CN114397199B - Pile torsion resistance testing method - Google Patents
Pile torsion resistance testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114397199B CN114397199B CN202210018697.XA CN202210018697A CN114397199B CN 114397199 B CN114397199 B CN 114397199B CN 202210018697 A CN202210018697 A CN 202210018697A CN 114397199 B CN114397199 B CN 114397199B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/26—Investigating twisting or coiling properties
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/0202—Control of the test
- G01N2203/0208—Specific programs of loading, e.g. incremental loading or pre-loading
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0244—Tests performed "in situ" or after "in situ" use
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing torsion resistance of a pile body, and belongs to the field of pile body detection. The testing method for the torsion resistance of the pile body can flexibly build a testing platform according to site conditions, and solves the problem of torsion in-situ testing equipment; simulating deformation characteristics of the pile body under actual specific working conditions through a loading test, and collecting various data in the test process; and finally, determining pile design parameters through data processing. The invention effectively solves the design parameters required by the action of torsional force borne by the pile body, can simply, conveniently and effectively implement the pile body torsion resistance test, is not only suitable for the working condition that the pile end is a free end, but also suitable for the working condition that the pile end is a fixed end, and has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, simple equipment and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of pile body detection, and particularly relates to a method for testing torsion resistance of a pile body.
Background
The pile foundation in-situ test is used for obtaining pile design parameters, so that the pile design scheme is safe, applicable, economical and reasonable. The general pile bodies are frequently subjected to vertical pressure, pulling-up force and horizontal force, the methods related to in-situ load tests of the pile bodies are relatively mature, and the methods are listed in JGJ106-2014 building foundation pile detection technical specifications.
However, some engineered pile foundations are subjected to torsional forces in addition to the three forces described above. For example, the pile foundations and the like of heliostats of a solar power plant are torsionally deformed under wind load or other horizontal load. In order to ensure the stability of the pile body and meet the normal use function of engineering, torsion checking calculation is needed for the pile body foundation, but no mature method for torsion test is available for reference at present. Therefore, it is necessary to study the test method of the torsion resistance test of the pile body.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a testing method for the torsion resistance of a pile body.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a testing method for torsion resistance of a pile body comprises the following steps:
step one, taking two beams or plates with the same structure and with buckles as loading equipment, symmetrically fixing the loading equipment on two sides of a pile body by utilizing the buckles, and fixing a reference frame on the pile body;
the two sides of the pile body are respectively provided with a counterforce device, and the counterforce devices are arranged in central symmetry with respect to the pile body;
the jacks are arranged between the loading equipment and the counter-force device, the jacks at the two sides are arranged in a central symmetry mode by taking the pile body as the center, and the stressing directions of the jacks at the two sides are positioned on the same horizontal plane and are parallel to each other;
mounting a force sensor on the jack to measure torsional load;
the displacement sensor is arranged on a reference frame which is connected with the pile body into a whole to measure the deformation displacement of the reference frame;
step two, testing the torsion static load and the torsion reciprocating load of the pile body, wherein the testing comprises the following steps:
measuring torsion static load by adopting a slow-speed maintenance load method, loading the pile body at one side by step by using jack force, reading deformation displacement at intervals of preset time after each stage of loading, and loading the next stage of load after the deformation displacement is stable; repeating the above process until the pile body is damaged or reaches a loading limit value, unloading the load to zero once, reading the deformation displacement corresponding to the residual deformation, and reading the deformation displacement corresponding to the residual deformation once again at intervals of a preset time period;
the method comprises the steps of performing reciprocating application and measurement of torsional load in a bidirectional loading and unloading mode, reading deformation displacement once per load cycle, unloading to zero after displacement is relatively stable or the number of cycles is reached in a preset period of time, reading deformation displacement corresponding to residual deformation, and reading deformation displacement corresponding to the residual deformation once at intervals of a certain time, so that primary load loading cycle is completed; carrying out the loading cycle for a plurality of times according to the preset load stage to finish the test of one-time reciprocating load;
step three, calculating the torsion resistance performance parameters of the pile body based on the test data
According to the load and the deformation displacement, a load-displacement curve is made, and according to the load-displacement curve and the requirement of engineering on deformation, the limit load is determined;
dividing the single pile torsion limit bearing capacity by the corresponding safety coefficient to obtain a single pile torsion bearing capacity characteristic value.
Further, the limit load in the third step is the load of the previous stage at the abrupt change of the load-displacement curve; the abrupt change of the load-displacement curve is determined by the change value of the slope.
Further, under the condition of a slow load maintaining method, the limit load in the step three is taken as a load corresponding to a starting point of abrupt change generated by a load-displacement curve, and the abrupt change position of the load-displacement curve is determined by utilizing a change value of a slope.
Further, the limit load in the third step is the load of the previous stage of pile body breaking.
Further, the load in the second step is classified to be 1/10-1/15 of the estimated ultimate torsion bearing capacity.
Further, in the second step, if the load has reached the maximum loading value, loading is terminated.
Further, the displacement sensor in the second step is replaced by a dial indicator.
Further, the pile bodies for testing the torsion static load and the torsion reciprocating load of the pile bodies in the second step are more than 3.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the testing method for the torsion resistance of the pile body can flexibly build a testing platform according to site conditions, and solves the problem of torsion in-situ testing equipment; simulating deformation characteristics of the pile body under actual specific working conditions through a loading test, and collecting various data in the test process; and finally, determining pile design parameters through data processing. The invention effectively solves the design parameters required by the action of torsional force borne by the pile body, can simply, conveniently and effectively implement the pile body torsion resistance test, is not only suitable for the working condition that the pile end is a free end, but also suitable for the working condition that the pile end is a fixed end, and has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, simple equipment and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a pile torsion test method;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a pile torsion test platform;
fig. 3 is a front view of the pile torsion test platform.
Wherein: 1-pile body; 2-loading the device; 3-jack; 4-counterforce device.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of the present invention, a method for testing torsion resistance of a pile body, comprising the following steps:
step one: building test platform
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, which are respectively a top view and a front view of a pile torsion test platform, two beams or plates with buckles of the same structure are used as loading equipment 2, the loading equipment 2 is symmetrically fixed on two sides of a pile 1 by using the buckles, and a reference frame is fixed on the pile 1;
the counterforce devices 4 are arranged on the two sides of the pile body 1 in a central symmetry manner, and the counterforce devices 4 can be flexibly selected according to conditions, such as anchor piles and the like; the jacks 3 are arranged between the loading equipment 2 and the counterforce device 4, the jacks 3 on two sides are arranged in a central symmetry manner by taking the pile body 1 as the center, and the stressing centers of the jacks 3 on two sides are positioned on the same horizontal plane and are parallel to each other;
mounting a force sensor on the jack 3 to measure torsional load;
mounting a displacement sensor or a dial indicator on a reference frame connected with the pile body 1 into a whole to measure the displacement of the reference frame, and further calculating the rotation deformation of the pile body 1;
step two, testing the torsion resistance of the pile body
The testing of the torsion resistance of the pile body comprises testing of torsion static load and testing of torsion reciprocating load, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the torsional static load is measured by a slow maintenance load method,
the jack 3 on one side of the pile body 1 is used for outputting and loading step by step, the deformation displacement is read at intervals of preset time after each stage of loading, and the next stage of loading is carried out after the deformation displacement is stable; repeating the above process until the pile body is damaged or reaches a loading limit value, unloading the load to zero once, reading the deformation displacement corresponding to the residual deformation, and reading the deformation displacement corresponding to the residual deformation once again at preset time intervals.
The bidirectional loading and unloading mode is adopted to realize the reciprocating application and measurement of the torsion load, namely, the bidirectional reciprocating loading and unloading of a single load is carried out
The displacement observation is that the load is measured and read once every cycle, and the displacement is relatively stable or reaches the cycle times after maintaining the constant load for a preset time period, the load is unloaded to zero, the deformation displacement corresponding to the residual deformation is read, and the deformation displacement corresponding to the residual deformation is measured and read once again at certain intervals, so that the primary load loading cycle is completed; and carrying out the loading cycle for a plurality of times according to the preset load stage to finish the test of one-time reciprocating load.
And when the load is classified, the load is classified by 1/10 to 1/15 of the estimated ultimate torsion bearing capacity. The loading termination condition is determined based on the trial deformation requirements, and loading can be terminated when one of the following occurs. (1) Under the action of constant load, the deformation displacement is increased sharply; (2) the maximum loading value has been reached; (3) the pile body is broken.
Step three: calculating pile torsion resistance performance parameters based on test data
A load-displacement curve is made according to the load and the deformation displacement, and the limit load is comprehensively determined according to the load-displacement curve and the requirement of engineering on deformation; if the load-displacement curve is obviously abrupt, the load of the previous stage, of which the load-displacement curve is obviously abrupt, can be taken as a limit load; the load-displacement curve is obviously changed abruptly; and determining the obvious abrupt change of the load-displacement curve according to the change value of the slope of the load-displacement curve.
If the load-displacement curve generates obvious abrupt change under the condition of the slow-speed maintenance load method, the load corresponding to the starting point of the obvious abrupt change of the load-displacement curve can be taken as the limit load.
Or taking the load of the previous stage of pile body breaking as the limit load.
When the judgment is difficult according to the method, combining other auxiliary analysis methods to comprehensively judge; when the pile bodies participating in statistics are used for determining the torsion limit bearing capacity of the single pile, the related statistics requirements should be met, for example, the number of the pile bodies is enough and is more than 3.
Dividing the single pile torsion limit bearing capacity by the corresponding safety coefficient to obtain a single pile torsion bearing capacity characteristic value.
The test is performed based on the working condition that the pile end is a free end, and the anti-torsion performance test is also applicable if the pile end is a fixed end, but the vertical load is loaded firstly, and the loading mode can refer to the conventional vertical load test procedure.
The above is only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by this, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The method for testing the torsion resistance of the pile body is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, taking two beams or plates with the same structure and with buckles as loading equipment (2), symmetrically fixing the loading equipment (2) on two sides of a pile body (1) by utilizing the buckles, and fixing a reference frame on the pile body (1);
the two sides of the pile body (1) are respectively provided with a counterforce device (4), and the counterforce devices (4) are distributed in a central symmetry manner relative to the pile body (1);
the jacks (3) are arranged between the loading equipment (2) and the counterforce device (4), the jacks (3) at two sides are arranged in a central symmetry mode by taking the pile body (1) as the center, and the stressing directions of the jacks (3) at two sides are positioned on the same horizontal plane and are parallel to each other;
mounting a force sensor on the jack (3) to measure torsional loads;
the displacement sensor is arranged on a reference frame which is connected with the pile body (1) into a whole to measure the deformation displacement of the reference frame;
step two, testing the torsion static load and the torsion reciprocating load of the pile body (1), wherein the testing is specifically as follows:
the torsion static load is measured by adopting a slow load maintaining method, the jack (3) at one side of the pile body (1) is used for exerting force, the pile body is loaded step by step, the deformation displacement is read at intervals of preset time after each stage of loading, and the next stage of load loading is carried out after the deformation displacement is stable; repeating the above process until the pile body (1) is damaged or reaches a loading limit value, unloading the load to zero once, reading the deformation displacement corresponding to the residual deformation, and reading the deformation displacement corresponding to the residual deformation once again at preset time intervals;
the method comprises the steps of performing reciprocating application and measurement of torsional load in a bidirectional loading and unloading mode, reading deformation displacement once per load cycle, unloading to zero after displacement is relatively stable or the number of cycles is reached in a preset period of time, reading deformation displacement corresponding to residual deformation, and reading deformation displacement corresponding to the residual deformation once at intervals of a certain time, so that primary load loading cycle is completed; carrying out the loading cycle for a plurality of times according to the preset load stage to finish the test of one-time reciprocating load;
step three, a load-displacement curve is made according to the load and the deformation displacement, and the limit load is determined according to the load-displacement curve and the requirement of engineering on deformation;
dividing the single pile torsion limit bearing capacity by a corresponding safety coefficient to obtain a single pile torsion bearing capacity characteristic value;
taking a previous stage load at the abrupt change of the load-displacement curve by the limit load in the third step; the abrupt change of the load-displacement curve is determined by using the change value of the slope; or alternatively
Under the condition of a slow load maintaining method, taking a load corresponding to a starting point of abrupt change of a load-displacement curve by the limit load, and determining the abrupt change position of the load-displacement curve by using a change value of a slope; or alternatively
And step three, the limit load is taken as the load of the previous stage of pile body breakage.
2. The method for testing the torsion resistance of the pile body according to claim 1, wherein the load in the second step is classified by 1/10 to 1/15 of the estimated ultimate torsion bearing capacity.
3. The method for testing torsional properties of a pile according to claim 1, wherein in step two, loading is terminated if the load has reached a maximum loading value.
4. The method for testing torsional property of pile body according to claim 1, wherein the displacement sensor in the first step is replaced with a dial indicator.
5. The method for testing torsional properties of piles according to claim 1, wherein the number of piles (1) subjected to torsional static load and torsional reciprocating load testing in the second step is 3 or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210018697.XA CN114397199B (en) | 2022-01-08 | 2022-01-08 | Pile torsion resistance testing method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210018697.XA CN114397199B (en) | 2022-01-08 | 2022-01-08 | Pile torsion resistance testing method |
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| CN114397199A CN114397199A (en) | 2022-04-26 |
| CN114397199B true CN114397199B (en) | 2023-09-01 |
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2022
- 2022-01-08 CN CN202210018697.XA patent/CN114397199B/en active Active
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| CN114397199A (en) | 2022-04-26 |
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