by the control device (1〇) to rotate a rotating shaft thereof, wherein the servo motor The axial direction of the rotating shaft of (44) is parallel to the first axial track (22). The chuck (46) can be clamped to the iron head' which is fixed to the rotating shaft of the servo motor (44) 201017091 and can be rotated with the rotating shaft. The white backlight module (48) is a backlight capable of emitting a white surface light source and forming a flat plate, and is fixedly disposed on a surface of the trolley (42) at a corresponding position of the free end of the chuck (46). When in use, 'a drill bit to be tested (5 〇) is first clamped on the chuck (46), and then the control device (1 〇) is executed to perform the precision drill image measurement method, and the control device (10) starts Controlling the image capturing device (3〇) and the servo motor (44) to capture the appearance image of each side of the drill bit to be tested (5〇), and the white reference light backlight panel module (48) provides a white light background, The operation result of the drill (50) to be tested of the control device (1〇) is more clear, and the control device (1 〇) obtains the image processing and the angle correction after the extraction result is first obtained, and the analysis is obtained by the analysis and calculation. The helix angle, outer diameter dimension and top angle parameter of the drill bit (5 〇) provide the basis for the machining machine to correct the grinding parameters of the drill bit. Referring to the second figure, the steps of the image measuring method of the bit size parameter include: obtaining a gray scale image of the bit to be tested (71), performing a binary conversion ❹ (73), image correction (74), and measuring Measure the drill size parameter (75). In the step of obtaining the gray scale image (71) of the drill to be tested, the control device (1 〇) drives the image capturing device (30) to take an image of each angle of the drill (5 〇) to be tested; The image captured by the capture device (3〇) may be a color image or a grayscale image, and the color image is not helpful for analyzing and calculating various sizes and angle relationships of the drill bit (50) to be tested. The color image of the image capturing device (30) is first grayscaled, and the image is grayscale. If the output of the image capturing device (3〇) is already a grayscale image capturing device, then The grayscale conversion program is exempt. In the step of performing the conversion (73), the grayscale image is subjected to binarization processing to form a binary image having only black or white. The binary processing of images, also known as thresho丨ding processing or critical value processing, is the most important method in image segmentation. Before the image is analyzed, the first step is to perform image segmentation. The pixel points in the image are divided into two groups. The grayscale threshold is used to distinguish the target from the background to achieve the image segmentation. According to the histogram of the grayscale values of the grayscale image, a grayscale threshold r is selected. In order to clearly distinguish the target object (ie, the drill bit) from the background, and to quantify the image with the gray level critical A reference, the gray level of the pixel in the image is greater than the critical value, then the grayscale meaning of the point is 255. If the gray scale is less than the critical value, the gray scale value is defined as 〇, 苴g(X, y)J255 ^ > Τΰ , , and is expressed by the following formula ί- ίΟ mine / (^) £ as mentioned above, The binary conversion method can be a single-interval operation, and the φ-order image is converted into a binary (black and white) digital image. Its practice is in the original. Set the grayscale value Γ in the image. (threshold), according to the grayscale value of each pixel (greater than or small ^), the pixel is converted to black or white &, when the grayscale value indicates that the color is white, then the pixel is converted to white (grayscale value) 255), : Gray scale value... indicates that the color is black, then the pixel is converted to black (the gray image is subjected to the binary conversion process of the drill bit (5〇) outside the temple image, and the other is poor after the conversion Re-draw the drill bit to be tested (50) P map 'where the helix angle (α), diameter (D) and head angle (Τ) parameters of the iron to be tested are indicated in the figure. In the correction (74) step φ, 骒, since the drill bit to be tested (5〇) is clamped to the chuck (46) by means of the artificial 201017091, the axis of the drill bit to be tested (50) is caused by artificial restraint. The center of the heart and the axis of the rotating shaft of the servo motor (44) are eccentric, and the eccentricity causes an error in image measurement and calculation of the bit to be tested, so the calculation of the bit to be tested (5〇) is performed. Before the size parameter and the drill angle parameter, perform the image angle correction in this step to adjust the image. Drill bit (50) point of view, in order to enhance image measurement accuracy. The drill bit to be tested (5〇) in the corrected image can be as shown in the following formulas and in the fourth and fifth figures.办 办=do cos 0 + (do'-;;).sin 0 ~ -Ax'- sin θ + (Ay'~y). cos Θ y = 〇y'-Oy Ί帛 four graphs, A9 Representing the root of the to-be-tested _(5〇) and the coordinates of the end, and A, then the root and end of the drill (50) to be tested with eccentricity, Therefore, in the fourth and fifth figures: β is the image to be tested in the image_(5__preset seat (four) system xz 0 2 is the angle between the XY plane of the drill to be tested in the image. Head (50) and The image of the preset coordinate system is the root offset of the drill bit to be tested (5〇). M in . 7 2 The larger the value, the representative drill bit (50) in the image is facing ± Z; 3 + v Μ I & π ~ The severity of the heart is more serious, and the degree of eccentricity will cause a difference:,: the size of the drill bit (50) to be tested in the middle is offset from the actual value, resulting in an error map, 61 will result in Measuring the % of the diameter of the bit to be tested (50) and Θ 2 causes the length of the bit to be tested to be misleading to a difference of 201017091. After the above formula, after the eight-leaf difference, the deviation A can be Hey, separate conversion The A and 〇 coordinates of the preset coordinate system allow the subsequent steps to measure the various size parameters of the drill bit to be tested (5G) to be closer to the actual value. In the step of measuring the size parameter of the drill bit to be tested (75), As shown in the third figure, it is the helix angle (4), diameter (D) and head angle (T) parameters of the bit to be tested (5〇) in the measurement image. Below, eight, +. LA ▲ number 乂The calculation method of the above parameters is as follows: 1. The diameter of the drill bit (D) is measured. The image of the drill bit to be tested (5〇) is image-assisted according to the above steps, and the boundary wheel gallery of the image of the iron head to be tested is obtained. The coordinates of the upper and lower vertices are set to coordinates A and 8 respectively, as shown in the sixth figure. The value obtained by subtracting the coordinates (By) from the y coordinate (Ay) is the value of the money to be tested (50). The diameter (〇) is as follows: Drill diameter (D) = By - Ay 2. Drill helix angle (α) Measure... Please refer to the sixth and seventh figures for the image of the drill bit to be tested After image-forming, first obtain the coordinates of point a on the rim of the drill (5〇) to be tested, and reverse the axis of rotation (AX). When the needle rotates the q angle, the outline of the head image becomes the position indicated by (50A), and then the image contour (50A) rotated by the head (5〇) to be measured obtains the coordinates of the C point, wherein, A, c The X-axis distance between the points is the pitch (P=Cx-Αχ), and the distance of the rotation angle (Dr) can be obtained from the rotation angle (4) and the drill diameter (D). The helix angle (4) of the bit uses the pitch (P) and The triangular geometric relationship between the distances of the rotational angles (Dr) is obtained as shown in the following two equations. 12 201017091 Distance of rotation angle (Dr) = /360 Helix angle g^tan-^?·736^
Bx~ Ax 3·鑽頭鑽頂角（T)量測 針對該待測鑽頭（50)之影像進行影像二 化後，如第 八圖所示’可取得A、B、a ' b、c、d點之座標。 由A點y座標（Ay)與B點y座標（By)相減後再平均所 求得之為中心線（AX)對A、B點座標之距離，由此可決 定中心線（AX)位置。 之後’再計算由a、b點形成之ab線段之直線方程式 (乃ιΛι+&1)與cd線段直線方程式（3；2 =αΛ+&2)，其中ab線段 直線方程式之斜率設為, cd線段直線方程式之斜率設為 2 b線&與中心線（AX)夾角θ2 = tan-1 %，Cd線段與中心線（AX) 失角03=—tan 1αζ，故鑽頭之鑽頂角（τ)為： Τ= Θ 2+ Θ '。 其中’ ab、cd線段直線方程式是利 1” -ΤΓ … . * 鲁得’以下附註說明其計算過程： 若有η筆資料（〜>〇，.··Aj )，妒执^ 為卜6+似， 幻饭6又少對X的線性迴歸線 n 則最小平方法主要县七i + 要疋求出迴歸係數6、α，使得 „ 最小0故可解φ 、„ Α 螂出迴歸係數分別為 Σ^-χ)2 其中 13 201017091 歹 4ί>,· η ι*1 其中’迴歸係數6 ' α，為吉蝻士 i 2 ^ -r * …直線方程式少=6 +似中的係數， 係為了求侍最佳化的直線 、方程式而必須求得的係數，利用 了線性化亦稱最小平方合 次來衣侍迴歸係數6、α，再將迴 听係數0帶入直線方程式W +似，其中直線方程式Bx~ Ax 3·Drill bit angle (T) measurement After image binarization of the image of the bit (50) to be tested, as shown in the eighth figure, 'A, B, a ' b, c, d can be obtained The coordinates of the point. The y coordinate (Ay) at point A is subtracted from the y coordinate (By) at point B, and then averaged to obtain the distance between the center line (AX) and the coordinate of points A and B, thereby determining the position of the center line (AX). . Then 'recalculate the straight line equation of the ab line segment formed by points a and b (ie ιΛι+&1) and the cd line segment straight line equation (3; 2 = αΛ+& 2), where the slope of the ab line segment equation is set to , the slope of the linear equation of the cd line segment is set to 2 b line & the angle with the center line (AX) θ2 = tan-1 %, the Cd line segment and the center line (AX) are out of angle 03=-tan 1αζ, so the drill tip angle (τ) is: Τ = Θ 2+ Θ '. Where 'ab, cd line segment straight line equation is profit 1' - ΤΓ ... . * Lude 'The following notes explain its calculation process: If there is n data (~>〇,.··Aj), 妒^^^^ + Like, the magic rice 6 has less linear regression line X to X. The least square method is the main county seven i + to find the regression coefficient 6, α, so that „ minimum 0 can solve φ, „ 螂 螂 regression coefficient is Σ^-χ)2 where 13 201017091 歹4ί>,· η ι*1 where 'regression coefficient 6 ' α is the coefficient of the 蝻吉蝻士 i 2 ^ -r * ...the linear equation is less =6 + like The coefficient that must be obtained for the optimization of the straight line and the equation, the linearization, also known as the least squares, is used to match the regression coefficient 6, α, and then the echo coefficient 0 is brought into the linear equation W + , where Linear equation
一似裡面的係數0即為該直線的斜率，如果要求得該直 線的角度，其角度0 = tan-,(a)。因此為了求得北、Μ線段 ^中、線之夾角’必須先求得其ab、Gd線段的直線方程 式係數6W2、α1、α2，之後再將迴歸係數6i、^m2 帶入直線方程式少=6 +似，其中係數αΐ、心分別為北、& 線&的斜率’如果要求得該ab、G(J線段與中心線的夹角， 其夾角分別為02 = tan-〗ai、色叫如-、）。 【圖式簡單說明】 ⑩ 第一圖為本發明較佳實施例之立體圖。 第二圖為本發明較佳實施例之流程圖。 第三圖為本發明較佳實施例之一待測鑽頭影像示意 圖。 第四圖為本發明較佳實施例之該待測鑽頭之一偏心狀 態座標示意圖。 第五圖為本發明較佳實施例之一預設座標系統與偏心 狀態及量測誤差示意圖。 第六圖為本發明較佳實施例之該待測鑽頭之影像及待 14 201017091 測參數示意圖。 第七圖為本發明較佳實施例之一螺旋角關係示意圖。 第八圖為本發明較佳實施例之一鑽頂角參數量測示意 圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 (10)控制裝置 (20)多軸向移動平台 (22)第一軸向軌道 (24)第二軸向軌道 (26)第三軸向軌道 (30)影像擷取裝置 (32)數位攝影機 (34)鏡頭 (40)夾制裝置 (42)台車 (44)伺服馬達 (46)夾頭 (48)白光背光板模組 (50)待測鑽頭 15The coefficient 0 inside is the slope of the line. If the angle of the line is required, the angle is 0 = tan-, (a). Therefore, in order to obtain the angle between the middle and the line of the north and the Μ line segment, the linear equation coefficients 6W2, α1, and α2 of the ab and Gd line segments must be obtained first, and then the regression coefficients 6i and ^m2 are brought into the straight line equation. + like, where the coefficient αΐ, the heart is north, & the slope of the line & 'if the ab, G (the angle between the J line segment and the center line, the angle between them is 02 = tan-〗 ai, color is called Such as-,). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 10 The first figure is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The second figure is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The third figure is a schematic view of a bit image to be tested according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The fourth figure is a schematic diagram of an eccentricity coordinate of one of the drill bits to be tested according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The fifth figure is a schematic diagram of a preset coordinate system and an eccentricity state and a measurement error according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The sixth figure is a schematic diagram of the image of the drill to be tested and the parameters to be measured according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the relationship of the helix angle of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the measurement of the top angle parameter of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. [Description of main component symbols] (10) Control device (20) Multi-axis moving platform (22) First axial track (24) Second axial track (26) Third axial track (30) Image capturing device (32) digital camera (34) lens (40) clamping device (42) trolley (44) servo motor (46) chuck (48) white backlight module (50) drill bit to be tested 15