CN212248406U - Test device for simulating stress characteristic of bridge pier foundation - Google Patents
Test device for simulating stress characteristic of bridge pier foundation Download PDFInfo
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- CN212248406U CN212248406U CN202020777962.9U CN202020777962U CN212248406U CN 212248406 U CN212248406 U CN 212248406U CN 202020777962 U CN202020777962 U CN 202020777962U CN 212248406 U CN212248406 U CN 212248406U
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering landslide model test design monitoring, in particular to a test device for simulating the stress characteristic of a bridge abutment foundation, which comprises a landslide reduced scale model, wherein a bridge abutment foundation and an anti-sliding structure are arranged in the test device, and the anti-sliding structure is arranged between the bridge abutment foundation and the front edge of a landslide; the force loading system is connected with the anti-sliding structure and is used for gradually loading the anti-sliding structure with a pulling force towards one side of the front edge of the landslide; the test device is simple and easy to obtain, process conditions of the test method are controllable, operability is strong, and the relation between the deformation of the soil body at the front edge of the landslide and the deformation of the bridge abutment foundation can be obtained easily.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering landslide model test design monitoring, in particular to a test device for simulating the stress characteristic of a bridge pier foundation.
Background
The bridge pier foundation is a deformation sensitive structure, the deformation characteristics of the bridge pier foundation arranged on a landslide body under different stress conditions are researched, theoretical support can be provided for the reinforcement design of bridge engineering in a landslide range, and the method has indispensable importance, and the scale reduction test is widely applied to the research of pile soil problems due to the advantages of low cost, controllable experimental conditions, strong repeatability and the like.
The traditional landslide model test method mainly carries out loading in two ways: (1) a rainfall system is automatically arranged, and the creep deformation of the landslide is caused by reducing the strength parameter of the landslide soil body; (2) the horizontal deformation of a landslide soil body is simulated by applying load on the rear part of a model, wherein the first test method is difficult to accurately control test conditions and often difficult to achieve expected effects, while the second method is common in the field of landslide research, but generally speaking, a landslide can be divided into a push type landslide and a traction type landslide according to mechanical conditions, different landslide types can also generate different influences on the response characteristics of structures on the landslide, so that the selection of a reinforcing mode of the landslide is influenced, the current loading mode of applying landslide thrust on the rear part of the model through a jack and the like is only suitable for the push type landslide, the traction type landslide is usually unstable at the front edge of the landslide and further causes creep or sliding deformation of the landslide, the existing scale landslide model test technology is not perfect and does not have the function of simulating the stress characteristics of a bridge abutment when the front edge of the landslide is unstable, therefore, the research results of the stress and deformation characteristics of the bridge abutment foundation on the traction-type landslide are extremely deficient.
Therefore, a technical scheme is needed to solve the technical problem that the conventional scale landslide model test device does not have a function of simulating the stress characteristic of the bridge abutment when the front edge of the landslide is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the technical problem that the existing scale landslide model test device does not have the function of simulating the stress characteristic of the bridge abutment when the front edge of the landslide is unstable, the test device capable of simulating the basic stress characteristic of the bridge abutment when the front edge of the landslide is unstable is provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a test device for simulating the stress characteristic of a bridge pier foundation comprises a landslide reduced scale model, wherein a bridge pier foundation and an anti-sliding structure are arranged in the landslide reduced scale model, and the anti-sliding structure is arranged between the bridge pier foundation and the front edge of a landslide; the force loading system is connected with the anti-sliding structure and is used for gradually loading the anti-sliding structure with a pulling force towards one side of the front edge of the landslide; and the test elements are used for monitoring test data of each detection point in the process of the stress of the front edge of the landslide to the instability.
According to the test device for simulating the stress characteristic of the bridge abutment foundation, a force loading system is used for applying a pulling force towards one side of the front edge of the landslide to an anti-skidding structure in a landslide scale model, the continuous change of a traction type landslide in the process from stress to instability of the front edge is truly simulated, the structure is simple and easy to obtain, the test is controllable, the operability is strong, a research foundation is provided for researching the characteristic of the traction type landslide, meanwhile, the relation between the deformation of a soil body at the front edge of the landslide and the deformation of the bridge abutment foundation is easily obtained through continuous monitoring of the response of the bridge abutment foundation in the process from stress to instability of the front edge, and powerful theoretical support is provided for researching the stress characteristic and the deformation characteristic of the bridge abutment foundation in the instability of the front edge of the landslide.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the landslide scale model includes a slide bed, a slide surface, and a slide body filled in layers in a test groove. And truly simulating the structure of the landslide body.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the bridge pier foundation comprises a bearing platform and a plurality of foundation piles arranged below the bearing platform, the anti-sliding structure comprises a plurality of anti-sliding piles, and the anti-sliding piles and the foundation piles are arranged in parallel. And the foundation piles and the anti-slide piles respectively penetrate through the slide bed in the vertical direction and then extend into the slide body.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the force loading system comprises a counterweight table and a connecting piece, one end of the connecting piece is connected with the anti-sliding structure, the other end of the connecting piece extends out of the test groove and is connected with the counterweight table, and a plurality of counterweight blocks are arranged in the counterweight table. The tension applied to the anti-skidding structure by the force loading system can be changed easily by adjusting the balancing weight, the stress characteristic of the anti-skidding structure in the process from the moment to the moment of instability of the front edge of the landslide under different stress levels is simulated accurately, and the deformation characteristic of the instability of the soil body at the front edge of the landslide is obtained.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the test device further comprises a bracket assembly which can move along the height direction of the test slot, and the connecting piece is erected on the bracket assembly. The direction of the pulling force applied to the anti-skidding structure by the force loading system can be changed easily by adjusting the bracket component, so that the deformation characteristics of the soil body at the front edge of the landslide from the stress to the instability process in different pulling force states can be obtained through accurate simulation.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the bracket assembly includes a supporting frame and a fixed pulley mechanism disposed on the supporting frame, and the connecting member is disposed on the fixed pulley mechanism.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the test element comprises a plurality of horizontal displacement meters which are arranged on the front edge of the landslide and/or on the anti-skid structure and/or on the bearing platform; the soil pressure gauges are vertically distributed in the landslide reduced scale model around the foundation pile at intervals; and the strain gauges are symmetrically distributed on the surface of the foundation pile. The horizontal displacement meter is used for monitoring the horizontal displacement change condition of each detection point in the force loading process, the soil pressure gauge is used for monitoring the change quantity of the horizontal soil pressure around the bridge pier foundation in the force loading process, and the strain gauge is used for monitoring the stress characteristic of the foundation pile in the force loading process.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the test device for simulating the stress characteristic of the bridge pier foundation has the beneficial effects that:
1. the force loading system is used for applying a pulling force towards one side of the front edge of the landslide to the anti-skidding structure in the landslide scale model, so that the continuous change of the traction type landslide from the stress to the instability of the front edge is simulated really, the structure is simple and easy to obtain, the test is controllable, the operability is strong, and a research basis is provided for researching the characteristics of the traction type landslide;
2. by monitoring the continuity of the response of the bridge abutment foundation in the process of the instability of the traction-type landslide from stress to the front edge, the relation between the deformation of the soil body at the front edge of the landslide and the deformation of the bridge abutment foundation can be easily obtained, and powerful theoretical support is provided for researching the stress characteristic and the deformation characteristic of the bridge abutment foundation when the front edge of the landslide is unstable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a test device for simulating the stress characteristics of a bridge pier foundation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the test method described in example 1.
Icon: 1-landslide scale model, 11-sliding bed, 12-sliding surface, 13-sliding body, 2-anti-sliding structure, 3-bridge pier foundation, 31-bearing platform, 32-foundation pile, 4-landslide leading edge, 5-force loading system, 51-counterweight platform, 52-connecting piece, 53-counterweight block, 6-bracket component, 61-supporting frame, 62-fixed pulley mechanism, 7-horizontal displacement meter, 8-soil pressure meter, 9-strain gauge and 10-test groove.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, a test device for simulating stress characteristics of a bridge abutment foundation comprises a landslide reduced scale model 1, wherein a bridge abutment foundation 3 and an anti-sliding structure 2 are arranged in the landslide reduced scale model, and the anti-sliding structure 2 is arranged between the bridge abutment foundation 3 and a landslide front edge 4; the force loading system 5 is connected with the anti-skid structure 2 and is used for gradually loading the anti-skid structure 2 with a pulling force towards one side of the landslide front edge 4; and the test elements are used for monitoring test data of each detection point in the process of the stress to the instability of the landslide front edge 4.
According to the test device for simulating the stress characteristic of the bridge abutment foundation, a force towards the side of the front edge 4 of the landslide is applied to the anti-skidding structure 2 in the landslide scale model 1 through the force loading system 5, the continuous change of the traction type landslide in the process from stress to instability of the front edge is truly simulated, the structure is simple and easy to obtain, the test is controllable, the operability is strong, a research foundation is provided for researching the characteristics of the traction type landslide, meanwhile, the relation between the deformation of the soil body at the front edge of the landslide and the deformation of the bridge abutment foundation 3 is easily obtained through the continuous monitoring of the response of the bridge abutment foundation 3 in the process from stress to instability of the front edge, and powerful theoretical support is provided for researching the stress characteristic and the deformation characteristic of the bridge abutment foundation 3 when the front edge of the landslide is unstable.
Specifically, the landslide scale model 1 comprises a slide bed 11, a sliding surface 12 and a sliding body 13 which are filled in a test groove 10 in a layered mode, and a landslide structure is truly simulated; the method comprises the following steps that a bridge pier foundation 3 is buried in the middle of a landslide reduced scale model 1, an anti-sliding structure 2 is buried between the bridge pier foundation 3 and a landslide front edge 4, the bridge pier foundation 3 comprises a bearing platform 31 and a plurality of rows of foundation piles 32 arranged below the bearing platform 31, the anti-sliding structure 2 comprises a row of anti-sliding piles arranged in the same direction as the rows of foundation piles 32, the foundation piles 31 and the anti-sliding piles penetrate through a sliding bed 11 in the vertical direction and then extend into a sliding body 13, and the structure of the bridge pier landslide is simulated really; by connecting the force loading system 5 with the top of the slide-resistant pile, the slide-resistant pile gradually applies pulling force towards the front edge 4 of the landslide, so that the landslide scale model 1 has the soil instability condition of the front edge of the landslide under the action of the pulling force, truly simulating the deformation condition of the instability of the soil body at the front edge of the bridge abutment landslide caused by the failure of the anti-skid structure 2, by monitoring the response characteristic of the bridge abutment foundation 3 in the process, the relation between the deformation of the soil body of the landslide front edge 4 and the deformation of the bridge abutment foundation 3 can be easily obtained, a test device with strong operability and controllable test conditions is provided for researching the stress and deformation characteristics of the bridge abutment foundation 3 when the landslide front edge 4 is unstable, the distribution positions of the bearing platform 31 and the row of foundation piles 32 below the bearing platform can be adjusted according to the actual structure of the bridge pier foundation 3, so that the parameters obtained in the test can directly guide the actual engineering application.
Preferably, the test element comprises a plurality of horizontal displacement meters 7, arranged on the leading edge 4 of the landslide and/or on the anti-skid structure 2 and/or on the bearing platform 31; the soil pressure gauges 8 are vertically distributed in the landslide reduced scale model 1 around the foundation pile 32 at intervals; and the strain gauges 9 are symmetrically distributed on the surface of the foundation pile 32.
Specifically, a horizontal displacement meter 7 is arranged on the landslide front edge 4, the top of the anti-skid structure 2 and the bearing platform 31 to monitor the horizontal displacement change condition of each detection point in the force loading process.
Specifically, soil pressure gauges 8 are distributed around foundation piles 32 of the bridge abutment foundation 3, and a plurality of soil pressure gauges 8 are arranged in the landslide along the vertical direction and are arranged at intervals with the foundation piles 32 so as to monitor the variation of the horizontal soil pressure around the bridge abutment foundation 3 in the force loading process, and preferably the number of the soil pressure gauges 8 arranged is increased near the sliding surface 12 so as to obtain the deformation characteristic of the sliding surface 12 in the instability process of the front edge 4 of the landslide.
Specifically, at least two rows of strain gauges 9 are arranged on the surface of the same foundation pile 32 in a symmetrical distribution mode, and the stress and deformation characteristics of the foundation pile 32 in the force loading process are accurately monitored.
Preferably, the force loading system 5 includes a counterweight table 51 and a connecting member 52, one end of the connecting member 52 is connected to the anti-skid structure 2, the other end of the connecting member extends to the outside of the test tank 10 and is connected to the counterweight table 51, and a plurality of counterweight blocks 53 are disposed in the counterweight table 51.
Specifically, the connecting member 52 is a steel rope, one end of the connecting member 52 is connected with a steel member, the steel member can be slidably sleeved on the top of the anti-slide pile, the connecting member 52 extends out of the test tank 10 along the horizontal direction, is erected on the support member 6 arranged on the test tank 10, the other end of the connecting member is connected with the counterweight table 51, a plurality of counterweight blocks 53 are arranged in the counterweight table 51 in a matching manner, the support member 6 comprises a support frame 61 capable of adjusting the height along the height direction of the test tank 10 and a fixed pulley mechanism 62 arranged on the support frame 61, so that the position of the support frame 61 is adjusted, the horizontal state of the connecting member 52 positioned in the inner side part of the test tank 10 is maintained, the integrity and the consistency of the stress deformation of the anti-slide structure 2 in the force loading process are ensured, and meanwhile, the testing device can specifically adjust the tension direction of each force loading system 5 according to, the authenticity of the test result is ensured, and the deformation characteristics of soil bodies at the front edges of different landslides in the process from stress to instability under different tension states and the response characteristics of the bridge abutment foundation 3 are obtained through accurate simulation.
Specifically, the test method for simulating the stress characteristic of the bridge pier foundation by using the test device of the embodiment comprises the following steps: s1: designing a scale model: determining a similar scale of the landslide reduced scale model 1 through similar design, and performing material preparation; s2: preparing a reduced scale model: filling and establishing a bridge pier landslide reduced scale model comprising a landslide reduced scale model 1, a bridge pier foundation 3, an anti-skidding structure 2 and a test element in a test groove 10 in a layered mode; s3: force loading system setup: the force loading system 5 comprises a counterweight table 51 and a connecting piece 52, wherein the counterweight table 51 is connected with the anti-skid structure 2 through the connecting piece 52 and is used for applying a pulling force towards one side of the landslide leading edge 4 to the anti-skid structure 2; s4: connecting a test element: connecting a test element with an acquisition instrument, wherein the test element comprises a plurality of horizontal displacement meters 7, a plurality of soil pressure meters 8 and a plurality of strain gauges 9; s5: and (3) determining test load: estimating the maximum test load according to the horizontal limit bearing capacity of the anti-skid structure 2, and dividing the maximum test load into a plurality of loading levels through calculation; s6: loading test load: according to the loading stage, gradually increasing the tensile force applied to the anti-skid structure 2 by the force loading system until the maximum test load is loaded; s7: and (3) test data statistics: the method has the advantages that test data collected by the test elements are counted, the instability process of the front edge 4 of the landslide is simulated by adopting a step-by-step tension loading mode, the relation between the soil deformation of the front edge 4 of the landslide and the deformation of the abutment foundation of the bridge is obtained, research conditions are provided for the research of the traction type landslide, the research on the stress and deformation characteristics of the abutment foundation 3 of the bridge when the front edge 4 of the landslide on the traction type landslide is unstable is facilitated, the test device is simple in structure and easy to prepare and obtain, the test process conditions are controllable, the operability is strong, and powerful support is provided for the research on the stress characteristics of the abutment foundation 3 of the bridge when the front.
Preferably, during the test, similar design is carried out according to the test conditions and the research purpose, the similar scale of the landslide scale model 1 is determined, the bridge pier foundation 3 and the anti-sliding structure 2 are prefabricated, the strain gauge 9 is adhered and arranged on the prefabricated bridge pier foundation 3 and the anti-sliding structure 2, the preparation of a test device is completed, the landslide scale model 1 is filled in the test groove 10 in a layered mode, a plurality of soil pressure gauges 8 are buried in the model in the filling process, the bridge pier landslide scale model capable of simulating the traction type landslide is built, after the model is built, the top of the anti-sliding structure 2 is connected with the counter weight table 51 through the connecting piece 52, the connecting piece 52 in the test groove 10 is adjusted to be in a horizontal state, the counter weight table 51 can apply horizontal tension towards the side of the front edge 4 of the landslide to the anti-sliding structure 2, the setting of the force loading system 5 is completed, and then the test element is connected into the acquisition instrument, after zero setting calibration is carried out, according to the loading stages obtained through pre-calculation, the number of the counter weights 53 in the counter weight table 51 is adjusted, the horizontal tension applied to the anti-skid structure 2 by the counter weight table 51 is increased step by step, preferably ten steps are carried out, stable test data measured after each loading stage is applied are collected until the loading is finished, and relevant test data are collected to finish the test.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A test device for simulating the stress characteristic of a bridge pier foundation is characterized by comprising a landslide reduced scale model (1), wherein a bridge pier foundation (3) and an anti-sliding structure (2) are arranged in the landslide reduced scale model, and the anti-sliding structure (2) is arranged between the bridge pier foundation (3) and a landslide front edge (4); the force loading system (5) is connected with the anti-skid structure (2) and is used for gradually loading the anti-skid structure (2) with a pulling force towards one side of the landslide front edge (4); and the test elements are used for monitoring test data of each detection point in the process that the front edge (4) of the landslide is stressed to be unstable.
2. The test device for simulating the stress characteristics of the bridge pier foundation according to claim 1, wherein the landslide scale model (1) comprises a sliding bed (11), a sliding surface (12) and a sliding body (13) which are filled in the test groove (10) in a layered mode.
3. The test device for simulating the stress characteristics of the bridge pier foundation according to claim 1, wherein the bridge pier foundation (3) comprises a bearing platform (31) and a plurality of foundation piles (32) arranged below the bearing platform (31), the anti-sliding structure (2) comprises a plurality of anti-sliding piles, and the anti-sliding piles are arranged in parallel with the foundation piles (32).
4. The test device for simulating the stress characteristic of the bridge pier foundation according to claim 2, wherein the force loading system (5) comprises a counterweight table (51) and a connecting piece (52), one end of the connecting piece (52) is connected with the anti-sliding structure (2), the other end of the connecting piece extends out of the test groove (10) and is connected with the counterweight table (51), and a plurality of counterweight blocks (53) are arranged in the counterweight table (51).
5. The test device for simulating the stress characteristics of the bridge pier foundation according to claim 4, further comprising a bracket assembly (6), wherein the bracket assembly (6) can move along the height direction of the test slot (10), and the connecting member (52) is erected on the bracket assembly (6).
6. The test device for simulating the stress characteristics of the bridge pier foundation according to claim 5, wherein the bracket assembly (6) comprises a support frame (61) and a fixed pulley mechanism (62) arranged on the support frame (61), and the connecting member (52) is erected on the fixed pulley mechanism (62).
7. A test device for simulating the stress characteristics of a bridge pier foundation according to claim 3, wherein the test elements comprise a plurality of horizontal displacement meters (7) arranged on the leading edge (4) of the landslide and/or on the anti-skid structure (2) and/or on the bearing platform (31); the soil pressure gauges (8) are vertically distributed in the landslide reduced scale model (1) around the foundation pile (32) at intervals; the strain gauges (9) are symmetrically distributed on the surface of the foundation pile (32).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113605470A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-11-05 | 湖北省交通规划设计院股份有限公司 | Test device and test method for simulating slope pile filling-pile foundation model |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113605470A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-11-05 | 湖北省交通规划设计院股份有限公司 | Test device and test method for simulating slope pile filling-pile foundation model |
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