1374251 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係為—種鑽頭影像量測裝置及方法 於一種利用影像拍攝擷取鑽 ^疋 德“增貝之外硯並判讀所擷取之影 像而取付該鑽頭的各項外觀參數的量測農置及方法。 【先前技術】 鑽頭是機械製造工業非當番I的杜 呆非吊重要的技術工具，鑽頭的性 能與品質的優劣對於切削加 J刀工的精度、效率和品質都有直 接而嚴重的影響，一把鑽頭的好壞’其幾何形狀設計與尺 :精度#有很重要的影響，良好的鑽頭對於加工製成有 著如虎添翼的功效。 為了更瞭解鑽頭設計完成後的精確外觀而能於後續加 工研磨等製程獲得精確的控制，Hazra等人遂於2〇〇2年 發表-種檢測方法，利用3 i CCD來獲得鑽頭側面的輪 廊，並預測描述鑽豆貝幾何外㈣5財數，藉此來檢測重 新研磨的鑽頭。（Hazra，丨nspect丨〇n 〇f Regr〇und加·丨丨1374251 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field of the invention] The present invention relates to a drill bit image measuring device and method for capturing an image by using an image capture method. And take the measurement of the various appearance parameters of the drill bit and the method. [Prior Art] The drill bit is an important technical tool for the mechanical manufacturing industry, such as the performance and quality of the drill bit. J's precision, efficiency and quality have direct and serious effects. The quality of a drill bit's geometry design and ruler: accuracy # has a very important influence. A good drill bit has a powerful effect on the processing. In order to better understand the precise appearance of the drill bit design and obtain precise control of the subsequent processing and grinding processes, Hazra et al. published a detection method in 2002, using the 3 i CCD to obtain the wheel side of the drill bit. And predict the description of the diamond bean geometry (four) 5 fiscal number, in order to detect the regrind bit. (Hazra, 丨nspect丨〇n 〇f Regr〇und plus 丨丨
Point Geometry Using Silhouette Image, J. Mater. Process Tech., Vol.127, 2002) 〇 然而’ Hazra所提出的方法必須使用3個ccd才可完 成量測，而且不具備自動化的量測流程，量測方法過於複 雜且其耗費的製造成本偏高。 【發明内容】 4 U74251 了解决前述鑽頭參數測量方法雲 備及不農锯ώ 忒而要问成本的製造設 ，、備自動化的問題，本發明# „ 置配合幾何模型建立㈣街^ 早一影像掏取裝 一系列以❹ 得鑽頭的影像後，進行 像處理而形成二元黑白影冑，並使用 里 衫像進行影像角度校正及運算鑽 ’’’、 到精確取得鑽頭的外形參數之目的參數’以期達 本發明提供一種鑽頭尺寸參數 法，其中： 丁/數之影像量測裝置及方 該鑽頭尺寸參數之影像量測裝置包含： 一控制裝置，其為具有影像運 控制介面的裝置； 冑-處理“且具有人機 —多軸向移動平台； 一夾制裝置，其包含： -祠服馬達’其與該控制裝置電性連接 =置之控制而轉動其一轉動轴，且其可沿著第接二Point Geometry Using Silhouette Image, J. Mater. Process Tech., Vol.127, 2002) However, the method proposed by Hazra must use three ccd to complete the measurement, and does not have an automated measurement process. The method is too complicated and its costly manufacturing costs are high. [Summary of the Invention] 4 U74251 solves the above-mentioned method of measuring the parameter of the drill bit and the cost of the manufacturing equipment, and the problem of automation, the present invention # „ setting the geometric model to establish (4) street ^ early image After picking up a series of images of the drill bit, the image is processed to form a binary black-and-white shadow, and the image of the lens is used to correct the image angle and calculate the drill ''', to accurately obtain the shape parameters of the drill bit. The invention provides a bit size parameter method, wherein: the D/D image measuring device and the image measuring device of the bit size parameter comprise: a control device, which is a device having an image transport control interface; - processing "and having a human-machine-multi-axial moving platform; a clamping device comprising: - a servo motor" which is electrically connected to the control device = controlled to rotate a rotating shaft thereof The second
/月移叹於該多轴向移動平台表面；以及 D 一夾頭，其固定設於砖心η BE 1 心旧s 疋又於料服馬達的轉動軸以夹制—/ month sighs on the surface of the multi-axial moving platform; and D a chuck, which is fixedly placed on the brick core η BE 1 heart s 疋 疋 and the rotating shaft of the clothes motor is clamped -
待測鑽頭；以及 J 一影像擷取裝置，直盥呤杬生，赴 八與違控制裝置電性連接，直 設於該多軸向移動平台表面， 、月移 儿八接文該控制裝置之控制 擷取該待測鑽頭之影像，並將擷取 置； 〜像傳^至該控制裝 其中該控制裝置將擁取之爭挽 貝取之影像進行二值化轉換後’依 據該二值化影像之一輪廓進行兮 退仃該待測鑽頭的直徨、鑽頂角 5 以及螺旋角度的量測。 其中， 該多軸向移動平台包含. 一第一軸向軌道； 第一轴向執道，其固定跨設於該第一轴向軌道之 ° P表φ其局。P與該第—軸向軌道維持一間距，立其軸 向與該第-軸向軌道之軸向成垂直；以及 一第三軸向軌道，其局部可滑動套設於該第二軸向 軌道，其ϋ向與該第一轴向軌道以及該第二轴向軌道之軲 向均呈垂直； —該影像擷取裝置可滑動套設於該第三軸向軌道’真其 —影像擷取端朝該第一軸向軌道；以及 该夾制裝置可滑動套設於第一軸向軌道。 其中’該夾制裝置包含： 一台車，其可滑動套設於該第一軸向軌道；以及 一白光背光板模組，其為可發出白色面光源真奚乎板 狀，其固定設於該台車局部表面； 其中，該伺服馬達固定設於該台車表面，且其轉動軸 乂及該夾頭則置於該白光背光板模組之對應位置。 本發明提供一種鑽頭尺寸參數之影像量測方法，其少 驟包含： 取得待測鑽頭的灰階影像，以一數位攝影裝爹拍攝/ 待測鑽頭之長度方向而形成一灰階影像； 執行二元化轉換，對該灰階影像進行二元化彩像轉 1374251 換，使該灰階影像形成一黑白影像， 外廓影像；以& 取㈣待測鑽頭的 量測待測鑽頭尺寸參數，量測該待測鑽頭 之直徑、鑽頂角以及螺旋角β p和像 其中，該鑽頭尺寸參數之影像量測方法 影像校正步驟’係對該黑白影像中之待測通 ^匕含 進行角度座標轉換而與一預設座標夺之之外廓影像 你乐統之—軸向呈平行。 藉此，本發明可透過該影像摘取裝置 夹制裝置㈣㈣頭之料，並進行計讀化2_ 化轉換之後’強化並取得該待測鑽頭的外廟， ： =影像校正，將取得的㈣_之外㈣像執行角度轉 換後，4以自動化地精確計算該待測鑽頭的外觀尺寸。 【實施方式】 清參考第-圖，其為本發明之鑽頭尺寸參數之影像 測裝置之較佳實施例，纟包含一控制褒置(1〇)、一多轴向 移動平台（20)…影㈣取|置（3Q)以及―夾㈣置州。 該控制裝置⑽為具有影像處理運算能力且 控制介面的裝[例如一個人電腦或為一控制器：可執： —鑽頭尺寸參數之影像量測方法，本較佳實施例之控制裝 ^ (1〇)係為-個人電腦，其包含相互電性連接之_主機、 :顯示器以及一輸入介面’纟中，該主機設有與其他電控 二：(例如CCD、CM0S、伺服馬達·等)連接之電氣訊號 掏出入介面。 1374251 該多軸向移動平台（20)其為一三輪移動平台，包八 第一轴向軌道（22)、一第二軸向軌道（24)以及一第三輪向 執道（26)，其中，該第一、第二以及第三軸向軌道（22、24、 .26)分別互成垂直。本較佳實施例之第二軸向軌道（24)之轴 向與該第一軸向軌道（22)之軸向垂直，且第二軸向軌道（24) 固定跨設於該第一軸向軌道（24)之局部表面並與該第一軸 向軌道（22)維持一間距，該第三轴向軌道（26)局部可滑動 套設於該第二轴向軌道（24)，其軸向與該第一軸向軌道（22) , 以及該第二轴向軌道（24)均呈垂直。 δ亥影像擁取裝置（30)與該控制裝置（1〇)電性連接，可 滑動套設於該第三軸向執道（26)，其接受該控制裝置（1〇) 之控制而進行影像擷取並將擷取結果持續傳送予該控制裝 置（1 0)。本較佳實施例之該影像擷取裝置（3〇)包含一數位 攝影機（CCD)(32)以及一套設於該數位攝影機（32)之影像擷 取端的鏡頭（34)，其中，該數位攝影機（32)之影像擷取端 鲁朝向該第一軸向軌道（22)。 該夾制裝置（40)包含一台車（42)、一伺服馬達（44)、一 夾頭（46)以及一白光背光板模組（48)。 該台車（42)可滑動套設於該第—軸向軌道（22)。 該伺服馬達（44)固定於該台車（42)之表面，與該控制 裝置（1〇)電性連接，並接受該控制裝置（1〇)之驅動而轉動 轉動軸其中，该伺服馬達（44)之轉動軸之軸向與該 第一軸向軌道（22)形成平行。 5亥夾頭（46)可夾制鑽頭，其固定設於該伺服馬達（44) 8 1J/4251 之轉動軸而可隨該轉動軸轉動。 /白光者光板杈組（48)為可發出白色面光源且形成平 板狀的m其m定設於該纟車（42)表面於該夾頭（叫 自由端的對應位置。 /使用時’先將-待測鑽頭(50)夹制於該夾頭(46)上， 之後使該控制裝置。〇)執行該精密鑽頭影像量測方法， β亥控制裝置（1 G)開始控制該影像掘取襄置（扣）以及該飼服 馬達（44)’操取該待測鑽頭_的各側外觀影|，而該白 光背光板模纽（48)與丨+ db e , )、柃供白先者景，讓該控制裝置（10)的 待測鑽頭(50)擷取結果更顯清晰’該控制裝置⑽則將該 榻取結果先進行影像處理以及角度端正之後，經分析計算 而獲得該待測鑽頭(50)的螺旋角[外徑尺寸以及鑽頂角 參數’提供加工機修研磨參數之依據。 請參考第二圖，該鑽頭尺寸參數之影像量測方法的步 驟包含：取得待測鑽頭的灰階影像(7”、執行二元化轉換 ')〜像校正（74)以及量測待測鑽頭尺寸參數（75)。 該取得待測鑽頭的灰階影像（71)步驟中，係為該控制 裝置（1〇)驅動該影像榻取裝置（3Q)拍攝該待測鑽頭（5〇)的各 個f度影像；由於該影⑽取裝置（3G)所摘取的影像可能 為心色〜像或為灰階影像，而彩色影像對於分析計算該待 測鑽頭（50)之各種尺寸及角度關係較無幫㈤，因此，可將 該〜像_取裝置（30)之#貞取彩& f彡像先進行灰階化處理， 而為灰P6之影像’若t該影像#貞取裝置⑽)之輸出已為灰 階影像操取裝置時’則灰階化轉換程序則可免除。執行二 1374251 兀化轉換（73)步驟中，係將該灰階影像經過二元化處理， 而形成僅具有黑或白之二元化影像。影像之二元化處理， 亦可稱為三化（thresh〇ld|.ng)處理或臨界值處理，是影 像分割中最重要的方法之一。影像進行分析前第一步是進 :影像分割，主要是將一張影像中的像素點分成兩個族 群’以灰階臨界值來區分目標物盥 作奶兴才景，以達到影像分割 目的。 依據灰階影像之灰階數值的直方圖中，選取一灰階臨 界值7；以可明顯區辨目標物(即鑽頭)與背景，並以該灰 階臨界$基準，將影像二化，影像中像素之灰階大 於臨界值者’則該點之灰階$義為况，反之灰階小 於臨界值者，則灰階值定義為 gUy)=： 255 if - 了以下列公式表示L : ’ I 0 f(x,y) < τ0 如前所述，二元化轉換的方式可以為單一間值運算， 係將灰階影像要轉為二元（里 ^ 凡（黑白）數位影像。其作法為在原 始景> 像中設定灰階值r丨Η Μ λ 。（閥值），依照每個像素的灰階值大 小（大於或小於7；)，將該像专 一 ’、轉換為黑色或白色，當灰階值 > % ’表示顏色偏白，則伤本絲认立 、像素轉換為白色（灰階值為255)， 而右灰階值S ，表示顏多憶愛 , 3邑偏黑，則像素轉換為黑色（ 值為〇)»經過二元化鑪掐老 __ 、 轉換處理的待測鑽頭（50)外廓影像’ 其中’第三圖為二元化鐘抽α 轉換後，並重新描繪該該待測鑽 之外廓圖，其中，該待制雄/en、 M U) 以及鑽頂角（T)參數則如圖中標示。 化⑴） 影像校正（7 4)步驟由 , 中’由於該待測鑽頭（50)係以人為 1374251 方式夾制於該夹頭（46)上’由於人為的挾持造成該待測鐵 頭（5〇)之軸心與該伺服馬達（44)之轉動軸的軸心產生偏心 . 現象，而此偏心現象會造成該待測鑽頭在影像量測、計算 .上的誤差，因此在計算該待測鑽頭（50)之尺寸參數與鑽頂 角參數之别，於本步驟進行影像之角度校正，以調整影像 中之待測鑽頭（5〇)角度，以增進影像量測的準確性。其中， 校正影像中之該待測鑽頭（5〇)可如下列公式以及第四圖、 • 第五圖所示。 , 办=必，· COS Θ + (4y. sin ΘThe drill bit to be tested; and the J image capturing device, which is directly connected to the control device, is connected directly to the surface of the multi-axial moving platform, and is connected to the control device. Controlling and capturing the image of the drill to be tested, and setting the image; the image is transferred to the control device, wherein the control device binarizes the image captured by the control device, and then according to the binarized image One of the contours is to measure the straightness of the drill bit to be tested, the drill head angle 5, and the helix angle. Wherein, the multi-axial moving platform comprises: a first axial track; and a first axial way, which is fixed across the first axial track. P maintaining a distance from the first axial track, the axial direction thereof is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first axial track; and a third axial track partially slidably sleeved on the second axial track The slanting direction of the first axial trajectory and the second axial trajectory are perpendicular to each other; the image capturing device is slidably sleeved on the third axial trajectory Facing the first axial track; and the clamping device is slidably sleeved on the first axial track. Wherein the clamping device comprises: a vehicle slidably sleeved on the first axial track; and a white light backlight module, which is capable of emitting a white surface light source which is substantially plate-shaped and fixedly disposed thereon The partial surface of the trolley; wherein the servo motor is fixedly disposed on the surface of the trolley, and the rotating shaft 乂 and the collet are disposed at corresponding positions of the white backlight module. The invention provides an image measuring method for a bit size parameter, and the following steps include: obtaining a gray scale image of the bit to be tested, and forming a gray scale image by a digital camera mounting/length of the bit to be tested; Meta-conversion, the binary image is converted to 1374251 for the gray-scale image, so that the gray-scale image forms a black-and-white image, and the outer image; and the size of the bit to be tested is measured by the amount of the bit to be tested. Measuring the diameter of the drill bit to be tested, the drilling apex angle, and the helix angle β p and the image measuring method of the image of the drill bit size, the image correcting step is an angular coordinate of the to-be-tested pass in the black and white image The transition is parallel to the axis of the outline image of a preset coordinate. Therefore, the present invention can pass through the image picking device to clamp the device (4) (4) the head material, and after performing the metering 2_ conversion, 'enhance and obtain the outer temple of the drill to be tested, := image correction, which will be obtained (4) _Beyond (4) After performing the angle conversion, 4 automatically calculates the apparent size of the drill to be tested automatically. [Embodiment] Referring to the first drawing, which is a preferred embodiment of the image measuring device for the bit size parameter of the present invention, the device includes a control device (1〇), a multi-axial moving platform (20), and the like. (4) Take | set (3Q) and "clip (four) set the state. The control device (10) is a device having an image processing computing capability and a control interface (for example, a personal computer or a controller: executable: - image measuring method of the drill size parameter, the control device of the preferred embodiment) ) is a personal computer that includes a host computer that is electrically connected to each other, a display, and an input interface that is connected to other electronic controls (eg, CCD, CM0S, servo motor, etc.). The electrical signal is connected to the interface. 1374251 The multi-axial moving platform (20) is a three-wheel moving platform, and comprises a first axial track (22), a second axial track (24) and a third wheel way (26). Wherein, the first, second and third axial tracks (22, 24, .26) are perpendicular to each other. The axial direction of the second axial track (24) of the preferred embodiment is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first axial track (22), and the second axial track (24) is fixedly disposed across the first axial direction. a partial surface of the rail (24) and maintaining a distance from the first axial rail (22), the third axial rail (26) being partially slidably sleeved on the second axial rail (24), the axial direction thereof It is perpendicular to both the first axial track (22) and the second axial track (24). The δ hai image capturing device (30) is electrically connected to the control device (1 〇), and is slidably sleeved on the third axial trajectory (26), which is controlled by the control device (1〇) The image is captured and the captured result is continuously transmitted to the control device (10). The image capturing device (3〇) of the preferred embodiment comprises a digital camera (CCD) (32) and a lens (34) disposed on the image capturing end of the digital camera (32), wherein the digital position The image capturing end of the camera (32) faces the first axial track (22). The clamping device (40) includes a vehicle (42), a servo motor (44), a collet (46), and a white backlight module (48). The trolley (42) is slidably sleeved on the first axial track (22). The servo motor (44) is fixed to the surface of the trolley (42), electrically connected to the control device (1〇), and is driven by the control device (1〇) to rotate the rotating shaft, the servo motor (44) The axis of the axis of rotation is parallel to the first axial track (22). The 5th collet (46) can clamp the drill bit and is fixed to the rotating shaft of the servo motor (44) 8 1J/4251 to be rotatable with the rotating shaft. The white light panel (48) is a white surface light source and is formed into a flat shape. The m is fixed on the surface of the brake (42) on the chuck (the corresponding position of the free end. - the drill bit (50) to be tested is clamped on the chuck (46), and then the control device is operated. 〇) The precision bit image measuring method is executed, and the β-hai control device (1 G) starts to control the image boring. The set (buckle) and the feeding motor (44) 'obtain the appearance of each side of the drill bit _|, and the white light backlight plate mold (48) and 丨+ db e , )景, the control device (10) of the bit (50) to be tested is more clear. The control device (10) then performs the image processing and the angle correction before the result of the calculation, and obtains the test after analysis and calculation. The helix angle of the drill bit (50) [outer diameter dimension and drill angle parameter] provides the basis for the machining machine grinding parameters. Referring to the second figure, the steps of the image measuring method of the bit size parameter include: obtaining a gray scale image of the bit to be tested (7", performing a binary conversion ')~ image correction (74), and measuring the bit to be tested The size parameter (75). In the step of obtaining the gray scale image (71) of the drill to be tested, the control device (1〇) drives the image reclining device (3Q) to take each of the drills to be tested (5〇). The image obtained by the image capture device (3G) may be a heart color image or a grayscale image, and the color image is analyzed and calculated for various sizes and angles of the drill bit (50) to be tested. No help (five), therefore, the image of the image capture device (30) can be grayscaled first, and the image of the gray P6 is the image of the gray P6. When the output of the output is already a grayscale image manipulation device, the grayscale conversion program can be dispensed with. In the step of performing the two 1374251 conversion conversion (73), the grayscale image is subjected to binarization processing to form only It has a binary image of black or white. The binary processing of images can also be called tris (thres H〇ld|.ng) processing or threshold processing is one of the most important methods in image segmentation. The first step before image analysis is: image segmentation, which is mainly to divide the pixels in an image into two The ethnic group 'differentiates the target object with the gray-scale threshold value for the purpose of image segmentation. According to the histogram of the gray-scale value of the gray-scale image, a gray-scale threshold value of 7 is selected; The target object (ie, the drill bit) and the background, and the image is binarized by the grayscale critical $ benchmark, and the gray level of the pixel in the image is greater than the critical value, then the grayscale value of the point is the meaning, and the grayscale is less than the critical value. For the value, the grayscale value is defined as gUy)=: 255 if - is expressed by the following formula L : ' I 0 f(x,y) < τ0 As mentioned above, the binary conversion can be a single mode The value operation is to convert the grayscale image into a binary (inside ^ (black and white) digital image. The method is to set the grayscale value r丨Η Μ λ in the original scene> (threshold), according to each The grayscale value of the pixels (greater than or less than 7;), the image is specifically ', converted to black or Color, when the grayscale value > % ' indicates that the color is white, the injured silk is recognized, the pixel is converted to white (the grayscale value is 255), and the right grayscale value S is expressed as Yan Duoyi, 3邑In black, the pixel is converted to black (value is 〇) » after the binary furnace __, conversion processing of the drill bit (50) profile image 'where 'the third picture is the binary clock extraction α conversion And re-rendering the external profile of the drill to be tested, wherein the parameters to be made/en, MU and the top angle (T) are as shown in the figure. (1) The image correction (7 4) step is performed by , 'Because the drill bit to be tested (50) is clamped to the chuck (46) in the manner of artificial 1374251 'the axis of the iron head to be tested (5〇) and the servo motor due to artificial restraint (44) The axis of the rotating shaft produces an eccentricity phenomenon, and this eccentricity causes an error in the image measurement and calculation of the drill to be tested, so the size parameter and the drilling angle of the drill bit (50) to be tested are calculated. For the difference of parameters, perform angle correction of the image in this step to adjust the angle of the drill bit (5〇) in the image to enhance the shadow. Measurement accuracy. Wherein, the drill bit to be tested (5〇) in the corrected image can be as shown in the following formula and the fourth figure, the fifth figure. , do = must, · COS Θ + (4y. sin Θ
Ay = ~Ax^ sin Θ + (Ay~y) · cos Θ y = Oy'-Oy 八中第四圖之0、A座標分別表示並未產生偏心現 象的待測鑽頭（50)之根部以及端頭之座標，而〇,以及A，則 ^表已經產生偏心現象的待測鑽頭（5〇)之根部及端頭座 才示’因此，第四圖以及第五圖之： 0為影像中之為待測鑽頭（50)與一預設座標系統之χζ 籲平面之夹角。 Θ 2為影像中之為待測鑽頭（5〇)與該預設座標 ΧΥ平面之夾角。 、 影像中之為待測鑽頭（50)之根部偏移量。 ,田θ、0 2數值越大，代表影像中之待測鑽頭（5〇)之分 =朝U以及± γ偏心程度越嚴重。而偏心程度則將造成 :測影像中之該待測鑽頭（5Q)之尺寸與實際數值有所偏 第五圖所示，0將導致量測該待測鑽頭（50)之直徑 。、差而0 2則導致量測該待測鑽頭（50)之長度產生誤 1374251 差。而經過上述公式計算之後，可以將偏離A，、〇,分別轉 換為該預設座標系統之A、〇座標，讓後續步驟即將量則 該待測鑽頭（50)之各種尺寸參數能更為接近實際值。卜 量測待測鑽頭尺寸參數（75)步驟中，如第三圖所示， 其係為該量測影像中之待測鑽頭（5 〇)之螺旋角度（α ) 了直 徑（D)以及鑽頂角（Τ)參數。以下，分述上列參數的計算方 式： 1 ·鑽頭直徑（D)量測 待測鑽頭（50)之影像依據前述步驟進行影像二化 後，取得該待測鑽頭影像之邊界輪廓的上下頂點座標，分 別設為Α點座標與β點座標，如第六圖所示。將日點 標（By)與A點y座標（Ay)相減所得之數值，即為該待測鑽 頭（50)之直徑（D)，即如下列公式： 鑽頭直徑（D) = By — Ay 2.鑽頭螺旋角（α )量測 /請參考第六圖以及第七圖，以該待測鑽頭（5〇)之影像Ay = ~Ax^ sin Θ + (Ay~y) · cos Θ y = Oy'-Oy The coordinates of 0 and 4 in the fourth figure of the eighth figure indicate the root and end of the drill bit (50) to be tested without eccentricity. The coordinates of the head, and 〇, and A, then the root and end socket of the drill bit (5〇) that has produced eccentricity are shown. Therefore, in the fourth and fifth figures: 0 is in the image. It is the angle between the drill bit (50) to be tested and the plane of the preset coordinate system. Θ 2 is the angle between the drill bit to be tested (5〇) and the preset coordinate plane in the image. In the image, the root offset of the drill bit (50) to be tested. The larger the value of θ, 0 2 is, the more representative of the bit to be tested (5〇) in the image = the more serious the eccentricity toward U and ± γ. The degree of eccentricity will result in the deviation of the size of the bit to be tested (5Q) from the actual value in the image. As shown in the fifth figure, 0 will cause the diameter of the bit (50) to be tested to be measured. If the difference is 0 2, the length of the bit (50) to be tested is measured to be 1374251. After the above formula is calculated, the deviations A, 〇 can be converted into the A and 〇 coordinates of the preset coordinate system, respectively, so that the subsequent steps will be closer to the various size parameters of the drill bit (50) to be tested. Actual value. In the step of measuring the size parameter of the drill bit to be tested (75), as shown in the third figure, it is the helix angle (α) of the drill bit to be tested (5 〇) in the measurement image (D) and the drill Top angle (Τ) parameter. In the following, the calculation of the above parameters is described as follows: 1 • The drill diameter (D) measures the image of the drill bit to be tested (50). After the image is binarized according to the above steps, the upper and lower vertex coordinates of the boundary contour of the drill image to be tested are obtained. , set to the coordinates of the point and the point of β, respectively, as shown in the sixth figure. The value obtained by subtracting the day mark (By) from the point y coordinate (Ay) is the diameter (D) of the bit (50) to be tested, ie, the following formula: Drill diameter (D) = By - Ay 2. Drill helix angle (α) measurement / Please refer to the sixth and seventh figures for the image of the drill bit to be tested (5〇)
進打影像二化後，首先取得該待測鑽頭（5〇)輪廓上之A 點座標，經由一旋轉軸（AX)逆時針轉動3角度，鑽頭影像 之輪廓線變成（5〇A)所標示的位置’再由該待測鑽頭（5〇)旋 轉後之影像輪廓線（50A)取得C點座標，其中，A、◦點之 間X軸向距離即為螺距Cx_ Αχ)，轉動角之距離（D「）可 由轉動角（、鑽頭直徑（D)來求得，鑽頭之螺旋角（〇)利用 螺距（Ρ)與轉動角之距離（Dr)之間的三角幾何關係求得，如 下列兩式所示。 12 /4251 轉動角之距離（Dr) = mW,/360 螺旋角 a = ^-^0,/360After entering the image, first obtain the coordinate of point A on the contour of the drill (5〇) to be tested, and rotate the angle by 3 degrees counterclockwise via a rotating shaft (AX), and the contour of the drill image becomes (5〇A). The position 'and the image contour line (50A) after the rotation of the drill bit to be tested (5〇) obtains the coordinate of the C point, wherein the distance between the A and the X axis is the pitch Cx_ Αχ), and the distance of the rotation angle (D") can be obtained from the angle of rotation (the diameter of the drill bit (D). The helix angle of the drill bit (〇) is obtained by the triangular geometric relationship between the pitch (Ρ) and the distance of the rotation angle (Dr), as the following two As shown in the formula. 12 / 4251 Distance of rotation angle (Dr) = mW, /360 Helix angle a = ^-^0, /360
Bx- Αχ 3-鑽頭鑽頂角（τ)量測 針對該待測鑽頭（50)之影像進行影像二化後，如第 圖所示’可取得A、B、a、b、c、d點之座標。 由A點y座標（Ay)與B點y座標（By)相減後再平均所 f得之為中心線（AX)對A、B點座標之距離，由此可決 定令心線（AX)位置。 、 後再计异由a、b點形成之ab線段之直線方程式 。 ，，策#又直線方私式，其中ab線段 直線之斜率設為Gd線段錢㈣U斜率設為 :二線，與中心線(AX)夹角θ2，-v cd線段與中心線(Αχ) ' 3 tan 〇2，故鑽頭之鑽頂角（Τ)為： τ=θ 2+ 0 3 0 得，::二:其=程式是㈣…合法求 為少 =&+似，則最，、 饭5又^對j的線性迴歸線 平方法主要是求出迴歸係數6β，使得 最小 Π Σ (χί ~ ^)(^, — y) 故可解出迴歸係數分別為 其中： 13 n /=1 ^其中，迴歸係數6、a，為直線方程式}=0+似中的係數， 係為了求得最佳化的直線方程式而必須求得的係數，利用 了線性化亦稱最小平方合法來求得迴料數h，再將迴 歸係數卜fl帶入直線方程式—，其中直線方程式 户6+似裡面的係數即為該直線的斜率如果要求得該直 線的角度’其角度htan->(a)。因此，為了求得ab、cd線段 與中、線之夾角’必須先求得其ab、cd《段的直線方程 式係數51、62、α1、α2,之後再將迴歸係數η' μ、^心 帶入直線方程式W，其中係數〇1、㈡分別為的、Μ 線段的斜率’如果要求得該ab、cd線段與中心線的夾角， 其夾角分別為02==tan-〗fli、0=_加-1^)。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖為本發明較佳實施例之立體圖。 第一圖為本發明較佳實施例之流程圓。 圖 第三圖為本發明較佳實施例之一待測鑽頭影像示意 第四圖為本發明較佳實施例之該待測鑽頭之一偏心狀 態座標示意圖。 第五圓為本發明較佳實施例預設座標系統與偏心 狀態及量測誤差示意圖。 第六圖為本發明較佳實施例之該待測鑽頭之影像及待 1374251 測參數示意圖。 第七圖為本發明較佳實施例之一螺旋角關係示意圖。 第八圖為本發明較佳實施例之一鑽頂角參數量測示意 圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 (10)控制裝置 (20)多軸向移動平台 (22)第一軸向軌道 (24)第二軸向轨道 (26)第三軸向軌道 (30)影像擷取裝置 (32)數位攝影機 (34)鏡頭 (40)夾制裝置 (42)台車 (44)伺服馬達 (46)夾頭 (48)白光背光板模組 (50)待測鑽頭 15Bx- Αχ 3-Drill Drill Angle (τ) Measurement After image binarization of the image of the drill (50) to be tested, as shown in the figure, 'A, B, a, b, c, d points can be obtained The coordinates. The y coordinate (Ay) of point A is subtracted from the y coordinate (By) of point B, and then the average f is the distance of the center line (AX) to the coordinates of points A and B, thereby determining the heart line (AX). position. Then, calculate the linear equation of the ab line segment formed by points a and b. , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 3 tan 〇2, so the drill head angle (Τ) is: τ = θ 2+ 0 3 0 得, :: 2: its = program is (four)... legally seeking less = & + like, then the most, The linear regression line method of rice 5 and j is mainly to find the regression coefficient 6β, so that the minimum Π Σ (χί ~ ^)(^, — y) can be solved by the regression coefficient: 13 n /=1 ^ Among them, the regression coefficient 6, a, is the coefficient of the linear equation} = 0 +, which is the coefficient that must be obtained in order to obtain the optimized linear equation, and the linearization is also called the least square law to obtain the coefficient. The number of materials h, and then the regression coefficient b is brought into the equation of the straight line - where the coefficient of the line equation 6+ is the slope of the line if the angle of the line is required 'the angle htan-> (a). Therefore, in order to find the angle between ab and cd line segments and the middle and the line, you must first find the ab, cd "segment linear equation coefficients 51, 62, α1, α2, and then the regression coefficient η' μ, ^ heart band Enter the linear equation W, where the coefficients 〇1 and (2) are respectively, and the slope of the Μ line segment 'if the angle between the ab and cd segments and the center line is required, the angle is 02==tan-〗, fli, 0=_ Add -1^). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first figure is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The first figure is a flow circle of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an image of a bit to be tested according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an eccentricity coordinate of a bit to be tested according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The fifth circle is a schematic diagram of the preset coordinate system and the eccentricity state and the measurement error according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the image of the drill to be tested and the parameters to be measured 1374251 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the relationship of the helix angle of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the measurement of the top angle parameter of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. [Description of main component symbols] (10) Control device (20) Multi-axis moving platform (22) First axial track (24) Second axial track (26) Third axial track (30) Image capturing device (32) digital camera (34) lens (40) clamping device (42) trolley (44) servo motor (46) chuck (48) white backlight module (50) drill bit to be tested 15