CN114396433B

CN114396433B - Clutch device, left-right clutch brake device and gearbox

Info

Publication number: CN114396433B
Application number: CN202210081319.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢守勇; 王鹏; 孙玉华
Original assignee: Southwest University
Current assignee: Southwest University
Priority date: 2022-01-24
Filing date: 2022-01-24
Publication date: 2024-07-26
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-24
Also published as: CN114396433A

Abstract

The invention discloses a clutch device, which comprises a limiting seat, an outer sleeve and a movable sleeve; the limiting seat comprises an annular bottom, the outer edge of the annular bottom vertically extends to form an outer ring, the middle part of the annular bottom vertically extends to form an inner ring, and an open sliding cavity is formed between the inner ring and the outer ring; the movable sleeve comprises a cylinder body, a convex annular jacking block is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of one end of the cylinder body, an annular clamping groove is formed in the outer wall of the other end of the cylinder body, and a baffle ring is clamped in the annular clamping groove; the end part of the annular ejector block, which is close to the cylinder body, is an arc surface or an inclined surface, and a limiting convex ring is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body; a limiting seat is movably inscribed in the outer sleeve, and a movable sleeve is inserted in a sliding cavity of the limiting seat and is close to one end of the annular top block; the spline hole of the inner ring is internally connected with a spline shaft, and the spline shaft is in running fit with the limiting convex ring and the transmission piece. The invention solves the technical problem of providing a limit seat, an outer sleeve, a clutch device, a left clutch brake device, a right clutch brake device and a gearbox, wherein the limit seat is difficult to slip, is thoroughly separated and has more stable brake.

Description

Clutch device, left-right clutch brake device and gearbox

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of motor vehicle gearboxes, in particular to a clutch device, a left clutch brake device, a right clutch brake device and a gearbox.

Background

The tractor is the main agricultural power machine, and the gearbox is the transmission core. The gear box of the tractor is generally composed of a gear box body, a transmission mechanism, an operating mechanism, a clutch and the like.

Clutches are very important devices in gearboxes, and the clutches utilize friction between driving and driven members through an operating mechanism to enable an engine to be temporarily separated from and gradually engaged with the gearboxes for power transmission. The domestic clutch generally adopts a friction clutch, and the power is transmitted by virtue of the friction force between the contact surfaces of the friction clutch and the domestic clutch. When sufficient pressure is provided to compress the driven member against the driving member, engine power is transmitted through the driving member to the driven member due to friction between the contact surfaces of the driving and driven members. When the pressing force is removed and the driving and driven members are out of contact, the power of the engine cannot be transmitted to the driven members. Therefore, in order to achieve a good power transmission, the clutch is required to transmit the maximum torque transmitted by the engine without slipping during the operation of the tractor, and to be quickly and thoroughly disengaged.

On the other hand, the existing tractor has insufficient gear and the power cannot be fully utilized; the free stroke of the clutch is changed, the stroke is too large, the clutch is not completely separated, the gear shifting is difficult, and the driven disc is worn; meanwhile, the free stroke of the clutch is too small, the clutch cannot be completely engaged, power cannot be completely transmitted to the transmission, and the vehicle cannot run powerlessly. The clutch is not completely separated and slipped, and when the tractor starts, the clutch pedal is completely released, the tractor can not advance, and the engine is not flameout, so that the clutch slips.

Tractor gearboxes can be broadly classified into three types, i.e., manual gearboxes, load shifting gearboxes, and automatic gearboxes, according to the manner of shifting. The manual gearbox has the advantages of simple processing structure, high transmission efficiency and poor steering and gear shifting performance; the automatic gearbox has the advantages of good transmission performance and steering gear shifting performance, high manufacturing cost and complex structure, and the performance of the automatic gearbox is opposite to that of a manual gearbox; the load-shifting gearbox is interposed between the two. Therefore, development of a gearbox which is simple in structure, high in transmission efficiency, good in steering gear shifting performance and low in manufacturing cost becomes a research target.

Therefore, those skilled in the art are dedicated to develop a clutch device, a left-right clutch brake device and a gearbox which are not easy to slip and thoroughly separate and have smoother braking.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the invention discloses a clutch device, a left and right clutch brake device and a gearbox, and aims to solve the technical problem of providing a clutch device, a left and right clutch brake device and a gearbox which are not easy to slip and thoroughly separate and have more stable braking.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a limiting seat, which comprises an annular bottom, wherein the outer edge of the annular bottom extends vertically to form an outer ring, through holes uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are formed in the outer ring, and balls are slidably arranged in the through holes; the middle part of annular bottom perpendicularly extends has the inner ring, enclose into open smooth chamber between inner ring and the outer loop, the hole of inner ring is the splined hole.

The invention also provides an outer sleeve, which comprises a cylinder body, wherein a plurality of ribs which are uniformly distributed along the axial direction are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body. Through the design of the convex edges, after the balls in the limiting seat enter the space between the convex edges, the balls enable the relative rotation connection between the limiting seat and the outer sleeve to be relatively fixed connection, namely the rotation of the outer sleeve can drive the limiting seat inside the outer sleeve to rotate.

The invention also provides a movable sleeve, which comprises a cylinder body, wherein a convex annular jacking block is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of one end of the cylinder body, an annular clamping groove is formed in the outer wall of the other end of the cylinder body, and a baffle ring is clamped in the annular clamping groove; the end part of the annular jacking block, which is close to the cylinder body, is an arc surface or an inclined surface, and a limiting convex ring is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body. One end of the annular top block of the movable sleeve is used for being matched and butted into the sliding cavity of the limiting seat, and along with the movement of the movable sleeve in the sliding cavity, the state of the ball is supported or not supported by the annular top block, and the arc surface or the inclined surface of the annular top block enables the rolling movement to be smoother.

The invention also provides a clutch device which comprises the limiting seat, an outer sleeve and a movable sleeve; the gear is fixedly sleeved outside the outer sleeve, a transmission piece is fixedly and internally connected in the outer sleeve, the limit seat is movably and internally connected in the outer sleeve, and one end, close to the annular jacking block, of the movable sleeve is inserted in a sliding cavity of the limit seat; and a spline shaft is connected in the spline hole of the inner ring, and the spline shaft is in running fit with the limiting convex ring and the transmission piece. The transmission member may be a bearing, and the inner and outer rings of the bearing are respectively connected with the spline shaft and the outer sleeve.

The clutch device serves to transmit power transmitted from the gear to the spline shaft or cut power. The specific working process is that when power is required to be transmitted, the movable sleeve moves to the limiting seat, the balls move to the annular ejector block, the balls are in a working state at the moment, the radial distance between the balls and the spline shaft is the largest, and the balls can be attached to concave grooves between convex edges of the outer sleeve at the moment. The rotation of the outer sleeve is transmitted to the ball limiting seat through the balls, and the ball limiting seat drives the spline shaft to rotate, so that power transmitted by the gear is output. When the power is required to be cut off, the movable sleeve moves to a direction away from the limiting seat, the balls slide down from the annular ejector block, the radial distance between the balls and the spline shaft is minimum, the balls are separated from the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and the limiting seat does not rotate along with the rotation of the outer sleeve, so that the power is cut off. Through the clutch device, the purpose of clutch is achieved, and the clutch process is smoother and smoother.

The invention also provides a left-right clutch brake device, which comprises two clutch devices, wherein the two clutch devices share one set of gear, an outer sleeve and a transmission piece, the gear is an output gear, the spline shaft is an output shaft, the output gear and the transmission piece are arranged in the middle of the outer sleeve, and the two movable sleeves are symmetrically arranged relative to the transmission piece.

Preferably, in the left and right clutch brake device provided by the invention, one ends of the two output shafts far away from the movable sleeve are fixedly sleeved with the speed reduction seat, the output shafts are sleeved with springs, and two ends of each spring respectively prop against the limiting convex rings and the inside of the speed reduction seat; one side of the speed reducing seat, which is close to the movable sleeve, is provided with a squeezing sheet, and a plurality of clutch plates and steel plates are arranged outside the speed reducing seat. In the left-right clutch brake device, the transmission part is an annular block, the periphery of the annular block is provided with a groove tightly matched with the convex rib, and a hole in the middle of the annular block is in running fit with the output shaft.

When the movable sleeve moves a certain distance to the side far away from the mounting seat, the left clutch brake device and the right clutch brake device can compress the spring, so that the extrusion sheet is displaced to one side of the speed reduction seat, the friction force between the clutch sheet and the steel plate is forced to be increased, and the output shaft is rapidly decelerated and stops rotating under the action of friction force. Through controlling the integrative design of separation and reunion brake, the clutch who adopts is difficult for skidding and separates thoroughly again, controls separation and reunion brake, and the homeopathic brake after the separation and reunion for the braking process is short in response time not only, and the brake is steady.

The invention also provides a gearbox, which comprises the left clutch brake device and the right clutch brake device, and also comprises a speed change gear set, wherein the speed change gear set is provided with a clutch device and a joint sleeve; the left clutch brake device, the right clutch brake device and the speed change gear set are arranged outside a shell, and the output shaft is in running fit with the shell; the shell is provided with a plurality of electric cabinets, a plurality of shifting forks which are correspondingly connected with each electric cabinet are arranged in the shell, and the shifting forks are clamped on the corresponding movable sleeves or the corresponding joint sleeves.

Preferably, the speed change gear set comprises an input shaft, a transmission shaft, a first speed change shaft, a second speed change shaft and a bridge shaft, and the input shaft, the transmission shaft, the first speed change shaft, the second speed change shaft and the bridge shaft are all in rotary connection with the shell; the clutch device is arranged on the transmission shaft, and a first joint sleeve and a second joint sleeve are sleeved on the first speed changing shaft; the electric control box comprises a first electric control box, a second electric control box, a third electric control box, a fourth electric control box and a fifth electric control box, and the shifting forks corresponding to the electric control boxes comprise a first shifting fork, a second shifting fork, a third shifting fork, a fourth shifting fork and a fifth shifting fork; the first shifting fork is clamped on a movable sleeve on the transmission shaft, the second shifting fork and the third shifting fork are respectively clamped on the second joint sleeve and the first joint sleeve, and the fourth shifting fork and the fifth shifting fork are respectively clamped on the movable sleeve on the output shaft.

Through the design of electric cabinet, can realize long-range gear shifting, separation and reunion, brake etc. through five electric cabinets the gesture of five shift forks in the control transmission respectively to realize the different functions of gearbox. The electric control gearbox does not need an operator to be positioned nearby the gearbox all the time, is applied to agricultural machinery, is flexible and convenient to operate, can reduce the working intensity of workers to a greater extent, and improves the working environment.

Preferably, an input gear is fixedly arranged on the input shaft, a first transmission gear and a second transmission gear are arranged on the transmission shaft, and the input gear is meshed with the first transmission gear; the first transmission gear is fixedly connected with an outer sleeve on the transmission shaft, and the second transmission gear is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft; the first speed changing shaft and the second speed changing shaft are spline shafts, and spline shaft holes which are in sliding fit with the spline shafts are formed in the second joint sleeve and the first joint sleeve.

Preferably, a third transmission gear is fixedly sleeved on the first speed changing shaft in sequence, a first-gear speed changing gear, a second-gear speed changing gear, a third-gear speed changing gear and a reverse-gear speed changing gear are movably sleeved on the first speed changing shaft, and the third transmission gear is meshed with the second transmission gear; the first engagement sleeve and the second engagement sleeve are respectively sleeved on the first speed changing shaft between the first-gear speed changing gear and the second-gear speed changing gear and between the third-gear speed changing gear and the reverse-gear speed changing gear.

The first gear transmission gear is meshed with the first gear speed change gear, the second gear transmission gear is meshed with the second gear speed change gear, the third gear transmission gear is meshed with the third gear speed change gear, and the output gear is meshed with the second gear transmission gear. A carrier gear is arranged at one end of the carrier shaft, and the carrier gear is respectively meshed with the reverse gear speed change gear and the reverse gear transmission gear; the carrier gear, i.e. the transition gear, does not affect the gear ratio of the reverse speed gear and the reverse transmission gear, and simultaneously makes the steering directions of the reverse speed gear and the reverse transmission gear the same.

Through the design of the clutch device on the transmission shaft and the output shaft, the whole gearbox is simple in structure, small in whole size and capable of smoothly realizing multi-gear speed change.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

Through the design of spacing seat, the ball can slide in the through-hole under the effect of external force to realize the change of ball position, realize connecting in the disconnection. The spline hole on the inner ring is axially matched with the spline, so that the circumferential fixation of the spline shaft and the limiting seat is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a limiting seat according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the outer sleeve of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the movable sleeve of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the clutch device of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the left and right clutch brake apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the outer structure of the left and right clutch brake device of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a transmission member of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the transmission of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the transmission of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic exterior construction of the transmission of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a partial schematic view of a speed change gearset of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a partial schematic view of a speed change gearset of the present invention.

In the above figures: 1. an input shaft; 11. an input gear; 2. a transmission shaft; 21. a first transmission gear; 22. a second transmission gear; 3. a first shift shaft; 31. a first gear speed change gear; 311. a first joint sleeve; 312. a second joint sleeve; 32. a second gear speed change gear; 33. three-gear speed change gear; 34. reverse gear speed change gear; 35. a third transmission gear; 4. a second shift shaft; 41. a first gear transmission gear; 42. a second gear transmission gear; 43. three-gear transmission gears; 44. reverse gear transmission gear; 5. a bridge shaft; 51. a carrier gear; 6. an output shaft; 61. an output gear; 62. a speed reducing seat; 63. a spring; 64. extruding the sheet; 65. a clutch plate; 66. a steel plate; 71. a first electric control box; 711. a first fork; 72. a second electric control box; 721. a second fork; 73. a third electric cabinet; 731. a third fork; 74. a fourth electric cabinet; 741. a fourth fork; 75. a fifth electric cabinet; 751. a fifth fork; 8. a clutch device; 81. a limit seat; 811. an annular bottom; 812. an outer ring; 813. a ball; 814. an inner ring; 815. a sliding cavity; 82. an outer sleeve; 821. a cylinder; 822. a rib; 83. a movable sleeve; 831. a barrel body; 832. an annular ejector block; 833. a baffle ring; 834. a limit convex ring; 835. a transmission member; 9. a housing.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples, and it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific manner, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a limiting seat 81, which comprises an annular bottom 811, wherein the outer edge of the annular bottom 811 vertically extends to form an outer ring 812, the outer ring 812 is provided with through holes uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and balls 813 are slidably arranged in the through holes; an inner ring 814 extends vertically from the middle of the annular bottom 811, an open sliding cavity 815 is defined between the inner ring 814 and the outer ring 812, and an inner hole of the inner ring 814 is a splined hole. Through the design of spacing seat 81, ball 813 can slide in the through-hole under the effect of external force to realize the change of ball 813 position, realize with the connection and disconnection of its matched part. The splined hole on the inner ring 814 cooperates with the spline shaft to ensure circumferential fixation of the spline shaft and the limit seat 81.

As shown in fig. 2, the present invention further provides an outer sleeve 82, which includes a cylinder 821, and a plurality of ribs 822 that are uniformly distributed along the axial direction are provided on the inner wall of the cylinder 821, and in this embodiment, the number of ribs 822 is three. Through the design of the convex edges 822, after the balls 813 in the limiting seat 81 enter the space between the convex edges 822, the balls 813 enable the relative rotation connection between the limiting seat 81 and the outer sleeve 82 to be relatively fixed connection, namely, the rotation of the outer sleeve 82 can drive the limiting seat 81 inside the outer sleeve to rotate.

As shown in fig. 3, the present invention further provides a movable sleeve 83, which includes a barrel 831, wherein a protruding annular top block 832 is fixedly disposed on an outer wall of one end of the barrel 831, an annular clamping groove is disposed on an outer wall of the other end of the barrel 831, and a blocking ring 833 is disposed in the annular clamping groove. The end of the annular top block 832 close to the barrel 831 is an arc surface or an inclined surface, and a limiting convex ring 834 is arranged on the inner wall of the barrel 831. One end of the annular top block 832 of the movable sleeve 83 is used for being matched and butted in the sliding cavity 815 of the limiting seat 81, and along with the movement of the movable sleeve 83 in the sliding cavity 815, the state of the ball 813 is supported or not supported by the annular top block 832, and the arc surface or inclined surface of the annular top block 832 enables the movement of the ball 813 to be smoother.

As shown in fig. 4, the present invention further provides a clutch device 8, which comprises the above limiting seat 81, an outer sleeve 82 and a movable sleeve 83. The gear is fixedly sleeved outside the outer sleeve 82, a transmission piece 835 is fixedly inscribed in the outer sleeve 82, a limiting seat 81 is movably inscribed in the outer sleeve 82, and one end, close to the annular top block 832, of the movable sleeve 83 is inserted into a sliding cavity 815 of the limiting seat 81; the splined bore of inner ring 814 receives a splined shaft that is in rotational engagement with a stop collar 834 and a driving member 835. The transmission 835 may be a bearing with inner and outer races connected to the spline shaft and outer sleeve 82, respectively.

The clutch device 8 functions to transmit power transmitted from the gear to the spline shaft or cut power. The specific working process is that when power is required to be transmitted, the movable sleeve 83 moves to the limiting seat 81, the balls 813 move to the annular top block 832, the balls 813 are in a working state, the radial distance between the balls 813 and the spline shaft is the largest, and the balls 813 can be attached to the concave parts between the convex edges 822 of the outer sleeve 82. The rotation of the outer sleeve 82 is transmitted to the limiting seat 81 through the balls 813, and the limiting seat 81 drives the spline shaft to rotate, so that power transmitted by the gear is output. When the power is required to be cut off, the movable sleeve 83 moves to a direction away from the limit seat 81, the balls 813 slide down from the annular top blocks 832, at this time, the radial distance between the balls 813 and the spline shaft is minimum, at this time, the balls 813 are separated from the inner wall of the outer sleeve 82, and the limit seat 81 does not rotate along with the rotation of the outer sleeve 82, so that the power is cut off. By the clutch device 8, the purpose of clutch is achieved, and the clutch process is smoother and smoother.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the present invention further provides a left-right clutch brake device, which includes two clutch devices 8 as above, where the two clutch devices 8 share a set of gears, an outer sleeve 82 and a transmission member 835, the gears are output gears 61, the spline shafts are output shafts 6, and the two output shafts 6 are a left output shaft and a right output shaft respectively. The output gear 61 and the transmission member 835 are mounted in the middle of the outer sleeve 82, and the two movable sleeves 83 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the transmission member 835.

Specifically, in the left and right clutch brake device provided by the invention, one ends of two output shafts 6 far away from a movable sleeve 83 are fixedly sleeved with a speed reduction seat 62, the output shafts 6 are sleeved with springs 63, and two ends of each spring 63 respectively prop against the limiting convex rings 834 and the inside of the speed reduction seat 62. The side of the speed reducing seat 62, which is close to the movable sleeve 83, is provided with a squeezing piece 64, holes and spaces for accommodating the springs 63 are formed in the squeezing piece 64 and the speed reducing seat 62, and one end of the movable sleeve 83 is in contact with the squeezing piece 64. The speed reducing seat 62 is externally provided with a plurality of clutch plates 65 and a steel plate 66. As shown in fig. 7, in the left and right clutch brake device, the transmission member 835 is an annular block, and a groove tightly matching with the rib 822 is provided on the outer periphery of the annular block, and a hole in the middle of the annular block is in running fit with the output shaft 6.

With the left and right clutch brake device of the present invention, when the movable sleeve 83 moves a certain distance to the side far away from the limit seat 81, the spring 63 is compressed, so that the squeeze sheet 64 is displaced to the side of the speed reduction seat 62, and the friction force between the clutch sheet 65 and the steel plate 66 is forced to be increased, so that the output shaft 6 is rapidly decelerated and stopped under the action of friction force. Through the integrative design of left and right separation and reunion brake, clutch 8 that adopts is difficult for skidding and separates thoroughly again, left and right separation and reunion brake, the homeopathic brake after the separation and reunion for the braking process is short in response time not only, and the brake is steady.

As shown in fig. 8 to 10, the invention also provides a gearbox, which comprises the left and right clutch brake devices and a speed change gear set, wherein the speed change gear set is provided with a clutch device 8 and an engagement sleeve; a shell 9 is arranged outside the left clutch brake device, the right clutch brake device and the speed change gear set, and the output shaft 6 is in running fit with the shell 9; the shell 9 is provided with a plurality of electric cabinets, a plurality of shifting forks which are correspondingly connected with each electric cabinet are arranged in the shell 9, and the shifting forks are clamped on the corresponding movable sleeves 83 or the joint sleeves.

In detail, the speed change gear set includes an input shaft 1, a transmission shaft 2, a first speed change shaft 3, a second speed change shaft 4 and a bridge shaft 5, and the input shaft 1, the transmission shaft 2, the first speed change shaft 3, the second speed change shaft 4 and the bridge shaft 5 are rotatably connected with a housing 9. The transmission shaft 2 is provided with a clutch device 8, and the first speed change shaft 3 is sleeved with a first joint sleeve 311 and a second joint sleeve 312; the electric cabinets include a first electric cabinet 71, a second electric cabinet 72, a third electric cabinet 73, a fourth electric cabinet 74, and a fifth electric cabinet 75, and the forks corresponding to the electric cabinets include a first fork 711, a second fork 721, a third fork 731, a fourth fork 741, and a fifth fork 751. The first shifting fork 711 is clamped on the movable sleeve 83 on the transmission shaft 2, the second shifting fork 721 and the third shifting fork 731 are respectively clamped on the second joint sleeve 312 and the first joint sleeve 311, and the fourth shifting fork 741 and the fifth shifting fork 751 are respectively clamped on the movable sleeve 83 on the output shaft 6.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, an input gear 11 is fixed on the input shaft 1, a first transmission gear 21 and a second transmission gear 22 are provided on the transmission shaft 2, and the input gear 11 is meshed with the first transmission gear 21. The first transmission gear 21 is fixedly connected with an outer sleeve 82 on the transmission shaft 2, and the second transmission gear 22 is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft 2. The first speed changing shaft 3 and the second speed changing shaft 4 are spline shafts, and spline shaft holes which are in sliding fit with the spline shafts are formed in the second joint sleeve 312 and the first joint sleeve 311.

As shown in fig. 11, the first speed-changing shaft 3 is fixedly sleeved with a third transmission gear 35, and movably sleeved with a first speed-changing gear 31, a second speed-changing gear 32, a third speed-changing gear 33 and a reverse speed-changing gear 34 in sequence, and the third transmission gear 35 is meshed with the second transmission gear 22. A first engagement sleeve 311 and a second engagement sleeve 312 are respectively sleeved on the first speed change shaft 3 between the first speed change gear 31 and the second speed change gear 32 and between the third speed change gear 33 and the reverse speed change gear 34.

As shown in fig. 12, the second speed change shaft 4 is fixedly sleeved with a first speed transmission gear 41, a third speed transmission gear 43, a second speed transmission gear 42 and a reverse speed transmission gear 44 in sequence, the first speed transmission gear 41 is meshed with the first speed transmission gear 31, the second speed transmission gear 42 is meshed with the second speed transmission gear 32, the third speed transmission gear 43 is meshed with the third speed transmission gear 33, and the output gear 61 is meshed with the second speed transmission gear 42. A carrier gear 51 is arranged at one end of the carrier shaft 5, and the carrier gear 51 is respectively meshed with the reverse speed change gear 34 and the reverse transmission gear 44; the carrier gear 51, i.e., the transition gear, does not affect the gear ratios of the reverse speed gear 34 and the reverse speed gear 44, while making the reverse speed gear 34 and the reverse speed gear 44 identical in steering.

The gearbox of the invention specifically works in the process that the input shaft 1 rotates when receiving power transmitted by an external motor, and the input gear 11 matched with the input shaft rotates in a meshed manner with the first transmission gear 21 to drive the transmission shaft 2 to idle, namely, the gear is a neutral gear. Under the control of the first electric cabinet 71, the first shifting fork shifts the movable sleeve 83 on the transmission shaft 2, and the balls 813 reach the working position, so that the outer sleeve 82 is connected with the transmission shaft 2. The second transmission gear 22 starts to rotate and transmits power to the third transmission gear 35. The third transmission gear 35 is in the form of a central spline hole, which is fixedly engaged with the first speed change shaft 3, which is a spline shaft, and transmits power to the first speed change shaft 3.

The first gear speed change gear 31, the second gear speed change gear 32, the third gear speed change gear 33 and the reverse gear speed change gear 34 on the first speed change shaft 3 are in a static state because the central hole is a round hole and cannot be matched with the spline shaft; the central holes of the first engagement sleeve 311 and the second engagement sleeve 312 are spline-type, and synchronously rotate with the first shift shaft 3. And the second and third shift forks 721 and 731 disposed on the second and first engagement sleeves 312 and 311, respectively, shift the first or second engagement sleeve 311 or 312 to the left or right under the control of the second and third electric cabinets 72 and 73, respectively, to be brought into contact with and engaged with different speed gears, thereby rotating them.

The first gear transmission gear 41, the second gear transmission gear 42, the third gear transmission gear 43 and the reverse gear transmission gear 44 on the second speed change shaft 4 receive power from the first speed change shaft 3. Taking the first gear as an example, during the power transmission process, if the first speed changing shaft 3 rotates clockwise, the third shifting fork 731 shifts the first engagement sleeve 311, so that the first engagement sleeve 311 is connected with the first speed changing gear 31 to drive the first speed changing gear 31 to rotate clockwise, so that the first speed transmission gear 41, the second speed transmission gear 42 and the third speed transmission gear 43 rotate anticlockwise, and the second speed transmission gear 42 drives the output gear 61 to rotate, thereby transmitting power to the output shaft 6. The principle of the rest gear is similar to that of the first gear.

Through the design of the clutch device 8 on the transmission shaft 2 and the output shaft 6, the whole gearbox is simple in structure and small in whole size, and multi-gear speed change can be smoothly realized.

The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A clutch device, characterized in that: comprising

The limiting seat (81), the limiting seat (81) comprises an annular bottom (811), the outer edge of the annular bottom (811) extends vertically to form an outer ring (812), the middle part of the annular bottom (811) extends vertically to form an inner ring (814), and an open sliding cavity (815) is formed between the inner ring (814) and the outer ring (812);

An outer sleeve (82), wherein the outer sleeve (82) comprises a cylinder (821), and a plurality of ribs (822) which are uniformly distributed along the axial direction are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder (821);

The movable sleeve (83), the movable sleeve (83) comprises a cylinder body (831), a convex annular jacking block (832) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of one end of the cylinder body (831), an annular clamping groove is formed in the outer wall of the other end of the cylinder body (831), and a baffle ring (833) is clamped in the annular clamping groove; the end part of the annular ejector block (832) close to the cylinder body (831) is an arc surface or an inclined surface, and a limiting convex ring (834) is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body (831);

The outer sleeve (82) is movably internally connected with the limiting seat (81), and the sliding cavity (815) of the limiting seat (81) is internally inserted with one end, close to the annular top block (832), of the movable sleeve (83); a spline shaft is connected in the spline hole of the inner ring (814), and the spline shaft is in running fit with the limit convex ring (834) and the transmission piece (835);

the outer ring (812) is provided with through holes uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and balls (813) are slidably arranged in the through holes.

2. The clutch device of claim 1, wherein: the outer sleeve (82) is fixedly sleeved with a gear, and a transmission piece (835) is fixedly inscribed in the outer sleeve (82).

3. A left-right clutch brake device is characterized in that: the clutch device comprises two clutch devices (8) as claimed in claim 2, wherein the two clutch devices (8) share a set of gears, an outer sleeve (82) and a transmission piece (835), the gears are output gears (61), the spline shaft is an output shaft (6), the output gears (61) and the transmission piece (835) are arranged in the middle of the outer sleeve (82), and the two movable sleeves (83) are symmetrically arranged relative to the transmission piece (835);

One end, far away from the movable sleeve (83), of each output shaft (6) is fixedly sleeved with a speed reduction seat (62), each output shaft (6) is sleeved with a spring (63), and two ends of each spring (63) respectively prop against the limiting convex rings (834) and the interiors of the speed reduction seats (62); one side of the speed reducing seat (62) close to the movable sleeve (83) is provided with a squeezing sheet (64), and a plurality of clutch plates (65) and steel plates (66) are arranged outside the speed reducing seat (62).

4. A gearbox, characterized in that: a left and right clutch brake device according to claim 3, further comprising a speed change gear set, wherein a clutch device (8) and an engagement sleeve are arranged on the speed change gear set; a shell (9) is arranged outside the left clutch brake device, the right clutch brake device and the speed change gear set, and the output shaft (6) is in running fit with the shell (9); the shell (9) is provided with a plurality of electric cabinets, a plurality of shifting forks which are correspondingly connected with each electric cabinet are arranged in the shell (9), and the shifting forks are clamped on the corresponding movable sleeves (83) or the corresponding joint sleeves.

5. The transmission of claim 4, wherein: the speed change gear set comprises an input shaft (1), a transmission shaft (2), a first speed change shaft (3), a second speed change shaft (4) and a gap bridge shaft (5), wherein the input shaft (1), the transmission shaft (2), the first speed change shaft (3), the second speed change shaft (4) and the gap bridge shaft (5) are all in rotary connection with the shell (9); the clutch device (8) is arranged on the transmission shaft (2), and a first joint sleeve (311) and a second joint sleeve (312) are sleeved on the first speed changing shaft (3); the electric control boxes comprise a first electric control box (71), a second electric control box (72), a third electric control box (73), a fourth electric control box (74) and a fifth electric control box (75), and shifting forks corresponding to the electric control boxes comprise a first shifting fork (711), a second shifting fork (721), a third shifting fork (731), a fourth shifting fork (741) and a fifth shifting fork (751); the first shifting fork (711) is clamped on the movable sleeve (83) on the transmission shaft (2), the second shifting fork (721) and the third shifting fork (731) are respectively clamped on the second joint sleeve (312) and the first joint sleeve (311), and the fourth shifting fork (741) and the fifth shifting fork (751) are respectively clamped on the movable sleeve (83) on the output shaft (6).

6. The transmission of claim 5, wherein: an input gear (11) is fixedly arranged on the input shaft (1), a first transmission gear (21) and a second transmission gear (22) are arranged on the transmission shaft (2), and the input gear (11) is meshed with the first transmission gear (21); the first transmission gear (21) is fixedly connected with an outer sleeve (82) on the transmission shaft (2), and the second transmission gear (22) is fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft (2); the first speed changing shaft (3) and the second speed changing shaft (4) are spline shafts, and spline shaft holes which are in sliding fit with the spline shafts are formed in the second joint sleeve (312) and the first joint sleeve (311).

7. The transmission of claim 6, wherein: a third transmission gear (35) is fixedly sleeved on the first speed changing shaft (3), a first-gear speed changing gear (31), a second-gear speed changing gear (32), a third-gear speed changing gear (33) and a reverse-gear speed changing gear (34) are movably sleeved on the first speed changing shaft, and the third transmission gear (35) is meshed with the second transmission gear (22); the first engagement sleeve (311) and the second engagement sleeve (312) are respectively sleeved on the first speed changing shaft (3) between the first-gear speed changing gear (31) and the second-gear speed changing gear (32) and between the third-gear speed changing gear (33) and the reverse-gear speed changing gear (34);

A first-gear transmission gear (41), a second-gear transmission gear (42), a third-gear transmission gear (43) and a reverse-gear transmission gear (44) are sequentially and fixedly sleeved on the second speed-changing shaft (4), the first-gear transmission gear (41) is meshed with the first-gear speed-changing gear (31), the second-gear transmission gear (42) is meshed with the second-gear speed-changing gear (32), and the third-gear transmission gear (43) is meshed with the third-gear speed-changing gear (33); a carrier gear (51) is arranged at one end of the carrier shaft (5), and the carrier gear (51) is respectively meshed with the reverse speed change gear (34) and the reverse transmission gear (44); the output gear (61) is meshed with the second-gear transmission gear (42).